AP CHEMISTRY Test Booklet

5.4 Elementary reactions

Step 1: (slow)

Step 2: (fast)

1. Which of the following represents the overall chemical equation for the reaction and the rate law for elementary
step 2 ?
The overall reaction is ; the rate law for step 2 is
(A)
.
The overall reaction is ; the rate law for step 2 is
(B)
.
The overall reaction is ; the rate law for step 2 is
(C)
.
The overall reaction is ; the rate law for step 2 is
(D)
.

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5.4 Elementary reactions

2. For parts of the free response question that require calculations, clearly show the method used and the
steps involved in arriving at your answers. You must show your work to receive credit for your answer.
Examples and equations may be included in your answers where appropriate.

Answer the following questions about hydrogen and oxygen gases.

(a) A particle-level representation of is shown in the balloon below on the left. The balloon on the right
contains the same volume of at the same temperature and pressure. In the balloon on the right, draw a
representation of with the appropriate number and distribution of particles.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(b) The graph below shows the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution for . On the same graph, draw the
distribution curve for at the same temperature.

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5.4 Elementary reactions

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

To generate the and the , a student performs electrolysis of water, represented by the equation
above. The student collects the gases in tubes and then adjusts the position of one of them so that the water levels
inside and outside of the tube are the same, as shown in the following diagram.

(c) Is the gas collected in tube or ? Justify your answer.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(d) What volume should the student report for the gas in tube ?

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

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5.4 Elementary reactions

(e) Is produced at the anode or cathode? Justify your answer in terms of oxidation numbers.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(f) The atmospheric pressure in the lab was at . The vapor pressure of water at is
. Calculate the pressure of dry gas in tube .

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(g) The value of for the electrolysis of water is . In a second trial of the experiment, the power
source was replaced with a voltmeter. Would the volume of hydrogen gas produced be greater than, less than, or
equal to the volume produced in the original experiment? Justify your answer.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

(h) The student considers the reverse reaction and proposes a mechanism with a single, elementary step as shown
below.

Explain, in terms of particle collisions, why this mechanism is unlikely to be correct.

Please respond on separate paper, following directions from your teacher.

3.
Step 1: (slow)

Step 2: (fast)

Overall:

A two-step reaction mechanism is proposed for a gas-phase reaction, as represented above. Which of the following
correctly identifies both the chemical equation for step 1 and the rate law for the overall reaction?

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5.4 Elementary reactions

(A) The chemical equation for step 1 is , and the rate law is .
The chemical equation for step 1 is , and the rate law is
(B)
.
The chemical equation for step 1 is , and the rate law is
(C)
.
The chemical equation for step 1 is
(D) , and the rate law is
.

4. and react to form . The rate law of the reaction is . If the reaction
occurs in a single elementary step that is a three-body molecular collision, then which of the following is the
equation for the elementary step?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

5. 2 NOBr(g) → 2 NO(g) + Br2(g)

The equation above represents an elementary step in a chemical reaction. Which of the following is the correct
expression for the rate law of the elementary step?
(A) Rate = k[NOBr]½
(B) Rate = k[NOBr]
(C) Rate = k[NOBr]2
(D) Rate = k[NO]2 [Br2]

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