Subramanya Education Society ®

EAST WEST INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

#63, Off Magadi Road, Vishwaneedam Post, Near Anjana Nagar, Bangalore – 560091

Symposium On:
Advances In Biology & Nanotechnology:
Interdisciplinary Approaches & Future Prospects

By:
Dr. Shashi Shekhar T. R.
Professor
Department of Basic Science,
East West Institute of Technology
Bangalore – 560091, Karnataka.
E-mail: shashishekhartr@gmail.com,
Phone/M: +91-9980211355
Introduction

Welcome everyone, today we're going to explore

the fascinating world of nanotechnology! This
cutting-edge field is transforming the way we
approach everything from healthcare to
electronics, and its impact on our lives will only
continue to grow in the coming years.

But what exactly is nanotechnology? At its core, it

involves working with materials and structures that
are incredibly small - on the scale of just a few atoms
or molecules.

Despite their tiny size, these materials have big

potential when it comes to solving some of our
biggest challenges. From developing new cancer
treatments to improving energy efficiency,
nanotechnology is poised to revolutionize the way
we live and work.
What is Nanotechnology?

Nanotechnology is the study and

application of materials and devices
with dimensions at the nanoscale,
typically between 1 and 100
nanometers. This field has
revolutionized many areas of
research and development, from
electronics to medicine.
Applications in Research

Nanotechnology has a wide range of

applications in research, including:

•Drug delivery systems that can target

specific cells or tissues in the body.

•Nanoparticles for imaging and

sensing applications, such as
detecting cancer cells or
environmental pollutants.

•Nanofabrication techniques for

creating new materials with unique
properties, such as increased strength
or conductivity.
 Nanotechnology is
Transforming Different
Fields
Nanotechnology in Medicine

Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize

medicine as we know it. By using nanoscale
materials and devices, researchers can develop
targeted drug delivery systems that can deliver
drugs directly to cancer cells, reducing side effects
and improving treatment outcomes.

In addition, nanotechnology can also be used for

imaging purposes, allowing doctors to see inside
the body with unprecedented detail. For example,
nanoparticles can be used as contrast agents in MRI
scans, highlighting specific tissues or organs for
better diagnosis and treatment planning.
Gadolinium MRI
HOW MEDICATIONS GET ABSORBED
BY YOUR BODY
Nanotechnology in Electronics
Nanotechnology has revolutionized the field of
electronics by enabling the development of smaller
and more powerful devices.
 One example of this is the use of nanoscale
transistors in computer chips, which allows for
faster processing speeds and greater memory
capacity.
 Use of nanomaterials in batteries, which can
increase their energy density and lifespan.

Nanotechnology also has the potential to enable new

technologies that were previously impossible. For
example, researchers are exploring the use of
nanoscale sensors and actuators to create self-healing
materials that can repair themselves when damaged.

Nanotechnology is also being used to develop flexible

and transparent electronics, which could lead to the
creation of wearable devices and smart surfaces.
Nanotechnology in Energy
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the
energy industry by improving energy efficiency and
developing renewable energy sources. By using
nanomaterials and nanoscale structures, scientists are
able to create more efficient solar cells, batteries, and
fuel cells.

For example, researchers are developing nanowires

that can absorb more sunlight than traditional solar
cells, increasing their efficiency. Nanoparticles are
being used in batteries to improve their performance
and lifespan. And nanotubes are being explored as a
way to store hydrogen for use in fuel cells, which could
provide a clean and renewable source of energy.
Nanotechnology in Environment
Nanotechnology has the potential to
revolutionize the way we approach
environmental challenges. By developing new
materials and technologies at the nanoscale, we
can create more efficient and effective solutions
for problems like pollution and climate change.

One promising application of nanotechnology is

in the development of nano sensors that can
detect and monitor pollutants in the
environment. These sensors can be designed to
be highly sensitive and selective, allowing us to
detect even trace amounts of harmful substances
in air, water, and soil. Additionally, nanomaterials
can be used to remove pollutants from the
environment through processes like
photocatalysis and adsorption.
Nanotechnology in Agriculture
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize
agriculture by enabling more efficient and sustainable
farming practices. One example is the use of nano sensors to
monitor soil conditions and optimize fertilizer application.

These sensors can detect nutrient levels and moisture

content in real-time, allowing farmers to apply fertilizer only
where it's needed. This reduces waste and improves crop
yields while minimizing environmental impact.

Another potential application of nanotechnology in

agriculture is the development of nano pesticides. These are
plant protection products that use nanoparticles to target
pests and diseases more effectively.

Nano pesticides can be designed to release their active

ingredients slowly over time, providing longer-lasting
protection with less environmental impact.

Additionally, they can be targeted to specific pests or

diseases, reducing the need for broad-spectrum pesticides
that can harm beneficial insects and other organisms.
Nanotechnology in Textiles
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the
textile industry by creating fabrics with advanced
properties that were previously impossible to achieve. By
incorporating nanoparticles into textiles, it is possible to
create materials that are water-resistant, durable, and
antimicrobial. For example, researchers have developed
cotton fabrics that repel water and oil by coating the
fibers with silica nanoparticles. This technology could be
used to create clothing that stays dry even in heavy rain
or snow.

In addition to water resistance, nanotechnology can also

improve the durability of textiles. By adding
nanoparticles to fabrics, it is possible to create materials
that are stronger and more resistant to wear and tear. For
example, silver nanoparticles can be added to fabrics to
make them antimicrobial, which could be useful in
medical settings or for people with sensitive skin. Overall,
the potential applications of nanotechnology in textiles
are vast and could lead to the development of new and
innovative products that improve our lives.
Nanoelectronics
Nanoelectronics is a rapidly developing field that
focuses on the use of nanotechnology to create
electronic devices and circuits at the nanoscale level.
This involves manipulating individual atoms and
molecules to create components that are smaller,
faster, and more efficient than traditional electronics.
One example of this is the development of carbon
nanotube transistors, which have the potential to
replace silicon-based transistors in future electronic
devices.

