Learn English Improving Spoken English Book 1

Learn English
Improving Spoken English
Hazel Robins
Book 1
First published in 2017
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author of this work under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
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electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the copyright owners.
Published by Sandford Press Limited Hillside, Albion Street, Chipping Norton, Oxfordshire, OX7 5BH
ISBN 978-0-9957327-1-1
Author: Hazel Robins
Editor: Nicola Mee
Illustrator and designer: Lorraine Inglis Printed and bound in the UK
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Contents
Introduction: how to use this book

Grammar and question tables
1 Hello! Meeting people for the first time
2 How’re you? Social etiquette
3 What’s your family like?
4 Having fun! Making conversation
5 Talking about your daily routine
6 Are you busy? Making plans
7 Visiting places
8 How do I get there? Directions in town
9 Visiting the doctor
10 A table for two, please! Eating out
11 A place to live – renting and buying houses
12 How much is this? At the shops
Numbers, money, measurements, time and dates
Vocabulary
Question words
Introduction: how to use this book
This book is for students who have an A1/A2 level of English and want to improve their speaking and listening skills through self-study.
Each chapter is situation-focused. You do not have to follow a specific order.
This course works best with a tablet or smart phone.
We recommend that students use:
a good English-English dictionary app (rather than a translation app) to use for checking meaning, grammar and most importantly
pronunciation of new words.
a ‘sounds’ app – for specific pronunciation work
a good voice recognition app e.g. Siri (set to British English) or Cortana, on iPhones and Windows Phones, or a good Android
equivalent, to check pronunciation.
a means of recording their voice and playing back
Chapter structure
The chapters in this book all follow a structure to make it easier for you to learn English and to guide you through the learning process.
Underlining: to help with pronunciation, some words have underlining to show where the stress is. The podcast will also help you to
understand pronunciation.
Grammar: key grammar is included in the chapters so you can learn grammar in context, where it’s useful. A list of the grammar points is at the
front of this book.
Question words: this book explains all of the key question words in context. A list of the question words and when you use them is at the front
of this book.
Key Tips: important aspects of learning English are highlighted with the Key Tips.
Links to external content: for extra help we include links to external content online.
Practising numbers: we include a section with numbers, days, months and time used in context.
Podcast: we include several conversations in a Podcast that you can listen to on your phone tablet, laptop, etc online by visiting
learnenglish1.education.
Pronunciation: practise your pronunciation: say key phrases to Siri/Cortana etc. in your phone. Does Siri understand?
Vocabulary: the Vocabulary section at the back of this book explains the most important vocabulary.
Using the book

As well as reading, understanding and practising the conversations contained in this book, it is important to listen to the conversations on the
podcasts.
Listen to, read and repeat the conversations as many times as you need to. Listen without the script the 1st time, then listen and read the 2nd
time (and 3rd/4th time if you need to).
Each unit has useful vocabulary for specific situations, and general language to help you in your speaking. At the back of the book there is a list
of vocabulary and descriptions.
Sometimes, try to understand generally without looking up every word. If you do this you will improve your listening skills quickly. Your English-
English dictionary is a good tool for learning new words, but you don’t need to look up all the words to understand a conversation.
Listening
To be good at speaking, you also need to be good at listening. To improve your listening skills:
Watch films in English. Maybe try without subtitles.

Listen to your favourite English music, 1st without, then with the words online.
Listen to English radio stations while you cook or clean.
Relax – you don’t need to understand every word, and stress makes listening harder. Just relax and let your brain do the work.
Speaking
Speaking a language is like driving a car – you need to practise. This book lets you use technology to practise your language at home and work,
before you try with other people.
The aim of this book is to give you the structure to learn alone and really improve your fluency, pronunciation and confidence with speaking.
Good luck, and remember, practice makes perfect!
Grammar and question tables
You can find below items of grammar and question words that are used in specific situations in the various chapters in the book. Use these to
help you learn key pieces of grammar and understand how they are used in situations.
Grammar tables
Chapter 1: Hello! Meeting people for the first time
1.1 Present tense of be
1.2 Describing where you are from
1.3 Asking where someone is from
Chapter 3: What’s your family like?

3.1 A and any after do you have and have you got
3.2 The present tense of have
3.3 The present tense of have got
3.4 Describing people using be, have and have got
3.5 Possessives – my, your, his, her, their
Chapter 4: Having fun! Making conversation

4.1 Ways of saying I like
4.2 Other ways of saying I like
4.3 Ways of saying I don’t like
4.4 Ways of asking Do you like?
4.5 Ways of saying you like something more
4.6 Questions with regular verbs
4.7 Regular verbs – endings with he/she/it
4.8 He, she and they – likes, dislikes and preferences
4.9 Negatives with regular verbs
Chapter 5: Talking about your daily routine

5.1 Regular verbs
Chapter 6: Are you busy? Making plans

6.1 Polite ways of saying no
6.2 The two negative forms of be
6.3 Suggesting when to meet
6.4 Questions with can, could and shall
Chapter 7: Visiting places

7.1 Pronouns after for
7.2 Position of adjectives
7.3 There be says what exists
7.4 Does it have, has it got and are there
Chapter 9: Visiting the doctor

9.1 I’d like and I need
9.2 Can doesn’t conjugate
9.3 Keep + -ing
9.4 Using have + [past participle] to talk about the recent past (the present perfect)
Chapter 10: A table for two please! Eating out

10.1 Asking questions with can and could
10.2 Asking questions with’d
10.3 Be in the past
Chapter 11: A place to live – renting and buying houses

11.1 Regular verbs in the past – call, speak and show
11.2 Subjects and objects
11.3 Present questions, past questions and negatives with most verbs
11.4 Present and past questions and negatives with be
11.5 ’d meaning would
Chapter 12: How much is this? At the shops

12.1 Would: questions, positives and negatives
12.2 The comparative and superlative
12.3 The future using will + [verb]
12.4 Countable nouns
12.5 Uncountable nouns

13.1 Metric and imperial measures – kg, st, 1 etc.
13.2 The ordinal numbers in dates – 1st, 2nd etc.
13.3 The past of be
Questions
Chapter 1: Hello! Meeting people for the first time
1.A What? asks for information
1.B How do you? asks for a description
1.C How? asks for more information
1.D Where? asks about place
1.E Which? asks you to choose
Chapter 3: What’s your family like?

3.A How many? asks about quantity
3.B What’s … like? asks for descriptions
3.C When? asks about time or date
Chapter 4: Having fun! Making conversation

Chapter 6: Are you busy? Making plans

6.A Where? asks about place
Chapter 9: Visiting the doctor

9.A Who? asks about people
Chapter 12: How much is this? At the shops

12.B Which? asks you to choose
12.C Where? asks about place
12.D How much? asks about quantity
1 Hello! Meeting people for the first time Hello!
You can say: Hello, Hi, Hiya, Heya,
Good morning, Good afternoon, Good evening,
Morning, Afternoon, Evening, Hello! is for all
situations; Hi! is slightly informal; Hey!, Hiya! and
Heya! are informal.
Good morning!, Good afternoon! and Good evening!
are slightly formal.
Morning!, Afternoon! and Evening! are informal.
Goodbye!
You can say: Goodbye, Goodnight,
Bye-Bye, Bye
Night, See you
Goodbye! is slightly formal; Goodnight! is for all
situations; Bye-bye! and Bye! are slightly informal;
See you! and Night! are informal.
What time?
00.00–12.00: Good morning!
12.00–17.00: Good afternoon!
17.00–00.00: Good evening!
21.00–00.00: Good night!
Remember!
(Good) Morning!, (Good) Afternoon
and (Good) Evening! = Hello!
(Good)night! = Goodbye!
What’s your name?

You can ask: What’s your name?
You can answer: My name’s…

I’m called…
I’m…
or just your name.
Examples
My name’s Katie. I’m Harriet.
I’m called Elijah My name’s Gioia.
I’m Owen. I’m called Evan.
My name’s Irin. I’m Kayden.
I’m called Moritz.
Then you can ask: And you?

You?
And yours?
What’s yours?
Yours?
Conversations
Joey: What’s your Chang: What’s your
name? name?
Florence: Florence. And Kai: Kai. And
you? yours?
Joey: My name’s Chang: I’m Chang.
Joey.
Fernanda: What’s your Theo: What’s your
name? name?
Ben: My name’s Alexander: Alexander.
Ben. You? What’s
yours?
Fernanda: Mine’s Theo: Theo.
Fernanda.
Dexter: What’s your Edward: What’s your
name? name?
Janos: Janos. Yours? Jayden: My name’s
Jayden. And
yours?
Dexter: I’m Dexter. Edward: I’m Edward.
Finley: What’s your Chiara: What’s your
name? name?
Faith: My name’s Clea: I’m Clea.
Faith. And What’s
you? yours?
Finley: I’m Finley. Chiara: Chiara.
Eva: What’s your Ajani: What’s your
name? name?
Jamie: Jamie. You? Erin: Erin. Yours?
Eva: I’m Eva. Ajani: I’m Ajani.
You can ask: What’s your…?
1.A What asks for

Examples information: What’s
your name?
What’s your first name? What’s your
What’s your Christian surname?
name? What’s your favourite
What’s your middle name? colour?
What’s your surname? What pets do you
have?
Conversations
Sam: Afternoon! Imogen: Hello!
Aadi: Good Quintana: Hi!
morning!
Imogen: What’s your Sam: What’s your
name? name?
Aadi: My name’s Quintana: Quintana. You?
Aadi.
Yours?
Imogen: Imogen. Sam: My name’s Sam.
Nice to meet you.
Lottie: Hello! What’s Aakar: Pleased to

your name? meet you.
James: James Sophie: And you,
Finulas. And what’s yours?
you?
Lottie: I’m Lottie Aakar: Aakar.
Jones.
Aafreen: Hey! What’s Sophie: And your
your name? surname?
Abanu: Abanu. And Aakar: Patel.
yours?
Aafreen: Aafreen.
Alex: Hi! Henry: Evening.
Raffaela: Heya! Baptiste: Hi. What’s
your name?
Alex: What’s your Henry: Henry. You?
name?
Raffaela: Raffaela. Baptiste: My name’s
Baptiste.
Alex: I’m Alex. Henry: Nice to meet
you Baptiste.
What’s your
last name?
Raffaela: Alex what? Baptiste: Cixous. Yours?
Alex: Alex Roderick Henry: George.
Smith.
Chloe: Hi. Catherine: What’s your
full name,
Faye?
Daisy: Hey. Chloe: What’s your
name?
Daisy: I’m Daisy Faye: Faye Jane
Muller. And Kerby. You?
you?
Chloe: My name’s Catherine: Catherine
Chloe Dubois. Penelope
Haynes.
Daisy: What’s your Luke: Charlotte,
middle name? what’s your
surname?
Chloe: Marie. What’s Charlotte: Richardson.
yours? Yours?
Daisy: Joan. Luke: Jones. And
what’s your
middle name?
Tristan: What’s your Charlotte: Jane. And
surname? yours?
Michael: Walker. And Luke: Alex.
you?
Tristan: Lundberg. Charlotte: So you’re Luke
Alex Jones.
Aakar: Good Luke: Yes, and
evening, you’re
what’s your Charlotte Jane
name? Richardson.
Sophie: I’m Sophie Charlotte: That’s right.
Martins.
1.1 Present tense of be Be

is used to talk about
someone’s name, age,
birthday, nationality, work
and much more.
Positives (+) Negatives (−) Questions
(?)
I am or I’m I am not or I’m not am I?
you are or
you are not or you aren’t are you?
you’re
he/she/it is not or
he/she/it is or is
he’s/she’s it’s not or
he’s/she’s/it’s he/she/it?
he/she/it isn’t
we are not or we’re not or
we are or we’re are we?
we aren’t
they are or they are not or they’re not
are they?
they’re or they aren’t
Examples
I’m Swedish. They aren’t French. Are you English?
You’re 15. It isn’t my birthday Is your name
He’s a today. James?
teacher. She’s not my cousin. Are they happy
How do you spell that?
You can ask: How do you spell your name?
How do you spell that?
How’s that spelt?
Is that spelt…?
Is that spelt with…?
1.B How…? Sometimes asks about the

way something is done:
How do you spell that? With a ‘Z’.

How do you go to work? By train.
How did you study With a
English? book.
Conversations
Aaron: Hi! What’s your Matthew: Is your name
name? Freddie?
Izara: Izara. Yours? Freddie: Yup.
Aaron: Aaron. How do Matthew: Is that Freddy
you spell Izara? spelt with a Y, or
I–E?
Izara: I–Z–A–R–A. Freddie: I–E.
Abdul: Hello. What’s Louie: Your surname’s
your name? Robins, right?
Adriano: Adriano. You? Sam: Yeah, that’s right
Abdul: My name’s Louie: Is that spelt with
Abdul. one B, or two?
Adriano: How’s that Sam: One.
spelt?
Abdul: A–B–D–U–L.
Emma: What’s your Raquel: Abhaas, how do
name? you spell your
name?
Elliott: Elliott. Abhaas: A–B–H–A–A–S.
Emma: Is that spelt E– Seth: Guadalupe, is
L–L–I–O–T? your name
French?
Elliott: No, E–L–L–I–O–T– Guadalupe: Yes.
T. It has two Ts.
Isabella: What’s your Seth: How do you spell
surname, it?
Joseph?
Joseph: Fothergill. Guadalupe: G–U–A–D–A–L–O–
O–P.
Isabella: Fothergill? Seth: That’s not
How’s that French…
spelt?
Joseph: F–O–T–H–E–R–G– Guadalupe: No, I’m joking!
I–L–L. It’s spelt G–U–A–
D–A–L–U–P–E.
How old are you?

You can ask: How old are you?
You can answer: I’m… years Then you can ask: And
old. you?
… years old. You?
I’m… How about you?
or just the number.
How about you? is informal.
1.C How…? also asks for information

about an adjective:
How old are you? 31 years old.

How long is the bridge? 1.5 km.
How heavy is the flour? 1 kg.
Conversations
Alex: How old are Abhiram: I'm 10 years old.
you? And you?
Isabel: 23. You? Abhayan: I'm 11.
Alex: I'm 12.
Samuel: How old are Abanu: How old are you,
you, Carmen? then?
Carmen: I'm 12. And Mike: I'm 6 years old.
you? You?
Samuel: 13. Abanu: I'm 84.
Calandra: How old are Helen: How old are you?
you?
Logan: 27. You? Linda: I'm 29. And you?
Calandra: I'm 58. Helen: 31.
James: How old are Annabelle: How old are you?
you, Aziza?
Aziza: 62. How about Boris: I'm 17. You?
you?
James: I'm 33. Annabelle: I'm 15 years old.
Abhayan: How old are Mason: How old are you,
you? Bao?
Abhiram: Guess! Bao: I'm 38. How
about you?
Abhayan: Are you 13? Mason: I'm 75 years old.
Abhiram: No, 10! Jo: I'm 11. How old
are you?
Abhayan: You're too big Sandrine: I'm too old to
to be 10! answer that
question!
Where are you from?

You can ask: Where are you
from? 1.D Where…? asks
about place.
Where do you come from?
Where are you from?
Where do you live?
You can answer: I’m from…

I come from… Where is
or just your country, town or Manchester?
region. Where are you?
Where is the train
Examples station?
I’m from Taiwan. I come from Australia.

I’m from Paraguay. I come from Iraq.
I’m from Canada. I come from Israel
Then you can ask: You? And you?
How about you?
You can answer:
I’m Chinese. = I’m from China. = I come from China.

I’m = I’m from = I come from
Argentinian. Argentina. Argentina.
I’m English. = I’m from = I come from
England. England.
I’m Japanese. = I’m from Japan. = I come from Japan.
I’m American. = I’m from = I come from
America. America.
1.2 Describing where you

are from
You can ask: Are you from…?
Do you come from…?
Are you…?
Examples
Are you from Germany? = Are you German?
Are you from Britain? = Are you British?
Are you from Vietnam? = Are you Vietnamese?
Are you from Holland? = Are you Dutch?
Do you come from Libya? = Are you Libyan?
Do you come from Poland? = Are you Polish?
Do you come from Portugal? = Are you Portuguese?
Do you come from France? = Are you French?
1.3 Asking where someone

is from
You can ask: Which region of China?
Which part of Argentina?
Which town in England?
1.E Which…? asks you to choose from

a selection: Which colour? Red or
blue?
Which number? 1 or 2?
Which university? Oxford or
Cambridge?
Which Washington? Washington, US
or Washington, UK?
Where in Japan?
Whereabouts in America?
Whereabouts is informal.
Conversations
Celyn: Where do you come from, Harrison?
Harrison: I’m American. How about you?
Celyn: I’m Welsh.
Abhiti: Where are you from?
Aftab: Pakistan. You?
Abhiti: I’m from Nepal.
Bethany: Are you French, Luc?
Luc: Yes. And you? Where do you come from?
Bethany: I’m Canadian.
Sarita: Where are you from?
Laurence: I’m from China. You?
Sarita: I’m Argentinian.
Laurence: Which part of Argentina are you from?
Sarita: I come from the north, near Córdoba. Which
region of China do you come from?
Laurence: I’m from the east, a region called
Shandong.
Abhiram: Are you Asian?
Mark: Yes, I come from Japan.
Abhiram: Whereabouts?
Mark: Tokyo. And you? Where are you from?
Abhiram: South Africa.
Mark: Really? Where in South Africa?
Abhiram: Cape Town.
To show interest, you can say: Really?

Oh right?
Oh?
The question mark means that the
voice goes up at the end of the
sentence.
George: Where do you come from?

Clemence: I’m from England.
George: Oh right? Which town in England?
Clemence: Manchester, in the north. And you? Are you
from America?
George: Yes, I come from Texas.
Taj: Where are you from, Ottavia?
Ottavia: Italy.
Taj: Lovely! Where in Italy?
Ottavia: Florence. How about you?
Taj: I’m Indian.
Alessia: Oscar – what’s your nationality?
Oscar: I’m Irish. Yours?
Alessia: I’m Italian.
Akiki: Are you from Germany, Gunnar?
Gunnar: No, I’m from Norway. How about you?
Akiki: I’m Ugandan.
George: Do you come from America, Riley?
Riley: Yes, I’m from the US. And you?
George: I come from Scotland.
Amane: Thomas, are you English?
Thomas: No, I’m Irish.
Amane: Which part of Ireland are you from?
Thomas: I’m from Dublin. Where are you from?
Amane: I’m from Petra, in Jordan.
Benicia: What’s your nationality, Amadi?
Amadi: My family’s Egyptian, but I’m Spanish.
Benicia: Are you from Spain?
Amadi: Yes. How about you? What’s your
nationality?
Benicia: My family’s Colombian, but I’m Brazillian.
Where do you live?

You can ask: Where do you live?
You can say: I live in…

In…
or just the country, town or region.
You can ask: Do you live in…?
Examples
Do you live in Lebanon?
Do you live in Athens?
Do you live in the Czech Republic?
Do you live in Reykjavik?
You can answer: Yes, I do.
No, I don’t. I live in…..
Then you can ask: You?
And you?
How about you?
Conversations
Darcy: Where do you live, Anja: I live in
Olivier? Switzerland,
but I come
from Russia.
Olivier: I live in Australia.
You?
Darcy: Sweden. Feodora: Where do you
live?
Eshe: Where do you live? Gianna: In
Bangladesh.
And you?
Alexei: In Turkey. And you? Feodora: I live in Italy.
Eshe: Malta. Grace: Hugo – where
do you live?
Janet: Where do you live? Hugo: Ethiopia. How
about you?
Kat: I live in England. Grace: New Zealand.
You?
Janet: Cambodia. Where Laura: Where do you
in England do you live?
live?
Kat: In Essex. Adhir: London.
Janet: Really? Laura: London in
Whereabouts? England?
Kat: Colchester. Adhir: No, in the US.
Steve: Where do you live? Laura: In America!
Wolfgang: In Germany.
Steve: Oh right? Adhir: Yes, it’s a
Whereabouts? small town in
Ohio.
Wolfgang: I live in Cologne. Lorenzo: Where do you
You? live,
Mikhail?
Steve: I live in Holland. Mikhail: In Austria.
Wolfgang: Which part? Lorenzo: Me too!
Steve: Rotterdam. Mikhail: Whereabouts?
Anja: Where do you live, Lorenzo: In Judenburg.
Liam? You?
Liam: I’m from the UK, Mikhail: I live in Graz.
but I live in South
Africa. You?
Podcast conversations
Kalindi needs Jason’s
personal information for a
form…
Jason: Good morning!
Kalindi: Hello! What’s your name please?
Jason: Jason Haynes.
Kalindi: How do you spell Haynes?
Jason: H-A-Y-N-E-S.
Kalindi: No middle name?
Jason: Yes – Richard.
Kalindi: How old are you?
Jason: 44.
Kalindi: What’s your nationality?
Jason: I’m Indian.
Kalindi: Where do you live?
Jason: America.
Kalindi: Which city?
Jason: New York.
Kalindi: Great, thank you!
Full name: Jason Richard

Haynes
Age: 44
Nationality: Indian
Residence: New York, US
Pierre meets Emilia at a party…
Pierre: Hi! What’s your name?

Emilia: Emilia. Yours?
Pierre: Pierre. Where are you from?
Emilia: Canada. And you?
Pierre: Paris, France. Where in Canada are you from?
Emilia: Alberta.
Pierre: Do you live in Alberta?
Emilia: No, I live in Winnipeg.
Pierre: How old are you?
Emilia: 29. How about you?
Pierre: I’m 28.
TIME TO TALK
1.
Listen to the conversation on the podcast.
2.
Repeat it and record your voice on your phone.
3.
Listen. Do you sound like the podcast?
4.
Talk to Siri/Cortana/OK Google – does the computer
understand you?
Visit the podcast at www.learnenglish1.education.

2 How're you? Social etiquette How’re you?
You can ask:
How’re you? How’s it going? Are you ok?

How’re you doing? Alright?
How’re you? is for all situations. How’s it going?,

How’re you doing?, Are you ok? and Alright? are
informal.
You can answer: I’m…

I feel…
Examples
I’m fine (This is the most common answer) I’m
fantastic
I feel great
I’m good
I’m OK
I feel alright
good and OK are slightly informal.
You can also answer: Yes./Yep.

No./Nope
Yep and Nope are informal.
To talk about yourself in the present tense you use

the verb be (I am or I’m). See Grammar table 1.1.
It is polite to thank someone for asking. You can say:
Thank you!
Thanks!
Cheers!
Thank you! is for all situations; Thanks! and Cheers!

are informal.

And you?
How about you?
Yourself?
How about you? and Yourself? are informal.
Conversations
Aafreen: Hey! How’re you? Gracie: Alright, Barack?
Hanh: Good, thanks. You? Barack: Yup. Yourself?
Aafreen: Not too bad. Gracie: Yup, I’m good.
Rhys: Good morning Harvir. How’re you?
Harvir: I’m fine, thank you. How’re you?
Rhys: I’m well, thank you.
Calla: Afternoon, Jake. How’s it going?
Jake: I’m good, cheers. How’re you?
Calla: Pretty good.
Brooke: Hi, Fia. Alright?
Fia: Yes, great thanks. You?
Brooke: I’m really good.
With friends or family we can ask for more

information. You can ask:
How’re you really? Why’s that?

Why? How come?
How’re you really? is quite personal; How come? is

informal.
You can answer: I’m a bit… stressed

I’m feeling… depressed
I feel … terrible
Examples
I’m in a good I feel angry. I’m feeling
mood. excited.
I'm happy. I feel I’m feeling tired.
frightened.
I’m annoyed. I feel calm. I’m feeling calm.
I’m in a bad mood. I feel relaxed. I’m feeling hungry.
I’m stressed. I feel ill. I’m feeling
anxious.
You can ask: Why are you…?

Why do you feel…?
Examples
Why are you fantastic?
Why are you terrible?
Why do you feel good?
Why do you feel awful?
You can ask: What’s wrong?
What’s up?
What’s up? is informal.
You can answer: I’m…

I feel…
I’m feeling…
If somebody feels bad, you can say:
Oh no! That’s terrible!

Oh dear! Poor you!
I’m sorry! That’s a shame!
If they feel good, you can say:
That’s great! Good to hear!

That’s wonderful! Glad to hear it.
Examples
Azizi: I’m sad. Aja: I’m feeling
relaxed.
Akello: I’m sorry! Mia: Good to hear!
Alexis: I feel happy. Kalila: I’m anxious.
Maddison: That’s great! Livia: That’s not good!
Jessica: I’m feeling Amber: I’m in a good
stressed. mood.
Alexane: Poor you! Alisha: Glad to hear it!
Conversations
Harry: Hi Abena, how’re Nathan: I’m pretty good.
you? Why only ok?
Abena: Not so good. Zachary: I’m quite tired.
Harry: How come?
Abena: I’m very stressed. Jenson: Hi.
Harry: Oh no! Edwige: Hey Jenson,
how’re you?
Darcey: Morning Eleanor! Jenson: I’m fine.
Eleanor: Morning! How’re Edwige: How’re you
you doing? really?
Darcey: I’m great. Jenson: I’m kinda down.
Eleanor: Why? Edwige: What’s wrong?
Darcey: I’m feeling really Jenson: I feel depressed.
happy and
relaxed.
Eleanor: That’s great! Edwige: That’s not good.
Darcey: How’re you? Martha: Why are you
feeling down,
Zeno?
Eleanor: Not so good. Zeno: I’m anxious.
Darcey: I’m sorry! Why’s Martha: Oh dear!
that?
Eleanor: I’m quite sick. Ingrid: Good evening,
Ellis.
Nathan: Hey Zachary. All Ellis: Good evening.
well?
Zachary: Ok. You? Ingrid: How’re you?
Ellis: So-so. Viveca: Oh no. I’m sorry!
Ingrid: Are you worried Déwu: How’re you?
about your exam?
Ellis: Yes. Viveca: I’m good –
hungry.
Ingrid: Poor you! Kia: Hi Maisie.
Alright?
Marit: Hello Victoria. Are Maisie: I’m OK.
you ok?
Victoria: Yes, thanks. You? Kia: You’re not OK.
How are you
really?
Marit: I’m very tired, Maisie: I’m in a bad
but I’m good. mood.
Viveca: Afternoon, Déwu. Kia: Why?
You alright?
Déwu: No. Maisie: I’m feeling very
tired and I’m
really stressed.
Viveca: How come? Kia: Oh dear.
Déwu: I feel ill
Introductions
You can say:

Formal (at work) Informal (with
friends)
I’d like you to meet… This is…..
Let me introduce… or Let me Do you know…?
introduce you to…
May I introduce…? or May I Meet…
introduce you to…?
Allow me to introduce… or Allow me to introduce you
to…
I don’t think you’ve met…
Examples
I’d like you to meet my colleague Deepesh.
I don’t think you’ve met my boss Connor.
Let me introduce my cousin Pim. or Let me
introduce you to Oceane.
May I introduce my boyfriend Umberto? May I
introduce you to my girlfriend Vasili?
Allow me to introduce Victoria. Allow me to
introduce you to Tygo.
This is my husband Jimmy.
Do you know my friend Florence?
Meet Katya, my daughter.
When you meet somebody, you can say:
Nice to meet you. Pleasure to meet you.

Pleased to meet you. How do you do?
How do you do is formal; Nice to meet you, Pleased to

meet you and Pleasure to meet you are for all
situations.
You can answer: Nice to meet you too.

