Writing a thesis can be an arduous task, requiring extensive research, critical analysis, and a deep

understanding of the chosen topic. One such complex area is the research paper on green synthesis of
silver nanoparticles. Navigating through the intricacies of this subject demands a profound
knowledge of chemistry, nanotechnology, and environmental science.

The synthesis of silver nanoparticles using green methods involves employing environmentally
friendly materials and processes. This not only adds a layer of complexity but also requires a
comprehensive understanding of the nuances associated with sustainable and eco-friendly practices.
Researchers delving into this field need to sift through a vast amount of scientific literature,
experimental data, and evolving methodologies.

The challenges in crafting a thesis on green synthesis of silver nanoparticles extend beyond the
theoretical framework. Practical experimentation, data collection, and analysis are integral
components, demanding precision and attention to detail. Moreover, the interdisciplinary nature of
this topic requires researchers to draw connections between various scientific disciplines, making the
process even more intricate.

For those grappling with the complexity of writing a thesis on the green synthesis of silver
nanoparticles, seeking professional assistance becomes a viable option. Helpwriting.net emerges as a
reliable platform offering specialized support for crafting well-researched and meticulously written
theses. With a team of experienced writers well-versed in the nuances of scientific research, the
platform ensures that your thesis meets the highest academic standards.

By opting for assistance from ⇒ HelpWriting.net ⇔, individuals can alleviate the challenges
associated with the intricate subject matter and ensure the delivery of a comprehensive and well-
structured research paper. The platform's commitment to quality and expertise in the field makes it a
trustworthy choice for those looking to navigate the complexities of writing a thesis on the green
synthesis of silver nanoparticles.
Silver nanoparticles produced with our proprietary protocols are highly monodisperse with a narrow
size distribution. Nanoparticles synthesized using Isaria fumosorosea at pH 8.5 showed better
physicochemical characteristics, compared to nanoparticles synthesized at pH 4.5 and 6.5 ( Banu and
Balasubramanian, 2014a ). However, the cells were wrinkled and damaged upon AgNP treatment,
indicating the disruption and disorganization of cell membrane and wall. It was suggested that the
activity of the enzyme responsible for the reduction process could have been inhibited by a
component of the medium. Cookie Settings Accept All Reject All Privacy Policy Manage consent.
This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative
Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( ). European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology
and Education (EJIHPE). Journal of Manufacturing and Materials Processing (JMMP). Gaikwad et
al. (2013) synthesized silver nanoparticles using the fungi Alternaria sp., Fusarium oxysporum,
Curvularia sp., Chaetomium indicum, and Phoma sp., which showed potential for reducing the
replication of HSV-1, HSV-2, and HPIV-3 in cell cultures. Presence of enzymes serves
actinomycetes to synthesize silver nanoparticles. The aqueous solution of brown seaweed Sargassum
cinctum had been utilized for green synthesized of Silver nanoparticles. These nanoparticles offer
considerable potential for exploitation in the control of pathogenic microorganisms. Figure 2 displays
the stability of AgNPs up to 10 weeks. In our study AgNPs-G were generated and their anticancer
activity was assessed using human a liver carcinoma cell line (HepG2) and a breast cancer cell line
(MCF-7). In extracellular synthesis process, extracellular secretes of the bacterial populations are
separated and used for the synthesis. Viability outcome by MTT assay for ( a ) AgNPs-G and ( b )
AgNPs-C. In evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles synthesized using
Aspergillus niger, Gade et al. (2008) observed inhibitory effects against the bacteria E. coli and S.
aureus that were equivalent to those of the antibiotic gentamicin, with the gram-positive bacterium (
S. In this study, eco-friendly synthesis of Ag NPs was reported by an aqueous extract of bee pollen,
which contains a variety of potential reducing agents, including polyphenols and flavonoids. Most
important antimicrobial silver nanoparticles interacts with peptidoglycan cell wall 215,216 and the
plasma membrane; 217 bacterial (cytoplasmic) DNA; 218 and bacterial proteins, 214,216 especially
enzymes involved in vital cellular processes such as the electron transport chain. International Journal
of Turbomachinery, Propulsion and Power (IJTPP). Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles Using
Teucrium Apollinis Extract: Characterization, Stability, and Their Antibacterial Activities. Chemistry.
2023; 5(1):54-64. Moreover, peaks indicating the occurrence of C?O stretching of carboxylic acids,