Another area of research in nanoelectronics is the

use of quantum dots, which are tiny particles that can
emit light when excited by an external energy source.
These dots can be used to create highly efficient solar
cells, as well as advanced displays with brighter
colors and higher resolution. Overall, nanoelectronics
has the potential to revolutionize the electronics
industry and create new opportunities for innovation
and growth.
Nanotechnology in Space
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize
space exploration by enabling the development of
lightweight and durable materials, as well as advanced
sensors. For example, carbon nanotubes are incredibly
strong and lightweight, making them ideal for use in
spacecraft components such as fuel tanks and solar
panels. Additionally, nano sensors can be used to
detect and measure various environmental factors in
space, such as radiation levels and atmospheric
composition.

Current research and development in this field include

the use of nanoparticles to create self-healing
materials that can repair themselves in the harsh
conditions of space. Nanoparticles can also be used to
create advanced coatings that protect spacecraft from
debris and extreme temperatures. These innovations
have the potential to make space travel safer and more
efficient than ever before.
Nanotechnology in Sports

Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the

world of sports by improving equipment and
enhancing athletic performance. Scientists are
currently exploring the use of nanomaterials to
develop stronger and lighter sports equipment, such
as tennis rackets and golf clubs. By incorporating
nanoparticles into the structure of these materials,
they can increase their strength and durability without
adding extra weight.

In addition, nano sensors can be used to monitor

athletes' performance and provide real-time feedback
on their movements and technique. For example, nano
sensors embedded in running shoes can measure an
athlete's gait and detect any imbalances or
weaknesses that could lead to injury. This information
can then be used to design personalized training
programs and prevent injuries before they occur.
Nanotechnology in Cosmetics
Nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the
cosmetics industry by allowing for the development of
advanced products with enhanced properties. For
example, nanoparticles can be used to improve the
absorption of active ingredients into the skin, resulting
in more effective treatments. Additionally, nano
capsules can be used to encapsulate and protect
sensitive ingredients, such as vitamins and
antioxidants, from degradation and oxidation, leading
to longer-lasting effects.

Recent research has shown promising results in the

use of nanotechnology in cosmetics. For instance,
scientists have developed nanocarriers that can
deliver retinol, a popular anti-aging ingredient, deep
into the skin where it can be more effective. Similarly,
nano capsules have been used to encapsulate plant
extracts, such as green tea and chamomile, to enhance
their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
Potential Risks and Concerns
While nanotechnology has the potential to
revolutionize many fields, there are also potential
risks and concerns associated with its use. One of the
main concerns is the toxicity of nanoparticles, which
are small enough to enter cells and potentially cause
harm. It is important to study the effects of
nanoparticles on human health and the environment
to ensure their safe use.

Another concern is the environmental impact of

nanotechnology, particularly in terms of waste
disposal and energy consumption. The production and
disposal of nanomaterials can have negative effects on
the environment if not properly managed. It is
important to consider the life cycle of nanotechnology
products and their potential impact on the
environment.
Facilities Available
in EWIT
 Research Facilities

High temperature furnace for Probe Sonicator

nanoparticles preparation
UV-Visible spectrophotometer
(Liquid and Solid)

Fourier Transform Infrared

Spectrophotometer
 Photocatalytic
reactors

Electrochemical work station

(Battery, sensor, corrosion and
Supercapacitor applications)
Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Nanomaterials
Metal oxides,
ferrites, silicates,
composites and Solution
doped with combustion , Probe
Sonicator, sol- gel, Aloe vera gel ET- Latex BT-Latex
transition and co-precipitation
rare-earth metals method.

Characterized

Energy Photocatalysis
PXRD FTIR UV-Visible SEM TEM
storage
and sensor
POLYMER BASED
FLOORING

Stone chips M-sand dust

Mixing

Mould with Mixed sample

Tile
Green combustion Synthesis of Metal-Oxides

Metal Nitrate B T Plant latex

(Oxidizer(O)) Fuel (F)

Redox mixture

Rapid heating in muffel

furnace at 4000c

Foam

ZnO nano
powder
Experimental technique used for dye de-colorization

25 cm
125 W mercury vapor
lamp as UV light source

250 ml of Before degradation

dye solution

CGR surface
centrifuged area 176.6 cm2 After degradation
Conclusion
In conclusion, nanotechnology has the potential to
revolutionize various fields, including medicine,
electronics, energy, environment, agriculture, textiles,
and more. By manipulating materials at the nanoscale
level, scientists and engineers can create new
materials with unique properties and develop
advanced devices and systems that were once thought
impossible.

However, as with any emerging technology, there are

also potential risks and concerns associated with the
use of nanotechnology, such as toxicity and
environmental impact. It is important for researchers,
policymakers, and the public to work together to
ensure that nanotechnology is developed and used in a
responsible and ethical manner.
References

1. National Nanotechnology Initiative. (2019). What

is Nanotechnology? Retrieved from
https://www.nano.gov/nanotech-
101/what/definition

2. European Commission. (2018). Nanotechnology.

Retrieved from
https://ec.europa.eu/growth/sectors/nanotechn
ology_en

3. Zhang, L., & Webster, T. J. (2019).

Nanotechnology in Medicine: How
Nanoparticles Present New Opportunities in
Healthcare. Journal of Nanoparticle Research,
21(6), 139. doi:10.1007/s11051-019-4575-5.
Thank you