Pleased to meet you too.
How do you do?
You too.
Nice to meet you too, Pleased to meet you too and

How do you do are formal. You too is informal.
Conversations
Noemi: Hello Paolo. Let me introduce my partner,
Hollie.
Paolo: Hi Hollie, nice to meet you.
Hollie: Nice to meet you too, Paolo.
Hannah: Good afternoon, Amaia.
Amaia: Good afternoon.
Hannah: Allow me to introduce you to my colleague
Pascal.
Amaia: How do you do, Pascal.
Pascal: How do you do.
Pim: Morning Rafiq. Do you know my friend
Raoul?
Rafiq: No, I don’t. Nice to meet you Raoul.
Raoul: You too.
Nadya: Hi Ollie, how’re you?
Ollie: I’m great thanks. This is my cousin, James.
Nadya: Pleased to meet you James.
James: You too.
Milos: Natalya, allow me to introduce my wife,
Rose.
Natalya: How do you do, Rose.
Rose: Nice to meet you.
Aiko: Benjamin, I don’t think you’ve met Scarlet.
Benjamin: Hi Scarlet.
Aiko: Scarlet’s my housemate. Scarlet, this is
Aiko my boyfriend.
Scarlet: Hi Aiko, pleased to meet you.
Zoe: Orlando, I’d like you to meet my good
friend Toril.
Orlando: Nice to meet you, Toril.
Toril: You too.
Misha: Ronnie, this is Aran.
Ronnie: Hey Aran, pleased to meet you.
Aran: Pleased to meet you too.
Erin: Gemma, allow me to introduce you to Aito.
Gemma: Nice to meet you Aito.
Aito: You too.
Joshua: Jessica, may I introduce my boss, Lydia
Cartright?
Jessica: How do you do, Lydia.
Lydia: How do you do.
Amy: This is my daughter, Kalindi.
Gunnar: Hi Kalindi, nice to meet you.
Amy: Kalindi, meet Gunnar, my boyfriend.
Kalindi: Hi.
Dato: Adriano, may I introduce Alessio, my
boyfriend?
Adriano: Hello Alessio, pleasure to meet you.
Alessio: You too.
Emilia: Daisy, meet Alex.
Daisy: Hey Alex.
Who’s that?
You can ask: Who’s this?
Is this…?
You can ask: Who’s that?
Is that…?
Who’s that? and Is

that…? are singular;
You can ask: Who’re they?
Are they…?
Who’re they? and
Are they? are plural.
Who? asks about a person:

Who’s that?
Who’s your boss?
Who lives in that house?
Question Reply
Who’s this? This is…
Is this…? This is…
Who’s that? That’s…
Is that…? That’s…
Who’re they? They’re…
Are they…? They’re…
Conversations
Larisa: Who’s that, Pablo: Owen, is this
Antonella? Niamh?
Antonella: That’s my Owen: Yep. Pablo, meet
friend, Niamh.
Severine.
Alexander: Who’s this, Pablo: Nice to meet
Chloe? you.
Chloe: Alexander, Niamh: Nice to meet you
meet Saskia. too.
Alexander: Hello Saskia. Tatiana: Daw, who’s that?
Saskia: Hi, nice to Daw: That’s my boss.
meet you. He’s called
Cosmo.
Bella: Who’s this? Arashi: No, they’re
boyfriend and
girlfriend!
Emily: This is my
housemate
Savita.
Savita: Hey. Elizabeth: Who’s that,
Laila?
Bella: Hi. Laila: That’s Aram.
He’s a colleague.
Janica: Who’s this? Oscar: Is that your
friend, Amaia?
Sidonie: This is Bai, my Amaia: Yup.
boyfriend.
Janica: Nice to meet
you at last!
Piet: Hi Ondine. Pilar: Hello Mark.
Who’s that? How’re you?
Ondine: That’s my Mark: I’m fine, thanks.
cousin.
Piet: What’s her Pilar: Who’s that?
name?
Ondine: Violet. Mark: That’s my ex-
colleague, Inez.
Piet: How old is
she?
Ondine: 23. Pilar: Is she Spanish?
Piet: Is she from Mark: No, she’s
France? Colombian, but
she lives in
Spain.
Ondine: No, she’s
English.
Archie: Are they your Aram: Who’s this,
friends, David?
Arashi?
Arashi: Yes. That’s David: This is my
right. housemate,
Deepesh.
Archie: What are their Aram: Oh right! Where
names? do you guys
live?
Arashi: Mya and
Debdan.
Archie: Are they Deepesh: We live in
brother and Manchester.
sister?
Using my and your
My
I’m James. or My name’s James.
I live with or My housemate’s
Toby. called Toby.
I work with or My colleague’s
Thierry. called Thierry.
Your
You’re David. or Your name’s David.
You live with or Your housemate’s
Tygo. called Tygo.
You work or Your colleague’s
with Paz. called Paz.
Bobby: Hi Layla! How’re you doing?
Layla: I’m great, thanks. How about yourself?
Bobby: Yes, I’m OK.
Layla: Really?
Bobby: Well, I’m stressed, but I’m fine.
Layla: Who’s this?
Anna: Hi, I’m Anna.
Bobby: Anna’s my girlfriend. Anna, this is my friend
Layla.
Layla: Oh, nice to meet you at last!
Anna: You too!
An Good afternoon, Amari. How’re you?
Toán:
Amari: I’m very well thank you. How’re you?
An I’m fine, thank you.
Toán:
Amari: Allow me to introduce my daughter Bella.
An How do you do?
Toán:
Bella: How do you do?
Amari: Bella, this is my boss, An Toán.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

3 What's your? family like?
Asking about family
You can say:
Do you have a…? Do you have any…? Do you have…?

Have you got a…? Have you got any…? Have you got…?
3.1 a and any after do you have and have you got
Do you have…? is American English, or formal British English;

Have you got…? is slightly informal but can be used in most situations Examples
Formal Informal
Do you have a brother? Have you got a brother?
Do you have a sister? Have you got a sister?
Do you have any cousins? Have you got any cousins?
Do you have any children? Have you got any children?
You can answer:
Positively (+) Negatively (-)

Yes. No.
Yes, I do. No, I don’t.
Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.
Question: Do you…? Answer: Yes I do/No, I don’t
Question: Have you…? Answer: Yes, I have/No, I haven’t.
Examples
Nadya: Do you have a brother?
Ohan: Yes.
Amelia: Have you got any sisters?
Oliver: Yes.
Poppy: Do you have a husband?
Madison: Yes, I do.
Nathan: Have you got an aunt?
Nico: Yes, I have.
Jo: Do you have any cousins?
Johnner: No.
Fia: Have you got any children?
Kai: No.
Henry: Do you have a sister?
Benicia: No, I don’t.
Lucienne: Have you got any grandchildren?
Anika: No, I haven’t.

And you?
How about you?
Yourself?
Do you?
Have you?
A Family
Conversations
Jacob: Do you have any brothers? Estrella: Have you got any brothers?
Alexane: Yes, five. Do you? Jamie: Yes, five. You?
Jacob: No. Estrella: No.
Hugo: Do you have a sister? Torquil: Have you got a sister?
Gioia: Yes. You? Tommy: Yes. Have you?
Jacob: No, I have a brother. Torquil: No, I’ve got a brother.
Katie: Do you have any cousins? Zoe: Have you got any cousins?
Iniko: No, I don’t. Do you? Calla: No, I haven’t. Have you?
Katie: Yes, I have 12 cousins. Zoe: Yes, I’ve got 12 cousins.
3.A How many? Asks about quantity: How many cousins do you have?
Then you can ask: How many… do you have? How many kids have you got?
How many… have you got? How many times a week do you jog?
How many offices do you manage?
You can answer: I have… [+ number]

I’ve got… [+ number]
Or, just the number.
I have is American English, or formal British English.
Conversations
Hannah: How many cousins do you have? Mike: How many uncles have you got?
Nick: I have five. Margret: I’ve got three.
Edwige: How many nieces do you have? Harvey: How many grandchildren have you got?
Clea: I’ve got two. Harry: Seven.
Millie: How many children do you have?
Alessia: Three.

And you?
Yourself?
How about you?
How about you? Is informal.
Conversations
Sophie: Do you have any grandchildren? Leah: Have you got any kids?
Scarlett: Yes. Lexi: Yes, I’ve got three sons.
Sophie: How many? Leah: What are their names?
Scarlett: I’ve got three granddaughters and two grandsons. How about Lexi: Blake, Bruno and Leon. How about you?
you?
Sophie: I don’t have any grandchildren. Leah: I don’t have any kids.
Pilar: How many children have you got? Luciana: I don’t have any children. Do you?
Inez: Three. You? Fyodor: Yes, I have four sons.
Pilar: I’ve just got a daughter. Luciana: Do you have any grandchildren?
James: Do you have any cousins? Fyodor: No, I don’t.
Azizi: Yes I do. Do you? Bailey: How many nieces do you have?
James: Yes I do, I have three cousins. How about you? Eve: Three. And you?
Azizi: I have ten cousins. Bailey: I don’t have any nieces, but I have four nephews.
Jayden: Have you got any brothers or sisters? Signy: How many kids have you got?
Bataar: Yes, I’ve got two brothers and a sister. You? Feodora: Two. Do you have kids?
Jayden: I’ve just got a brother. Signy: No, I don’t, but my sisters do. I have six nieces and
nephews.
What’s your family like?

You can ask: What’s your family like?
You can answer:
My family’s big. We’re fun.

My family’s small. We’re loving.
They’re friendly. We’re a fun family.

They’re quiet. We’re a loving family.
You can also use have and have got to talk about your family, your house etc.:
I have a big family. or I’ve got a big family.

I have two brothers. or I’ve got two brothers.
3.2 The present tense of have For the negative you use don’t and doesn’t. To form questions
you use do or does.
Positive Negative Questions
I have I don’t have do I have?
you have you don’t have do you have?
he/she/it has he/she/it doesn’t have does he/she/it have?
we have we don’t have do we have?
they have they don’t have do they have?
3.3 The present tense of have got The negative uses not. Questions use have or has.
Conversation with have

Barack: What’s your family like, Megan?
Megan: I have a small family. I have one brother, called Nicholas. He’s gay and he has a husband called George. They have a daughter called
Lauren – my niece. Nicholas and I also have a stepfather. He’s called Sam.
Conversation with have got
Billy: What’s your family like, Juana?
Juana: We’re a big family. I’ve got a husband called Pedro, but I’m divorced. My ex-husband’s called Carlos. I’ve got two kids called Miguel and
Rocío. Their dad’s Carlos. Miguel’s got three kids called Jorge, Catarina and María. Miguel’s divorced, and his ex-wife is called Helena.
Rocío is married to Adrien. Adrien is French. They’ve got two kids, Pierre and Soledad.
You can ask: Is your family small?

Is your family friendly?
Is your sister single?
Is your brother divorced?
Are your children married?

Are your grandchildren young?
Does your son have children? or Has your son got children?
Does your husband have sisters? or Has your husband got sisters?
Do your children have children? or Have your children got children?
Do your cousins have husbands? or Have your cousins got husbands?
Conversations
Charlie: What’s your family like, Olivia?
Olivia: It’s quite small.
Charlie: Do you have brothers and sisters?
Olivia: I’ve got one brother.
Charlie: And do you have any children?
Olivia: No, I’m not married. How about you, what’s your family like?
Charlie: We’re a big family. I don’t have any children, but I’ve got four brothers and they all have children. I’ve got seven nieces and five
nephews.
Molly: How many kids have you got?
Janica: I’ve got three sons, but I haven’t got any daughters.
Molly: Do they live with you and your husband?
Janica: No, they live with my ex-husband in Berlin.
Ara: What’s your son called?
Aoki: His name’s Azuma.
Ara: Is he married?
Aoki: Yes. His wife’s called Molly.
Ara: Have they got kids?
Aoki: Nope, but my daughter’s got four kids.
Ara: Oh, is she married?
Aoki: No, but she has a partner called Zara.
Arjun: Are you married, Aroon?
Aroon: Yes.
Arjun: And do you have any children?
Aroon: Yes, we have three daughters.
Arjun: How about grandchildren?
Aroon: I’ve got one granddaughter. And you?
Arjun: I’ve only got one son, but he has seven children.
Larisa: What’s your family like, Antonella?
Antonella: They’re very sociable.
Larisa: Is it a big family?
Antonella: No, it’s small.
Larisa: How many cousins do you have?
Antonella: Only one, but she has four children. How about you?
Larisa: I’ve got three cousins, and they all have children.
Antonella: So your family’s quite big.
Larisa: Yes.
Firoz: Do you have brothers and sisters?
Umberto: No, do you?
Firoz: Yes, I have one sister and two brothers.
Umberto: What are they called?
Firoz: Fanish, Abjit and Nupura.
Umberto: Are they married?
Firoz: Yes, all of them.
Umberto: Do they have children?
Firoz: Fanish and Abjit don’t, but Nupura has two daughters.
Daniel: How many brothers and sisters do you have?
Cormac: I have one sister.
Daniel: What’s her name?
Cormac: Kathleen.
Daniel: Does she have any children?
Cormac: Yes, she has three.
Daniel: Boys or girls?
Cormac: She has two sons and one daughter.
What’s he like? Describing people You can ask: What’s… like?

What’re… like?
What kind of person is…?
What kind of people are…?
Examples
What’s he like? or What kind of person is he?
What’s she like? or What kind of person is she?
What’s your boss like? or What kind of person is your boss?
What’s Ivy like? or What kind of person is Ivy?
What’re they like? or What kind of people are they?
What’re your parents like? or What kind of people are your parents?
What’re Tilly and Manon like? or What kind of people are Tilly and Manon?
3.B What’s… like? always asks for descriptions: What’s your family like?
What’s he like?
What’s England like?
What’re your sisters like?
You can answer: He’s/She’s…

They’re…
He/She has…
They have…
He’s/She’s got…
They’ve got…
Examples
Kyle’s friendly. She’s a talkative girl.
Damiana’s an easy-going person. She’s ambitious.
He’s clever. Mason and Aziza are hard-working.
He’s a lazy man. Tansy and Kiki are shy people.
They’re amusing.
They’re good people.
Laura has a temper. or Laura’s got a temper.
He has a good heart. or He’s got a good heart.
She has a good sense of humour. or She’s got a good sense of humour.
Steph and Kat have tempers. or Steph and Kat’ve got tempers.
They have good hearts. or They’ve got good hearts.
They have a good sense of humour. or They’ve got a good sense of humour.
3.4 Describing people using be, have and have got
Adjectives always go before the noun: He’s a careless boy.

She’s an easy-going person.
You can ask:
Is he…? Does he/she have…? Has he/she got…?

Are they…? Do they have…? Have they got…?
Examples
Be + [adjective] Have + [noun] or have + [adjective] + [noun]
Is Eliza open-minded? Does Zara have a temper?
Is he serious? Does he have a good sense of humour?
Is she honest? Do they have good hearts?
Are they friendly?
Have got + [noun] or Have got + [adjecive] + [noun]
Be + [noun] Has Moritz got a temper?
Is Elodie a liar? Has he got a good sense of humour?
Is he a comedian? Have they got good hearts?
Is she an intellectual?
Be + [adjective] + [noun]
Is Ori a calm person?
Is he an annoying boy?
Is she a confident girl?
Are they curious people?
Conversations
Tristan: What kind of person is Mary-Ann? Zuzanna: What kind of person is your sister, Devak?
Helen: She’s lovely. Devak: She’s a bit clumsy, but she’s really nice.
Tristan: Is she outgoing? Zuzanna: Is she clever?
Helen: Not really, she’s a bit quiet. Devak: She’s quite clever. Why?
Hazel: What’s June like? Zuzanna: Clever people are often klutzes.
Jenny: She’s really fun. Padraig: I hate my dad.
Hazel: Is she nice? Torquil: Why, what’s he like?
Jenny: Yes, she’s lovely. Padraig: He’s an idiot, but he thinks he’s a genius.
Helen: What’s your new boss like? Eleanor: What kind of person is your grandma?
Dominic: He’s impatient, but I think he’s a good person. Lawrence: She’s got a heart of gold.
Helen: Is he generous? Eleanor: Is she very outgoing?
Dominic: Yes. Lawrence: Not really, but she’s very loving, and she’s got a great sense of humour.
Helen: Great.
Maeve: What’s Fiorella like?
Sofia: She’s a lovely person, but she’s not very clever.
Maeve: Is she stupid?
Sofia: No, but she’s not a genius.
When’s his birthday?

You can ask: When’s… birthday?
What date’s… birthday?
Examples
When’s your birthday?
What date’s your birthday?
When’s his birthday?

3.C When? asks about time or date: When’s your birthday?
What date’s his birthday? When were you born?
When does the museum open?
When are you going to England?
When’s her birthday?
What date’s her birthday?
When’s Derek’s birthday?

What date’s Derek’s birthday?
When’s your son’s birthday?

What date’s your son’s birthday?
3.5 Possessives – my, your, his, her, their
You can answer: My birthday’s on…

Your birthday’s on…
His birthday’s on…
Her birthday’s on…
It’s on…
It’s…
On…
or just the date.
Examples
Delphine: When’s your birthday? Jamila: When’s your birthday?
Zachary: My birthday’s on the 12th of April. Esme: It’s on the 14th of November.
Anna: What date’s your birthday? Malia: What date’s his birthday?
Layla: My birthday’s on the 1st of August. Isaac: It’s on the 12th of July.
Daniel: When’s her birthday?
Robin: When’s his birthday? Cosmo: It’s the 6th of February.
Derek: His birthday’s on the 9th of May. Toril: What date’s Ollie’s birthday?
Natalya: What date’s her birthday? Tatiana: It’s the 18th of March.
Zara: Her birthday’s on the 7th of June. William: When’s your birthday?
Tyler: On the 23rd of July.
Laurenza: What date’s his birthday? Jasmine: What date’s Noemi’s birthday?
Bjorn: On the 10th of June. Akim: The 19th of January.
Calandra: When’s her birthday?
Jake: The 5th of December.
You can also ask about other dates, using: When’s…?

What date’s…?
Examples
When’s your anniversary?
When’s your party?
When do you retire?
What date’s your exam?
What date’s your operation?
Conversations
Lizzie: Is it your parents’ anniversary today? Eliana: When’s your birthday, Tyler?
Heidi: No, their anniversary’s on the 12th of June. When’s yours? Tyler: On the 3rd of March. How about you?
Lizzie: The 19th of December. Eliana: The 8th of July.
George: When’s Pascal’s party? Aiden: What date’s your birthday, Bedisa?
Laura: On the 30th of August. Bedisa: On the 3rd of May.
Bjorn: When’s your operation, Lia? Aiden: My sister’s is on the 3rd of May too!
Lia: On the 12th of February. Bedisa: When’s yours?
Lilly: When’s your dad’s retirement party? Aiden: It’s the 11th of June.
Roman: On the 22nd of November. Marjani: When’s your sister’s birthday?
Adam: When’s your birthday? Kia: The 5th of June, but her party’s on the 10th. How about you?
Margaret: The 25th of April. Yours? Marjani: My birthday’s the 26th of December.
Adam: On the 3rd of March. Paige: When’s your English exam, Paloma?
Tamar: Eugenie – what date’s your birthday? Paloma: On the 7th of May.
Eugenie: It’s on the 7th of April. You? Paige: That’s soon!
Tamar: My birthday’s on the 25th of March. Paloma: I know!
Becky: It’s my birthday soon.
Sanne: When?
Becky: The 14th of October.
Sanne: That is soon.
Becky: When’s yours?
Sanne: On the 1st of January.
Becky: Unlucky!
Sanne: I know!
Podcast conversations Binh and Tadeo are at Tadeo’s birthday party…

Binh: Happy birthday! Is today your birthday?
Tadeo: No, it’s the 5th of August.
Binh: Ah. Who’s that? Is that your sister?
Tadeo No, I’ve got three brothers, but I don’t have a sister. That’s my cousin. It’s her birthday today actually.
Binh: She’s beautiful. What’s her name?
Tadeo: Raquel.
Binh: What’s she like?
Tadeo: She has a temper and she’s a bit lazy, but she’s really friendly and fun.
Binh: Introduce me!
Signy and Wolfgang are at Wolfgang’s birthday party…
Signy: Happy birthday!

Wolfgang: Thanks! How are you?
Signy: I’m great thanks! And this is a great party. Do you have a big family?
Wolfgang: Not very big. I only have one sister.
Signy: How about cousins?
Wolfgang: I’ve got ten cousins.
Signy: Ten! How many aunts and uncles do you have?
Wolfgang: Two. My dad has a sister and my mum has a brother.
Signy: Only two? How many children do they have?
Wolfgang: My uncle Georg has six children and my aunt Margret has four.
Signy: So they have big families!
Wolfgang: Yep.
TIME TO TALK
1. Listen to the conversation on the podcast.
2. Repeat it and record your voice on your phone.
3. Listen. Do you sound like the podcast?
4. Talk to Siri/Cortana/OK Google – does the computer understand you?

4 Having fun! Making conversation What do you like?
You can ask: What do you do?
What do you get up to for fun?
What do you like doing in your spare time?
What do you like to do?
What do you get up to…? is informal.
4.A What? asks for

information:
What’s your
name?
What date’s your birthday?
What do you do in your spare time?
You can answer:
I swim. I ski. I watch TV.

I kayak. I paint. I read books.
I cycle. I garden.
I run/I jog. I dance.
You can also use I like: 4.1 Ways of saying I like
to + [verb]
I like [verb]-ing
[noun]
Examples
I like to eat at I like watching TV. I like
restaurants. tennis.
I like to play I like reading the I like films.
football. newspaper.
I like to play chess. I like swimming. I like the
beach.
You can also say: 4.2 Other ways of saying I like. . .
I’m fond
of
[verb]-
I’m ing
keen on [noun]
I’m a
fan of
I enjoy
Examples
I’m fond of playing computer games.
I’m keen on swimming.
I enjoy going to the beach.
I’m a fan of jogging.
I’m fond of chess.

I’m keen on basketball.
I enjoy movies.
I’m a fan of soccer.
I’m a fan of… is informal.
You can say: I’m not…

I don’t like…
4.3 Ways of saying that
you dislike something
Examples
I don’t like to play sports.
I don’t enjoy cooking.
I don’t like the theatre.
I’m not fond of gardening.
I’m not keen on painting.
I’m not partial to the beach.
I’m not a fan of basketball.
You can ask: Do you like….?
4.4: Ways of asking Do you

like…?
Examples
Do you like to read books?
Do you like to watch TV?
Do you like to go to bars?
Do you like going hiking?

Do you like going drinking?
Do you like eating out?
Do you like music?

Do you like restaurants?
Do you like magazines?
You can answer: Yes./Yep.

No./Nope.
Yep and Nope are informal.

Then you can ask: And you?
You?
Yourself?
How about you?
Conversations
Louis: Do you like to paint or draw?
Lars: No, I’m not a fan of art. You?
Louis: I’m keen on art – I like drawing.
Lars: Not painting?
Louis: No, I’m not a fan of painting.
Ruby: What do you like doing in your spare time,
Miguel?
Miguel: I like shopping, and I enjoy dancing and
drinking. Do you like going out?
Ruby: Yes, but I don’t like shopping.
Aroon: Do you like the beach?
Willem: Yep, and you?
Aroon: Yeah, I like the beach.
Willem: Let’s go!
Solange: What do you do for fun, Dylan?
Dylan: I like to read and go walking with my wife.
Solange: Around town or in the countryside?
Dylan: In the countryside. How about you?
Solange: I’m fond of walking too, and I like eating out.
Marine: What do you do in your spare time, Nikos?
Nikos: I garden and I play tennis. And you?
Marine: I play tennis too! Let’s play together.
Remi: What do you like doing for fun?
Soren: I like playing computer games. How about
you?
Remi: I’m not so fond of playing computer games. I
like cooking.
Bourey: What do you get up to in your spare time?
Summer: I go to the theatre and I watch a lot of
movies. You?
Bourey: I’m not keen on movies, I’m more a fan of
horse riding.
Summer: I like going horse riding too.
I prefer…
You can say you like something more by using I
prefer… or I like… better or ...’s better.
4.5 Ways of saying you like

something more
Examples
I prefer to play chess. I like singing better.
I prefer dancing. Soccer’s better.
Conversations
Saskia: What do you do for fun, Laila?
Laila: I go to clubs a lot, and I like listening to
music. You?
Saskia: I like going to clubs, but I prefer to read.
Sophia: What do you in your free time, Rory?
Rory: I cycle.
Sophia: I don’t like cycling. I prefer to jog.
Elizabeth: What do you get up to in your spare time?
Aaron: I play sports – tennis and football. Are you
a fan of football?
Elizabeth: Yes, but basketball’s better.
Connor: What do you like doing in your spare time?
Cilian: I like listening to music. Do you like music?
Connor: Yes I do, but I prefer playing it on the
guitar.
Deodan: What do you like doing for fun?
Venezia: I like sports.
Deodan: Do you like tennis?
Venezia: Yes, but I like playing soccer better.
Valentina: What do you do in your spare time?
Jungho: I sing and I swim.
Valentina: I sing too, but the guitar’s better.
Emily: What do you like to do for fun?
Savita: I like hiking and I play the piano. How
about you?
Emily: I play the piano too, but I’m not a fan of
hiking. I prefer going shopping.
Bataar: What do you like to do in your spare time?
Toby: I go to the beach and I swim.
Bataar: I like swimming but I don’t like the beach -
the swimming pool’s better.
What does he like?

You can ask: Does he/she…?
Do they…?
4.6 Questions with regular

verbs
What do you do for fun? -> What does he do for fun?
->What does she do for
fun?
->What do they do for fun?
What do you like doing -> What does he like doing
for fun? for fun?
->What does she like doing
for fun?
->What do they like doing
for fun?
You might need to use his/her and their:
What do you get up to in -> What does he get up to
your spare time? in his spare time?
->What does she get up to
in her spare time?
->What do they get up to in
their spare time?
What do you like to do in -> What does he like to do
your spare time? in his spare time?
->What does she like to do
in her spare time?
->What do they like to do in
their spare time?
For more on my, your, his/her and their see Grammar

Box 4.7.
You can answer: He/She draws.

They travel.
He/She reads the newspaper.

They read magazines.
He/She watches TV.

They watch movies.
He/She goes to the theatre.

They go to bars.
He/She goes hiking.

They go drinking.
4.7 Regular verbs –

endings with he/she/it
He/She plays chess.
They play basketball.
He/She eats in restaurants.

They eat with friends.
He/She plays music.

They play the guitar.
4.8 he, she and they –

likes, dislikes and
preferences
Examples
He likes to drink.
She likes dancing.
They like the guitar.
He doesn’t like to garden.
She doesn’t like drawing.
They don’t like the piano.
He’s fond of painting.

She’s keen on music.
They enjoy running.
He isn’t a fan of restaurants.
She isn’t a fan of skiing.
They aren’t fans of jogging.
He prefers to cycle.
She prefers kayaking.
They prefer basketball.
He likes swimming better.