alcohols and ether and ester groups are located at 1260 and 1074 cm ?1. X ray diffraction was used
to confirm the crystalline nature of the particles. The concentration of AgNO3 solution was also
varied. Furthermore, fungi can be easily cultivated on a large scale (“nanofactories”) and can produce
nanoparticles with controlled size and morphology ( Gade et al., 2008; Ahluwalia et al., 2014;
Azmath et al., 2016; Khan et al., 2017 ). Fungi have advantages over other microorganisms, in that
they produce large quantities of proteins and enzymes, some of which can be used for the fast and
sustainable synthesis of nanoparticles ( Vahabi et al., 2011; Alghuthaymi et al., 2015 ). Editors select
a small number of articles recently published in the journal that they believe will be particularly.
Figure 3 confirmed that changing the pH of the solution to below 5 or above 9 causes the formation
of larger nanoparticles. 3. Results The current study showed how AgNP can be produced by reducing
aqueous AgNO 3 with Teucrium apollinis extract without using any additional reducing agents. 3.1.
TEM Results The ideal tool for chemical and structural characterization at the nanoscale is the
transmission electron microscope (TEM). Aqueous solution of AgNO3 was treated with black pepper
corn extract and leading to reduction of silver ions into silver nanoparticles within 120 s with the aid
of microwave. XRD pattern of prepared AgNPs-G indicated by presence of face-centered cubic ( fcc
) structure.
The FETEM and DLS analysis showed AgNPs were quasi-spherical in shape, with an average
diameter of 12.6 nm for the size distribution. In other work by Banu and Balasubramanian (2014a),
silver nanoparticles synthesized using the entomopathogenic fungus Isaria fumosorosea were tested
for control of the mosquito species Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti, when applied
between instars 1 and 4. Dr Fraser Stoddart at Northwestern University, USA, he became an
Assistant Professor at Konya Food and Agriculture University, Turkey. The deposition method was
used to prepare the samples for TEM analysis. This article is an open access article distributed under
the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( ). Researchers also
suggested that relatively less increase in the thymine base is due to lack of exocyclic nitrogen in this
base, whereas the interaction of AgNPs with adenine, guanine and cytosine is based on the exocyclic
nitrogen present in these bases. Typically, smaller nanoparticles have relatively increased stability and
enhanced antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial action of the nanoparticles often depends upon its
size. The presence of silver nanoparticles was confirmed by the formation of brown color of the
reaction mixture. In synthesis using Guignardia mangiferae, no color change was observed between
pH 1 and 4, while coloration started to appear at pH 5 and 6. IRJET- Study of In-Vitro and in Vivo
Antibacterial Effects of Silver Nanopart. Red fluorescent membrane impermeant PI stains only dead
cells by penetrating through the disrupted cell membrane, while green fluorescent membrane
permeant SYTO 9 s quenched by PI and stains both dead and live cells. In our result, spherical
AgNP offered a small red shift which, indicative of an effective plant extract, indicated a high
stabile AgNP and the size became a little bigger after 10 weeks after being prepared. In another
study, using purified nitrate reductase and phytochelatins from the same fungus, it was found that
extracellular NADPH-dependent nitrate reductase enzymes and quinones were responsible for the
formation of nanoparticles ( Kumar et al., 2007 ). DNA damages include deletions, mutations,
single-breaks, double-strand breaks, adduct formation, and cross-linking with proteins. Studies on
Bacterial Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and its Synergistic An. This is due to the presence of
phenolic compounds in the teucrium extract. The preparation of Ag NPs was confirmed by the
combination of different types of microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. However, other studies
obtained smaller sizes when intermediate AgNO 3 concentrations were used. Applications of other
types of NPs synthesized from various flower varieties. The synergistic effect of bio-synthesized
AgNPs with various standard drugs was also observed. Gomaa investigated the effect of AgNPs on
the enzymatic activity of respiratory chain dehydrogenases of E. coli and S. aureus cells using a
colorimetric method. 169 Iodonitrotetrazolium chloride (INT) is a colourless compound and reduced
by the bacterial respiratory chain dehydrogenases to a dark red water-insoluble iodonitrotetrazolium
formazan (INF) under normal conditions. Conflicts of Interest The authors declare no conflict of
interest. In this context, the antimicrobial activity of AgNPs with different shapes has been
compared. Kumar, Harsh, Kanchan Bhardwaj, Kamil Kuca, Anu Kalia, Eugenie Nepovimova,
Rachna Verma, and Dinesh Kumar. DLS diagrams of AgNPs functionalized by extract of teucrium
