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Micom P642-3-5 - en - 1887c-1
Micom P642-3-5 - en - 1887c-1
• Protection, control, > Restricted earth fault (REF) boosts trip sensitivity
monitoring, measurements > Voltage, frequency, thermal and overfluxing elements
and recording in-one device
> CT, VT, trip circuit and self-supervision:
• Backup and logging of
through faults • Patented CT supervision ensures no spurious trip for CT or wiring failures
• Simple to specify, set, and > Integrated backup overcurrent per winding
commission > Readily interfaces to multiple automation protocols, including IEC 61850
• Programmable function keys
AREVA T&D
APPLICATION As well as transformer protection, the P64x range may
be applied to other unit applications, such as reactor
and motor.
The MiCOM P642 is intended for two-winding
transformer applications, with one set of three phase
The MiCOM P64x series is supplied with a full suite of
CTs per winding. The P643 covers up to 3 bias inputs
protection and control functions as standard. The
(three CT sets) - either a three winding application, or
configuration column of the menu is used to control
two-winding with dual CTs on one side. Where 4 or 5
which functions the user requires in the intended
feeding connections to the protected transformer exist,
application, and which may be disabled. Disabled
the P645 offers five bias input sets. All models have a
functions are completely removed from the menu, to
single-phase VT input, mainly for overfluxing
simplify setting. Differential elements have an inbuilt
application, and the P643 and P645 allow an additional
configuration wizard, to avoid settings errors.
3-phase VT input to be connected. This allows
overcurrent backup to be directionalised, and expands
the measurement and recording analog channels
available.
2>3
I
I
FUNCTIONAL OVERVIEW
Figure 2: System Overview of the P64x series – example 3 winding, 4 bias application
I
Transformer Differential
Protection P64x
Figure 4: Typical magnetizing inrush waveform – > REF: Restricted Earth (Ground) Fault
showing harmonic distortion
Restricted earth fault protection is included to cover a
larger percentage of the transformer windings than
might be possible with the main differential elements. A
separate element per winding is provided (P642: HV
and LV. P643/P645: HV, LV, and if required, the TV
C C tertiary too).
B B
Figure 5 shows a typical restricted earth fault
A A application. Biased REF is used, to avoid the need for
0 ... x ... 1 any stabilizing resistor or varistor/Metrosil. REF
elements operate independently of inrush detection,
87T
potentially offering faster tripping for low or moderate
fault currents, in addition to enhanced sensitivity.
Figure 5:
Restricted earth fault application
4>5
> Thermal Overload > Circuit Breaker Failure
All models offer thermal overload protection, with the The breaker failure protection may be initiated from
extent of protection being the choice of the customer. internal protection within the P64x, and also from
The most simple application employs I²t characteristic. external devices. In the case of Buchholz (sudden
Time constants are set, such that the thermal model pressure) relays, the CBF elements for all breakers
can follow the correct exponential heating and cooling must be initated in parallel. Where external feeder or
profile, replicating the winding hotspot temperature. busbar protection is applied to trip only one (or more)
Alarm and trip thresholds are available as outputs. breaker(s), the P64x has the ability to initiate the CBF
scheme on a per breaker basis. Retripping and
To enhance the thermal replica, ambient and/or top-oil backtripping schemes are supported, all with a fast-
temperature compensation may be applied. This is acting undercurrent check.
achieved by fitting the RTD board option, and
positioning the PT100 probes appropriately (outdoors,
or within the transformer tank). Additionally, alarm and
trip setpoints can be applied for any probe input, SUPERVISORY FUNCTIONS
should an absolute measured temperature at the
probe location be of interest. Ten independent probe
Voltage transformer supervision is provided to detect
inputs are available, making radiator pump and fan
loss of one, two or three VT signals (P643 and P645
control an additional possibility using the relay’s
models fitted with a 3-phase VT). Current transformer
programmable scheme logic (PSL).
supervision is provided to detect loss of phase CT
input signals. Using the “differential CTS” feature
Thermal overload protection is a closely-related
(patented), the relay performs an intelligent
companion function to the Loss of Life monitoring
comparison of the negative sequence current
feature described later.
imbalance at all CT terminals, to determine which, if
any, CTs have failed. This comparison detects all CT
shorts, open circuits, and wiring disconnections without
> V/Hz Overfluxing Protection an inherent time delay. Operation of the differential
protection can be blocked during the failure, or
The single phase voltage input may be connected ph-
alternatively temporarily desensitised to avoid an
ph or ph-neutral and is provided to enable overfluxing
unwanted trip. The CTS thus assures real-time stability
detection. Alarm and tripping characteristics, which
of the differential elements, and any applicable REF
are based on a measurement of the voltage/frequency
protection.