She likes cooking better.
They like tennis better.
Singing’s better.
Football’s better.
4.9 Negatives with regular

verbs
You make regular verbs negative using do/does:
I don’t like I don’t swim I don’t go
tennis drinking
you don’t you don’t like painting you don’t cycle
dance
he doesn’t he doesn’t go walking he doesn’t
play kayak
she doesn’t she doesn’t play chess she doesn’t
like it draw
we don’t shop we don’t play the we don’t watch
piano TV
they don’t they don’t read they don’t eat
cycle magazines out
Note that you don’t add -s for the

second verb:
He doesn’t plays. He doesn’t play. ✓

She doesn’t runs. She doesn’t run. ✓
He doesn’t reads. He doesn’t read. ✓
She doesn’t sings. She doesn’t sing.

✓
Conversations
Sven: Does Rachel go to the theatre?
Ottaline: Yes, but she prefers the cinema.
Charlie: What does Leo do for fun?
Leif: He goes walking, cycling, kayaking… he’s
very energetic.
Charlie: Does he play football?
Leif: No, I don’t think so.
Tomasz: You do a lot of sports, don’t you Paolina?
Paolina: Yep.
Tomasz: Do your cousins do sports?
Paolina: No, they like movies better.
Elettra: Do you like your housemates?
Cameron: No.
Elettra: What do they like to do in their spare time?
Cameron: They go out a lot. They like going to bars
and clubs, and they’re keen on dancing.
Elettra: And do you like dancing?
Cameron: No, I don’t. That’s the problem.
Sofia: What does Ori get up to in his spare time?
Rosie: He likes going to the beach and reading.
Sofia: Does he like swimming?
Rosie: No, he prefers reading.
Olivia: What does your husband do in his spare
time?
Amelie: He’s a fan of cooking.
Olivia: That’s useful!
Amelie: Yes – I hate cooking!
At the tennis court…
Holly: Is that your girlfriend?
Laurent: Yes.
Holly: Does she like playing tennis?
Laurent: Yes, why?
Holly: She isn’t happy!
I love it! I hate it!
You can say:
Examples
I adore playing soccer. I don’t really like hiking.
I adore soccer. I don’t really like hikes.
I really love listening to I don’t like dancing very

music. much.
I really love music. I don’t like clubs very
much.
I love doing yoga.

I love yoga. I don’t like drawing.
I don’t like art.
I really like going to

clubs. I hate drinking.
I really like clubs. I hate alcohol.
I like playing chess a lot. I can’t stand playing
I like chess a lot. chess.
I can’t stand chess.
I like playing sports.

I like sports. I really hate playing
soccer.
I really hate soccer.
I don’t mind eating out.
I don’t mind
restaurants.
Why do you like it?

You can ask: Why?
Why do you like it?
Why don’t you like it?
How come?
How come you like it?
How come you don’t like it?
What do you like about it?

What don’t you like about it?
Why…? and How come…? ask for a
reason.
Why don’t you like skiing?
How come you don’t like books?
Why…? is for all situations; How
come? is informal.
You can answer: [noun]’s + [adjective].

I find [noun] + [adjective].
It’s [adjective].
I find it [adjective].
it = something you have

Examples talked about, for example:
Running’s cheap. Lilou: Do you like horse

Basketball’s energetic. riding?
Arjun: Yes, I love it.
Julia: Do you like going
out?
I find football boring.
Stellen: Yes, it’s fun.
I find jogging tiring. Jocasta: Do you like
It’s interesting. reading?
It’s exciting. Haji: Yes, I find it
relaxing.
Mateo: Do you like
playing chess?
I find it boring.
Helen: No, it’s boring.
I find it fun. Mateo: I find it exciting!
Conversations
Kyle: I really love skiing. Do you like it?
Will: Not really, no.
Kyle: What don’t you like about it?
Will: It’s scary.
Tilly: Do you like football, Malia?
Malia: Yes, I love it.
Tilly: Do you prefer watching or playing?
Malia: Oh I hate watching it, but I love playing it.
Marjani: How come you like reading, Luz?
Luz: I think it’s interesting and relaxing. I love it.
Marjani: I’m dyslexic, so it’s not relaxing for me.
Luz: Do you find it difficult?
Marjani: Yes, I really don’t like it.
Didier: I don’t like dancing.
Gaston: Why not?
Didier: It’s really difficult.
Gaston: No it’s not – it’s fun! Just relax.
Didier: You like dancing?
Gaston: I adore it!
Kamali: What do you like doing in your spare time?
Ife: I go running.
Kamali: Really? Why?
Ife: I find it fun.
Kamali: I can’t stand running. It’s too energetic for
me.
Ife: It’s cheap, though.
Vasili: Do you find yoga relaxing?
Pia: No, I don’t really like yoga.
Vasili: How come?
Pia: I find it really stressful.
Vasili: Stressful? Really? Why?
Pia: It’s too difficult for me!
Manon: Why don’t you like watching baseball Lydia?
Lydia: It’s boring.
Manon: I find it really exciting.
Ebba: What do you like doing in your spare time,
Harriet?
Harriet: I like listening to music.
Ebba: What music do you listen to?
Harriet: I prefer rock music. How about you?
Ebba: I love rock music, but my boyfriend hates it.
Harriet: Is that a problem?
Ebba: No, I listen to rock music and he watches
films.
Harriet: What do you do together?
Ebba: We go running and play sports.
Harriet: Which sports do you play?
Ebba: I prefer football but he really likes tennis, so
we play tennis.
Do you play any sports?
Harriet: Not really. I don’t mind yoga, but I hate
energetic sports.
Riley: What does Maddison do for fun, Anja?
Anja: He cooks and he eats out.
Riley: So he likes food?
Anja: He loves food, and he loves drinking too. We
go to bars a lot.
Are you a fan of food?
Riley: I like eating it, but I can’t stand cooking.
Anja: How about your wife?
Riley: She cooks, but she doesn’t enjoy it very
much.
Anja: What do you two do in your spare time then?
Riley: We go for walks.
Anja: In town?
Riley: Yes.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

5 Talking about your daily routine How often do you…?
You can ask:
How often do you…? Do you… a lot?

How frequently do you…? Do you… often?
Remember, for questions you often

use do/does: Do you…?
Does he…?
Does she…?
Do they…?
You can answer:
all the time a lot not often

very often fairly often rarely
loads sometimes hardly ever
quite often occasionally almost never
often now and then never
all the time and loads are informal.

Examples
Abigail: How often do you play football?
Fleur: Never.
Ondine: How often does he sing?
Ryan: Now and then.
Summer: How frequently do you play computer
games?
Megan: All the time.
Rory: How frequently does she play the piano?
Eleanor: Occasionally.
Tomasz: Do you cook a lot?
Paloma: Hardly ever.
Ronnie: Do they go out a lot?
Darcey: Sometimes.
Toby: Do you dance often?
Amelie: Rarely.
Jenson: Does Mike swim often?
Ivo: Fairly often.
How many times…?

You can ask: How many times a…?
Examples
How many times a
day…? How many asks about
number: How many times
How many times a
a week do you sing?
week…?
How many sisters do you
have?
How many times a How many colleagues have
month…? you got?
How many times a
year…?
How many times a day do you go to the café?
How many times a week does he go kayaking?
How many times a month does she dance?
How many times a year do they go to the beach?
You can answer:

Mercedes does yoga once a week.
Twice a month, she sees Helen.
She goes to the theatre once a month.
Three times a week, she works.
She goes to the bar twice a week.
Four times a month, she eats out.
Or you can use every + [singular day] or + week:

Mercedes works every Monday, Tuesday and
Wednesday.
Every week, she does yoga.
She dances every Monday.
Every Friday and Saturday, she goes out.
She dances every week.
Every Saturday, she watches films.
She does yoga every Wednesday afternoon.
You can also say:
on + [plural day]: Mercedes works on Mondays,
Tuesdays and Wednesdays.
She dances on Mondays.
On Fridays and Saturdays, she goes out.
She does yoga on Wednesday afternoons.
On Saturdays, she watches films.
at the weekend or during/in the week: Mercedes

watches films at the weekend.
She works during the week.
At the weekend, she goes to church.
In the week, she does yoga.
5.1 Regular verbs
You can say:

in the + [time of day]
Mercedes works in the morning.
In the morning, she goes to the church.
She does yoga in the afternoon.
She dances in the evening.
In the evening, she goes to the bar.
You can also say: I read a
lot in the summer. You can also use in the… for
He never goes out on seasons: in the spring
Tuesdays.
She dances a lot in the in the summer
evening. in the autumn
We rarely play chess in the winter
on Fridays.
They go kayaking loads at the weekend.
Conversations
Alejandra: Jacob, you like skiing, right?
Jacob: Yes, I love skiing.
Alejandra: How often do you go?
Jacob: Twice a year – every spring and every
winter.
Hanh: Do you go horse riding a lot?
Liam: Yes, we go all the time. How about you?
Hanh: We never go horse riding.
Freya: How often do you watch TV?
Lewis: Twice a day usually, in the morning and in
the evening, for about two hours. Yourself?
Freya: I never watch TV – we don’t have one. My
brother watches TV on his computer
though.
Kalila: How many times a month do you eat out?
Abena: Once or twice. You?
Kalila: I almost never eat out, but I cook all the
time. Do you cook?
Abena: No, I hardly ever cook, but my daughter
cooks for me every Tuesday.
Kalila: And your husband? Does he cook?
Abena: Sometimes – once or twice a week.
Kalila: What do you eat the rest of the time?
Abena: Take away.
Ruby: Do you read every day?
Lucas: Yes, I read twice a day.
Ruby: When?
Lucas: With my coffee in the morning, and in bed
in the evening. Do you read a lot?
Ruby: I read a lot in the winter.
Oliver: Do you like reading?
Finlay: I like it a lot, but I’m too busy.
Oliver: Really? I read every day.
Finlay: When?
Oliver: In the evenings.
Finlay: Oh, I go out in the evenings.
Oliver: So you prefer going out?
Finlay: I guess, but I don’t go out a lot in the
winter.
Luca: Alice, you are so slim! Do you run?
Alice: Yes.
Luca: A lot?
Alice: Quite a lot – four or five times a week. Do
you run?
Luca: Almost never, I hate it.
Estrella: How often do you go to the theatre,
Matilda?
Matilda: Fairly often.
Estrella: Once a month?
Matilda: More like three times a year.
Estrella: That’s not often!
Matilda: How often do you go?
Estrella: Twice a month.
Matilda: Wow, isn’t that expensive?
Estrella: Yes, but I love it.
When do you…?
You can ask: When do you…?
What time do you…?
How early do you…?
How late do you…?
You can answer: At [time].

At [time] in the [time of day].
In the [time of day].
When? asks about time, date or time of day: When

does the museum open? At 9 a.m.
When’s your birthday? The 9th of May.
When do you shower? In the evening.
When were you born? On the 12th of June at 4:45 in
the morning.
What time? asks about time only: What time does the
museum open? At 9 a.m.
What time were you born? At 4:45 a.m.
What time do you shower? At 8 p.m.
How early? and How late? ask about time only: How
early does the museum open? At 9 a.m.
How early were you born? At 4:45 in the morning.
How late do you shower? At 8 p.m.
What time of day? asks about time of day only: What

time of day were you born? In the morning.
What time of day do you shower? In the evening.
Conversations
Dagny: When do you Kian: How early do you
wake up? get home?
Harley: At 6:30. Ingrid: 7:30.
Maisie: When do you get Freddie: What time of day
up? do you cook?
Louis: 7. Matthew: In the evening.
Fyodor: When do you eat Iman: What time of day
breakfast? do you brush your
teeth?
Luciana: At 7 in the Taylor: In the morning
morning. and in the
evening.
Joel: When do you eat Leah: What time do you
lunch? brush your teeth?
Ana: At 1. Georgia: At 7:30.
Isla: How early do you
wake up?
Max: Quite early – at
6.
Luca: What time do Isabel: How late do you
you eat go to bed?
breakfast?
Phoebe: At 7:10 in the Abhayan: Very late, at 1 in
morning. the morning.
Garian: What time do Alice: What time of day
you get dressed? do you call your
mum?
Gaston: 6:45. Bethany: In the afternoon.
Rose: What time do Jack: What time of day
you wake up? do you work best?
Miguel: At 7:30. Luiza: In the morning.
Irin: How late do you
eat dinner?
Ellis: At 9:45.
You can say: I almost never have a shower in the

morning.
I sometimes get up at 6, but sometimes at 8.
I usually get up at 7 during the week, and at 9 at
the weekend.
I get up early to go to church every Sunday.
Every Saturday I go to bed late after clubbing.
On Mondays and Tuesdays I eat lunch at 12, and on
Wednesdays, Thursdays and Fridays I eat at 1.
You can say: at around [time]

at about [time]
Examples
I go to the gym at around 7 in the evening (= 6:50–
7:10) I eat breakfast at around 7:45 (= 7:35–7:55) I
shower at about 8 (= 7:50–8:10) I eat at about 6 p.m.
(= 5:50–6:10)
You can ask: About what time do you…?
Around when do you...?
About when do you…?
Examples
Around when do you get up?
Around when do you leave the house?
About when do you eat breakfast?

About what time do you go to work?

And you?
Yourself?
How about you?
Conversations
Aamina: What time of day do you shower?
Thomas: In the morning. How about you? Do you
shower in the morning or in the evening?
Aamina: During the week I shower in the morning,
but at the weekend I shower in the evening.
Gianna: When do you eat dinner?
Eliana: I usually eat dinner around 7, but my
husband eats quite late, at about 8. How
about you?
Gianna: The kids eat at 6:30, and we eat at 8, when
they’re in bed.
Boris: What a long day!
Lev: It’s 9 o’clock! What time do you usually get
home?
Boris: Around 6.
Adhir: What time does your son wake up, Heidi?

Heidi: About 5 o’clock. But he gets up at 7.
Adhir: What time does he go to school?
Heidi: School starts at 8:55, so we leave the
house at 8:30.
Adhir: And when do you get to work?
Heidi: I usually arrive at about 9:30.
Jackson: Hi Francesca. How’re you doing?
Francesca: I’m tired!
Jackson: How come? What time do you usually wake
up?
Francesca: At about 6. I start work at 6:45.
Jackson: Start work? When do you leave the house?
Francesca: At 6:15.
Jackson: When do you eat breakfast and shower?
Francesca: I eat breakfast at work and I shower in the
evenings.
More detail
To add conditions, you can use when or if:
When I work in London, I or If I work in London, I

get up at 6. get up at 6.
When I go out, I get home or If I go out, I get home
late. late.
When I’m busy, I never or If I’m busy, I never
cook. cook.
I go to bed at 10 when I’m or I go to bed at 10 if I’m
tired. tired.
I get up at 7 when I go or I get up at 7 if I go
kayaking. kayaking.
I eat lunch at 1 when I’m at or I eat lunch at 1 if I’m at
work. work.
You can ask: What time do you get up when you work
in London?
When you work in London, what time do you get
up?
What time of day does he shower if he works from
home?
If he works from home, what time of day does he
shower?
When she goes out, does she get home late?

Does she get home late when she goes out?
If they go to church, do they wake up early?
Do they wake up early if they go to church?
I have breakfast BEFORE I have a shower.

I have a shower AFTER I eat breakfast.
I go to work after I = I shower before I go to

shower. work.
I eat breakfast before I go = I go to work after I eat
to work. breakfast.
You can say: 07:00 I wake up
07:30 I eat breakfast
07:45 I have a shower
08:00 I go to work
You can ask: Does she eat breakfast after she

showers?
Do you eat breakfast before you shower?
Do you eat breakfast before or after you shower?
Conversations
Rhys: How’re you doing, Achala?
Achala: I’m good thanks, but I’m very busy.
Rhys: How come?
Achala: At the moment, I start work every day at 6,
and I don’t get home before 9 in the evening.
Rhys: Do you cook when you get home?
Achala: No, my husband cooks for the kids around
6:30, and I eat when I get home.
Ways to say now, include:
at the moment just now

right now nowadays
for now these days
Holly: Have you got much free time just now, Ife?
Ife: Yes, my course’s finished until September.
These days I sleep late, and I go out almost
every day.
have time
I’m busy. = I don’t have = I don’t have

time. free time.
I’m not busy. = I have time. = I have free
time.
I don’t have = I don’t cook;
time to cook. I’m busy.
I have time to = I read; I’m not
read. busy.
Evan: Are you OK, Caleb?

Caleb: I’m stressed – I have a lot to do!
Evan: Why?
Caleb: My boss and two colleagues are ill, so I have to
do all the work. If they’re not there, I don’t
have time for lunch, I get home very late, and
my children are in bed before I get home.
have to describes obligation: I have

to be at work by 9.
You have to drive on the left in
England.
He has to work every day.
She doesn’t have to work at the
weekend.
You have to show your passport at
the airport.
Harvir: You look relaxed, Afia!
Afia: I am! Both my boss and the kids are on
holiday.
Harvir: So you have a lot of free time?
Afia: Yep! I get up at 7:45, eat breakfast slowly, and
then after breakfast I get the bus at around 9.
Harvir: About what time do you get to work?
Afia: Before 10. If my boss is on holiday, I don’t
have to be at work early.
Jocasta: How often do you go to the cinema, Ebo?
Ebo: Once or twice a month. How about you?
Jocasta: Hardly ever. I don’t have the time to go to the
cinema – during the week I get home around
8:30.
Ebo: What about at the weekend?
Jocasta: At the weekend I go to my boyfriend’s house,
and he doesn’t like the cinema.
Ebo: What do you do?
Jocasta: We usually go out, but sometimes we stay
home and cook. And on Sundays we go to
church.
Ebo: We almost never go to church – we don’t like
getting up before 10 on Sundays!
Jocasta: What time do you get up in the week?
Ebo: I get up at 6:45, and my wife gets up before
me – around 6:30. So we have to sleep on
Sundays!
Jocasta: Fair enough. I usually wake up at 8, so I’m
happy to get up early on a Sunday!
Kristof: How are you doing?
Abanu: I’m OK. Yourself? You look great.
Kristof: Yep, I’m on holiday!
Abanu: Fantastic!
Kristof: Yeah, when I’m on holiday, I sleep a lot and I
eat well because I have time to cook. So I feel
really good. When’s your holiday?
Abanu: We usually go on holiday once or twice a
year, but at the movement I don’t have time.
Kristof: Why’s that?
Abanu: My work’s really busy.
Kristof: Oh dear, I’m sorry. Do you have time to relax,
go out?
Abanu: My wife and I go out every weekend.
Kristof: That’s good.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

6 Are you busy? Making plans Let’s go out!
You can say:
Would you like Let’s…! Do you want

to…? to…?
Shall we? How about
we…?
Would you like to is formal; Do you want to? and How

about we? are informal.
Examples
Would you like to go to
the cinema? To make plans, you often
use go: Let’s go to [+
Let’s go to the
place]
museum!
Let’s go [+ verb] – ing
Shall we go running?
Do you want to go shopping?
How about we go to the shops?
You can answer:
Yes, let’s. Alright. OK. Sure. Yes/Yep/Yeah.

Yes, let’s is quite formal; sure, OK and yep/yeah are
informal.
Or you can say: I don’t really like…

I’m not really a fan of…
I’m not really in the mood.
If you say no, it’s polite to say why.
really is used to be polite in negative

sentences:
I don’t like - I don’t really like

football. > football.
I’m not a fan of - I’m not really a fan
beef. > of beef.
I’m not in the - I’m not really in the
mood. > mood.
You can say: I’m sorry, I can’t.

Thank you, but…
Thanks, but…
I’m sorry, but…
I’d love to, but…
I’m afraid…
Examples
Thank you, but I can’t.
Thanks, but I’m afraid I’m busy.
Sorry, but I don’t really like the beach.
I’d love to, but I can’t.
That’s very kind of you, but I’m not really in the
mood.
I’m afraid I’m not really a fan of shopping.
6.1 Polite ways of saying

no
You can say: Thanks, but I’m afraid I can’t.

I’m sorry, but I’m not really a fan of Indian food.
Sorry, I’d love to, but I can’t.
I’m afraid I can’t, but thank you.
I’m afraid I don’t really like dancing, I’m sorry.
I’m afraid I’m not really in the mood, sorry.
I’d love to, but I can’t, I’m sorry.
That’s very kind of you, but I can’t, sorry.
Conversations
Kamali: Would you like Sven: Would you like to
to dance? see a film with
me?
Haji: Sure. Taj: Sorry, I’d love to,
but I’m afraid I
can’t.
Reuben: Let’s go to the Noah: Would you like to
cinema. go to the rugby?
Fyodora: Alright. Aadi: That’s very kind
of you, but I’m
not really in the
mood.
Louie: Let’s play Lilou: Let’s go skiing.
football.
Joseph: Sure. Lily: I’d love to, but
I’m afraid I can’t.
Seth: Shall we go out Bruno: Shall we go
for dinner? swimming?
Lizzy: OK. Blake: Sorry, but I’m not
a fan of
swimming.
Gracie: Shall we have a Raoul: Shall we eat out?
coffee?
Cameron: Yes, let’s. Nikos: I’d love to, but I
can’t.
Indie: Do you want to Soren: Do you want to
go to a get some pizza?
museum?
Elijah: Yes. Avinash: Thanks, but I
don’t really like
pizza.
Zac: Do you want to Quintana: How about we go
play computer to the park?
games?
Izara: OK. Raffaela: Sorry, I can’t.
Stellen: How about we Paz: How about we go
do some work? for a drink?
Alessio: OK. Paolina: I’d love to, but I
can’t, sorry.
Didier: How about we
go shopping?
Frankie: Sure, OK.
More reasons
I’m busy. I’m frightened of heights.
I don’t know how to I have a doctor’s
dance. appointment.
I have to do some work. I’m allergic to Chinese food.
It’s against my religion. I’ve already seen that film.
When are you free?

You can say: Would you like to go out on Saturday?
Would you like to get a beer at 5?
Let’s go to the US in January.
Let’s go to the cinema next week.
Shall we eat out on Wednesday?
Shall we go to the theatre tonight?
Do you want to go to London tomorrow?
How about we see your parents on the 25th
October?
How about we see a film today?
How about…? is informal.
You can ask: When?
What time?
What kind of time?
What day?
Which day?
What date?
You can add: … are you
free? Question Answer
… do you want to go? When? - 7 o’clock
… shall we go/do it? > Monday
… do you want to do the 20th of
it? April
What - 7 o’clock
… can you do?
time? >
… could you do? What - Monday
day? >
Examples What - the 7th of
date? > January
When are you free?
Which day do you want to go, Monday or Thursday?
When shall we go?
Which date do you want to do it?
When can you do?
What day are you free?
You can ask: Are you free on Thursday?

Do you want to go on the 25th?
Do you want to do it in the afternoon?
Shall we do it on Wednesday?
Can you do 9?
Could you do Monday?
You can say (+): I’m looking forward to it.

That sounds good.
Sounds good.
sounds good is informal.

You can say (-): I can’t do…
I’m not free…
I’m busy…
…’s no good.
…’s not a good time/day/month for me.
… isn’t a good time/day/month for me.
6.2 be has two negative

forms
Examples
I can’t do Thursday.
I’m busy most of January.
Monday’s no good.
This weekend’s no good.
5’s not a good time for me.
The afternoon isn’t a good time for me.
The 7th’s not a good day for me.
February isn’t a good month for me.
Don’t forget the phrases from page 72: I’d love to,
but I can’t do Fridays.
That’s very kind of you, but I’m not free on the 3rd.
Thanks, but I’m afraid I’m busy in June.
I’m sorry, Friday’s no good.
Sorry, the evening’s not a good time for me.
I’m afraid Tuesday isn’t a good day, sorry.
You can use then to talk about a specific

time/day/date:
Orla: Would you like to go out on Saturday?

Michael: Sorry, I can’t do then. (= I can’t do
Saturday.)
Scarlett: Shall we eat out on Wednesday?
Aoki: That’s very kind of you, but I’m afraid I’m
busy then.
(= I’m busy on Wednesday.)
Abhiti: How about we see your parents on the 25th
of October?
Arashi: I’m busy then. (= I’m busy on the 25th of
October.)
You can also use then with see you:
Helen: See you on Monday!

Nancy: See you then!
Sebastian: Let’s go to church on Sunday.
Kat: OK, see you then!
Donard: Do you want to come to dinner on
Thursday?
Jim: Sure, thanks, see you then!
You can say: Are you busy…?

Are you free…?
Shall we… ?
Shall we say…?
Shall we do…?
Let’s…
Let’s say…
Let’s do…
Can you do…?
Could you do…?
How about…?
how about…? is informal.
Examples
Are you busy at 3?
Are you free on Sunday evening?
Shall we see it on the 5th of July?
Let’s go at midday.
Let’s do it on Thursday night.
Let’s meet on the 8th of January.
Shall we say 7 p.m.?
Shall we do Monday?
Can you do 5 p.m.?
Could you do the 11th of July?
How about Friday morning?
6.3 Suggesting when to

meet
6.4 questions with can,

could and shall:
You can say:
I’m not sure. Maybe.

I don’t know if I’m free. I don’t know if I can.
I might be busy. I might not be free.
I’ll have to check. I’ll have to look.
‘ll (will) is used for the future: I’ll check my diary = I

will check my diary I’ll call you = I will call you later
You can ask: What do you want to do?
What are you thinking?
What do you fancy doing?
Conversations
Aftab: Are you free on the 5th of June?
Cilian: I’m not sure, what kind of time?
Aftab: In the afternoon.
Cilian: I might be. What are you thinking?
Aftab: Do you want to go to the cinema?
Cilian: Yes, I do. I’ll check my diary.
Airi: Do you want to go to the beach?
Logan: Thanks, but I’m not really in the mood. Do
you fancy playing computer games?
Airi: Sorry, I’m not really in the mood. It’s sunny!
Let’s go outside!
Logan: How about we go on a walk?
Airi: OK.
Luc: Would you like to go to Paris in the Spring?
Carmen: Yes! I’d love to! When are you thinking?
Luc: April?
Carmen: April’s not a good month for me, I’m really
busy.
Luc: How about May?
Carmen: May’s good. I’m so excited!
Luc: Me too!
Carmen: Let’s buy the tickets today.
Luc: OK!
Aja: Are you busy on Saturday?
Theo: I’m busy in the evening but free during the
day. Why?
What do you want to do?
Aja: Do you fancy going shopping?
Theo: Sure. Where shall we go?
Aja: How about Oxford Street?
Theo: I don’t really like Oxford Street. Do you want
to go to
Brick Lane?
Aja: Yes, OK. See you on Saturday!
Theo: See you then!
6.A Where? asks about place: Where
are you from?
Where do you live?
Where shall we go?
Where shall we meet?
Charlotte: Do you fancy going to a museum this

afternoon?
Lacey: Sorry, I’m not really a fan of museums.
Charlotte: How about a gallery?
Lacey: I don’t really like galleries either, sorry.
Let’s just get a coffee.
Charlotte: OK.
What’s your number?