apollinis. Decrease of the enzymatic activity of respiratory chain dehydrogenases in AgNP-treated
cells was determined by increase of the absorbance of INF at 490 nm, whereas untreated cells
increased the activity with time. However, in the case of imbalance between the antioxidant
mechanism and excessive production of ROS, the redox balance of the cell favours oxidation,
leading to oxidative stress. 199 Nevertheless, oxidative stress is a normal cellular process involved in
many aspects of cellular signalling, though excessive oxidative stress can be harmful. UV-Vis
absorption analysis revealed peaks at 419, 430, and 430 nm, respectively. Here, a variety of
biological agents (plant extracts, bacterial and fungal derived compounds) are used to convert metal
salts to nanoparticles.
This is due to the presence of phenolic compounds in the teucrium extract. On the other hand, the
presence of teichoic acid is noted in Gram-positive bacteria cell walls; hence, NPs circulate
throughout the phosphate molecular chain and avoid aggregation. Journal of Cardiovascular
Development and Disease (JCDD). A plant extract contains a number of metabolites and reductive
biomolecules responsible for the reduction of metal ions. The phyto toxicity of green synthesized
silver nanoparticles was evaluated by studying its effect on seed germination of Abelmoschus
esculentus, one of the important vegetable items in Indian market. Applications of gold NPs
synthesized from various flower varieties. Note that from the first issue of 2016, this journal uses
article numbers instead of page numbers. Similar zones of inhibition (10 mm) and MICs (150 ?g ml
?1 ) were observed. Limited availability of antileishmanial drugs, its high cost and continuum
resistance over the available drugs makes the situation fatal. However, concerns about the synthesis
of these materials such as use of precursor chemicals and toxic solvents, and generation of toxic
byproducts have led to a new alternative approach, green synthesis. Lane 3, plasmid DNA treated
with 0.51 ?g of AgNPs showing a decrease in supercoiled DNA form. Wigginton et al. also
conducted a proteomic study to identify interaction between E. Gram-negative bacteria, as they are
known, are among the main agents in a nosocomial infection, contributing to an increase in patient
mortality. The AgNPs composition was investigated by scanning the AgNPs suspension with an
Evolution TM 300 UV-Vis spectrophotometer, with spectra ranging from 200 to 800 nm.
Furthermore, the uncertainty and ambiguity associated with the regulatory bodies and laws has to be
clearly understood to allow for the use and commercialization of ecologically safe nano-based
products. Furthermore, the aqueous part of the filtrate was utilized for the preparation of AgNPs-G,
the characteristics and success of which were assessed using different analytical techniques,
including UV absorption spectroscopy, XRD pattern, FTIR and TEM. Synthesis of the silver
nanoparticles from Aloe barbadensis extract and its a. Conflicts of Interest Authors have declared
that there was no conflict of interest. Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease (TropicalMed).
Another factor to consider is the capacity of fungi to produce antibiotics that could be contained in
the capping and act in synergy with the nanoparticle core. The progress of the formation of AgNPs
can be observed through visual color changes or by using UV-Vis. In the recent years, ongoing
research has focused on development of nano-scale objects as efficient antimicrobial therapies. The
green synthesized nanoparticles (AgNPs-G) exhibited a better antibacterial activity against most of
the studied strains when compared to the chemically synthesized Ag NPs (AgNPs-C). Due to the
presence of phenolic chemicals in the extract plant, the size of the AgNPs seems large. Herein, we
exploited the potential reducing abilities of Bee pollens extract for the eco-friendly preparation of
silver nanoparticles (AgNPs-G). AgNPs prepared using Croton bonplandianum leaves extract at its
MIC dosage showed only 0.02% hemolysis. 251 AgNPs (spherical, 9.8 mm size) from cell free
supernatant of Delftia sp. The DLS size distribution histogram of Ag NPs was illustrated in Figure 5.
The aqueous solution of brown seaweed Sargassum cinctum had been utilized for green synthesized
of Silver nanoparticles. Role of microwave radiation in synthesis of nano particles Role of
microwave radiation in synthesis of nano particles Curcumin extract nanoparticles: preparation,
characterization and antimicrobi. A TEM analysis was carried out by using a JEM 1101 transmission
electron microscope (JEOL, Tokyo, Japan). 2.5. UV-Vis Analysis Optical measurements were carried
out by using a UV-visible spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer lambda 35, Waltham, MA, USA). 2.6.
Antibacterial Activity Screening of the Nanoparticles (NPs) The screening of the antibacterial
potency of Ag NPs was performed using the classical agar disk diffusion and minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC 50 ) methods.