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Design and Implementation of A Low-Cost FlexRay Node (60-75) (İngilizce)
Design and Implementation of A Low-Cost FlexRay Node (60-75) (İngilizce)
Design and Implementation of A Low-Cost FlexRay Node (60-75) (İngilizce)
will receive from the other and therefore its leds could light up. If button 2 or 3 is
pressed, they will prohibit information from being transmitted through the dynamic
and static segment, respectively.
and the
crystallin
chnology
Application operation example The application operation for a specific case is
ties l MPPT. shown. To do this, two cases are taken into account: when no button is pressed,
status and when button 1 on panel 1 is pressed, checking the information transmitted
through the channels.
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
Figure 4.11: Real and oscilloscope image without pressing buttons. Source:
self made.
Figure 4.11 shows the first case, how the LEDs light up according to the state of
the microswitches and what is transmitted through the communication channels.
Summary
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-
linear voltage source, a function of current and state of charge. The connection of all the
components is done through the AC bus and therefore an AC/DC converter modeled as a
voltage source has been designed. This same converter has been used both for the PV panels
and for the accumulator or (a) Panels pressing button 1 battery.
The control of the microgrid has been based on the voltage droop theory, which relates voltage
frequency and amplitude to active and reactive power. In network connection mode, priority
has been given to using the network as little as possible. In the island mode of the microgrid, a
generator set has been modeled to guarantee the supply of part of the load considered a
priority.
Figure 4.12: Real and oscilloscope image pressing button 1 plate 1. Source:
Own elaboration.
As no button has been paired, the communication is carried out in the static
and dynamic segment.
In gure 4.12 button 1 is pressed on board 1. This means that no information is
transmitted in any segment. Despite this lack of information, the pulses of the
static segment continue to appear in the channel, unlike the dynamic segment,
whose pulse disappears.
Finally, a last demonstration is presented in Figure 4.13, to see how the channel
transmits the state of the microswitches. We have taken 5 different examples
of microswitch configuration so that we can see in which fragment of slot 4 this
and the information is sent.
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
This application has two different programs, one for each node. As mentioned
above, in the driver description section, each program has a total of 6 different
files. Of them, 3 are generic files that match on both nodes, while the other 3
are specific to each one.
The first change that has been made is to the InitMCU function that initializes
the microcontroller that controls the FlexRay. In the original app they use a
The control of the microgrid has been based on the voltage droop theory, which relates voltage
frequency and amplitude to active and reactive power. In network connection mode, priority
has been given to using the network as little as possible. In the island mode of the microgrid, a
generator set has been modeled to guarantee the supply of part of the load considered a
priority.
and the
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
Conclusions
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-
linear voltage source, a function of current and state of charge. The connection of all the
components is done
project through
it has the
beenalternating
possible to current
verify bus
the and by Withand
magnitude theconsequently
realization of an
thisAC/
DC converter modeled as a voltage
communication source
protocol. Thehas been designed.
amount Thisthe
of information complexity of this has
same converter
been used for both the PV boards and the accumulator or data it needs
immense and, per battery. Therefore, your knowledge of its use must to function properly
also beis
very great.
The control of the microgrid has been based on the voltage droop theory, which relates As a
factor to be
frequency and amplitude taken
with into account
the active if expansions
and reactive power .are made
In the in the
project future, thismode
connection voltage
,
been prioritized ittowould
use the be network
the optimization of possible.
as little as the use ofInprogram and data
island mode the ismemory
made ofthatthehas
chosento
set has been modeled microcontroller.
guarantee the In Figure
supply of 4.14 we can
a certain checkofthe
amount microgrid,
memory a generator
that has been
used to carry out this project: part of the load considered a priority.
We see that although the data memory used by the application is small, the
program memory used is more than 75%. For educational purposes, which is
what was intended when starting this project, it is enough since there is still
memory space left.
Comment that the first plates that were designed with ORCAD and LA YOUT
contained errors and that is why they were created again with the errors already
solved.
and the
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
Chapter 5
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-
linear voltage source, a function of current and state of charge. The connection of all the
Budget
components is done through the AC bus and therefore an AC/DC converter modeled as a
voltage source has been designed. This same converter has been used both for the PV panels
and for the accumulator or battery.
Table 5.3 shows the budget allocated to the devices that have left
using throughout the project.
and the
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
Summary
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
Chapter 6
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-
linear voltage source, a function of the current and the state
Environmental impact
load. The connection of all the components is done through the AC bus and therefore an AC/
DC converter modeled as a voltage source has been designed. This same converter has been
used both for the PV panels and for the accumulator or battery.
Effectively solving what the impact will be in terms of environmental and energy
costs is not a trivial task. However, it must be borne in mind that all the
components used in the project have been purchased taking into account
compliance with the regulations described above and that they are, for the most
part, commonly used in the world of electronics, making them suitable for future
projects. The soldering of the plates has been carried out with tin with low lead
content.
and the
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
Thanks
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-
linear voltage source, a function of current and state of charge. The connection of all the
components is done
Moreno through thefor
Eguilaz AChisbus and to thank
consequent especially
dedi, an AC/DC Professor Juan
converter Manuelas a
modeled
voltage source has been
project designed.
and getting itThis cation
done. The and
same delivery in guiding
converter andused
has been supervising
both forthe
the PV
panels and for the
supported me during the drumming. during the course of this projecthave
accumulator or reality. And also to all the friends and family who and the
entire career in general.
The control of the microgrid has been based on the voltage droop theory, which relates voltage
frequency and amplitude to active and reactive power. In network connection mode, priority
has been given to using the network as little as possible. In the island mode of the microgrid, a
generator set has been modeled to guarantee the supply of part of the load considered a
priority.
and the
crystallin
chnology
ties l MPPT.
status
na and by i
´on. This
ulator or
relates
connection
sla of that
of a
This project begins by analyzing the definition of a microgrid, its current state and the trend in
its design. After this, it is sought to make a microgrid in its states of connection to the network
and isolated. The generation source used is solar, through photovoltaic technology. Its design
Bibliography
has been carried out for polycrystalline cell plates using the double diode theory. The algorithm
used for its control is that of the MPPT.
As a storage unit, a Ni-Cd battery has been designed by simplifying one of its cells to a non-linear
voltage source, a function of current and state of charge. The connection of all the components is
done through the AC bus and therefore
[1] PIC18F87K90 an AC/DC
Family converter
Data Sheet. 5, 22,modeled
24 as a voltage source has been
designed. This [2] External Memory Interfacing Techniques for the PIC18F8XXX. 5, 6, 28, the same
33, 34 battery. converter has been used both for the PV plates and for the accumulator or 30, 32,
The control of the microgrid has been based on the voltage droop theory, which relates [3] Freescale
Freescale Generic FlexRay Daughter
voltage frequency Semiconductor.
and amplitude with active and reactive power. In Card(FRDC) connection mode.
possible. In the island 5, 28, 29
mode Themicrogrid,
of the network has been prioritized
a generator set hastobeen
use modeled
the network as little asthe
to guarantee
supply of a [4] Study of the new
considered exray automotive
a priority. illustration bus and design6,of49,
of technology. a prototype
50, 51 part of the load
[8] STMicroelectronics. low drop xed and ajustable positive voltage regula
tors. 23
[11] Freescale Semiconductor. FlexRay UNIFIED Driver Application User Guide. 54,
56