Number = Phone number
You can ask: Could you tell me your number please?
Could you give me your postcode, please?
Can I have your number please?
Can I take your e-mail, please?
What’s your number?
What’s your address?
You can say (+): Sure, it’s….
OK. I’ll text you
Alright, do you have a pen?
Of course, I’ll give you a missed call Certainly, I’ll
email it to you Absolutely, it’s….
Certainly and absolutely are formal.
Examples
It’s 07703 = It’s zero double seven zero three, four
426193. two six, one nine three.
It’s 212 896 = It’s two one two, eight nine six, five
5873. eight seven three.
It’s 01273 = It’s oh one two seven three, four nine
492342. two, three four two.
For seven seven, you can say ‘double seven’

For zero, you can say ‘oh’
Conversations
Elodie: Can I have your mobile number?
Kaiden: Sure. It’s zero seven seven, five seven eight,
nine zero one, two four.
Elodie: Thanks.
Kaiden: Can I have yours?
Elodie: Sure, I’ll give you a missed call.
Maya: What’s your number?
Fritz: Home or cell?
Maya: Cell.
Fritz: Three one five, five seven zero, nine one, one
two. What’s yours?
Maya: I’ll text you.
Jamila: What’s your address?
Ivy: 33 Cross Street, London.
Jamila: And your post code?
Ivy: N1 2BA.
Jamila: Great. Thanks!
Kristof: Could you give me your address?

Max: Certainly. I’ll e-mail it to you tonight.
Kristof: Thank you!
George: Do you want to go out tonight?
Ethan: I’m sorry I can’t. I’m busy. How about
tomorrow?
George: I’d love to but I’m busy! Are you free next
Friday?
Ethan: Yes!
George: Great, let’s go out!
Ethan: Do you want to go clubbing?
George: I’m afraid I don’t really like clubbing. Do you
fancy going to dinner?
Ethan: Sure.
George: Chinese?
Ethan: I’m not really a fan of Chinese food.
George: Mexican?
Ethan: Alright. Sounds good. I’m looking forward to
it.
George: See you on Friday!
Ethan: Yep. See you then.
Faith: Are you busy tomorrow, Matilda?
Matilda: I’m not sure. Why?
Faith: Do you fancy having a drink?
Matilda: Yes, sure! What time are you thinking?
Faith: How about 6?
Matilda: 6 isn’t great. Can you do 8?
Faith: Yep, 8’s good.
Matilda: Great.
Faith: Can I have your number?
Matilda: Of course. It’s oh seven eight nine one,
double three two, five four one.
Faith: Thanks. I’ll give you a missed call.
Matilda: Cheers.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?
7 Visiting places What’s your town like?
You can ask: What’s… like?
What kind of …. is …..?
Examples
What’s Glasgow like?
What’s your country like?
What’s your town like?
What kind of city is Cardiff?

What kind of country is Paraguay?
What kind of town is Horsham?
This is similar to describing families and people – see

pages 25 and 1.
You can answer: It’s [adjective].

It’s a/an [noun].
It’s a/an [adjective] [noun].
Examples
It’s polluted.
It’s beautiful.
It’s a dump.
It’s a tourist trap.
It’s a boring town.

It’s an exciting city.
You can ask:
Is it [adjective]? Is it interesting?
Is it a/an [noun]? Is it a village?
Is it a/an [adjective] [noun]? Is it an interesting town?
Examples
Is it nice?
Is it beautiful?
Is it a metropolis?
Is it a pretty place?
Is it a busy city?
You can say:
Is it [adjective] to [verb]? Is it good to visit?

It’s [adjective] to [verb]. It’s good to visit.
Examples
Is it a fun place to visit? It’s a fun place to visit.
Is it a friendly village to It’s a friendly village to
live in? live in.
Is it a nice town to work
It’s a nice town to work in.
in?
You can say: I like London.
You can’t stand Kent.
He loves Melbourne.
Helen doesn’t mind Nottingham.
We don’t really like Oxford.
Romily and I like Dusseldorf a lot.
They adore Poland.
Nick and Hannah really like Greece.
You can say:

I find it…
For me, it’s ...
It’s ....for children/him
Examples
I find it exciting.
You’ll find it boring to visit.
He finds it frightening.
Archie finds it relaxing.
They find it interesting.

For James, it’s a good place to live in.
It’s an exciting town to visit for Francesca.
For my children, it’s boring.
It’s boring for him.
7.1 Pronouns after for

Adding information:
Examples
It’s polluted and ugly.
It’s beautiful but boring.
Horsham’s a nice place to visit, but it’s boring to
live in.
London’s exciting to live in and to visit.
Liverpool’s fun to visit, but difficult to find work in.
Lisbon is a beautiful city to visit, and it’s great to
work in.
Milan is great for Tristan, but I find it too big.
London’s an expensive place to stay, but a good
place to go to the theatre.
The description (adjective) comes before the thing

(noun).
7.2 Position of adjectives

Conversations
Aakar: What kind of place is your hometown?
Xanthe: It’s big and exciting, a great place to live.
Aakar: You like it then?
Xanthe: Yeah, I love it, but my mum hates it.
Aakar: How come?
Xanthe: She finds it noisy and frightening.
Milos: Where are you from, Rosie?
Rosie: I’m from a village in Scotland called
Auchenheath.
Milos: What’s it like?
Rosie: It’s a beautiful little place.
Milos: Is it nice to live in?
Rosie: It’s quite boring to live in, but it’s good to
visit, and it’s good for my dad.
Teddy: Where do you live, Sandrine?
Sandrine: In Cambridge.
Teddy: Is it a good place to live?
Sandrine: It’s fantastic to visit.
Teddy: Is it?
Sandrine: Yes, it’s really beautiful, and very
historical.
Teddy: Is it good to live in?
Sandrine: It’s great for some people, but I don’t really
like it. It’s too quiet. Whereabouts do you
live?
Teddy: In a small village in Wales.
Sandrine: Do you like it?
Teddy: Yes, I love it, but my wife finds it boring.
Rebecca: What’s your country like, Fernanda?
Fernanda: It’s warm, beautiful and friendly. I love it.
How about you? What kind of country is
America?
Rebecca: America’s really big – it’s different in
different places!
Fernanda: What part are you from?
Rebecca: Ohio.
Fernanda: And what’s that like?
Rebecca: It’s not very exciting, but it’s home. I love
it.
What is there?
You can ask: What does… have?
What has… got?
What is there in…?
Examples
What does Turkey have?
What has Uzbekistan got?
What is there in London?
You can answer: It has …
It’s got…
There’s…
There are…
Examples
It has a cinema.
It’s got a zoo and a cathedral.
There are a lot of parks.
There’s a famous bridge in San Francisco.
7.3 there be says what

exists
You can ask: Does… have…?
Has… got…?
Is there…?
Are there…?
Examples
Does Oxford have two universities?
Does it have any cafés?
Has Nairobi got nice shops?
Is there a park?
Are there any nice restaurants in Sofia?
7.4 does it have, has it got

and are there
Conversations
Guadalupe: Where are you from, Eva?
Eva: I’m from the US.
Guadalupe: Whereabouts?
Eva: I come from a big town in Louisiana.
Guadalupe: Does it have any good museums?
Eva: It’s got two big museums and three small
ones. There’s also a gallery.
Luiza and Joaquin are planning a trip…
Luiza: Where shall we go?

Joaquin: Let’s go to London.
Luiza: What is there to do in London?
Joaquin: Everything! London’s really big. There are
restaurants, theatres, cinemas, galleries,
museums…
Luiza: OK, let’s go.
Jackson and Lewis are on a trip…
Jackson: Where are we?

Lewis: Goolwa.
Jackson: Is there a hotel here?
Lewis: Yeah.
Jackson: Good, let’s rest for the night. I’m tired.
Delphine: I hate my town.
Tommy: Why?
Delphine: There’s nothing to do and nothing to see.
Tommy: It has a good pub.
Delphine: But there isn’t anything good to eat or
drink there.
What’s your town known

for?
You can ask: What’s… known for?
What’s… famous for?
You can answer: It’s known for its…
It’s famous for its…
For its…
its
If something belongs to something,
e.g to a town, use its: London’s big. It
has a lot of shops. It’s known for its
shops.
York’s interesting. It has an
interesting history. It’s famous for its
history.
It’s known for having [noun]
It’s famous for having [noun]
For having [noun]
It’s
It’s = it is. This is different to its.
New York. It’s famous for its yellow
taxis. = New York is famous for the
yellow taxis it has.
It’s known for being [+ adjective]

It’s famous for being [+ adjective]
For being [+ adjective]
Examples
It’s known for its church.
It’s famous for its architecture.
For its restaurants.
It’s known for having good theatres.
It’s famous for having beautiful parks.
For having good shops.
It’s known for being very quiet.
It’s famous for being a stressful place.
For being a rip-off.
You can also ask: Is… known for…?

Is … famous for…?
Examples
Is Rio de Janeiro known for its Carnival?
Is it famous for being polluted?
Conversations
Ebba: Where are you from, Ebele?
Ebele: I’m from Orlu in Nigeria.
Ebba: What’s it like? Is it big?
Ebele: It’s quite big – it has a hospital.
Ebba: Is it pretty?
Ebele: It’s OK. I like it.
Ebba: What’s it known for?
Ebele: For its history.
Ebba: Its history?
Ebele: Yes, the civil war.
Justine: Where are you from, Rae?
Rae: Nottingham, it’s known for its history.
Justine: What history?
Rae: Robin Hood’s from Nottingham.
Justine: Oh yes!
Rae: It’s also got a good university.
Gustavo: Where are you from, Bruno?
Bruno: Rio de Janeiro.
Gustavo: Is it a fun place to live?
Bruno: Well yes. It’s known for its carnival!
Gustavo: Is it famous for anything else?
Bruno: Its beach.
Gustavo: Nice!
Bruno: Yup, it’s a great place to live.
Kai: What’s your hometown like, Tibor?
Tibor: It’s not a town, it’s a city.
Kai: So it’s big?
Tibor: Pretty big, yes.
Kai: Which city is it?
Tibor: Budapest.
Kai: In Hungary?
Tibor: Yes.
Kai: Is that the capital?
Tibor: Yep.
Kai: So it has a lot to do?
Tibor: Yes, I love going out in Budapest, there are
some great bars.
Kai: Is it busy?
Tibor: Quite busy, but not crowded. Lively!
Kai: And is it safe?
Tibor: Yeah. There’s some crime, but it’s not
dangerous.
Lacey: What’s your hometown like?
Stanley: I don’t come from a town, I come from a
village.
Lacey: Aw, that’s nice. What’s it called?
Stanley: Hayfield.
Lacey: What’s it like?
Stanley: It’s small and pretty, very quiet.
Lacey: Is there much to do?
Stanley: It’s known for its beautiful countryside… so if
you like walking, there is!
Lacey: There aren’t any shops?
Stanley: It has two shops, one church and a post
office.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

8 How do I get there? Directions in town
How do I get to the

supermarket?
You can say:
Excuse me.
Sorry.
You can ask:

Where’s the…?
Where can I find the…?
How do I get to the…?
How can I get to the…?
Examples
Where’s the supermarket?
Where can I find the hospital?
Where can I find the shopping centre, please?
How do I get to the train station?

How can I get to the post office, please?
Country differences
US UK
mall shopping centre
store shop
gas station petrol station
laundromat launderette
drugstore pharmacy/chemist
can works like be in questions:
I can -> can I?

you can -> can you?
he/she/it can -> can he/she/it?
we can -> can we?
they can -> can they?
Conversations
Achala: Excuse me. Ella: Sorry – how do I
get to the shoe
store?
Afia: Yes? Isaac: Walk along the
road and it’s on the
right.
Achala: Where can I find Ella: Thank you!
the supermarket?
Afia: It’s up this street, Achala: Thanks!
on your left.
Is there a supermarket
here?
You can say:
Is there a/an…. near/around here?
Is there a/an … in this….?
Is there a/an…… nearby?
Where can I find a/an …?
Examples
Is there an ‘Apple’ shop near here, my ipad’s
broken?
Is there a train station in this village?
Is there a supermarket nearby?
Where can I find a bakery?
To say the type of shop (UK) or store

(USA), you say what it sells (… store /
…shop):
bookshop / pet shop / store

bookstore sports shop / store
shoe shop / store electronics shop /
clothes shop / store
store
BUT:
supermarket butcher (meat)

fishmonger (fish)
bakery
(bread)
Examples
Is there an electronics shop near here?
Is there a pet store near here, please?
Is there a sports shop around here, please?
Is there a bookshop nearby?
Is there a supermarket in this area?
Conversations
Molly: Excuse me. Is there a Lauren: Hi. Where
bookshop around here? can I find
a
hospital?
Mary: Yes. Pippa: It’s next
to the
university.
Molly: How do I get there, please? Michelle: Sorry, is
there an
ATM near
here?
Mary: Go along this street till you Hannah: Yes, it’s
see the cinema, and you’ll round the
see it on your left. corner.
Listen for the key words Can you tell

me where the church is?
Do you know where the petrol
station is?
Could you tell me if there’s a
hospital around here?
Would you mind telling me where I
can find a hotel?
It’s not important to understand
everything - just the key words.
It’s next to the bank
Where is it? It’s….

On the left of: The museum’s on the left of the library.
On the right of: The library’s on the right of the
museum.
Next to: The café is next to the hospital. The
bookshop is next to the hotel.
Between: The Church is between the bank and the
bakery.
Opposite: The Restaurant’s opposite the museum.
In front of: There’s a fountain in front of the school
Behind: The school is behind the fountain. The Park’s
behind the bookshop and hotel.
On the same side of: The Bakery’s on the same side of
the street as the Bank, the Church and the Library On
the opposite side of: The Church is on the opposite
side of the street to the hotel.
Around the corner from: The restaurant’s around the
corner from the Church.
Talking about town

You can say:
The centre has a lot of shops.
There’s a cinema in town. (= in the centre) The
shopping district’s got two sports shops.
There are a lot of museums in the old town.
The outskirts haven’t got many shops. (= out of the
centre, the edge of town) There are two churches in
this neighbourhood. (= residential area) There’s a big
park in that area.
Conversations
Oriana: Excuse me, is there Carmen: It’s on the left
a mosque around of the theatre.
here?
Soren: Yes, it’s next to the Fernanda: Sorry, where
library, opposite are the shops?
the bakery.
Stellen: Excuse me, Sam: They’re in the
where’s the centre – on the
swimming pool? other side of
the bridge.
Go straight ahead
You can say:
Go left.
Go right.
Go straight ahead.
You can say:

Examples
Take the first left/right.
Take the third road on your left.
Take the second turning on your right.
See the ordinals (first, second, third etc.) on page

174.
It’s the first left/right.
It’s the fifth road on your left.
It’s the second turning on your right.
Turn left at the supermarket.
Turn right at the theatre.
Turn left when you get to the roundabout.
Turn right when you get to the park.
You can say:

’ll is about the future:
You’ll see it…
We’ll be there at 5.
You’ll find it…
I’ll see you tomorrow.
It’ll be…
Examples
You’ll see it on your left.
You’ll see it in front of you.
You’ll find it next to the supermarket.
It’ll be opposite the cinema.
Conversations
Megan: Where’s the mosque, Angel: Thank you!
please?
Eleanor: Go straight ahead and Oscar: Hi, where can
keep going until you I find the
reach the roundabout, bookshop,
then turn left and you’ll please?
see it on your right.
Angel: Excuse me, where is the Owen: Keep going
ATM? down the hill,
take the third
right and then
cross the road
at the traffic
lights.
Ronnie: Take the second turning Oscar: Cheers!
on your left and you’ll
see it.
How far away is it?

You can ask:
How far away is it?
Is it far?
Is it close?
How long does it take to get there?
You can answer: It’s

quite close. about shows that the
answer is approximate.
It’s not very far.
You can also say: more or
It’s pretty far. less
It takes [time] around about
It takes about [time] approximately
It’ll take you [time]
or just the time
Examples
It takes 2 minutes.
It takes about an hour by foot.
It’ll take you 5 minutes by car.
It’ll take you about half an hour.
5 minutes.
You can also say: It’s [distance/time] away.

It’s about [distance/time] away.
Examples
It’s 2 minutes away.
It’s about an hour away.
It’s 1 km away.
It’s about 3 miles away.
It’s 20 metres away.
It’s about 100 yards away.
10 miles.
Conversations
Achala: Excuse me, where is the police station,
please?
Afia: Just carry on down this road.
Achala: Is it far?
Afia: About forty-five minutes on foot.
Ethan: Excuse me. Is there a mall near here?
Lev: There’s one in town.
Ethan: How long does it take to get there?
Lev: About half an hour by bus.
Ethan: How can I get to the bus stop?
Lev: It’s just round the corner. Take the first right.
It’ll take you two minutes.
Iman stops Taylor by the
church…
Iman: Excuse me.
Taylor: Yes?
Iman: How can I get to the gym?
Taylor: Keep going straight ahead, and you’ll see it on
your right.
Iman: Is it far?
Taylor: No, not at all, it’ll take you 5 minutes.
Iman: Thank you!
Taylor: No worries!
Joshua stops Ibo next to the bookshop…

Joshua: Sorry, how do I get to the mall?
Ibo: Take the first right and take the second exit at
the roundabout. Then at the traffic lights, turn
right, and it’ll be on your left.
Joshua: Great, thank you!
Ibo: No problem.
Lucy stops Anika by the park…
Lucy: Excuse me, Is there a supermarket nearby?

Anika: Yes. Turn left at the roundabout, and you’ll find
it on your right.
Lucy: How far is it?
Anika: Not far, it’s only a few minutes away.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

9 Visiting the doctor I’d like to make an appointment
When you visit your doctor,
You can say: Excuse me.
The receptionist might say: Yes?

Can I help you?
How can I help?
What can I do for you?
You can say: I’d like…

I need…
I’d like is polite; I need is urgent.
Examples
I’d like an appointment.
I’d like a blood test.
I’d like to make an appointment
I need a prescription.
I need the bathroom.
I need to see the doctor.
9.1 I’d like and I need
The receptionist might ask: Why?
What for?
What’s it for?
Do you need to see a doctor or a nurse?
Is it an emergency?
Listen for the important words: Can I

ask why?
Could you tell me what for?
Do you mind if I ask what it’s for?
Could you tell me if you need to see a
doctor or a nurse?
Would you mind telling me if it’s an
emergency?
Conversations
Receptionist: Can I help?
Yes, I’d like to make an appointment,
Ryan:
please.
Receptionist: Do you need to see a doctor or a nurse?
Ryan: I’m not sure.
Receptionist: What’s it for?
Ryan: I need a blood test.
Receptionist: Right, that’ll be the nurse then.
Receptionist: Yes?
Marit: I need to see the doctor.
Receptionist: Could you tell me why?
Marit: I need to renew a prescription.
The receptionist might also ask: Who’s your doctor?

What’s your doctor’s name?
Can I take your doctor’s name, please?
9.A Who? asks about people: Who’s

your doctor?
Who’s your boss?
9.B What? asks for information:

What’s your name?
What’s your sister like?
Could I have your name, please?

What’s your date of birth?
Can I take your date of birth, please?
Listen for the important words: Can I

ask who your doctor is?
Could you tell me your name, please?
Is it OK if I take your address?
Would you mind telling me your date
of birth, please?
What’s your address?

Can I take your number, please?
Conversations
Receptionist: How can I help?
Phoebe: I need to make an appointment.
Receptionist: OK, could I have your doctor’s name?
Phoebe: Dr Lamb.
Would you mind telling me your date of
Receptionist:
birth?
Phoebe: The 9th of June, 1982.
Receptionist: And your name?
Phoebe: Phoebe Richards.
Joseph: I’d like to see the doctor, please.
Receptionist: What’s your name?
Joseph: Joseph Smithers.
Receptionist: And your date of birth?
Joseph: The 21st of November, 1963.
Receptionist: Your doctor’s Dr McAlester, yes?
Joseph: Yes, that’s right.
The receptionist might ask: How about…?

Can you do…?
Could you do…?
Does… work for you?
Are you free…?
Examples
How about the 25th of April at 10?
Can you do 9 o’clock?
Could you do tomorrow afternoon?
Does 4:30 work for you?
Are you free on Monday afternoon?
You can answer (+): Yes./Yep.

Sure./OK.
Yes, that’s fine.
Yes, that’s great.
yep, sure and OK are informal.
Or you can say (-): No, sorry.

I’m afraid not.
I’m sorry, I’m busy.
I’m afraid I can’t do…
sorry and I’m afraid are polite.
Then you can say: How about…?

Would… be possible?
Examples
Receptionist: Can you do 5:30?
Cameron: I’m afraid not. That’s too late for me.
Receptionist: Hmm, how about 2?
I’m afraid I can’t do 2. How about
Cameron:
tomorrow?
Receptionist: 11?
Cameron: Sure.
Receptionist: Are you free on the 25th?
Charlie: Sorry, no.
How about the 26th, does that work for
Receptionist:
you?
Charlie: Is the afternoon possible?
Receptionist: 3 o’clock?
Charlie: Yes, that’s fine.
Conversations
Orlando: Hi.
Receptionist: Hi. What can I do for you?
Orlando: I’d like to see the nurse, please.
Receptionist: Can I ask what it’s for?
Orlando: I need to do a blood test.
Receptionist: OK. Are you free this afternoon?
Orlando: What time?
Receptionist: Would 4 o’clock work for you?
Orlando: Can I do earlier in the day?
Receptionist: 10 past 3?
Orland: Yes, that’s great, thanks.
Natalya: Excuse me.
Receptionist: Yes? How can I help?
Natalya: I need to make an appointment.
Receptionist: To see the doctor or the nurse?
Natalya: The doctor, please.
Receptionist: What’s your doctor’s name?
Natalya: He’s Dr McGee.
Receptionist: OK. How about Wednesday at 3?
I’m afraid I can’t do Wednesday
Natalya:
afternoons. Is the morning possible?
Sorry, no, he’s busy all morning. Could
Receptionist:
you do Thursday?
Natalya: What time?
Receptionist: I have 10:15, 12:30 or 4:45.
Natalya: 12:30, please.
Receptionist: OK. Can I take your name?
Natalya: Natalya Anisimov.
Receptionist: How do you spell that, sorry?
Natalya: N–A–T–A–L–Y–A, A–N–I–S–I–M–O–V.
Receptionist: Thank you. What’s your phone number?
Natalya: Home or mobile?
Receptionist: Mobile.
Natalya: 07504346312.
Receptionist: Thank you.
What seems to be the
trouble?
The doctor will ask: What’s the trouble?
What seems to be the trouble?
What’s the matter?
What’s troubling you?
What’s worrying you?
To talk about something happening

now, you can use be + -ing: What’s
troubling you? (trouble -> troubling)
What’s worrying you? (worry ->
worrying) I’m learning English. (learn
-> learning)
What’s wrong?
What seems to be wrong?
What are your symptoms?
How can I help?
You can say: I’m [+ adjective] or I feel [+ adjective]
Examples
I’m sick. or I feel sick.
I’m dizzy. or I feel dizzy.
I’m tired. or I feel tired.
Or you can say: I have or I’ve got a [+ noun]
Examples
I have a headache. or I’ve got a headache.
I have a sore throat. or I’ve got a sore throat.
I have a temperature. or I’ve got a temperature.
You can also say: My [Singular] hurts.
My [Plural] hurt.
I have… pain.
I’ve got… pain.
It hurts here. (Show the doctor.)
Examples
My head hurts.
My stomach hurts.
My chest hurts.
My arms hurt.
My feet hurt.
My head hurts. = I have a headache.

My stomach I have a
=
hurts. stomachache.
My back hurts. = I have backache.
I have a sore
My throat hurts. =
throat.
I have back pain.

I have chest pain.
I’ve got neck pain.
I’ve got a stomach pain.
You can say: A little bit a bit quite a lot a lot It hurts a
little bit.
My sinuses hurt a bit.
My back hurts quite a lot.
My neck hurts a lot.
You can say: I can’t…

I find it difficult to…
Examples
I can’t sleep.
I can’t walk.
9.2 can doesn’t conjugate
I find it difficult to breathe.

I find it difficult to relax.
The doctor might ask: Are you [+ adjective]?

Do you feel [+ adjective]?
Do you have a [+ noun]?
Does your [body part] hurt?
Can you [+ verb]?
Do you find it difficult to [+ verb]?
Examples
Are you tired?
Do you feel weak?
Do you have a temperature?
Do your ears hurt?
Can you walk?
Do you find it difficult to wake up?
You can answer:
yes sometimes
sort of more or less
no a bit
Conversations
Hello, Fabienne. What seems to be the
Dr Abel:
trouble?
Fabienne: My head and my eyes hurt a lot.
Dr Abel: Do you feel dizzy?
Fabienne: Sometimes.
Dr Abel: Do you have a sore throat?
Fabienne: Yes.
Dr Jones: Good morning, Billy. How can I help?
Billy: I feel sick.
Dr Jones: Do you feel very sick, or just a bit sick?
Billy: I feel very sick.
Dr Jones: And does your stomach hurt?
Billy: Yes.
Dr Jones: Where?
Billy: Here.
Jacob: Good afternoon, Dr Sitaridou.
Dr
Hello, Jacob. What’s the trouble?
Sitaridou:
Jacob: My ankle’s twisted.
Dr Is it swollen at all?
Sitaridou:
Jacob: A bit.
Dr
Can you walk?
Sitaridou:
Jacob: Sort of. I find it difficult to walk.
How often do you feel

sick?
If you do something very often, you can say: I keep
[+verb-ing].
Examples
I keep sneezing.
I keep vomiting.
I keep getting dizzy.
I keep falling over.
I keep falling asleep.
I keep fainting.
9.3 keep + -ing

You can also say: My head keeps hurting.
My legs keep hurting.
My back keeps hurting.
The doctor might ask: How often…?

… a lot?
… often…?
Examples
How often does your head hurt?
How often do you feel sick?
Do you feel weak a lot?
Do you have backache a lot?
Are you often tired?
Do your eyes often hurt?
You can answer:
all the time fairly often rarely

very often sometimes hardly ever
loads occasionally almost never
quite often now and then never
often not often
a lot
all the time and loads are informal.

You can also say:
in the mornings
every day at night
in the afternoons
every night at mealtimes
in the evenings
Or, you can say: once a…

twice a…
three times a…
four times a…
Examples
once an hour
twice a day
three times a week
four times a day
You can say: about

around
around about
more or less
approximately
Examples
about three times a day
around twice a week
around about three times an hour
every day, more or less
approximately four times an hour
The doctor might ask: When?

What time of day?
What kind of time?
You can answer: at [time]

in the [time of day]
at night
before [event]
after [event]
Examples
after
at 7 in the before lunch
o’clock morning breakfast after
at 10:30 in the before night work
afternoon
before work after
in the meals
evening
at night
Or, you can say: It varies.

