Home exercise: faults

1. We are investigating the grid below

a) Single phase ground fault occurs at point E. Fault impedance is zero and the grid voltage
in the fault point is 1.0 pu when the fault occurs. Draw the sequence networks (positive,
negative and zero) and their connection in the single phase ground fault.
b) Calculate the ground fault current.
c) Calculate the fault current during a 3 phase short circuit that occurs at point E. The Fault
impedance is zero and the grid voltage in the fault point is 1.0 pu.

Solution
Home exercise: faults

a)
sequence networks (positive, negative and zero) and their connection in a single phase ground fault

b)
Sequence network impedances seen from point E

(0,2 + 0,1 + 0,2 + 0,2)  (0,1 + 0,2) 0,7  0,3

z1 = z 2 = j =j = j0,21
0,2 + 0,1 + 0,2 + 0,2 + 0,1 + 0,2 1,0
(0,1 + 0,6 + 0,5)  (0,1 + 0,3) 1,2  0,4
z0 = j =j = j0,30
0,1 + 0,6 + 0,5 + 0,1 + 0,3 1,6
Sequence network currents:
u u 10
i 0 = i1 = i 2 = = = = 1,4 − 90pu
( z 1 + z 2 + z 0 ) j(0,21 + 0,21 + 0,3) j0,72

Fault current in phase A is i A = 3  i 0 = 4,2 − 90 = − j4,2 pu

c) The positive sequence impedance seen from bus E z1 = j0,21 and three phase short
circuit fault current:
u 1,00
ik = = = 4,76 − 90 pu
z1 0,2190