Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2022 Bio
2022 Bio
Question 1(i)
1. Manganese
2. Iron
3. Sodium
4. Calcium
Answer
Iron
Reason — Iron forms the prosthetic group i.e haemin which combines with globin protein to
form haemoglobin.
Question 1(ii)
1. 12
2. 31 pairs
3. 31
4. 12 pairs
Answer
12 pairs
Reason — The cranial nerves are a set of 12 paired nerves in the back of the brain.
Question 1(iii)
Answer
Reason — Acromegaly and Gigantism are disorder in adults in which the pituitary gland
produces too much of Growth hormone.
Question 1(iv)
1. Heart
2. Brain
3. Spinal cord
4. Eyeball
Answer
Heart
Reason — Pericardium is a double walled membranous bag, enclosing the human heart.
Question 1(v)
1. Lens
2. Cornea
3. Sclera
4. Pupil
Answer
Pupil
Reason — Pupil is a small opening in the center of the iris, through which the light enters
into the eye.
Question 1(vi)
1. Pulmonary artery
2. Pulmonary vein
3. Renal vein
4. Hepatic vein
Answer
Pulmonary vein
Reason — The pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium.
Question 1(vii)
1. Cochlea
2. Semicircular canals
3. Sacculus
4. Utriculus
Answer
Cochlea
Reason — The Organ of corti is present in the cochlea. It is a structure present on the basilar
membrane. It contains hair cells that act as auditory receptors.
Question 1(viii)
1. Ureter
2. Urethra
3. Urinary bladder
4. Kidneys
Answer
Urinary bladder
Reason — The urine formed in kidneys is taken by ureters to urinary bladder where it is
temporarily stored.
Question 1(ix)
1. Liver
2. Pituitary gland
3. Spleen
4. Pancreas
Answer
Pancreas
Reason — Islets of Langerhans are endocrine cells present in Pancreas. They have three type
of cells alpha, beta and gamma cells.
Question 1(x)
1. Uric acid
2. Urea
3. Ammonia
4. Creatinine
Answer
Urea
Question 2(i)
Simple goitre is usually seen in people living in the hilly regions. Give two reasons for the
statement.
Answer
Simple goitre is usually seen in people living in the hilly regions because:
1. Iodine is deficient in soil of hilly regions and hence in the food grown there.
2. Iodine is also deficient in drinking water available in the hilly regions which is
obtained from rivers and streams fed by melting snow.
Question 2(ii)
Answer
1. Pulmonary circulation
2. Systemic circulation
Question 2(iii)
1. Ultrafiltration
2. Reabsorption
3. Secretion
Question 2(iv)
Answer
Question 3(i)
Answer
The overgrowth of adrenal cortex in a mature woman leads to the development of certain
male characteristics in her such as a beard, a moustache and deep male voice. This condition
is known as Adrenal Virilism.
It caused due to the oversecretion of sex corticoids (adrenal androgens).
Question 3(ii)
Which is the light sensitive layer of the eyeball? Where exactly is the image formed on this
layer?
Answer
Retina is the light sensitive layer of the eyeball. Image is formed on retina.
Question 3(iii)
Study the diagram given below and answer the questions that follow :
(a) Identify the defect of the eye by mentioning the technical term.
Answer
(a) Hyperopia.
Question 3(iv)
Give the biological terms for the three tiny bones present in the middle ear.
Answer
Question 4(i)
Name the endocrine gland that secretes Thyroxine. Give any one function of Thyroxine.
Answer
One function of thyroxine — It regulates the basal metabolism, i.e., the rate of cellular
oxidation resulting in heat production at rest.
Question 4(ii)
Give the full form of the abbreviation ACTH. Which gland secretes this hormone?
Answer
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone.
It is secreted by pituitary gland.
Question 4(iii)
Define the term Synapse. How are Cytons and Axons of neurons placed in the Cerebrum?
Answer
Synapse is the point of contact between the terminal branches of the axon of a neuron with
the dendrites of another neuron separated by a fine gap.
In the Cerebrum, Cytons are present in the outer portion (cortex) constituting the gray matter
and Axons are present in the inner portion constituting the white matter.
Question 4(iv)
Answer
Question 5(i)
(a) Ear
(b) Eye
Answer
Question 5(ii)
A mature mammalian erythrocyte lacks nucleus and mitochondria but is efficient in its
functioning. Explain by giving suitable reasons.
Answer
Question 5(iii)
The diagram given below is that of a human brain. Answer the questions that follow :
Answer
2 → Cerebellum
3 → Medulla oblongata
(b) The part labelled as 1 is Cerebrum. It is the seat of intelligence, consciousness and will-
power. It controls all voluntary actions.
Question 5(iv)
Answer
Question 6(i)
Give the exact location of Pulmonary semilunar valve. When does it close?
Answer
Pulmonary semilunar valves are located at the opening of the right ventricle into the
pulmonary artery. It closes during the atrial systole phase of the cardiac cycle.
Question 6(ii)
Answer
Question 6(iii)
Draw a neat diagram of a longitudinal section of a human kidney and label Renal Cortex and
Renal Medulla on the diagram.
Answer
Diagram showing longitudinal section of a human kidney with Renal Cortex and Renal
Medulla labelled is shown below:
Question 6(iv)
(a) Lymphocytes
(b) Thrombocytes
(c) Neutrophils
Answer
(a) Lymphocytes produce antibodies which kill or neutralise the germs or the poisons from
them.
(b) Thrombocytes help to form blood clots in order to slow or stop bleeding and help wounds
to heal.
(c) Neutrophils engulf bacterial and fungal pathogens through a process known as
phagocytosis.