It differs.
It depends.
Conversations
Dr
How often do you feel dizzy, Tom?
Owen:
Tom: About three times a day.
Dr
Do you know when?
Owen:
Tom: Often after meals.
Izara: I keep being sick.
Dr
How frequently?
Morris:
Izara: Twice a day, more or less.
Dr
What time of day?
Morris:
It varies. Sometimes in the morning,
Izara:
sometimes in the afternoon.
Dr
Does your throat hurt a lot?
Oldham:
Bob: Yes, all the time.
Abhiram: My sinuses keep hurting.
Dr
Do they hurt often?
Thomas:
Abhiram: Quite often.
Dr
Do you know what kind of time they hurt?
Thomas:
Abhiram: In the mornings and in the evenings.
How long have you been

ill?
The doctor might say: How long have…?
How long has…?
How Long…? Asks about a

period of time Examples
How long have you been
Are you dizzy? Yes
dizzy?
Do you feel sick? Yes How long have you felt sick?
How long have you had a
Do you have a rash? Yes
rash?
Does your head How long has your head
Yes
hurt? hurt?
9.4 Using have + [past

participle] to talk about
the recent past (the
present perfect)
Conversations
Dr Costa: How long have you been tired?
Lexi: 3 months.
Dr Carr: How long have you felt weak?
Blake: 2 weeks.
Dr Kantaris: How long have you had a temperature?
Layla: A few days.
Dr Griffin: How long has your ear hurt?
Imogen: About a week.
Dr Lisboa: How long have your hands been numb?
Quintana: More than a week.
I’ve broken my leg

To talk about something that happened in the recent
past, you can say I’ve + [past participle]. See Table
9.5.
Examples
be: I’ve been sick. hit: I’ve hit my head.
break: I’ve broken my sprain: I’ve sprained my
leg. wrist.
faint: I’ve fainted. twist: I’ve twisted my ankle.
fall: I’ve fallen over. vomit: I’ve vomited.
ago
2 hours
10:15 = 8:15
ago
The doctor might ask: Monday 2 days = Saturday
When? ago
How long ago? I month
April = March
ago
10
2016 years = 2006
Or, the doctor might ask: ago
How many times?
Conversations
Aafreen: I’ve broken my leg.
Dr Smith: When did that happen?
Aafreen: This morning.
Dr Smith: How long ago?
Aafreen: 2 hours ago, at about 10 o’clock.
Dr
What seems to be the problem?
Jameson:
Aamina: I’ve been sick.
Dr
How many times have you been sick?
Jameson:
Aamina: Just once.
Dr
And when was it?
Jameson:
Aamina: Around 8:30, about 30 minutes ago.
Dr
Can I help?
Gutierrez:
I hit my head and I think I’ve broken my
Raquel:
nose.
Dr
How long ago did this happen?
Gutierrez:
Raquel: About 4 hours ago.
Dr
So, this morning?
Gutierrez:
Raquel: Yes.
Dr Logan: Have you been sick?
Sandrine: Yes.
Dr Logan: How many times?
Sandrine: Five times, I think.
Dr Logan: How long ago was the first time?
Sandrine: It was after breakfast, at about 8.
I think you have the flu

To give an opinion, you (or the doctor) can say: I
think…
I may…
You may…
Examples
You: Doctor:
I think I’ve broken my I think you’ve broken your
leg. leg.
I may have broken my You may have broken your
leg. leg.
I think I have the flu. I think you have the flu.
I may have the flu. You may have the flu.
Conversations
Dr Ying: What’s worrying you?
Aadi: I think I have the flu.
Dr Ying: What are your symptoms?
I feel dizzy, I’m tired, my head hurts and I
Aadi:
keep sneezing.
Dr Ying: Yes, you may have the flu.
Dr What are your symptoms?
Simpson:
Max: I keep vomiting, and I feel sick and tired.
Dr
I think you may have a stomach bug.
Simpson:
Dr Spin: What’s the trouble?

Rebecca: I think I’ve broken my ankle
Dr Spin: Is it swollen?
Rebecca: Yes.
Dr Spin: Does it hurt?
Rebecca: Yes.
Dr Spin: How much?
Rebecca: A lot.
Dr Spin: Can you walk?
Rebecca: No.
Hm. You may have broken your ankle, I think
Dr Spin: you need
an X-ray.
Dr
What seems to be the matter?
Dubois:
Isabella: I have a very bad headache.
Dr
Do you find it difficult to see?
Dubois:
Isabella: No, I can see fine.
Dr
Do your eyes hurt at all?
Dubois:
Isabella: A little.
Dr Hm. And do you feel sick?
Dubois:
Isabella: Yes.
Dr
Any abdominal pain?
Dubois:
Isabella: Sorry?
Dr Dubois: Does your stomach hurt?
Isabella: Yes, a little.
Dr Dubois: How long have you had these symptoms?
Isabella: Sorry?
Dr Dubois: How long has your head been hurting?
Isabella: A few days.
Dr Dubois: And do you feel tired?
Isabella: Yes, very.
Dr Dubois: I think you have the flu.
Take two pills three times

a week
The doctor may say :
Sit down. or Take a seat.

Roll up your sleeve.
Go behind the curtain.
Put on the gown.
Get up on the bed.
To give instructions or advice, don’t
use the subject (I, you, he, she, it,
we, they):
Sit down. ✓ Put on the gown. ✓

You sit down. You put on the gown.
He may give you instructions for medicine: Take this

pill twice a day.
Take two tablets three times a day.
Take these pills every 2 hours.

Take this with water after meals.
Take this when you wake up.
It’s an emergency!
In an emergency, you can say: Help!
I need a doctor!
I need a hospital!
I need an ambulance!
It’s an emergency!
It’s urgent!
He’s choking!
She’s choking!
He’s having a heart attack!

She’s having a heart attack!
Receptionist: Yes?
Damiana: I’d like to see the doctor, please.
Receptionist: Can I ask why?
I fell over at the gym, and I think I’ve
Damiana:
broken my leg.
Receptionist: OK. Can I take your doctor’s name?
Damiana: Dr Nicholson.
Receptionist: OK. How about 10:30?
Damiana: OK.
…
Dr Hello Damiana. What seems to be the
Nicholson: trouble?
Damiana: I think I’ve broken my leg.
Dr
Oh dear! Can you walk?
Nicholson:
Damiana: Yes, but it’s difficult.
Dr
Where does it hurt?
Nicholson:
Damiana: Here, on the knee.
Dr
Hmm. It’s quite swollen.
Nicholson:
Damiana: It hurts a lot.
Dr I don’t think you’ve broken your leg, but
Nicholson: you may have sprained your knee.
Damiana: Oh!
Dr
Take these pills every 4 hours.
Nicholson:
Receptionist: Good morning! How can I help?
Luke: I’d like to make an appointment, please.
Do you need to see the doctor or the
Receptionist:
nurse?
Luke: I need a new prescription.
That’ll be the doctor then. What’s your
Receptionist:
name, please?
Luke: Luke Tomlinson.
Receptionist: And your date of birth?
Luke: The 9th of September, 1950.
Receptionist: Your doctor’s Dr Martinez, yes?
Luke: Yes that’s right.
Receptionist: Could you do next Wednesday?
Luke: I’m afraid not. How about Thursday?
Dr Martinez doesn’t work on Thursdays.
Receptionist:
Friday?
Luke: What time?
Receptionist: How about 12:30?
Luke: Yes, that’s fine.
Receptionist: Great.
…
Hi, Luke, nice to see you again. What
Dr Martinez:
seems to be the matter?
Luke: I need a new prescription.
Dr Martinez: Ah. Roll up your sleeve please.
…
Dr Martinez: Right, that all seems fine. Take this
prescription, and make another
appointment for 6 months time.
Luke: Thank you.
Dr Martinez: Goodbye.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

10 A table for two, please! Eating out A table for two,
please
In a restaurant, you can say: Can we have a table

for…, please?
Could we have a table for…, please?
We’d like a table for…, please.
A table for…, please.
Examples
Can we have a table for two, please?
Could we have a table for two?
We’d like a table for seven.
A table for three, please.
A table for four.
10.1 Asking questions with

can and could
The waiter or waitress might answer positively (+):
Certainly.
This way, please.
Or the waiter or waitress might answer negatively (-):
I’m afraid we haven’t got a free table at the moment.
I’m sorry but we don’t have a table available just
now.
I’m sorry, but we won’t have a table until 9 p.m.
now
now = at the moment

just now
right now
currently
at this time
Or the waiter or waitress might say: Wait a minute.
Let me check.
I’ll just check.
Remember, ’ll [+ verb] is for the

future
The waiter or waitress might also say: I’m afraid it’s a

40-minute wait.
It’ll be a 10-minute wait.
Would you like to wait at the bar?
You can answer positively (+): Great, thank you.

OK, thanks.
Yes, thank you.
Or you can answer negatively (-): Thank you, but…

Thanks, but…
That’s OK,…
That’s alright,…
Examples
Thank you, but I think we’ll find somewhere else.
Thanks, but we’ll go somewhere else.
That’s OK, we’ll find somewhere else.
That’s OK, I think we’ll find somewhere else.
That’s alright, we’ll eat somewhere else.
Some… else
different, other. For
else =
example:
We’ll eat somewhere We’ll eat at a different
=
else. place.
There’s no chicken,
so I’ll eat = I’ll eat a different food.
something else.
There’s no beer, so
I’ll have a different
I’ll have =
drink.
someone else.
I’m divorced and
I’m married to a
married to =
different person.
someone else
Conversations
Isabelle: Can we have a table for two, please?
Waitress: Certainly. Right this way.
Isabelle: Thank you.
Aziza: A table for three, please.

Waiter: 1 minute, I’ll just check.
Aziza: Thanks.
…
There’s a 40-minute wait. Would you like to
Waiter:
wait at the bar?
Aziza: Yes, thank you.
Melantha: For one, please.
I’m afraid we don’t have a free table until
Waitress:
8:30. Would you like to wait at the bar?
Melantha: No, that’s OK. I’ll find somewhere else.
Paloma: Could we have a table for four, please?
Waitress: I’ll check for you.
…
Waitress: It’ll be about 10 minutes. Is that OK?
Paloma: Sure, thanks.
Waitress: Perhaps you could wait at the bar?
Paloma: No, that’s OK. We’ll wait here.
Would you like to see the

menu?
The waiter or waitress might ask: Would you like…?
Can I…?
Examples
Would you like to see the menu?
Would you like something to drink?
Can I offer you some olives?
Can I bring you the menu?
Can I get you some bread?
Can I take your order?
Listen for the key words:

Would you like to see the
menu?
Would you like some
olives?
Can I offer you any drinks?
Can I bring you a starter?
Can I get you some bread?
You can say (+): Yes, please.

That’d be lovely, thank you.
That’d be great, thanks.
Or, you can say (-): No thank you.

No thanks.
thanks is informal.
The waiter or waitress will then ask: Are you ready to

order?
What would you like to order?
Would you like anything to drink?
Can I get you something to drink?
Listen for the key words:

Would you like anything to
drink?
What would you like to
start?
What would you like for
your main?
You can ask: Could we have a minute?

Just a minute please.
To order, you can say: I’d like…

I’ll have…
Can we have…?
Could we have…?
Examples
I’d like some wine.
We’d like some bread, please.
I’ll have the pizza.
We’ll have some olives, please.
Can I have the salad?
Can we have the chicken, please?
Could I have a beer?
Could we have a red wine, please?
10.2 Asking questions

with’d
Conversations
At a formal restaurant…
Waiter: Would you like to see the menu, sir?
Kayden: Yes please.

Waiter: Here you are.
Kayden: Thank you.
…
Waiter: Are you ready to order, sir?
Kayden: Sorry, no. 1 minute please.
Waiter: Certainly sir.
…
Waiter: Can I take your order, sir?
Yes. To start, I’ll have the salad, and then I’ll
Kayden:
have the pizza.
Excellent choice, sir. Would you like anything
Waiter:
to drink, while you wait?
Kayden: Yes, I’ll have a white wine please.
Waiter: Certainly, sir. The house white?
Kayden: Yes, please.
At an informal restaurant…
Waitress: What can I get you?

Alice: Could we see the menu?
Waitress: Sure, here you go.
Alice: Cheers.
…
Waitress: So, what can I get you?
I’ll have the chicken, I think. How about
Alice:
you, Leo?
Leo: I’ll have the beef.
Waitress: Anything to drink?
Alice: Wine?
Leo: Yes.
Waitress: Red or white?
Leo: Do you have any rosé?
Waitress: Let me check.
…
I’m afraid we don’t have any rosé. I can
Waitress:
offer you a nice white, though.
Alice: Is white OK?
Leo: Yes, OK then.
Waitress: Great.
Alice: Can we have some water as well, please?
Sure. And would you like something to eat
Waitress:
while you wait?
Alice: Some olives’d be great, thanks.
Leo: And some bread.
Waitress: Sure.
Have you finished?

The waiter or waitress will then ask: Can I take your
plates?
Have you finished?
You can say (+): Yes, thank you.
Or you can say (-): Not yet.

Not quite.
The waiter or waitress might also ask: How was your
food?
How was everything?
Was everything alright?
You can say (+): It was lovely, thank you.

It was great, thanks.
10.3 be in the past

Be Question Negative
I was was I? I wasn’t
you were were you? you weren’t
he/she/it was he/she/it
was he/she/it? wasn’t
we were were we? we weren’t
they were were they? they weren’t
You can say (-): Not really.

Not good.
It wasn’t great.
Not great.
Or, you can say: It was undercooked.

It was overcooked.
It was dry.
It was boring.
It was cold.
It needed more seasoning.
At the end of the meal, you can say: We’d like the bill
please.
Can we have the check please?
Could we have the bill please?
Conversations
Waitress: Have you finished?
Lilly: Yes, thanks. Can we have the bill?
Waitress: Sure, here you go. How was your food?
Lilly: Lovely, thank you.
Waitress: Oh good.
Lilly: Here you go.
Waitress: Thank you.
Annabelle: Could we have the bill please?
Waiter: Yes, of course. How was everything?
Annabelle: Not great.
Waiter: I’m sorry! What was the problem?
It was cold, and my chicken was
Annabelle:
undercooked.
Waiter: I’m so sorry! Let me offer you a refund.
Waitress: Can I take your plates?
Taj: Yes, thank you.
Waitress: Was everything alright?
The beef was dry, but in general we were
Taj: very happy,
thank you.
Waitress: I’m glad. I’ll tell the chef about the beef.
Taj: Could we have the bill, please?
Waitress: Of course.
…
Waitress: There you are.
Taj: Thank you.
I’d like to reserve a table,

please
You can reserve a table online or by phone: When the
restaurant answers the phone, they might say: Hello,
this is… restaurant, how can I help?
… restaurant, can I help?
Good afternoon …. restaurant?
Hello?
To confirm that it’s the restaurant you want, you can

say: Is that…?
The restaurant might answer: I’m afraid you’ve got
the wrong number.
Sorry, you’ve got the wrong number.
I think you have the wrong number.
To reserve the table, you can say: Hello, I’d like to

reserve a table, please.
Hi, I’d like to make a reservation, please.
Hello, I’d like to book a table, please.
Hi, I’d like to make a booking, please.
The waiter or waitress might ask:

How many? is about quantity.
When? is about time.
What? is about information.
For how many people?

For how many?
When?
When did you want it?
What day were you thinking?
What day did you want?
What time?
What time were you thinking?
Conversations
Waiter: For how many people? Waiter: What day were you thinking?
Darcey: Six, please. Chiara: Saturday.
Waitress: For how many? Waitress: What day did you want?
Theo: Two. Amelie: The 22nd of April, please.
Waiter: How many? Waiter: What time?
Taylor: Three, please. Teddy: 6 p.m.
Waiter: When did you want it? Waiter: What time were you thinking?
Jungho: 12:30 on Monday, please. Zachary: 9 o’clock.
Waiter: When were you thinking? Waiter: What time did you want?
Jude: 7 o’clock tomorrow. Delphine: 8.
Waitress: What day?
Thierry: The 7th of November.
If there are no tables, the waiter or waitress might say: I’m afraid we’re all booked up.
I’m afraid we don’t have any tables left.
If that day or time is busy, the waiter or waitress might say: … that night.
… that day.
… that evening.
… tonight.
… at that time.
Examples
I’m afraid we’re all booked up that night.
I’m afraid we don’t have any tables left that day.
I’m sorry, but we’re all booked up that evening.
The waiter or waitress might say: How about…?

Could you do…?
The waiter or waitress will ask your name: What’s the name, please?
What name is it under?
What name shall I put it under?
Conversations
Waiter: Hello, this is Pizza Express in Witney, how can I help?
Pia: I’d like to book a table please.
Waiter: For how many?
Pia: For eight.
Waiter: And what day were you thinking?
Pia: Friday.
Waiter: What time?
Pia: 7 o’clock?
Waiter: Fine. What’s the name?
Pia: Pia Abatangelo.
Waiter: Is that A–B–A–T–A–N–G–E–L–O?
Pia: Yes, that’s right.
Waiter: Great, thank you, you’re all booked in for Friday.
Pia: Thanks! See you then.
Waiter: Bye.
Waitress: Can I help?
Scarlet: Is that Aidan’s Haggis?
Waitress: It is, yes.
Scarlet: I’d like to make a booking, please
Waitress: Certainly. What day was it?
Scarlet: The 25th August, please.
Waitress: And what time?
Scarlet: 7 p.m.
Waitress: OK, how many people?
Scarlet: 16, if possible.
Waitress: That should be fine. What name shall I put it under?
Scarlet: Scarlet Chipper, please.
Waitress: How do you spell Chipper?
Scarlet: C–H–I–P–P–E–R
Waitress: Thank you. So that’s a table for 16, at 7 o’clock on the 25th August, all under the name Scarlet Chipper, yes?
Scarlet: Yes, that’s right.
Waitress: Excellent. See you then.
Scarlet: See you then.
Waiter: Yes?
Vasili: Hello, is that Thai Square?
Waiter: Sorry, no, I think you have the wrong number.
Vasili: Sorry!
Waiter: No worries.
Vasili: Bye!
Waiter: Bye.
Waiter: Al Fresco.
William: Hi, I’d like to book a table for tonight at 7:30, please.
Waiter: I’m afraid tonight’s all booked up.
William: Oh, OK.
Waiter: Sorry about that.
William: Not to worry. Thank you.
Waiter: Thank you. Bye.
William: Goodbye.
Waiter: Cup and Chaucer, can I help?
Ingrid: Yes, I’d like to book a table for four this Sunday at 1:30, please.
Waiter: So that’s one table for four, this Sunday at 1:30?
Ingrid: Yes, that’s right.
Waiter: What’s the name, please?
Ingrid: Ingrid Berton.
Waiter: Ingrid Berton. Got it. We’ll see you on Sunday,
Ingrid: See you then.
Waiter: Good evening.
Fiorella: Hi.
Noah: Table for two?
Waiter: Certainly, right this way.
…
Waiter: Would you like to see the menu, madam?
Fiorella: Yes, please.
…
Fiorella: Thank you.
Waiter: Can I get you anything to drink while you choose?
Fiorella: Can we have 1 minute, please?
Waiter: Certainly.
…
Waiter: Can I take your drink orders now, madam?
Fiorella: Yes please. We’d like a bottle of white wine and some tap water please.
Waiter: Of course. Which white wine were you thinking of?
Fiorella: Just the house white is fine.
Waiter: OK. Are you ready to order your food, or would you like some more time?
Fiorella: No, we’re ready.
Waiter: Great. What would you like?
Fiorella: For a starter, I’ll have the goats cheese salad, and for my main I’ll have the salmon.
Waiter: Excellent. And for you, sir?
Noah: I’ll start with the calamari, and then I’ll have the beef.
Waiter: Very well sir.
…
Waiter: Would you like to see the dessert menu?
Noah: Do you want any pudding, Fiorella?
Fiorella: Hmm, perhaps a small one.
Noah: Yes, can we see the dessert menu please.
Waiter: Certainly.
…
Waiter: What would you like for dessert?
Fiorella: I’d like the ice cream.
Noah: And I’d like the cheese cake, please.
Waiter: Certainly.
…
Waiter: Here you go.
Noah & Fiorella: Thank you.
Waiter: Not at all.
…
Fiorella: Excuse me!
Waiter: Yes?
Fiorella: Can we have the bill please?
Waiter: Of course.
…
Waiter: Here you are. How was everything?
Noah: It was lovely, thank you.
Fiorella: Yes, really good.
Waiter: Excellent.
TIME TO TALK
1. Listen to the conversation on the podcast.
2. Repeat it and record your voice on your phone.
3. Listen. Do you sound like the podcast?
4. Talk to Siri/Cortana/OK Google – does the computer understand you?

11 A place to live – renting and buying houses Calling
an estate agent
When you call an estate agents, they might say:

Hello.
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
And
How can I help?
[Name of person] speaking. How can I help?
[Name of estate agent]. How can I help?
[Name of estate agent], [name of person] speaking.
Examples
Good morning, Foxtons Estate Agents. How can I
help?
Hello, Marsh & Parsons, James speaking. How can I
help?
Good afternoon, Freya speaking. How can I help?
You can say: Hello.
Hi.
Good morning.
Good afternoon.
Good evening.
Then you can say: I’m calling about…
be + -ing is about
now:
I talk to my mum on - I’m talking to my
Monday’s. > mum (now).
I’ll call Chestertons - I’m calling
tomorrow. > Chestertons (now).
I wanted to ask about…

I’d like to find out more about…
I’m interested in…
You can also say: the [street/area/town]

[flat/house/property]
the [flat/house/property] on [street]
the [flat/house/property] in [area/town]
Examples
the Broomfield Road flat
the Deer Park house
the Henfield property
the flat on the High Street

the house on Farm Close
the property on Caledonian Road the flat in the
Wantley Hill Estate the house in Islington
the property in Cowfold
And you can cay: the Broomfield Road flat with two
bedrooms the Deer Park house with three bedrooms
the Henfield property with four bedrooms the studio
flat on the High Street the two-bed house on Farm
Close the four-bedroom property on Caledonian Road
the one-bed flat in the Wantley Hill Estate the three-
bedroom house in Islington the two-bed property in
Cowfold
The estate agent might ask: Who’s speaking, please?
Who am I speaking to, please?
Could I take your name, please?
What’s the name, sorry?
please, and sorry are polite.
You can answer: My name’s…

I’m…
This is…
This is… speaking.
Conversations
Estate This is Jordan Fishwick Estate Agents. How
agent: can I help?
Hi, I’m calling about the Cromwell Avenue
Amelie:
flat.
Estate
Who am I speaking to, please?
agent:
Amelie: My name’s Amelie Ricard.
Estate Good morning, Avinash speaking. How can I
agent: help?
Good morning, this is Thomas Gillingham. I’m
Thomas:
calling about the Chanctonbury View house.
Estate Hello, this is Bailey at Julie Twist Properties.
agent: How can I help?
Hi, I’m calling about the flat in Partridge
Wolf:
Green.
Estate
Could I take your name, please?
agent:
Wolf: Sure, my name’s Wolf Schmidt.
Hello, Bridgfords Estate Agents, Signy
Estate
speaking. How can
agent:
I help?
Hello. I wanted to ask about the house on
Logan:
Victoria Street.
Estate Countrywide North. How can I help?
agent:
Good afternoon. I’m calling about the two-
Anna:
bedroom house on Scott Avenue.
Estate
What was the name, sorry?
agent:
Anna: Anna Dalrymple.
You can say: I called [time].

I called earlier.
I called on Friday.
We spoke [time].
We spoke yesterday.
We spoke this morning.
11.1 Some verbs in the

past – call, speak and show
Present Past
call called
I call mum every Tuesday. I called mum
yesterday.
speak spoke
I sometimes speak to Yesterday I spoke to
Gianna. Louie.
show showed
I show people all the flats Yesterday I showed
they want to see. you a house.
send sent
I send you an e-mail every I sent you an e-mail
day. yesterday.
I spoke to [person] [time].

I spoke to you last week.
I spoke to your colleague Caleb on Tuesday.
We spoke to [person] [time].

We spoke to Chris on Saturday morning.
[Person] spoke to me [time].

You spoke to me yesterday.
Your colleague spoke to me on Friday.
[Person] spoke to us [time].

You spoke to us the day before yesterday.
Paige spoke to us yesterday.
[Person] showed me [property] [time].

You showed me a two-bedroom house on
Wednesday.
Your colleague showed me a flat in Staplehurst last
week.
[Person] showed us [property] [time].

You showed us two three-bed flats on Monday.
Reuben showed us the house with the big garden
yesterday.
[Person] sent me an e-mail about [property].

You sent me an e-mail about a three-bed house in
Walthamstow.
Your colleague sent me an e-mail about a property
in Bexley Heath.
You sent us an e-mail about some studio flats in
Bloomsbury.
Someone called Pablo sent us an e-mail about a
studio flat with wooden floors
in Brighton.
11.2 Subjects and objects

Subject Object Examples
I me You spoke to me.
you you I spoke to you.
he him She spoke to him.
she her We spoke to her.
we us He spoke to us.
they them They spoke to them.
The estate agent might ask: Who did you talk to?
Did you speak with…?
When did you call?
What were you interested in?
What property did you see?
Which property did we show you?
Who? asks about people.

When? asks about time or date.
What? asks for information.
Which? asks you to choose.
11.3 Present and past

questions and negatives
with most verbs
We often use do/does in questions and
negatives. In the past, do/does become did.
Present Past
do/does Did..?
Do I like Did I like that fireplace?
fireplaces? Did you see any flats?
Do you want a Did he see properties in
flat? London?
Does he live in Did she call about properties
London? with many bedrooms?
Does she have Did we enquire about
children? properties with big gardens?
Do we want a big Did they call yesterday?
garden?
Do they call
every day?
don’t/doesn’t didn’t
I don’t want a I didn’t ask to see flats.
flat. You didn’t call about
You don’t like properties with
floorboards. floorboards.
He doesn’t want He didn’t like the house with
a pond. the pond.
She doesn’t She didn’t want to see houses
want two floors. - only flats.
We don’t need We didn’t call about three-
three bedrooms. bedroom properties.
They don’t have They didn’t see properties
kids. with more than one bedroom.
You can also use be:

Present Past
- I was interested in two-beds. two-
I’m interested in
> beds.
He’s interested - He was interested in with gardens.
in houses > houses with gardens.
We’re interested - We were interested in Hampstead.
in properties > in properties in Hampstead.
11.4 Present and past

questions and negatives
with be
Questions Negatives
Present Past Present Past
am I? was I? I’m not I wasn’t
are you? were you you
you? aren’t weren’t
is was he/she/it he
he/she/it? he/she/it? isn’t wasn’t
are we? were we? we we
aren’t weren’t
are they? were they they
they? aren’t weren’t
You mean the two-bed on
Portugal Place?
You can ask: Do you mean…?
Are you talking about…?
You mean…?
Examples
Do you mean the one with the garden?
Do you mean the Georgian house?
Are you talking about the one with the big garden?
Are you talking about the one with the wooden floors?
You mean the flat by the motorway?
You mean the one with the fireplace?
You can say (+): Yes./Yep.