ratio, are provided. The alarm is definite time delayed
whilst the trip characteristic may be applied with up to
four definite time (DT) elements, or an IDMT curve
plus up to three DT elements. The optional additional
3-phase VT input available in P643 and P645 allows
BACK-UP PROTECTION
overfluxing to be applied on both HV and LV sides of
the transformer, to ensure optimum protection, The MiCOM P642, P643, and P645 are delivered with
irrespective of the loadflow direction. comprehensive back-up protection. Typically this will
be used in time-delayed mode to improve fault
Both thermal overload and overfluxing elements are detection dependability for system (out-of-zone) faults.
essentially thermal based, modelling winding and oil System integrity can also be improved, utilizing internal
heating, or heating of core bolts and laminations. Due elements for load-shedding, interlocking, alarm, or
to time constants being in minutes (rather than other purposes.
seconds), heating and cooling of both replicas can be
relatively slow. A pre-trip countdown is provided,
> Current-Based Protection
displaying the time remaining to trip if the present level
of load, or flux were to be maintained. A pre-trip alarm Each winding, whether the current is directly measured
can be applied, notifying the dispatcher that he/she from one CT input, or is a virtual summation from two
has a certain number of minutes for remedial action, CTs, has the following elements available:
before a trip is likely. After any injection testing, all • Phase fault overcurrent
replicas can be forced to reset via a user command. • Negative sequence overcurrent
• Earth (ground) fault.
Simple setting:
intuitive wizards need only nameplate data
Up to four stages of each element, per winding, are CONTROL
available – with a choice of standard IEC and
ANSI/IEEE IDMT curves, instantaneous, and definite-
time operation. Where a P643/P645 has the 3-phase > User interface
VT option fitted, any of the current protection applied
on the same winding as the VT location may be Integrated user function keys and programmable LEDs
directionalized. Overcurrent elements, directionalized if provide a cost-effective solution for full transformer
necessary, can be useful to clear reverse-fed upstream schemes. The P643 and P645 offer higher
faults, or for protection of adjacent busbars. At functionality, with ten function keys operating in two
distribution and industrial voltage levels, low-cost bus modes, normal and toggled, each with an associated
protection schemes can be configured using the tricolour LED for clear indication of the logic status.
“reverse interlocking” principle. This is a logic-based Typical control, maintenance, and commissioning
scheme, which will trip should a fault current flow onto options are initiated directly from simple key presses,
the busbar not be accompanied by an external fault rather than the need to navigate a menu.
start on an outgoing circuit.
The earth fault protection is configurable to operate
either in measured, or derived mode. “Measured”
> Programmable scheme logic
denotes that the winding (or external earthing
transformer) has a star-point single phase CT available
Powerful graphical logic allows the user to customize
in the Y-ground connection, and the user wishes this
the protection and control functions. The gate logic
current to be used to implement standby earth fault
includes OR, AND and majority gate functions, with
(SBEF). “Derived” is set for delta windings, or other
the ability to invert the inputs and outputs, and provide
cases where the user prefers to use the calculated
feedback. The system is optimized to ensure that the
residual current from the three phase CTs.
protection outputs are not delayed by the PSL
operation. The programmable scheme logic is
> Voltage Protection * configured using the graphical MiCOM S1 Studio PC
software, as shown in Figure 6. The relay outputs may
Two stages each are available for phase overvoltage, be configured as latching (eg "Lockout") or self-reset.
phase undervoltage, and residual overvoltage (neutral Time delays and interlocking schemes are possible
displacement). Such elements are particularly useful to within the PSL.
detect voltage regulation errors.
(* - Available when optional 3-phase VT input is
ordered in P643 or P645).
MEASUREMENTS AND
> Frequency Protection
RECORDING
Figure 6:
Programmable Scheme Logic editor
6>7
> Through fault monitoring PLANT SUPERVISION
Programmable logic
and control scheme flexibility
AREVA TRACK RECORD -
TRANSFORMER PROTECTION
>> Over 15 000 MiCOM transformer differential relays supplied since 2001.
>> MiCOM P642, P643, P645 range advances on this technology.
>> Large installed base and pedigree of transformer differential relay
supply, with models including DTH, MBCH, MX3DPT, KBCH, PQ
and MiCOM.
>> Over 80 000 units of such relay types are in-service, worldwide.
>> Couple P64x with MiCOM P12x/P14x feeder solutions and KVGC
voltage regulation for a full transformer protection and control
solution.
AUTOMATION-L3-P642-3-5-BR-07.09-1887c-EN - © - AREVA - 2009. AREVA, the AREVA logo and any alternative version thereof are trademarks and service marks of AREVA. MiCOM is a registered trademark of AREVA.
All trade names or trademarks mentioned herein whether registered or not, are the property of their owners. - 389191982 RCS PARIS - Printed in France - SONOVISION-ITEP