LONIGONI BEYANI SINTIYO

INTRODUCTION TO INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Lonigoni Beyani (LB) bara senni nɔɔ kaa

kunkunawayo nna hɛya kulu kaa lonigoni boroo
amfaniyani nnaa zaŋa tɛɛriyani, kpama, barmɛy
nna bayaaniyo amfanaawayo a hini kulu ga zaŋa (
haraka ow fotoosi kparyaniyo, senni ta cɛrɛ ga,
foto ow bidio samma cɛrɛ sɛɛ, heu bɔnŋɔ faaji nna
cɛrɛ, cɛrɛ cɛyo zamaa nna ncinniyo kal nan senni
tɛ nɛɛ kulu.
Marsa, boroo gaa amfaani amma delba don
senni tɛ, lonigoni ŋmɛnɛ looyo hinii ŋmaanɛyo
nna a bii. Marsa hal cowyo hiniyo ga nna hini fɔyo
ŋmaaniyo boroo amfaani nna kabisa don.
 Gbeijinayo kan loo fanni di kuna :
- Tɛɛrilasabuuriji (computer)
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji bara looriji nɔɔ kan laabaariyo ow
bayaaniyo barmɛy nnaa cɛrɛ sɛɛ. bayaaniyo di hini
koo bara lambayo, senni hantumuntɛyo, fotoyo,
filimyo ow jinge yɔɔjanintɛyo. Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
bayaani maa ketereke nɔɔ bayaaniyo.
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji hini ka bayaani tuutuuma kan
mutu koo bayo gbɛɛtɛ (process) kalfɔ. A sasawani
bara nɔɔ ma takallayo margu balkali hɔɔrɛ dɔɔ
kusum den ci bɔrɔ yaamaa gbɛɛtɛ nzaŋa jirzɔn gu
bukaata maduka beeni ngbɛɛtɛyo, zaŋaya den naa
nɔ Tɛɛrilasabuuriji sɛɛ Awayo binni anan gbɛɛtɛ kɔ.
Gbeijitatbuntɛ ( Hardware)
Gbeijitatbuntɛ bara gbeijina kulu nna dɔburijiyo
kan marguyo Tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna. Gbeijina di
kuna hɛya kulu kan bara tatabuntɛ nɔn cɛɛ
Gbeijitatbuntɛ.
 zaŋa : Digi, Takallakaariji , Cem,Tɛɛrilasabuuriji,
saafiyowala, Takallazuuriji nnan ciniyo.
Damri & Kamri
DAMRI
Damri nɔɔ looriji kulu kaa nam ma bayaani dam
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna.
Zaŋa :

Cem saafiyowala

Hɛy kaa cem nna saafiyowala tɛ nɔn lonigoni

ka dam digi di kuna.

Nkammɛnze nɔɔ ziiri digi di ga mbukaata

maduka biya.

Digiwala (Tablet)
Hɛy kaa cem nna saafiyowala tɛ nɔn lonigoni ka dam
digi di kuna.
Nkammɛnze nɔɔ ziiri digi di ga mbukaata maduka biya.

Digigaraafu (smartphone)
Digiwala , Ziiriwalariji, Digitiracowriji, digiyaariji &
tɛɛrijiyo.
Bancinɔrhoobu tɛɛriji:
banci fuumɛ ŋayo di kpɛɛnɛ ga zaamani ŋmɛnɛyo
digi wala zaŋayayo cin koo gono nsɛɛ.
Kan hini koo kammɛnze loo ow digikalamiiriji nɔn
boo loo aga yanɔ digi di cire saafiyowala na zam.
 Yanɔɔ ma beiy a ŋmɛnɛ icɛɛnɛ gono kan cin ko
gun cɛɛ: Tikekaariji

Ma beiy digitatabuuriji kulu bara kamri & damri

looriji nɔɔ. Zanka ili don ci digi di kuna nɔn cin
gbey kaa hima cen ma tɛɛ dam akuna.

 Zuuriji (scanner): ŋanɔɔ takalla ow foto

ceniyoo kadam tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna.
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna jɔlfɔkunariji nɔɔ fotoyo
nna hantum kaarijintɛ cin ci.Gbeidor beeriyo
coroo den na lɛɛtiri samma nsɛɛ cifɔ di nɔn
gaa zu nnan zuuriji. Saadi duka walkaa cɛrɛ
ba takalla di ta maduka hinsa nna
ntɛɛrilasabuuriji.
 Jagalikamɛra (Webcam) : ŋanɔɔ noo cɛrɛ cɛn
naa bidio intɛrnɛt bɔnŋɔ.
  Yɔɔjɛdisiiriji / Mikiro (microphone): ŋanɔɔ
nsenniyo ow yɔɔjɛyo, dooniyo ow hɛɛniyo
kpama nnaa.