That’s the one.
That’s right.
Yes, that’s right.
Or, you can say (-): No

Not that one.
No, that’s not right./No, that isn’t right.
That’s not the one./That isn’t the one.
No, I’m afraid not.
that’s the one is slightly informal; I’m afraid not is

formal.
Then, you can say: I mean…

I meant…
I’m talking about…
-
mean meant (past)
>
Now I - Yesterday I
mean… > meant…
Examples
No, that’s not right. I mean the two-bed on
McDonald Way.
No, not that one. I meant the one with the balcony.
No, that’s not the one I mean. I’m talking about the
three-bedroom flat on the High Street.
I’m afraid not, no. I meant the house with the
garden on Cheshire Street.
Conversations
Estate
Whitakers Estate Agents. How can I help?
agent:
Hello. I wanted to ask about the two-
Gracie: bedroom flat your colleague showed me
yesterday.
Estate
Who was it you spoke to?
agent:
Gracie: I’m not sure. It was a woman.
Estate
Was it perhaps Noemi?
agent:
Gracie: Yes, that’s right.
Estate And it was a two-bed she showed you,
agent: wasn’t it?
Gracie: Yes, on Brooke Close.
Estate
Ah, I know, the one with the pond.
agent:
Gracie: That’s the one.
Estate Stags Estate Agents, Laurenza speaking.
agent: How can I help?
Good afternoon, this is Baptiste Bélanger.
Baptiste: I’m calling to ask about your three-bedroom
house on Basil Hill.
Estate Do you mean the two-floor property with the
agent: big garden?
Baptiste: Yes.
Estate This is Boris at Codys Estate Agents. Can I
agent: help?
Good morning. You e-mailed me about a
Brooke: five-bed this morning, and I’d like to find out
more about it.
Estate
Which five-bed was it?
agent:
Brooke: The one on Greene Street.
Estate Is that the property with the swimming
agent: pool?
No, not that one. I’m talking about the one
Brooke:
with the fireplaces and the wooden flooring.
Estate
Ah yes, of course.
agent:
This is Devon Sales and Lettings, Abdul
Estate
speaking. How can
agent:
I help?
Azizi: Hi. My name’s Azizi, I called yesterday.
Estate
Who did you speak to?
agent:
Azizi: I think it was someone called Rafiq.
Estate Ah, yes. He’s not working today, but you can
agent: speak to me. How can I help?
I spoke to Rafiq about the two-bed on
Azizi:
Cheshire Street.
Estate
You mean the one with the garden?
agent:
No, it doesn’t have a garden. It’s a third-
Azizi:
floor flat.
Estate
The one with the balcony?
agent:
Azizi: Yes, that’s right.
I’d like to arrange a

viewing
You can say: I’d like to…
Can we…?
Could I…?
Examples
Could we arrange a We’d like to Could I go and
viewing of…? see… see…?
I’d like to Can we have a
Could I view…?
visit… look at…?
have a look at is informal; arrange a viewing and view

are formal.
The estate agent might say (+): Yes./Yup.

Certainly.
Of course.
Sure.
Yup and sure are informal; certainly is formal.
Or, the estate agent might say (-): I’m sorry, but that
property’s not available any more.
Sorry, but that flat’s no longer available.
I’m afraid that house’s under offer now.
Unfortunately someone else has taken that one.
I’m afraid we’ve already rented that flat.
I’m sorry, but we’ve already sold that flat.
The estate agent might say: Can I show you anything
else?
Would you be interested in seeing other similar
properties?
Was it that kind of property you were interested in?
Was that the kind of price range you were looking
at?
The estate agent might say: Do you want to…?

Would you like to…?
Can I show you…?
Shall we arrange a viewing?
You can say (+):

Yes.
Yes please.
Thank you./Thanks./Cheers.
That’d be great, thanks.
11.5 ’d meaning would

’d is polite
Positives Questions Negatives
I’d (= I would) would I? I wouldn’t/I’d not
you’d (= you would you wouldn’t/you’d
would) you? not
he’d (= he would) would he? he wouldn’t/he’d
not
she’d (= she would she wouldn’t/she’d
would) she? not
we’d (= we would we wouldn’t/we’d
would) we? not
they’d (= they would they
would) they? wouldn’t/they’d not
Or, you can say (-): No thanks.

No thank you.
No, that’s OK.
No, don’t worry about it.
No, we’re not interested.
To arrange the viewing,

the estate agent might ask: Can you do today?
Are you free tomorrow?
How about 4 o’clock?
Could you come this afternoon?
When are you free?
What time were you thinking?
When do you want to do it?
When can you do?
What kind of time can you do?
What time could you do?
What time shall we say?
When would be a good time for you?
You can ask: Where shall/should we meet?

Where shall/should I meet you?
When? asks about time or date.

What? asks for information.
Where? asks about place.
Shall I meet you at the flat?

Shall I meet you at the agency?
Should I meet you at your office?
The estate agent might say: Let’s meet at [place].

Why don’t we meet at [place]?
Why don’t you meet me at [place]?
Why don’t I meet you at [place]?
Conversations
Estate
Would you like to see the property?
agent:
Odile: No, that’s OK. We’re not interested.
Estate
Can I show you some flats?
agent:
Misha: That’d be great, thank you.
Estate Are you free today?
agent:
Misha: Unfortunately not. How about tomorrow?
Estate
Could you do the morning?
agent:
Misha: What kind of time?
Estate
Would 10:30 be OK?
agent:
Misha: Yes that’s fine. Where shall I meet you?
Estate Why don’t you meet me at the office, and we’ll
agent: go from there.
Misha: Sure, OK. What’s your address?
Estate
Have you got a pen?
agent:
Misha: Yep.
Estate OK, it’s 45 Michaelvale Road. Would you like
agent: the postcode?
Misha: No, that’s OK.
Estate
Great, so I’ll see you tomorrow.
agent:
Misha: See you then.
Estate
Shall we arrange a viewing?
agent:
That would be great. Shall we say tomorrow
Inez:
morning?
Estate
Are you free at 11?
agent:
Inez: Yes, that’s fine. Shall I meet you at the house?
Estate
Please.
agent:
Inez: Could you give me the address?
Estate Of course. It’s 267 Caledonian Road, OX39
agent: 5GA.
Inez: Thank you. I’ll see you then.
Estate If you like, I can show you some other similar
agent: properties, houses with wooden flooring?
Inez: Alright. I’ll see you then.
Estate
See you then.
agent:
Zac: Can I go and see it?
Estate
I’m afraid it’s no longer available.
agent:
Zac: Can you show me some similar properties?
Estate
Sure. Are you free now?
agent:
Zac: Yep. How about we meet there in 20 minutes?
Sounds good. Would you be interested in
Estate
seeing another few properties in your price
agent:
range as well?
Zac: Sure.
Estate
Great. See you in 20.
agent:
Zac: See you in 20.
Estate Hi, Seymours Estate Agents, this is Courtney
agent: speaking. How can I help?
Pilar: Hi, I’m calling about your flat on London Road.
Estate
Could I take your name?
agent:
Pilar: Pilar.
Hi Pilar, thanks for calling. Are you talking
Estate
about the two-bedroom flat on the corner with
agent:
the garden?
Pilar: Yes, that’s right.
Estate
I’m afraid that one’s already gone.
agent:
Pilar: Oh.
Estate But we have some similar flats. What sort of
agent: price range were you looking at?
Pilar: Similar to that flat. No more than £500 a week.
Estate
And was it two bedrooms?
agent:
Pilar: Yes.
Estate We have a few properties like that. Would you
agent: like to arrange a viewing?
Pilar: Yes please. Would today be possible?
Estate
Of course. Are you free at 2:30?
agent:
Pilar: Yes, that’s fine, I’ll see you then.
Estate
See you then.
agent:
Estate
Good morning, Aston Mead. How can I help?
agent:
Good morning, my name’s Toby. I called
Toby:
yesterday.
Estate Hello Toby, you’re speaking to Gabriel here.
agent: Who was it you spoke to yesterday?
Toby: It was Victoria, I think.
Estate Victoria’s actually not here at the moment. Are
agent: you happy to speak to me?
Yes, no problem. I’m calling about the
Toby:
properties that Victoria e-mailed to me.
Estate
Any good?
agent:
Toby: I really liked the one with the pond.
Estate
Is that the one in Haslemere?
agent:
Toby: No, the one in Grayswood.
Estate Oh yes, of course. The one with the beautiful
agent: fireplace?
Yes, that’s right. Would it be possible to
Toby:
arrange a viewing?
Estate Of course. When were you thinking?
agent:
Toby: Would Monday be possible?
Estate
If it’s Monday afternoon, yes.
agent:
Toby: Can you do before 3?
Estate
How about 1 o’clock?
agent:
Perfect. Shall I come to the office or meet you
Toby:
at the house?
Estate
Meet me at the office, and I’ll drive you over.
agent:
Toby: Fine.
Estate
I look forward to meeting you.
agent:
Toby: See you then.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

12 How much is this? At the shops Have you got any
drinks?
The shop assistant might ask:
Can I help at
Can I help? Do you need any help?
all?
How can I What can I help you
help? with?
You can say (+):
No thank No, that’s

No, I’m fine.
you. alright.
I’m just looking,
No thanks. No, that’s OK.
thanks.
The shop assistant might answer: OK, just tell me if

you need anything.
OK, let me know if you need any help.
OK, well I’m here if you need something.
You can say: Excuse me.

Then you can say: I’m looking for…
I’d like to buy…
Can I get…?
Could I have…?
get is quite informal.
Examples
I’m looking for some red wine.
I’d like 12 roses, please.
I’d like to buy some trousers.
Can I have some sugar, please?
Can I get a bottle of gin?
Could I have some cigarettes, please?
Could I get some apples?
You can ask: Do you sell…?

Do you have…?
Have you got…?
Is there [singular]?
Are there [plural]?
Have you got…? is quite informal.
Examples
Do you sell beer?
Do you have any pizzas?
Have you got any wine?
Is there a section for educational books?
Are there any bigger televisions?
Some and Any Some and any are for

when you don’t say the number.
I want 5 carrots.
I want some carrots.
Do you have any carrots?
You say some for positive sentences,
requests and offers: I want some tea.
I ‘d like to buy some milk.
Could I have some chocolate?
Would you like some olives?
You say any for negative sentences
and questions: I don’t want any
coffee.
Do you have any bread?
Are there any crisps?
You can ask: What… do you sell?
What… do you have?
What… have you got?
Which… do you sell?
Which… do you have?
Which… have you got?
What type(s) of… do you sell?
What type(s) of… do you have?
What type(s) of… have you got?
What kind(s) of… do you sell?
What kind(s) of… do you have?
What kind(s) of… have you got?
have you got? is informal.
12.A What? asks for information What

ice creams do you have?
12.B Which? asks you to choose
Which coffee? The strong or the mild?
Examples
What books do you sell?
What pizzas have you got?
Which gins do you have?
Which beers have you got?
What types of hat do you sell?
What types of beer have you got?
What kinds of car do you sell?
What kinds of wine do you have?
Or, you can say: I’m looking for…

Where’s the [singular noun]?
Where are the [plural noun]?
Where can I find…?
12.C Where? asks about place Where

can I find the birthday cards?
Where are the carrots?
Examples
Where’s the sugar, please?
Where are the pizzas?
Where can I find the carrots?
The shop assistant might answer: Here./Over here.
There./Over there.
Follow me.
By the…
Next to the…
In the… aisle.
You can say: I’d like to see…

Can/Could I see…?
Can/Could you show me…?
Examples
I’d like to see your best red wine.
Can I see some black trousers?
Could I see what pizzas you have?
Can you show me your cakes?
Could you show me your computer section?
You can say: I’d like to try this beer, please.

Can I try the pizza?
Could I try the calamari?
I’d like to… is polite.
12.1 Would: questions,

positives and negatives
Questions Positives Negatives
would I? I’d (= I would) I wouldn’t
would you? you’d (= you would) you
wouldn’t
would he’d/she’d/it’d (= he/she/it
he/she/it? he/she/it would) wouldn’t
would we? we’d (= we would) we wouldn’t
would they’d (= they would) they
they? wouldn’t
In a clothes shop
Bigger and biggest The black hat is bigger than the

grey hat.
The white hat is smaller than the grey hat.
The black hat is cheaper than the grey hat.
The grey hat is more expensive than the other hats.
The grey hat is the most expensive hat.
The white hat is the cheapest.
12.2 Comparing things:
big, bigger, the biggest
Adjective Comparative Superlative
Short Big Bigger The
adjectives biggest
Small Smaller The
smallest
Cheap Cheaper The
cheapest
Longer Happy Happier The
adjectives happiest
Funny Funnier The
funniest
Long Expensive More The most
adjectives expensive expensive
Irregular Good Better The best
adjectives Bad Worse The worst
Fun More fun The most
fun
You can say: I’d like to try on these trousers, please

Can I try this jacket on, please?
Could I try on that skirt?
Too big The black hat is too big for Jeff.
The white hat is too small for Jeff.
The grey hat fits perfectly.
Here are some more useful shopping questions: Do

you have this in yellow?
Have you got more of these?
Do you have this in a bigger size?
Have you got this in a smaller size?
Do you have anything cheaper?
Is there somewhere nearby I could get a…?
Could you give me some change for £5?
Will you have more tomorrow?
When will you have more in?
12.3 The future using will

+ [verb]
Statement Question Negative
I’ll be will I be? I won’t be
you’ll say will you you won’t
say? say
he’ll go will he he won’t go
go?
she’ll love will she she won’t
love? love
it’ll have will it it won’t have
have?
we’ll play will we we won’t
play? play
they’ll drink will they they won’t
drink? drink
Examples
We’ll have more When will She won’t
tomatoes you go play tennis
tomorrow home? with me.
morning. Will they We won’t go
They’ll get more buy more shopping
pizzas in on beers? tomorrow.
Monday.
Conversations
Shop
Can I help?
assistant:
Yes, I’d like to buy some wine. Where’s the
Fleur:
alcohol section please?
Shop
This way.
assistant:
Shop
How can I help?
assistant:
I’d like to try on these trousers. Where are
Ondine:
the changing rooms, please?
Shop
Just over there.
assistant:
Ondine: Thank you
Shop
Can I help?
assistant:
Barack: No, that’s OK, I’m just looking thanks.
Shop
Do you need any help?
assistant:
Maddison: Could I try some of that cheese?
Shop
Of course! Here you are.
assistant:
Maddison: Thanks.
Shop
What do you think?
assistant:
Maddison: It’s lovely, thank you!
Shop
What can I help you with?
assistant:
James: Have you got any more cakes?
Shop
No, sir, I’m afraid not.
assistant:
Shop
How can I help?
assistant:
Janica: That’s alright, I’m just looking.
…
Janica: Excuse me.
Shop
Yes?
assistant:
Janica: Do you have any more of these?
Shop
Yes, I’ll just get them for you.
assistant:
Shop
Can I help at all?
assistant:
I’m looking for the carrots. Where can I
Bataar:
find them?
Shop They’re just over here.
assistant:
Sanne: Excuse me.
Shop
Yes?
assistant:
Sanne: Do you have this in yellow?
Shop
Let me check.
assistant:
…
Shop
Here you go.
assistant:
Sanne: Thanks!
Shop
What can I help you with?
assistant:
Ajani: Do you have any chickens left?
Shop
No, I’m sorry.
assistant:
Ajani: Will you be getting more in tomorrow?
Shop
Yes, I think so.
assistant:
Shop
Can I help at all?
assistant:
Esme: Yes – have you got this in a smaller size?
Shop
Let me check.
assistant:
…
Shop I’m afraid that’s the only one we have
assistant: left.
Esme: OK, thanks.
How much?
You can ask:
How much is
How much does [singular]
[singular]?
cost?
How much are
How much do [plural] cost?
[plural]?
12.D How much? asks about quantity
How much is the chicken? £5.99.

How much does the bread
£0.84.
cost?
How much water is there? 2 litres.
How much do you like I love
football? it.
Examples
How much is this?
How much are those?
How much does the beef cost?
How much do these carrots cost?
The shop assistant might answer: That’s £12.50.

Those are $7.99 each.
It’s £5.40 per 100 g.
They’re $1.20 for three.
Those are five for £15.
That’s three for two.
They’re £10 if you buy three.
They’re $500 if you buy two.
You can buy two for $12.
You can get 1 kg for £2.
buy is for all situations; get is quite informal.
Conversations
Paz: How much is this, please?
Shop assistant: That’s $25.
Tygo: How much are the roses?
Shop assistant: £8 for six.
Darcey: How much does that cost, please?
Shop assistant: That’s 69 p per 100 g.
Sophia: How much do these cost, please?

Shop Those are $12 each, or you can get two
assistant: for $20.
How many would you like?

The shop assistant might ask: How many would you
like?
How many?
How much would you like?
How much?
12.4 Countable nouns

Countable nouns can be singular or plural and
use many
Singular Plural How many?
1 pizza 2 How many pizzas would you
pizzas like?
1 salad 3 How many salads do you have?
salads
1 cake 4 cakes How many cakes have you got?
12.5 Uncountable nouns

Uncountable nouns can’t be singular or
plural and use much
Not singular or How much?
plural
Some wine How much wine would
you like?
Some tea How much tea do you
have?
Some sugar How much sugar have
you got?
But you can add bottle, packet and so on
to uncountable nouns
Singular Plural How many?
1 bottle 6 bottles How many bottles of
of wine of wine wine would you like?
1 packet 2 How many packets of
of tea packets tea do you have?
of tea
1 bag of 4 bags of How many bags of
sugar sugar sugar have you got?
Conversations
Todd: Do you have any pizzas?
Shop
Yes. How many would you like?
assistant:
3 please – 1 original, 1 Hawaiian and 1
Todd:
pepperoni.
Jenny: I’d like some of that cheese, please.
Shop
How much?
assistant:
Jenny: 500 grams.
Monty: I’d like to buy some of this wine.
Shop
Sure. How many bottles would you like?
assistant:
Monty: 6 please.
Rajesh: Do you have any salami?
Shop
Of course. How much would you like?
assistant:
Rajesh: Just 100 grams, please.
Fernando: How much are your apples?
Shop
£2 for 6.
assistant:
Fernando: How many do you have?
Shop
60.
assistant:
Fernando: Ok, I’ll have all 60.
Shop
Hello, how can I help?
assistant:
I’m looking for some nice red wine. Do
Matilda:
you sell wine?
Shop
Yes.
assistant:
Matilda: Could you show me where it is, please?
Shop
Of course, follow me.
assistant:
Matilda: Thank you.
…
Shop
There it is.
assistant:
Matilda: Thanks.
…
Matilda: Excuse me.
Shop
Yes?
assistant:
Matilda: How much is this bottle?
Shop
That one’s £6.99.
assistant:
Matilda: Hmm. And this one?
Shop That one’s £9.99, but you can get two for
assistant: £15.
Matilda: OK, I’ll take two of these then, please.
Akello: Excuse me.
Shop
Yes, what can I help you with?
assistant:
Akello: Where can I try on these trousers?
Shop
The changing rooms are over there.
assistant:
Akello: Thanks.
…
Akello: Excuse me.
Shop
How can I help?
assistant:
Akello: Could you get me these in a smaller size?
Shop
Sure. 1 minute.
assistant:
…
Shop
Here you go.
assistant:
Akello: Thanks.
TIME TO TALK
1.
2.
3.
4.
understand you?

Numbers 1-999,999
You can say: 0 = zero, oh,

nought 1 = one 2 = two 3 = Notice the pattern in
three 4 = four 5 = five 6 = six the teens: 13:
7 = seven 8 = eight 9 = nine thirteen 14:
10 = ten 11 = eleven 12 = fourteen 15: fifteen
twelve 13 = thirteen 14 = 16: sixteen 17:
fourteen 15 = fifteen 16 = seventeen 18:
sixteen 17 = seventeen 18 = eighteen 19:
eighteen 19 = nineteen 20 = nineteen
twenty 21 = twenty-one 22 = And also the pattern
twenty-two 23 = twenty- in the tens:
three … 20: twenty 30: thirty
30 = thirty 31 = thirty-one 40: forty 50: fifty 60:
… sixty 70: seventy 80:
40 = forty 50 = fifty 60 = eighty 90: ninety
sixty 70 = seventy 80 =
eighty 90 = ninety 100 = one hundred
101 = one hundred and one 102 = one hundred
and two 156 = one hundred and fifty-six …
200 = two hundred 273 = two hundred and
seventy-three …
300 = three hundred 400 = four hundred …
1,000 = one thousand 1,001 = one thousand and
one 1,002 = one thousand and two 1,037 = one
thousand and thirty-seven 1,089 = one thousand
and eighty-nine 1,100 = one thousand, one hundred
1,200 = one thousand, two hundred 1,300 = one
thousand, three hundred 1,401 = one thousand,
four hundred and one 1,510 = one thousand, five
hundred and ten 1,662 = one thousand, six hundred
and sixty-two …
2,000 = two thousand 2,001 = two thousand and
one 2,095 = two thousand and ninety-five 2,700 =
two thousand, seven hundred 2,811 = two
thousand, eight hundred and eleven …
3,000 = three thousand 4,000 = four thousand
5,000 = five thousand 6,000 = six thousand 7,000 =
seven thousand …
100,000 = one hundred thousand 100, 643 = one
hundred thousand, six hundred and forty-three
552,000 = five hundred and fifty-two thousand
552,876 = five hundred and fifty-two thousand,
eight hundred and seventy-six 999,000 = nine
hundred and ninety-nine thousand 999,999 = nine
hundred and ninety-nine thousand, nine hundred
and ninety-nine
Where to put and in numbers over 100
When speaking, include and after hundred (or
thousand if there is no ‘hundred’), but before one to
ninety-nine.
For example: 101 = one hundred and one 102 = one

hundred and two 210 = two hundred and ten 348 =
three hundred and forty-eight 873 = eight hundred
and seventy-three 1,010 = one thousand and ten
2,194 = two thousand one hundred and ninety-four
4,670 = four thousand six hundred and seventy
9,006 = nine thousand and six 15,427 = fifteen
thousand four hundred and twenty-seven
Money In the UK, the currency used is pounds (£s): £1: one pound £2:
two pounds £5: five pounds £7: seven pounds £10: ten pounds
Sometimes people say ‘quid’ not pounds. This is very informal and usually for bigger numbers e.g. £25 = ‘twenty-five quid’.
For £5 you can also say a fiver, and for £10, a tenner.
There are 100 pence (p) in £1. In pounds and pence you say: 50 p: fifty pence or fifty pee 80 p: eighty pence or eighty pee 99 p: ninety-nine pence
or ninety-nine pee £1.50: one pound and fifty pence or one pound fifty £7.80: seven pounds and eighty pence or seven pounds eighty £20.99:
twenty pounds and ninety nine pence or twenty ninety nine
In the US, the currency is dollars ($): $1: one dollar or one buck $2: two dollars or two bucks $5: five dollars or five bucks $7: seven dollars or
seven bucks $10: ten dollars or ten bucks
buck is informal.
In dollar and cents you say: $1.50: one dollar and fifty cents or one dollar fifty $7.80: seven dollars and eighty cents or seven dollars eighty
$20.99: twenty dollars and ninety-nine cents or twenty dollars ninety-nine
$0.01 = one cent

$0.50 = fifty cents
$0.80 = eighty cents
$0.99 = ninety-nine cents
Measurements There are two types of measurements, metric and

imperial.
13.1 Metric and imperial measures
Metric (UK, Australia, Europe etc.) Imperial (US, Liberia, Myanmar; sometimes the UK)
Weight 1 kg = 1 kilogram 1 st = 1 stone
2 kg = 2 kilograms 3 st = 3 stone
1 g = 1 gram 1 lb = 1 pound
5 g = 5 grams 6 lb = 6 pounds
1 oz = 1 ounce
10 oz = 10 ounces
Volume 1 l = 1 litre 1 gal = 1 gallon
2 l = 2 litres 2 gal = 2 gallons
1 cl = 1 centilitre 1 qt = 1 quart
4 cl = 4 centilitres 3 qt = 3 quarts
1 ml = 1 millilitre 1 pt = 1 pint
9 ml = 9 millilitres 7 pt = 7 pints
1 fl.oz. = 1 fluid ounce
11 fl.oz. = 11 fluid ounces
Metric (UK, Australia, Europe etc.) Imperial (US, Liberia, Myanmar; sometimes the UK)
Distance/length/height 1 km = 1 kilometre 1 ml = 1 mile
12 km = 12 kilometres 13 ml = 13 miles
1 m = 1 metre 1 yd = 1 yard
8 m = 8 metres 2 yd = 2 yards
1 cm = 1 centimetre 1 ft = 1 foot
15 cm = 15 centimetres 26 ft = 26 feet
1 mm = 1 millimetre 1 in = 1 inch
31 mm = 31 millimetres 18 in = 18 inches
Temperature 1ºc = 1 degree (centigrade) 1ºf = 1 degree (fahrenheit)
10ºc = 10 degrees (centigrade) 80ºf = 80 degrees (fahrenheit)
To ask about measurements, you can use How + adjective:

Weight How heavy…?
How light…?
Volume
How much… is there?
Distance How far…?

How close…?
Length How long…?

How short…?
Height (people) How tall…?

How short…?
Height (things) How high…?
Temperature How hot…?

How cold…?
Examples
How heavy is an elephant? How long is your hair?
How light is a baseball? How short is the walk?
How much milk is there? How tall are you?
How far is London? How short are your parents?
How far is your hometown? How high is the Empire State Building?
How close are you? How high is Big Ben?
Remember be in questions: am I?
are you?
is he/she/it?
are we?
are they?
Time You can ask: What time is it?

What’s the time?
Do you know the time?
Do you have the time?
Have you got the time?
Have you got the time? is slightly informal.
You can answer: It’s…

I make it…
Then you can say: 4:00 = four or four o’clock 10:00 = ten or ten o’clock 12:00 = twelve or twelve o’clock 13:00 = one or one o’clock 16:00 =
four or four o’clock 20:00 = eight or eight o’clock
You can say: a.m. or in the morning p.m. or in the afternoon Examples
11 a.m. eleven a.m. 5 p.m. five p.m.

eleven in the morning five in the evening
eleven o’clock in the morning five o’clock in the evening
4 p.m. four p.m. 11 p.m. eleven p.m.
four in the afternoon eleven at night
four o’clock in the afternoon eleven o’clock at night
To say the minutes, you can say just numbers:

You only say o’clock with the hour: five o’clock ✓ nine o’clock ✓
three forty-five o’clock ten past ten o’clock
6:05 six oh five

7:40 seven forty
9:10 nine ten
10:15 ten fifteen
12:30 twelve thirty
15:45 three forty-five
17:50 five fifty
You can also say:
Examples
6:05 five past six 7:40 twenty to eight
five minutes past six twenty minutes to eight
9:10 ten past nine 11:35 twenty-five to twelve
ten minutes past nine twenty-five minutes to twelve
15:20 twenty past three 17:50 ten to six
twenty minutes past three ten minutes to six
22:22 twenty-two past ten 20:55 five to nine
twenty-two minutes past ten five minutes to nine
You can also use: quarter (= 15 minutes) half (= 30 minutes) Examples
8:15 quarter past eight 21:45 quarter to ten

eight fifteen nine forty-five
10:15 quarter past ten 7:30 half past seven
ten fifteen seven thirty
15:45 quarter to four 12:30 half past twelve
three forty-five twelve thirty
You can also always add the time of day:
six oh five a.m. quarter past ten at night

seven forty p.m. half past eleven in the morning
five past six in the morning not yet three o’clock in the morning
twenty minutes to eight in the evening just before half past nine in the evening
Don’t combine o’clock, past or to with a.m. or p.m.:
three o’clock a.m. three o’clock in the morning ✓
half past nine pm half past nine in the evening ✓
quarter to eleven p.m. quarter to eleven at night ✓

four p.m. ✓ seven ten a.m. ✓
nine thirty a.m. ✓ three twenty p.m. ✓
Conversations
Dexter: What time is it? Akiko: It’s five o’clock.
Janos: Eleven. Sophia: What time is it?
Minho: Do you know the time? Dylan: Quarter past four.
Tadeo: Yep, ten past three in the morning. Odile: What’s the time?
Tanguy: Do you know what the time is? Rafiq: It’s ten a.m.
Niamh: Yeah, it’s almost four o’clock. Simone: Do you know the time?
Evie: Do you have the time? Binh: Yes, it’s five minutes to six.
Finley: Yes, it’s four thirty. Zuzana: Do you have the time?
Mollie: Have you got the time? Viveca: Yeah, I make it almost four in the afternoon.
Aran: Yes, I make it quarter to two. Mikhail: Have you got the time?
Chiara: What time do you make it? Sylvie: Yes, it’s half past nine.
Dates and days You can ask: Do you know the date?
What date is it?
What date is it today?
What’s the date?
What’s the date today?
What’s today’s date?
Do you know today’s date?

