TRUTH OR HOAX?

THE CODE OF
KALANTIAW
G r o u p 1
 INTENDED LEARNING
OUTCOMES
Understand Contextualize To know its
the Code of the content of significance
Kalantiaw the code of to PH
kalantiaw history
 PRIMARY ACCOUNT:
The Code of Kalantiaw:
Unveiling the Laws
and Ethics of an
Ancient Civilization
 Introduction
The code of Kalantiaw stands as an
exemplary testament to laws and ethics. This
legal code, originating from the island of
Panay in the Philippines, sheds light on the
principles and values upheld by the ancient
Kalantiaw tribe.
AUTHOR’S BACKGROUND
He was a Filipino writer and forger who created
some of the most infamous hoaxes and forgeries
relating to Philippine history
He wrote the code of kalantiaw in 1913 by a
historical fiction relating to "Las Antiguas Leyendes
de la Isla de Negros" (The Ancient Legends of the
Island of Negros)

JOSE E. MARCO
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
It was named after its supposed author
"Datu Kalantiaw" who allegedly wrote it in
1433. Datu Kalantiaw was a chief on the
island of negros. (The Ancient Legends of the
island of Negros)
He ascribed its source to a priest named
Jose Maria Pavon.
According to Jose Marco "Kalantiaw," the
name first appeared in July 1913 in an article
entitled Civilizacion Prehispana, published in
"EL RENACIMIENTO" philippine.
HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
JULY 1913- “Civilización Prehispana” by Jose
Marco published in “Renacimiento Filipino”
mentions the Code of Kalantiaw
1914- Jose Marco donated 5 Pavon
manuscripts (which included the Code) to the
Philippine Library & Museum
1917- Josue Soncuya wrote about the Code of
Kalantiaw in his book “Historia Prehispana de
Filipinas”
20th Century- Other prominent
historian/authors wrote about the Code
ANALYSIS OF THE CONTENT
1965
1965
William Henry Scott examined the pre-Hispanic
history of the Philippines
Scott raised issues on the existence of the Code of
Kalantiaw, specifically on: LACK OF HISTORICAL
EVIDENCE, LACK OF EVIDENCE FOR A KALANTIAW
LEGEND, DOUBTFUL PAVON MANUSCRIPTS
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Existence of the King Charles V

VS
coins of King was born only in
Charles V of 1500
Spain as early as
1433
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Mentions a pre- Fr. Francisco

VS
Hispanic Visayan Deza was born
alphabet recorded only in 1620
by Fr. Francisco
Deza in 1543
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Manuscripts were The Island of Negros

VS
stamped with was divided only in
"Parish of Ilog 1890. There was no
Occidental Negros Occidental
Negros" during Pavon's time
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Manuscript was At that time, Spain

VS
dedicated to the had no king, it was
King of Spain Queen Isabella Il
who ruled
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Use of exact time Filipinos had no

VS
element on the clocks or measures
punishments of time equal to
imposed exact hours at that
time
ANALYSIS OF CONTENT
Pavon The
Manuscripts Truth
Description that in The term MICROBES