Ndimiyo baa afɔyoo mutukoo cɛɛnɛyo afɔyoo binɛ

gono tukuntɛyo zaŋa walkaayo ngono ili
kangaraafuyo kuna.
KAMRI
Kamri nɔɔ looriji kulu kaa nam ma bayaani kaayo,
hoobuyo, mayo ow diyayo zaŋa:

Takallakaariji : tadawayo kan cin loo bara nɔɔ

dimi hinka

pɔɔdantɛ

halihalintɛ
Digiyo
Digi dimiyo kan gono baa :
Digibannakɔrɔmkpɛ ŋayoo nɔɔ dom digi kaa
booroo loo ( amma mutukoo ninɛ zu bayo)

Digilɛfɛlɛfɛ ŋayoo nɔɔ zaamani digi kaa booroo loo

( amma nsuu ninɛ loo bayo)
Su diriŋaa kaa dimi mɔɔ ŋmaani fɔyo bɔŋɔ gono
kan cin ko gun cɛɛ : Askecibariji (projector).
Senniiriji / baafu (speaker)
Looriji wɔɔ cɛrɛ a hamfaani kan gaa ben naa nɔ an
yɔɔjɛ ow an hɛɛni kaa bɔrɔ ma ma.

Tɛɛrilasabuuriji dimiyo kan gono

Gbeidor bambata Tɛɛrilasabuuriji ( Mainframe

computer) , Lasabuurijiteburga (Desktop) &
Kentilasabuuriji (personal computer)
 Gbeidor bambata Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
( Mainframe computer) coroo di nɔɔ gbeidɔr
beeriyo loo.
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji beeriyo bayaaniyo tuutuuma kan
mutu koo bayo kpama nɔɔ. Gbeidor bambata
Tɛɛrilasabuurijiyo nɔɔ gbeidor nyaafiinɔyo zaŋa
banciyo, lokotoro beeriyo, kpaara adadi
kabukabuyo dɔɔyo loo.

Delci bambata hɛya kaa ilii nufi nɔɔ gbeidor

zaŋayo ya cin mutu koo hɛyyo koo beeri yoo nɔɔ.
Gbedɔ 5 wɔɔyo anduniya kuna ntakayo si dey yani
ansu baran sɛɛ maa maaci kaa Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
dimi kan loo, boo ŋmaanɛɛyo nna Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
kaa hɛn nna nii loo. Dey yani coroo
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji dimi kan loo nɔn cɛɛ Gbeidor
bambata Tɛɛrilasabuuriji ( Mainframe computer).

 Lasabuurijiteburga (Desktop)
Dimiyo naa kaa nhini looyo fuuyo kuna, & gbeidɔɔ
sasawayo, yanɔɔ binɛɛ teeburu bɔnŋɔ nɔɔ ndigi
himaa moo tɛkɛ.
  Kentilasabuuriji (PC)
Coroo di nɔɔ bɔrɔɔ hini kaza koo diran nnaa. nbinɛ
den gbey tɛ nnaa, ahima nɔɔ amoo tɛkɛyon
ntaalayo bɔnŋɔ ow teeburu bɔnŋɔ yaa nɔɔ binɛ
nhini kaa tɛkɛ nun kan baa kulu ka gbey tɛn naa.
(KLyo) bɔnŋɔ fɔ loo yo nɔɔ coroo bara nnaaga
nhansinɛyo Gbeidor bambata Tɛɛrilasabuurijiyo.

Kentilasabuuriji
Gbeijina ŋmaani ŋmaani kan dɔbuyo cɛrɛ ga
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna :

Walaa-nya ( Mainboard/Motherboard) bara kabɛyani-wala

(circuit board) kantɛ beeri nɔɔ, agbeiyo na bisan naa
faasede tɛɛrilasabuurijiyo nna tɛɛriji hɛyannintɛ
tsari dɔbuyo ow ilii ci abara nɔɔ dɔɔrga (platform)
kaa gbeijina ŋmaani ŋmaani kan gono tɛɛrilasabuuriji
kuna, dɔbu nna cɛrɛ nɔɔ zaŋa Gbɛtɛɛri, USB,
HDMI, gbeiy hɔnŋiyari, Kpamaariji nna ncinniyo
kadu ka nam gbeijina fɔyo coroo nna kalhɔyo
(cables) nɔɔ dɔbutɛrɛ di bara.
  Gbɛtɛɛri ( processor)
(CPU) nɔɔ gbɛtɛɛri fumbe binni Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
Zariyo / gunoyo ( ports / interfaces)
USB : ŋanɔ ntɛrɛ looriji tikisi dɔbu nnaa zaŋa: cen,
saafiyowala, Takallakaariji, zuuriji, kpamaariji,
kilee USB, kamɛra, kaariji dimi ŋmaani nnan
cinniyo…

USB-C dɔbu
USB dɔbu
(Parallel and serial ports have been replaced by USB.)