Today’s…
Today’s date is…
or just the date.
To say the date, you say the + [ordinal number] + of + [month]:
the first of January = 1/1

the twelfth of March = 12/3
the twentieth of August = 20/8
the second of December = 2/12
the fifth of May = 5/5
The months of the year are:
January May September

February June October
March July November
April August December
To make an ordinal number, you usually just add -th: 4th: the fourth 13th: the thirteenth 15th: the fifteenth 27th: the twenty-seventh 35th: the
thirty-fifth 49th: the forty-ninth 56th: the fifty-sixth
For the tens you add a syllable: 20th: the twenti|eth 30th: the thirti|eth 40th: the forti|eth
Numbers that finish in one, two, three or five are also different: 1st: the first 2nd: the second 3rd: the third 5th: the fifth 21st: the twenty-first
32nd: the thirty-second 43rd: the forty-third 55th: the fifty-fifth 61st: the sixty-first 72nd: the seventy-second 83rd: the eighty-third 95th: the
ninety-fifth
But:
11th: the eleventh 12th: the twelfth 13th: the thirteenth 15th: the fifteenth 111th: the hundred and eleventh 112th: the hundred and twelfth
113th: the hundred and thirteenth 115th: the hundred and fifteenth
13.2 The ordinal numbers in dates

1st the first 17th the seventeenth
2nd the second 18th the eighteenth
3rd the third 19th the nineteenth
4th the fourth 20th the twentieth
5th the fifth 21st the twenty-first
6th the sixth 22nd the twenty-second
7th the seventh 23rd the twenty-third
8th the eighth 24th the twenty-fourth
9th the ninth 25th the twenty-fifth
10th the tenth 26th the twenty-sixth
11th the eleventh 27th the twenty-seventh
12th the twelfth 28th the twenty-eighth
13th the thirteenth 29th the twenty-ninth
14th the fourteenth 30th the thirtieth
15th the fifteenth 31st the thirty-first
16th the sixteenth
Examples of dates
the twelfth of January = 12/1 the first of July = 1/7
the ninth of February = 9/2 the thirty-first of August = 31/8
the twenty-fifth of March = 25/3 the eighteenth of September = 18/9
the seventh of April = 7/4 the eleventh of October = 11/10
the third of May = 3/5 the second of November = 2/11
the fifth of June = 5/6 the twenty-third of December = 23/12
In the US, they say and write dates differently:
January twelfth = 1/12

February ninth = 2/9
March twenty-fifth = 3/25
April seventh = 4/7
May third = 5/3
Conversations
Leif: What date is it? Callum: What’s today’s date?
Mia: It’s the fifth of June Fabienne: It’s the fourth of July.
Ellie: What date is it today? Alexei: Do you know the date?
Elsie: Today’s the twelfth of September. Evelyn: Yes, today’s the twenty-seventh of August.
Lucy: What’s the date? Emma: Do you know what the date is today?
Ben: Today’s the first of May. Alfie: Yup, today’s the fifth of December.
Agha: What’s the date today?
Kaiden: It’s the seventh of August.
For birthdays, see page 179.
You can say: Monday the thirteenth of October Tuesday the seventh of December Wednesday the nineteenth of April Thursday the twelfth of
January Friday the thirty-first of August Saturday the second of May Sunday the tenth of July
When you write the date, you write Monday 7th August. Not Monday the 7th of August.
Days of the week The days of the week are:

Monday Friday
Tuesday Saturday
Wednesday Sunday
Thursday
You can ask: What day is it?

You can also use tomorrow and yesterday: Today’s Wednesday.
What day is it today? Tomorrow’s Thursday.
What’s the day today? Yesterday was Tuesday.
The day after tomorrow’s Friday.
The day before yesterday was Monday.
You can answer: Today’s…
It’s…
It’s… today.
or you can just say the day.
Conversations Ottavia: What day is it?

Isabella: Monday.
Kai: What day is it today?

Chang: Today’s Wednesday.
Baptiste: What’s the day today?

Brooke: It’s Friday.
Years You can ask: What year is it?

or just the year.
Years are usually two numbers:
1923 = nineteen twenty-three

1965 = nineteen sixty-five
1980 = nineteen eighty
2010 = twenty ten
2012 = twenty twelve
2020 = twenty twenty
Sometimes, 1920–1999 are said with the tens only: 1927 = twenty-seven 1933 = thirty-three 1941 = forty-one 1958 = fifty-eight 1975 =
seventy-five 1990 = ninety
For the years after 2000 you can use thousand and: 2001 = two thousand and one 2005 = two thousand and five 2009 = two thousand and
nine
For years after 2010 you can use two words.
2010 = two thousand and ten or twenty ten
2012 = two thousand and twelve or twenty twelve
2020 = two thousand and twenty or twenty twenty
Conversations
Eshe: What year is it? Chieko: What year is it?
Olivier: Two thousand and fourteen. Elliott: Twenty twenty.
Alex: What year is it? Imogen: What year is it?
Darcy: It’s twenty ten. Lilly: Twenty fourteen.
Date of birth You can ask:

When were you born? What year were you born in?
What’s your date of birth? What season were you born in?
What month were you born in?
What year were you born?
What month were you born? What date were you born on?
What date were you born? What day were you born on?
What day were you born?
You can answer:
My date of birth’s [+ date].

I was born on a [+ day].
I was born in [+ year/month/season].
or just the year, month, date or day.
I was born on [+ date].
Examples
Use in [+ years, months/seasons]: I was born in nineteen eighty five.
Were you born in March?
Were you born in the spring?

Use on with dates and days: I was born on the seventh November.
Were you born on a Monday?
My date of birth’s the fifth of March.
I was born in two thousand and two.
I was born in the summer.
I was born in September.
I was born on the twenty-sixth of December.
I was born on a Friday.
You can ask: Is your date of birth [+ date]?

Were you born in [+ year/season/month]?
Were you born on [+ date/day]?
You can answer: Yes.Yep No.
13.3 The past of be