VS
1838-39 there was was coined only in
1878 & Louie Pasteur
"putrefied
theorized infectious
MICROBES of evil
germs in the 1850's
fever"
only
 ARTICLE 1
You shall not kill, neither shall you steal, neither
shall you do harm to the aged, lest you incur the
danger of death. All those who infringe this
order shall be condemned to death by drowning
in the river, or boiling water.
 ARTICLE 2
You shall obey. Let all your debts with the
headman be met punctually. He who does not
obey shall receive for the first time one hundred
lashes. If the debt is large, he shall be condemned
to thrust his hand in boiling water thrice. For the
second time, he shall be beaten to death.
 ARTICLE 3
Obey you: let no one have women that are very
young nor more than he can support; nor be given to
excessive lust. He who does not comply with, obey,
and observe this order shall be condemned to swim
for three hours for the first time and for the second
time, to be beaten to death with sharp thorns.
 ARTICLE 4
Observe and obey; let no one disturb the quiet of
the graves. When passing by the caves and trees
where they are, give respect to them. He who
does not observe this shall be killed by ants, or
beaten to death with thorns.
 ARTICLE 5
You shall obey; he who exchanges for food, let it
be always done in accordance with his word. He
who does not comply, shall be beaten for one
hour, he who repeats the offense shall be exposed
for one day among ants.
 ARTICLE 6
You shall be obliged to revere sights that are held
in respect, such as those of trees of recognized
worth and other sights. He who fails to comply
shall pay with one month's work in gold or in
honey.
 ARTICLE 7
These shall be put to death; he who kills trees of
venerable appearance; who shoot arrows at night
at old men and women; he who enters the houses
of the headmen without permission; he who kills a
shark or a streaked cayman.
 ARTICLE 8
Slavery for a doam (a certain period of time) shall
be suffered by those who steal away the women
of the headmen; by him who keep ill-tempered
dogs that bite the headmen; by him who burns the
fields of another.
 ARTICLE 9
All these shall be beaten for two days: who sing
while travelling by night; kill the Manaul; tear the
documents belonging to the headmen; are
malicious liars; or who mock the dead.
 ARTICLE 10
It is decreed an obligation; that every mother teach
secretly to her daughters matters pertaining to lust and
prepare them for womanhood; let not men be cruel nor
punish their women when they catch them in the act of
adultery. Whoever shall disobey shall be killed by being
cut to pieces and thrown to the caymans.
 ARTICLE 11
These shall be burned: who by their strength or
cunning have mocked at and escaped punishment
or who have killed young boys; or try to steal
away the women of the elders.
 ARTICLE 12
These shall be drowned: all who interfere with
their superiors, or their owners or masters; all
those who abuse themselves through their lust;
those who destroy their anitos (religious icons) by
breaking them or throwing them down.
 ARTICLE 13
All these shall be exposed to ants for half a day:
who kill black cats during a new moon; or steal
anything from the chiefs or agorangs, however
small the object may be.
 ARTICLE 14
These shall be made slave for life: who have
beautiful daughters and deny them to the sons of
chiefs, and with bad faith hide them away.
 ARTICLE 15
Concerning beliefs and traditions; these shall be
beaten: who eat the diseased flesh of beasts
which they hold in respect, or the herb which they
consider good, who wound or kill the young of the
Manaul, or the white monkey.
 ARTICLE 16
The fingers shall be cut-off: of all those who
break anitos of wood and clay in their alangans
and temples; of those who destroy the daggers of
the catalonans(priest/priestess), or break the
drinking jars of the latter.
 ARTICLE 17
These shall be killed: who profane sites where
anitos are kept, and sites where are buried the
sacred things of their diwatas and headmen. He
who performs his necessities in those places shall
be burned.
 ARTICLE 18
Those who do not cause these rules to be obeyed:
if they are headmen, they shall be put to death by
being stoned and crushed; and if they are
agorangs they shall be placed in rivers to be eaten
by sharks and caymans.
 CONTEXTUALIZING
The National Historical Institute (NHI) honored
Kalantiaw in 1989 by including him in Filipinos in
History
The NHI finally admitted that the CODE OF
KALANTIYAW WAS A HOAX in 1998
 CONTEXTUALIZING
In 2005, the NHI submitted a resolution to President
Arroyo to revoke the national shrine status of the
Kalantiaw Shrine in Aklan, which, of course, enraged
some Aklanons”
On June 19, 1978, a 30-centavo postage stamp was
released in honor of "Rajah Kalantiaw".
 CONCLUSION
The Code of Kalantiaw holds a lasting legacy
that sheds light on the laws and ethics of an
ancient civilization. By preserving and studying
this code, we can not only authenticate its
historical origins but also gain valuable
insights into its societal values and norms.
This exploration opens doors to
understanding our collective past and
appreciating the richness and diversity of
human civilization.
Members
Alex Juliano
Aldrin P. Justado
Klodeen Julian
Georgia Ty
Melanie Orsal
Weljem Gariando Bragais Johnlloyd Cabal
Frank Lloyd Pablo Prince Louie Del Rosario
Rafael Oseo Kennth Espina
Marc Daniel Reyes James Montealegre
Emmanuel Punelas Bustillo
Jhema Esmelo
Crissan Amba
Francis Dave Consolacion
Thank
You!