Positive Questions Negatives
I was was I? I wasn’t
you were were you? you weren’t
he/she/it was was he/she/it? he/she/it wasn’t
we were were we? we weren’t
they were were they? they weren’t
Examples
I was born in nineteen eighty-nine. When were you born? She wasn’t born in twenty ten.
You were born in nineteen seventy-two. What date was he born? They weren’t born in two thousand.
Tristan was born in nineteen ninety. Was I born in nineteen twenty? He wasn’t born before nineteen seventy.
We were born in April. When was Hazel born? I wasn’t born yesterday.
Were we born in the same year?
What year were they born?
Conversations
Aafreen: When were you born? Devak: What year were you born?
Lottie: In nineteen ninety-two. Padraig: Two thousand and three.
Guillaume: What’s your date of birth? Déwu: Were you born in April?
Mya: The fifth of September. Billy: No, I wasn’t.
Abdul: What day were you born? Firoz: What’s your date of birth?
Abhiram: I was born on a Monday. Fumito: I was born on the eighth of January.
What month were you
An Toán: Soledad: When were you born?
born in?
Sienna: May. Jungyoon: I was born in two thousand.
Skye: What year were you born? Debdan: Were you born in two thousand and six?
Bourey: I was born in 2010. Venezia: Yes, I was.
Daw: What year were you born in?
Laurent: Nineteen eighty four.
Deodan: What date were you born?
Violetta: I was born on the sixteenth of June.
Vocabulary
A
a bit (adv.) quite, some, not a lot a lot (adj. adv. pr.)
1. much; very much
2. many ability (n.) capability, skill I have the ability to do something = I can do something, I know how to do something about (adj.)
approximately, more or less activity (n.) something you do actually (int.) by the way add (v.) say more; also say address (n.) where you live:
house number, street name, town and country adult (n.) grown-up; mature person; not a child advice (n.) what you should do; recommendation;
a good thing to do after (adv.) later, next, e.g. 10pm’s after 9pm, Tuesday’s after Monday afternoon (n.) 12:00-17:00, after noon, after 12pm
against (pr.) disagreeing with; opposed to; doesn’t follow the rules of; not following the ideas of age (n.) how old you are, e.g. I’m 35 years old,
my age = 35 years old ago (adv.) before in 2014, 4 years ago = 2010 on Monday, 3 days ago = Friday at 5pm, 2 hours ago = 3pm aisle (n.)
passage in a shop, between the shelves in a shop all (adj. pr.) every; everything; the whole of; the entirety of; completely allergic (adj.) I’m
allergic to something =
I can’t eat something, eating something makes me ill, consuming something makes me sick; breathing/touching something makes me ill along
(adv.) from one part to another; the length of already (adv.) before now, previously, earlier, in the past alright (adj.) OK, fine, quite good also
(adv.) as well, too, in addition ambitious (adj.) wants to do well, e.g. at work, wants to advance ambulance (n.) hospital vehicle, hospital van
angry (adj.) upset, cross, displeased, mad anniversary (n.) celebration of past event, often wedding anniversary; when you got married; when
you started your relationship annoyed (adj.) a bit angry annoying (adj.) irritating, makes you a bit angry another (pr.)
1. 1 more
2. a different 1
answer (n.v.) answer (v.)
1. response to a question, reply to an inquiry: question? answer.
2. (phone) pick up; say hello anxious (adj.) worried, nervous, a bit scared anything (pr.) a thing (not specific) anywhere (pr.) a place (not
specific) apple (n.) a type of fruit appointment (n.) time when you see a doctor/nurse/hairdresser/lawyer etc.
approximate (adj.) not specific, not accurate architecture (n.) buildings, building design, construction style area (n.) region, part, subsection
around (adv.) along the outside of something, circular movement arrange (v.) organise, plan, make happen arrive (v.) start being in a place,
get to a place art (n.) creative activity; creative products e.g. painting, drawing as well (adv.) also, too, in addition ask (v.) say a question; make
a request at last (adv.) finally, in the end, after a wait ATM (n.) cash machine, place where you get money attention (n.) notice, interest,
thought, seeing and listening aunt (n.) parent’s sister ♀ (see family tree, page 27) autumn (n.) September, October, November (in the UK)
available (adj.)
1. free, unoccupied, not in use
2. not sold, not bought, free to buy awful (adj.) very bad, terrible
B
backache (n.) when your back hurts bakery (n.) shop that makes and sells bread, cakes and pastries balcony (n.) area outside on the 1st +
floors, area to sit outside, above the ground bank (n.) place where you get/leave money, place where you deposit/withdraw cash bar (n.) place
to drink alcohol, place that serves alcohol barbers (n.) place where you get your hair cut (for men) baseball (n.) type of American sport
basketball (n.) sport played with a ball and hoops bathroom (n.) toilet, shower; room with toilet/shower/bath/sink be born (v.) enter the world
(as a baby), leave your mother’s womb be sick (v.) vomit beach (n.) place by the sea; place to swim/sunbathe beautiful (adj.) very pretty,
gorgeous, good-looking beauty (n.) beautiful woman, very pretty girl bed (n.) furniture you sleep on bedroom (n.) room where you sleep beef
(n.) type of meat, meat from a cow beer (n.) type of alcoholic drink before (adv.) earlier, previously e.g. 9pm’s before 10pm, Monday’s before
Tuesday behind (adj.) at the back of, to the back of, not in front of belong (v.) be someone’s, be of someone; if something belongs to someone,
they own it; it belongs to me = it’s mine best (adj.) most good, most superior big (adj.) large, not small blood (n.) red liquid inside the body
blood test (n.) when the doctor tests your blood book (n.) thing you read; novel, e.g. War and Peace, Of Mice and Men boring (adj.) not
interesting, not fun, tedious boss (n.) person in charge at work bottle (n.) thing you keep liquid in, e.g. wine bottle, water bottle boy (n.) young
male person; child ♂
boyfriend (n.) romantic partner ♂
bread (n.) type of food you use for sandwiches break (v.) damage, harm, separate into more than 1 piece; make not work/not function
breakfast (n.) morning meal, usually eaten 6am-10am breathe (v.) inhale and exhale; take the oxygen you need; take the air you need bridge
(n.) road that goes over a river/road/railway broken (pp.) damaged, harmed; in more than 1 piece; not working, not functioning brother (n.)
sibling ♂ , your parents’ son (see family tree, page 27) browse (v.) look but not buy brunch (n.) mid-morning or midday meal, usually eaten
10am-1pm brush your teeth (v.) clean your teeth buddy (n.) friend, mate (informal) bug (n.)
1. illness, sickness, disease
2. insect; small creature bus (n.) public transport on the road, big vehicle for many people bus stop (n.) place where you catch the bus, place
where you wait for the bus busy (adj.) with lots to do, with lots of tasks, with little free time, occupied but (conj.) opposes 2 things buy (v.)
purchase, get with money, acquire with cash by (adj.) next to, near
C
café (n.) place to drink hot drinks, eat cakes, sandwiches and small meals cake (n.) sweet food, dessert/pudding calamari (n.) type of seafood
call (v. n.) ring, contact by telephone called (p.p) named, with the name of calm (adj.) quiet, peaceful, serene, composed, not stressed, not
excitable can (v.) be able to; to do with ability/possibility/permission can’t (v.) negative of can capital (n.) main city, principal city, biggest city
car (n.) private vehicle e.g. Volkswagen, Ferrari, Mitsubishi, BMW, Hyundai carnival (n.) Catholic festival, usually in February carrot (n.) orange
vegetable carry on (v.) continue, keep going, not stop cathedral (n.) big important place of Christian worship (bigger than a church) cell (n)
mobile, portable phone e.g iPhone, Samsung, Galaxy…
Centre (n.) middle; important part; shopping district change (n.) smaller coins, e.g. change for £5 = 5 x £1, 10 x 50p, or 25 x 5p changing
room (n.) place you change clothes, place you try on clothes charmer (n.) someone charming, someone people like cheap (adj.) not expensive,
doesn’t cost much money check (v.) confirm, make sure, verify chef (n.) someone who cooks for their job chess (n.) game with 32 pieces and a
black and white board chicken (n.)
1. type of white meat
2. animal, bird child (n.) young person, kid, descendant children (n. pl.) plural of child chips (n.) fried food made of potatoes chocolate
mousse (n.) type of dessert, pudding choice (n.) what you choose; when you choose choke (v.) not be able to breath; have something caught in
the throat choose (v.) make a choice, decide, decide between options church (n.) Christian place of worship (smaller than a cathedral)
cigarette (n.) thing you smoke cinema (n.) place to watch films city (n.) big town, important town civil war (n.) war between different people
in 1 country, conflict between different groups in the same country clever (adj.) intelligent, not stupid close (adj.) near, not far clothes (n.) what
you wear, garments, attire e.g. trousers, jacket, hat clothing (n.) what you wear, garments, attire e.g. trousers, jacket, hat club (n.) place to
drink alcohol, listen to music and dance coffee (n.) hot drink with caffeine cold (adj.) not hot, not warm; low temperature colleague (n.)
someone you work with combine (v.) put together; use together; join together e.g. combine 1 and 2 -> 3 or 12; combine red and yellow ->
orange come (v.) go here, move near, get closer comedian (n.) someone funny, someone entertaining computer (n.) machine for documents,
internet, email, games etc.
computer games (n.) games you play on a computer/console condition (n.) something that must be true for something else to be true;
something that needs to happen for something else to happen e.g. I’ll eat breakfast on condition that I’m hungry; I’ll go to bed on condition that
I’m tired confident (adj.) not scared, not shy, sure that you can do things well confirm (v.) make sure, be certain, check, ascertain, when you
know but want to be certain confirmation (n.) when you make sure, when you check cook (v.) make food (with heat) cool (adj.) good correct
(v.) tell someone they’re wrong; say the right answer cost (v.) sell for; be valued at could (v.) be able to, to do with ability/possibility/permission
country (n.) nation, homeland e.g. Britain, the US, Australia, Germany, China, Mozambique countryside (n.) rural area, not in town, not the city
couple (n.)
1. 2
2. boyfriend and girlfriend; husband and wife; partners etc.
course (n.)
1. programme of learning, programme of study
2. part of a meal, e.g. starter, main course, dessert/pudding cousin (n.) your aunt and uncle’s child ♂/♀ (see family tree, page 27) crazy (adj.)
mad, insane crime (n.) something against the law e.g. murder, robbery cross (v.) go from one side to another; travel over something; travel
through something crowded (adj.) with a lot of people; with a lot of things; with not much space curious (adj.) Interested; wants to know things
curtain (n.)
1. material that covers windows
2. material to get dressed behind, material to take your clothes off behind cut (v. pp.) injure with something sharp; divide with a knife; make
bleed cycle (v.) travel by bicycle, go by bike
D
dad (n.) father, parent ♂ (informal, see family tree, page 27) dance (v.) move to music date (n.) day, month and/or year, e.g. 12th April 2010
date of birth (n.) date you’re born daughter (n.) child ♀ (see family tree, page 27) day (n.) 24 hours; Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday etc.
degree (n.) amount, extent, how much of something, e.g. how high, how tall etc.
department store (n.) big shop that sells a lot of different things, large store that has many different things depressed (adj.) sad, unhappy,
down description (n.) describes someone/something, tells you what someone/something’s like dessert (n.) 3rd dish in a meal, sweet course,
pudding diary (n.) calendar, something you write your plans in did (v.) past of do different (adj.) not the same, distinct difficult (adj.) hard,
challenging, not easy dinner (n.) meal, main meal, principal meal, evening meal (6pm-9pm); midday meal (12pm-2pm) directions (n.) how to
get to a place, how to arrive somewhere, where something is disgusting (adj.)
1. horrible, very bad, really bad
2. something disgusting = something you don’t want to eat/see/touch dislike (v.) not like, hate distance (n.) how far something is, e.g. 12km,
2m, 3miles, 9 yards district (n.) area, region, part divorced (adj.) not married any more, ex-wife, ex-husband dizzy (adj.) feeling that
everything is going around, feeling like everything’s spinning, feeling that you might fall do (v.) make happen, carry out doctor (n.) medical
professional, Dr.
dog (n.) type of animal, type of pet door (n.) entrance down (adj.) sad, depressed, unhappy down (adv.) lower draw (v.) make art with
pencil/pen/charcoal etc.
drink (n.)
1. liquid for drinking, e.g. tea, coca cola, water 2. alcohol for drinking, e.g. wine, beer, cocktail drink (v.)
1. consume liquids
2. consume alcohol drive (v.) operate car/van/lorry, travel by car/van/lorry drunk (adj.) inebriated, after drinking a lot of alcohol dry (adj.) not
wet, lacks moisture dump (n.) not nice place; ugly place; boring place; dangerous place
E
each (pr.) every 1; per 1
early (adv.) near the beginning; before normal, before expected Earth (n.) the world, this planet easy-going (adj.) relaxed, calm eat (v.)
consume food eat out (v.) eat in a restaurant/not at home elephant (n.) big grey animal from Africa/Asia else (adv.)
1. more
2. different, other, alternative email (n.)
1. electronic communication, internet letter
2. email address, e.g. james123@gmail.com
email (v.) send an email emergency (n.) something urgent, critical situation emphasise (v.) make obvious, make important, show importance
of energetic (adj.) needs a lot of energy (sport, activity); has a lot of energy (person) enough (pr.) sufficient, all you need, as much as
necessary enquire (v.) ask entrée (n.) 1st dish in a meal, dish you start with, starter estate agent (n.) person that sells/rents property estate
agents (n.)
1. company that sells/rents property, organisation that sells/rents property
2. plural of estate agent evening (n.) after the afternoon and before night; roughly 17:00-21:00
every (adj.) all; each one everything (pr.) all things, each thing ex-husband (n.) not your husband any more, divorced ♂
ex-wife (n.) not your wife any more, divorced ♀
exam (n.) test, assessment in school or university e.g. Maths exam, English exam excellent (adj.) very good, fantastic, wonderful, great excited
(adj.) pleased; agitated; energetic exciting (adj.) interesting; fun; energetic; it excites you exist (v.) be present; be expensive (adj.) not cheap,
costs a lot of money
F
faint (v.) lose consciousness, fall unconscious fall asleep (v.) go to sleep, start sleeping fall over (v.) go down suddenly, hit the ground
unintentionally, go down, fall family (n.) your relatives: your mother, your father, your sisters, your brothers, your children…
famous (adj.) well known, generally known fantastic (adj.) very good, excellent, wonderful, great far (n.) distant, not near, not close father (n.)
dad, parent ♂
feel (v.) have a sensation; have an emotion feeling (n.) sensation; emotion festival (n.) large celebration, often with food, music and drink few
(det.) not many; about 3-4
films (n.) movies, what you see at the cinema or on DVD
find (v.) locate, discover; look for find out (v.) discover; get information about something, learn about fine (adj. adv.) well, ok, quite good finish
(v.) end, terminate, conclude, complete fireplace (n.) place in a room with a fire, place at the bottom of a chimney flat (n.) property with 1 floor
(to live), dwelling on 1 level, property in a building with other properties flirt (n.) someone who shows sexual attraction to people, but not
seriously floor (n.)
1. thing you walk on, ground, has carpet, tiles, floorboards etc.
2. level of a building, level of a house, e.g. ground floor, 1st floor, 2nd floor floorboards (n. pl.) wooden floors, floors made of wood flu (n.) type
of illness, sickness; typically a headache, weakness, pains, sneezes and coughing follow (v.) go after, go behind, pursue food (n.) what you eat,
e.g. chicken, pasta, chips, ice cream, pizza foot (n.) body part, at the bottom of your legs, what you walk on, what you put in shoes (see page
27) football (n.) soccer; type of game/sport forget (v.)
1. not remember, lose the memory of, be unable to remember
2. stop thinking about formal (adj) as of the behaviour required at work, in ceremonies etc.
fountain (n.) decoration with water, monument with water free (adj.)
1. available, unoccupied, not in use
2. costs nothing, no price French (adj.) from France frequency (n.) regularity, how often you do something, how many times something happens
frequently (adv.) often, usually friend (n.) someone you like, someone you see socially, buddy, mate friendly (adj.)
1. (person) sociable, nice, talkative
2. (place) warm, happy, with friendly people frightened (adj.) scared, worried frightening (adj.) scary, worrying, makes you
frightened/scared/worried fun (adj.) entertaining, enjoyable (have) fun enjoy yourself, be entertained future (n.) after now, today +; on 31st
December 2020, the future = 1st January 2021 +; today = now; tomorrow= the future
G
gallery (n.) place with art, place to see art garden (n.) your land next to your house, outside space of your property, green space behind/in front
of your property, yard garden (v.) care for the plants in your garden, look after your garden gas station (n.) place to buy gas/petrol gay (adj.)
homosexual, attracted to the same sex general (adj.) not specific, not particular generous (adj.) giving genius (n.) very clever person,
incredibly intelligent person Georgian (adj.) from the Georgian period (1714–1837) get (v.)
1. arrive
2. achieve
3. acquire
4. buy, purchase
5. become
6. bring, fetch, carry get dressed (v.) put on your clothes get up (v.)
1. leave your bed, wake up and get out of bed
2. go up, climb up gin (n.) type of alcoholic drink, type of spirit girl (n.) young female person; child ♀ ; young lady girlfriend (n.) romantic
partner♀
give (v.) provide, hand over, pass glad (adj.) happy go (v.)
1. travel to a place, travel somewhere
2. travel somewhere for an activity e.g. go drinking, go dancing go out (v.) go to bars; go to clubs; go to the cinema; go to the theatre; go to a
restaurant etc.
gone (p.p.) not here anymore; no longer available good (adj.) positive adjective, great, fine gown (n.) light clothing worn by patients, loose
clothes worn in hospitals grandchild (n.) your child’s child ♀/♂
grandchildren (n.) your child’s children, plural of grandchild ♀/♂
granddaughter (n.) your child’s daughter ♀ (see family tree, page 27) grandmother (n.) your parent’s mother ♀ (see family tree, page 27)
grandfather (n.) your parent’s father ♂ (see family tree, page 27) grandson (n.) your child’s son ♂ (see family tree, page 27) great (adj.) very
good, excellent, fantastic, wonderful guess (v) estimate, conjecture guitar (n.) musical instrument with strings gym (n.) place to do exercise,
place to work out
H
hair (n.) what’s on your head, strands on your head and body hairdressers (n.) place to get a haircut, place to get your hair styled (for women)
half (n.) ½, 0.5, 50%
hang on (v.) wait happen (v.) occur, take place happy (adj.) content, pleased, not sad Happy Birthday! what you say on someone’s birthday
hard-working (adj.) works hard, works a lot hat (n.) clothing for your head hate (v.) dislike a lot, not like at all he (pr.) ♂ singular, 3rd person,
subject pronoun headache (n.) when your head hurts healthy (adj.)
1. good for you, not fatty, has a lot of vitamins
2. not sick, not ill
3. in good shape, fit, not fat etc.
hear (v.) perceive a sound, listen (have a good) heart be nice, be kind, be sincere heart attack (n.) when your heart stops suddenly; an
emergency with your heart heaven (n.)
1. very nice place; lovely situation
2. place you go when you die heavy (adj.) (weight) not light help (v.) aid, assist here (adv.) the place where you are high (adj.) (things) not
short, big, tall hike (v.) walk in the countryside hill (n.) rise in the ground; slope in the road historic (adj.) old, old and famous, with a history
history (n.) the past; what happened in the past hit (v.) touch with force; touch and give pain; slap; punch hobbies (n. pl.) things you like doing,
activites you do in your spare time holiday (n.) vacation, time off home (n.) place where you live hometown (n.) town you’re from, town you
come from
I’m from Las Vegas = my hometown’s Las Vegas
I come from Henfield = Henfield’s my hometown honest (adj.) tells the truth, doesn’t lie; doesn’t cheat horrible (adj.)
1. very bad, really bad
2. disgusting horse riding (n.) travel by horse hospital (n.) place you go when you’re sick/ill, institution you go to when you’re injured hostel
(n.) place to stay, place you pay to sleep (cheap) hot (adj.) high temperature, not cold hotel (n.) place to stay, place you pay to sleep hour (n.)
1 hour = 60 minutes house (n.) building people live in, dwelling, home house wine (n.) the restaurant’s wine, cheap wine housemate (n.)
someone you live with, someone you share a house with housework (n.) work done in the house, e.g. cleaning, cooking, ironing hungry (adj.)
when you want food, when you want to eat hurt (v.) give pain; damage; make you say ‘ow’
husband (n.) man you are married to ♂ (see family tree, page 27) hypothetical (adj.) not real, not true; possible; improbable
I
I (pr.) singular, 1st person, subject pronoun I’ll (v.) for future plans ice cream (n.) type of cold dessert/pudding idiot (n.) stupid person ill (adj.)
sick, unwell, poorly, unhealthy informal (adj) as of behaviour when with friends, casual and familiar information (n.) facts about a situation,
thing, person etc.
instructions (n.) what you need to do, orders intellectual (n.) clever person; person interested in literature, art, history, science etc.
intention (n.) what you want to do; what you’ll do; what you plan to do interest (n.) curiosity; entertainment interested (adj.) curious about,
want to know more about interesting (adj.) fascinating, intellectually stimulating introduce (v.)
1. tell someone who someone else is
2. (introduce yourself) tell someone who you are introduction (n.) when you tell someone who someone else is it (pr.)
1. thing; object
2. ♂/♀ singular, 2nd person, subject/object pronoun
J
jacket (n.) clothing for your upper body; clothes you wear outside; small coat jewellers (n.) shop that sells jewellery, place that sells gold, silver,
diamonds etc.
jigsaw (n.) type of game jog (v.) run; type of exercise joke (v.) not be serious; try to be funny/humorous; say something funny/humorous just
(adv.) only
K
kayak (n.) type of boat and paddle kayak (v.) do a sport with a boat and paddle keep (v.)
1. continue doing something
2. do something a lot, do something repeatedly
3. have something for a long time; have something permanently key (adj.) important, necessary, vital kid (n.) child (informal) kind (n.) type,
version kinda (adv.) Pretty, quite and kinda are usually less than very, so: very good > quite good > good very bad > quite bad > bad kitchen
(n.) room where you cook/eat; place where you cook/eat klutz (n.) clumsy person know (v.) have knowledge; be aware
L
landmark (n.) obvious place; famous place; important place late (adv.) near the end; after normal; after expected later (adv.) more late
layabout (n.) lazy person lazy (adj.) doesn’t work a lot, isn’t energetic learn (v.) study; memorize; discover; find out; memorize leave (v.)
1. go, go from a place
2. not take something; forget something in a place left (adj. adv.)
1. turn left
2. remaining length (n.) how long something is, e.g. 2m, 1km; 5 hours, 3 days less (adj. adv.) a smaller amount, a smaller quantity e.g. 2 is less
than 3, 4 is less than 5
let (v.) allow, permit let’s making a plan; making a suggestion liar (n.) lies, doesn’t say the truth light (adj.) not heavy, doesn’t weigh a lot like
(adj.) similar to like (v.) enjoy; think is good listen (v.) hear, perceive a sound, appreciate a sound little (adj.) small, tiny live (v.) inhabit, reside
lively (adj.)
1. (person) energetic, happy
2. (place) lots of things to do, lots of activity long (adj.) not short, lengthy look at (v.)
1. see, direct your eyes to, perceive visually, observe
2. consider look for (v.) search for, try to find, attempt to locate love (v.)
1. (things, activities, etc.) like a lot
2. (people) have strong affectionate/romantic feelings for lovely (adj.)
1. (people) very nice, very kind, has a good heart
2. (things) great, very nice, fantastic loving (adj.) shows love for someone/people lunch (n.) 2nd meal of the day, usually eaten 12pm-2pm
M
mad (adj.) US UK mad = angry mad = crazy magazine (n.) thing you read, e.g. Hello! and Ok!
main (adj.) principal; biggest; most important main (n.) main course; main dish; 2nd course in a meal make (v.) create, produce mall (n.)
shopping centre, place with a lot of shops man (n.) male adult ♂
married (adj.) has a husband; has a wife matter (n.) problem; important question may (v.) possibly might, it may happen = it’s possible meal
(n.) thing you eat (not a snack) e.g. breakfast, brunch, lunch, dinner, supper mealtimes (n.) times when you eat meals, e.g. breakfast time,
lunch time, dinner time, supper time mean (v.) intend to say, want to say, try to say meet (v.)
1. speak to a person for the 1st time
2. see someone at a place, come together for an event/activity menu (n.) list of food/drink available met (p.p) past participle of meet method
(n.) way you do something, manner you do something metropolis (n.) very big city, often the capital city middle aged (adj) not old, not young;
about 40–55 years old might (adv.) possibly, may; it might happen = it’s possible milk (n.) type of drink, white liquid, usually from a cow mind
(v.) not like, dislike, be annoyed by, object to mine (pr.) belongs to me, my name -> mine my birthday -> mine missed call (n.) phone call you
don’t answer, telephone call you don’t pick up mobile (n.) phone, portable telephone, phone you carry in your pocket/bag, cell modern (adj.)
new, not old, recent, from now money (n.) currency e.g. $ £ € ¥
month (n.) 1 month = 28–31 days, January, February, March etc.
mood (n.) how you feel; e.g. good mood, bad mood, angry mood more (adj. adv.) extra, in addition; increased morning (n.) AM, 12am-11:59am
mosque (n.) Muslim place of worship most (adj.) majority motoroway (n.) big, fast road, road with many lanes, and a lay-by movie (n.) film,
thing you watch at the cinema or on DVD
much (adj. adv. pr.) a lot, a large quantity mum (n.) mother; parent ♀ (informal, see family tree, page 27) museum (n.) place with
interesting/historical/scientific things to see, e.g. history museum, science museum music (n.) thing you listen to, sound you dance to
N
name (n.) what you’re called, e.g. Sarah: My name’s Sarah nationality (n.) refers to the country you legally belong to, e.g. English (England),
German (Germany), American (America), Ethiopian (Ethiopia) near (adj.) close, not far necessary (adj.) needed, required, crucial, fundamental,
indispensable, obligatory need (v.) require; lack something you need (something necessary) negative (adj.) not positive, bad, unfortunate
neighbourhood (n.) area where people live, residential area nephew (n.) your sister’s son, your brother’s son ♂ (see family tree, page 27) new
(adj.) not old (things, not people) newspaper (n.) something you read e.g. The Times or The Daily Mail next to (adj.) physically adjacent, by, on
the right/left of nice (adj.) 1. (person) kind, lovely, good 2. (thing) good, great niece (n.) your sister’s daughter, your brother’s daughter ♀ (see
family tree, page 27) night (n.) darkness, about 9pm-5am noisy (adj.) loud, a lot of noise normal (adj.) what you usually do, what usually
happens not (adv.) negative, I’m not good, I’m not bad not really no (polite) nothing (pr.) not anything, zero, 0
now (adv.) at this moment, at this time, nowadays, these days at 2pm, now = 2pm, in June, now = June, in 2014, now = 2014
numb (adj.) no feeling, no sensation number (n.)
1. digits, figures e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4
2. quantity, amount
3. telephone number, phone number nurse (n.) type of medical professional, subordinate to doctor
O
of course yes; obviously offer (v.) give; say you’ll give; say you want to give office (n.) place where someone works, usually with a desk and a
computer, e.g. lawyer’s office, estate agent’s office, secretary’s office, accountant’s office often (adv.) a lot of times, many times; regularly,
frequently; usually oil (n.) liquid for cooking, liquid for salads, yellow liquid made from olives, sunflowers, vegetables etc.
old (adj.) aged; not young; not new olive (n.) a green or black vegetable, a food often eaten for starters once (adv.) one time one (n.) 1 (see the
numbers on page 165) online (adv.) on the internet only (adj. adv.) just open-minded (adj.) considers different opinions, doesn’t reject
different ideas operation (n.) type of medical process in a hospital oppose (v.) put against; contradict; conflict order (n.) food and drink you ask
for at a restaurant/in a bar order (v.)
1. ask for, demand, require
2. instruct, tell to do (go) out (v.) go to bars; go to clubs; go to the cinema; go to the theatre; go to a restaurant etc.
outgoing (adj.) sociable, talkative, not shy outskirts (n.) edge of a town/city, outer part of a town/city, far from the centre overcooked (adj.)
cooked too much; burnt
P
pain (n.) hurt, makes you say ‘ow’
paint (v.) make art with brush and paint parent (n.) mother or father, mum or dad ♂/♀
park (n.) green area in a village/town/city, area of grass and trees part (n) section, bit, element partner (n.) romantic partner; boyfriend;
girlfriend ♂/♀
party (n.) celebration, often with food, drink and music (have the) patience of a saint be very patient, not get angry easily, not get bored easily
pattern (n.) system, method, structure pay (v.) give money; exchange money for something pen (n.) thing you write with people (n.) plural of
person, individuals perhaps (adv.) possibly, maybe permission (n.) allows/permits someone to do something, lets people do something
personal (adj.) intimate; between good friends; private petrol station (n.) place to buy petrol/gas pharmacy (n.) place to buy medicines, place
to take your prescription phone (n.) telephone, e.g. mobile phone, cell phone, home phone…
piano (n.) musical instrument pill (n.) type of medicine pizza (n.) type of food; round Italian food with cheese and tomato place (n.) location,
position, somewhere; town, area, country etc.
plan (n.) intention, idea for the future, idea for what to do plate (n.) thing you eat your food off play (v.)
1. do a sport
2. make music
3. take part in a game please (adv) polite addition to requests plural (adj.) more than 1, 1 +
police station (n.) where the police are, where you go if there’s crime polite (adj) civil, courteous, how it’s nice to behave, how you should
behave polluted (adj.) with bad/dirty/unhealthy air; with bad/dirty/unhealthy water pond (n.) small area of water in your garden; small pool of
water in a park poor (adj.) not rich, little money positive (adj.) good, fortunate, not negative, affirmitive possibility (n.) something that may
happen; something that you could do; chance that something might happen possible (adj.) it may happen; you could do it; it might be (less than
probable) post code (n.) code for your address, code for where you live, zip code (US) post office (n.) where you send letters, where you post
parcels powder (n.)
1. dry, loose substance made of small particles; substance similar to flour, sugar
2. medicine you can dissolve practise (v.) do many times and improve prefer (v.) like more prescription (n.) thing the doctor gives you to get
medicine, paper you take to the pharmacy to get medicine pretty (adj.) (women) beautiful, good-looking pretty (adv.) Pretty and quite are
usually less than very, so: very good > pretty good > good very bad > pretty bad > bad price (n.) how much something costs, quantity you pay
for something, e.g. £12.99, €13,55, $1.50, ¥10 etc.
problem (n.) difficulty property (n.)
1. building or area of land: house, flat, land etc.
2. thing that belongs to someone pudding (n.) 3rd dish in a meal, sweet course, dessert purpose (n.) why you do something, reason for doing
something, what you want to achieve put on (v.) get dressed e.g. put on trousers, put on a shirt, put on a hat pyjamas (n.) clothes you wear in
bed, clothes for the night time
Q
quantity (n.) amount, number quarter (n.) ¼, 0.25, 25%
question (n.) sentence that asks for an answer: question? answer.
quiet (adj.)
1. not loud
2. not talkative quite (adv.) Quite is usually less than very, so: very good > quite good > good; very bad > quite bad > bad
R
range (n.) from lowest to highest, e.g. price range (£100-£200), distance range (2m-1km), weight range (1kg-5kg) rash (n.) skin irritation, marks
on your skin, allergic reaction reach (v.) arrive, get to, get as far as read (v.) get information from written words e.g. read books, read
magazines, read newspapers ready (adj.) prepared; are you ready to order? = do you know what you want? = have you chosen?
really (adv.)
1. Really makes something more, so: very good = really good = great very bad = really bad = awful
2. Truly, honestly; how are you? < how are you really?
3. Makes negatives polite, e.g. ‘I don’t really like it’
reason (n.) cause, why something happens, why someone does something recent (adj.) not long ago refund (n.) when a shop/restaurant
returns your money; when someone pays you back what you paid region (n) area of a country e.g. Texas in the US, Sussex in the UK, New South
Wales in Australia regular (adj.)
1. frequent, often
2. always at the same time
3. normal, average relax (v.)
1. do nothing
2. chill, de-stress relaxed (adj) not anxious, not stressed, calm relaxing (v.) makes you relaxed religion (n.) beliefs e.g. Christianity, Islam,
Buddhism remind (v.) make someone remember, tell someone something they should remember rent (v.) pay for on a temporary basis, pay for
monthly/weekly etc.; live in but not own; use but not own request (n.) something you ask for reserve (v.) arrange in advance, book in advance
rest (n.)
1. remainder, what’s left
2. relaxation, break restaurant (n.) place to eat out, establishment that serves food retirement (n) when you stop working because of your age
rich (adj.) has a lot of money right (adj.) correct, accurate, not wrong road (n.) street, where you drive/walk/travel rock (n.) type of music, hard
store roll (v.) turn and make a ball/tube shape rose (n.) type of flower roundabout (n.) place where cars turn rude (adj) not polite, likely to
cause offence run (v.) jog; exercise; move quickly
S
sad (adj.) unhappy safe (adj.) secure, not dangerous salad (n.) type of food made of vegetables e.g. lettuce, tomato, cucumber etc.
salmon (n.) type of fish same (adj.) equal, very similar sample (n.) example, section, selection sauce (n.) liquid on food e.g. pasta sauce,
ketchup, gravy, custard say (v.) speak, talk, communicate scary (adj.) frightening, makes you scared, makes you worry school (n.) place to
study for children/teenagers, place where kids/teens learn e.g. primary school, secondary school season (n.) part of the year, 3 months of the
year e.g. Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter seasoning (n.) salt and pepper section (n.) area, part see (v.) look at, watch, with the eyes selfish
(adj.) not generous, caring just about you sell (v.) exchange for money, give for cash send (v.) make something go somewhere, make something
go to someone (have a good) sense of humour be funny; find things funny, laugh a lot serious (adj.) doesn’t have a sense of humour, solemn,
earnest she (pr.) ♀ singular, 3rd person, subject pronoun shoe (n.) thing you wear on your feet shop (n.) place to buy things, place that sells
things shop (v.)
1. buy things
2. visit shops shop assistant (n.) person who works in a shop, person that helps in a shop short (adj.)
1. not tall, small
2. not long show (n) display; performance, e.g. a theatre show, a concert show (v.) display; indicate; present; expose to view; make obvious
shower (v.) wash; bathe; have a shower shy (adj.) not sociable, not friendly, frightened of social interaction sick (adj.)
1. ill, unwell
2. nauseous, like you’ll be sick (be) sick (v.) vomit similar (adj.) almost the same, alike sing (v.) make music with your voice single (adj.)
1. doesn’t have a boyfriend, girlfriend, partner, husband or wife
2. just 1; only 1
singular (adj.) 1; just 1; only 1; not plural sister (n.) sibling ♀, your parents’ child (see family tree, page 27) sit (v.) be on your bottom; move
into position on your bottom; be at the table situation (n.) time and/or place size (n.) how big something is, dimensions of something e.g. large
(L), medium (M), small (S), extra large (XL), extra small (XS) ski (v.) do sport with snow and skis skirt (n.) type of clothing for women sleep (v.)
rest with your eyes closed sleeve (n.) part of shirt/t-shirt/top for your arm slightly (adv.) a bit, a little, not very much slowly (adv.) at a slow
speed, not quickly small (adj.) little, not big sneeze (v.) suddenly expel air through your nose/mouth, say Achoo!
so (adv.) very so (conj.)
1. therefore, in conclusion; as a result
2. introduces a new sentence, question etc.
soccer (n.) football, type of game, type of sport sociable (adj.) talkative, friendly, likes being with people some (adj.) more than one, less than
all, a few someone (n.) a person, an individual something (n.) a thing, e.g. an object, an idea, a fact, a feeling sometimes (adv.) occasionally,
not always, now and then; rarely < sometimes < often somewhere (adv.) a place, a location son (n.) child ♂ (see family tree, page 27) soon
(adj.) in little time, not far in time, in the near future, quickly sore (adj.) painful, makes you say ‘ow’
speak (v.) talk, say specific (adj.) referring to one thing, particular, exact spell (v.) say the letters that make up a word sports (n. pl.) athletic
games, things you play e.g. basketball, baseball, football sporty (adj.) likes sports; good at sports sprain (v.) twist, pull, move in a way that
damages the muscle Spring (n.) March, April, May (in the UK) start (v.) begin, initiate, do first starter (n.) 1st dish in a meal, dish you start with,
entrée statue (n.) monument, usually of a person stay (v.) not leave, be in a place for a long time stepfather (n.) your mother’s new husband
♂
stop (v.) finish, not continue, cease store (n.) shop, place to buy things street (n.) road, where you drive/walk/travel stressed (adj.) anxious,
worried, tired stressful (adj.) causes stress, causes worry, not relaxing studio flat (n.) flat with 1 room for bedroom/sitting room/kitchen, flat
with only bedroom and bathroom study (v.) learn; work; revise stuff (n.) things stupid (adj.) not clever, not intelligent sugar (n.) sweet powder
Summer (n.) June, July, August (in the UK); hot months sunbathe (v.) lie in the sun; be in the sun for a long time; get a tan sunny (adj.) when
the sun shines, no clouds supermarket (n.) shop that sells food, drink etc., store that sells groceries supper (n.) evening meal; usually 6pm-
9pm sure of course, ok swamped (adj.) very busy swim (v.) travel in water, move in the sea/swimming pool swimming pool (n.) artificial place
to swim swollen (pp.) bigger than usual, inflamed, dilated syllable (n.) part of a word e.g. big has 1 syllable; very has 2 syllables; hospital has 3
syllables sympathy (n.) when you feel bad for someone’s bad situation/feelings symptom (n.) problem that indicates your illness syrup (n.)
liquid medicine
T
table (n.) type of furniture, used for eating, studying etc.
tailors (n.) shop that makes/adjusts clothes take (v.)
1. remove
2. transport with you
3. consume, eat take off (v.) remove clothes, undress take out (n.) food from a restaurant that you eat at home talkative (adj.) talks a lot; likes
talking tall (adj.) not short; big taxi (n.) car you pay to take you places taxi rank (n.) place you wait for taxis, place taxis wait tea (n.)
1. hot drink
2. afternoon meal telephone (n.) phone, e.g. mobile phone, cell phone, home phone, etc.
tell (v.) say, inform (have a) temper (n.) get angry easily temperature (n.)
1. when you’re too hot; when you’re hotter than usual
2. how hot it is, how cold it is tennis (n.) type of sport played at Wimbledon, the American Open etc.
text (n.) message sent with mobile phone, message from cell phone text (v.) send message with mobile phone, send message from cell phone
thank (v.) say thank you/thanks/cheers, show gratitude thank you (adv.) polite response to favour/gift thanks (int.) thank you (informal) that
(pr.) something or someone there (i.e. not here); something or someone not nearby theatre (n.) place to see plays like Romeo and Juliet their
(pr.) belongs to them (♂/♀) they have a son called Jack = their son’s called Jack their retirement’s the 5th of April = they stop working on the 5th
of April then (adv.)
1. at that time, a time already mentioned
2. after that, afterwards there (adv.) not here; a place these (pl. pr.) plural of this they (pr.)
1. ♂/♀ plural, 3rd person, subject pronoun
2. ♂ / ♀ singular, 3rd person, unknown gender, subject pronoun thin (adj.) slim, not fat, not big thing (n.) general, not specific
object/idea/fact/feeling etc.
think (v.) have an opinion, believe this (pr.) something or someone here, something or someone nearby those (pr.) plural of that though (conj.)
but, however ticket (n.) thing that gives you access to something e.g. concert ticket, theatre ticket, cinema ticket till (conj.) until, before a
particular time e.g. till 12pm = until 12pm = before 12pm time (n.)
1. a point of day/night, e.g. 1:30, 2:00, 19:15.
2. an amount of time, e.g. 2 hours, 20 minutes, 3 days time of day (n.) part of the day e.g. morning, afternoon, evening, night tired (adj.) when
you need to sleep/rest tiring (adj.) makes you tired today (n.) this day together (adv.) in company; with each other, in combination tomorrow
(n.) the day after today e.g. if today’s Tuesday, tomorrow’s Wednesday; if today’s the 1st of March, tomorrow’s the 2nd of March tonight (n.) this
night, the night of today too (adv.)
1. as well, also
2. more than ideal, more than you want, more than advisable, more than is good tourist (n.) someone on holiday, someone visiting tourist
attraction (n.) something tourists like to visit, something tourists want to see tourist trap (n.) (negative) something tourists like to visit,
something tourists want to see town (n.)
1. urban area, not the countryside
2. centre of town, shopping district traffic lights (n.) place where cars stop with red, orange and green lights train (n.) public transport that
travels on rails train station (n.) place where you wait for trains, place where you catch trains travel (v.)
1. go
2. go to foreign countries, go to new places trouble (n.) difficulty, issue, worry trouble (v.) cause difficulty, cause issues, give worry trousers
(n.) type of clothing, type of clothes for your legs try (v.)
1. attempt; do your best
2. test; have a bit; see if you like turning (n.) when 1 road comes off another road TV (n.) television, what you watch films/movies on twice
(adv.) 2 times twist (v.) turn and cause damage twisted (pp.) turned in a way that caused damage type (n.) kind, version
U
uncertainty (n.) not certain, not sure, not knowing uncle (n.) parent’s brother; aunt’s husband ♂ (see family tree, page 27) under offer (adj.)
not available; someone’s offered for it, someone’s going to buy it undercooked (adj.) not cooked enough, still raw underpass way under a
road; path under train rails unite (v.) bring together; combine university (n.) place for learning/study, for adults 18+ years old (be) unlucky
(adj.) have bad luck; be in a bad situation; be unfortunate unspecific (adj.) not specific, not particular, not accurate, general until (conj.) till,
before a particular time e.g. until 12pm = till 12pm = before 12pm urgent (adj.) very important, emergency urine (n.) pee, liquid you expel
through your urethra useful (adj.) convenient, helpful
V
very (adv.) Very and really make something more, so: very good = really good = great very bad = really bad = awful Victorian (adj.) from the
Victorian era (1837–1901) view (v.) see; visit viewing (n.) when you go and see a property; when you visit a property village (n.) town, but very
small visit (v.) go to temporarily, go but not stay vomit (v.) expel food/drink through your mouth, be sick, throw up
W
wait (n. v.)
1. stay until something/someone is ready; stay till something happens
2. do nothing until something/someone’s ready; do nothing till something happens waiter (n.) person that works in a restaurant/café/bar, takes
orders, brings food etc. ♂/♀
waitress (n.) person that works in a restaurant/café/bar, takes orders, brings food etc. ♀
wake up (v.) stop sleeping, open your eyes, start the day walk (v. n.) go by foot, travel on foot want (v.) desire, hope war (n.) conflict, armed
disagreement warm (adj.) a bit hot, not very hot watch (v.) see, observe with your eyes water (n.) type of drink, liquid from the tap, H2O, what
you shower with way (n.)
1. manner, method
2. direction, path we (pr.) ♂/♀ plural, 1st person, subject pronoun weak (adj.) not strong; finds it difficult to do things week (n.)
1. 7 days; Monday-Sunday
2. Monday-Friday (i.e. not the weekend) weekend (n.) Saturday and Sunday well (adv.) good; happy; healthy wife (n.) woman you’re married to
♀ (see family tree, page 27) wine (n.) alcoholic drink, made with grapes winter (n.) December, January, February (in the UK); cold months
woman (n.) female adult ♀
women (n.) plural woman ♀ ♀
won’t future negative wooden (adj.) made of wood, made of material from trees word (n.) group of letters e.g. hello = 1 word; hello, I’m = 2
words; hello, I’m called = 3 words; hello, I’m called Katya = 4 words work (n.)
1. your job
2. place you do your job work (v.)
1. do your job; labour
2. study worry (n.) fear, concern worry (v.) be worried, be concerned write (v.) put words on paper, type words on a computer/phone wrong
(adj.) incorrect, not correct, not right
Y
year (n.) 1 year = 365 days, e.g. 1898, 1969, 2016 etc.
yellow (adj.) colour of the sun, lemons, butter etc.
yesterday (n.) the day before today: on Thursday, yesterday = Wednesday yoga (n.) type of exercise with stretching and chanting you (pr.) ♂ /
♀, single or plural, 2nd person, subject/object pronoun young (adj.) (people, animals) not old
Z
zebra crossing (n.) place to cross the road, place on road with black and white stripes zip code (n.) code for your address, code that shows
where you live, post code zoo (n.) place to visit animals
Question words
How? asks for the way things are done: how do you spell that? T-H-A-T
how do you go to work? by train how did you study English? with a book
How [+adjective/adverb]? asks about the degree of adjectives/adverb: how old are you? 31 years old how long is the bridge? 1.5km how
heavy is the flour? 1kg how often do you eat out? 3 times a week
How many? and how much? ask about the quantity: how much is the chicken? £5.99
how much does the bread cost? £0.84
how much do you like football? I love it how many times a week do you eat chicken? 5 times a week how many brothers do you have? I have 2
brothers
What? asks for information: what’s your name? Jo what date’s your birthday? the 7th of November what year were you born? 1973
what do you do in your spare time? I watch films what’s your sister like? she’s friendly what estate agent is this? Caledonian Road Estate
Agents what houses do you have in Camden? we have 2 3-bedroom houses in Camden
When? asks about time, date, day or year: when’s your birthday? the 6th May when were you born? 1987
when shall we go to the cinema? on Saturday when will you go to England? in the Spring when do you shower? in the evenings when does the
museum open? 9am
Where? asks about place: where are you from? France where do you live? Italy where’s Manchester? in the north of England where shall we go?
let’s go to America where’s the train station? next to the supermarket where can I find the cinema? it’s by the mall where are the carrots? they’re
in the vegetable section
Which? asks you to choose from a selection: which Washington? Washington, US, or Washington, UK?
which university? Oxford or Cambridge?
which colour? the red or the blue?
Who? asks about people: who’s that? that’s my wife who’s your boss? that’s him there who’s your doctor? Dr. Gutierrez who am I talking to? my
name’s James who did you speak to? I spoke to your colleague who lives in Washington? Barack Obama who lives in Downing Street? Theresa
May
Why? and how come? ask for a reason: why are you not good? I’m worried why are you called Rachel? my grandmother’s called Rachel why do
you like skiing? it’s fun how come you’re fantastic? I’m really happy how come you’re in France? I’m on holiday how come you don’t like books?
they’re boring Why? is for all situations, how come? is informal.

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Learn English

Improving Spoken English

Introduction: how to use this book

Using the book

Watch ﬁlms in English. Maybe try without subtitles.

Chapter 3: What’s your family like?

Chapter 4: Having fun! Making conversation

Chapter 5: Talking about your daily routine

Chapter 6: Are you busy? Making plans

Chapter 7: Visiting places

Chapter 9: Visiting the doctor

Chapter 10: A table for two please! Eating out

Chapter 11: A place to live – renting and buying houses

Chapter 12: How much is this? At the shops

Numbers, money, measurements, time and dates

Chapter 3: What’s your family like?

Chapter 4: Having fun! Making conversation

Chapter 6: Are you busy? Making plans

Chapter 9: Visiting the doctor

Chapter 12: How much is this? At the shops

What’s your name?

You can answer: My name’s…

Then you can ask: And you?

You can ask: What’s your…?

1.A What asks for

Lottie: Hello! What’s Aakar: Pleased to

1.1 Present tense of be Be

1.B How…? Sometimes asks about the

How do you spell that? With a ‘Z’.

How old are you?

How about you? is informal.

1.C How…? also asks for information

How old are you? 31 years old.

Where are you from?

You can answer: I’m from…

I’m from Taiwan. I come from Australia.

You can answer:

I’m Chinese. = I’m from China. = I come from China.

1.2 Describing where you

1.3 Asking where someone

1.E Which…? asks you to choose from

To show interest, you can say: Really?

George: Where do you come from?

Where do you live?

You can say: I live in…

You can ask: Do you live in…?

How about you? is informal.

Full name: Jason Richard

Pierre: Hi! What’s your name?

Visit the podcast at www.learnenglish1.education.

How’re you? How’s it going? Are you ok?

How’re you? is for all situations. How’s it going?,

You can answer: I’m…

good and OK are slightly informal.

You can also answer: Yes./Yep.

Yep and Nope are informal.

To talk about yourself in the present tense you use

Thank you! is for all situations; Thanks! and Cheers!