HDMI : (High Definition Multimedia Interface)

ŋanɔ nkallo dimi ŋmaani ŋmaani kulu dɔbu nna
Tɛɛrilasabuuriji ga zaŋa digiyo , Askecibariji.

HDMI

Hɔnŋiyari beeri (Main Memory ) / Gbeiyo Hɔnŋiyari

working memory (RAM) anduka kpey koo bara a mŋɛnɛ

bayaani kpamayo cin koo bara waati dummɔ nɔ.

Ifɔyo yaa nam Tɛɛrilasabuuriji gaabi ma suu
senni?
 Gbɛtɛɛri ( processor) kargɛɛ (= CPU kargɛɛ):
nɛɛsiyo bara MHz (megahertz) ow GHz
(gigahertz).

 Gbeiyo Hɔnŋiyari /working memory (RAM) Random Access

memory (Kpeykaka Hɔnŋiyari tɔɔga) : den (KHT) gonna

gaabi nTɛɛrilasabuuriji tɔyani-tɔyaniyo zaa

Hɔnŋiyari ka kpey kpamariji kaa sinna gaabi
cowyo subu gun bɔɔyayo ka sii manna KHT di
gonna gaabi.
Zaamani Tɛɛrilasabuuriji hini koo gonna KHT
GB 4 ow an bisaya. Gbeiy musamantɛyo zaŋa
bidiyo siriyaniyo bukaata KHT kaa boo kaaruyo
hal GB 64.

Gbeiyo Hɔnŋiyari (RAM)

Tɛɛrilasabuuriji zeenɔ kaasu kalga hini ka bɛrɛ kalgantɛ

denna KHTyo tɔtɔnu asɛɛ.

 Kpamaariji/Hard drive : Marsa

Tɛɛrilasabuuriji hini ka gonna kpamaariji zaka
zaa GB 500 hal ka kpey TB 18 kpamadɔ zaka
ow am bisaya.
 Ninɛnɔɔri /Power supply: ŋaya bara
tɛɛrilasabuuriji kulu bannabiri den suu beiy
ma beiy kaa ŋayaa ninɛ cenni zaa ahunu dɔɔ
koo zemini ntɛɛrilasabuuriji gunde kuna
ŋmɛnɛ gbeijina kulu sɛɛ.
 Siryaniyo hɛy zaka marje yaa boo gaaduru/
Number of running programs : Den Tɛɛrilasabuuriji

baaniyo, saa kaa ngono gbei kuna, ci hɛy fɔ

kanna siryayo kan suu mɔɔliya daabu ka sii
man na nKHT maduwaa batumɛ, zaŋaya
nam nɔɔ Tɛɛrilasabuuriji zuree gaabi ma
tɔntɔnu.

 Bayaani kpamayo/ Storage of data:

Kpamayo zaka
Bit: ŋayaa mutu koo cɛɛnɛyo beyani saniya
kuna. A haali kangaa bennaa nɔ 0 & 1.
Byte : Byte 1 = bityo 8
Kilobytesyo 1 (KB) ˜ byteyo 1000
Megabytesyo 1 (MB) ˜ Kilobytesyo 1000
Gigabytesyo 1 (GB) ˜ Megabytesyo 1000
Terabytesyo 1 (TB) ˜ Gigabytesyo 1000

Kan dombaa hantum deydey baariji

bɔnŋɔ lamba 1024 (=210), aba baran
sɛɛ sɔɔci dennaa hantum 1000
Kpama loorijiyo taariyani/ mass storage devices :
 CD-ROM (compact Disc/ disk
babbakaawantɛ) abara kpamadɔ diyariji kan
dooni & bayani yaasi dimi ŋmaani dama
akuna. CD-ROMs yo di kurani bara nɔɔ, nna
CD hantumuuriji kaa lɛsar aske kumsuyo
akuna.

 USB saafi & Hɔnŋiyari kaati (SD kaati – kaati

cowriji bukaata).

Hɔnŋiyari kaati
USB saafi Hɔnŋiyari kaati fɔɔlɔ
 DVDyo : A ŋmaanɛyo nna CD-ROMs yo nan
kpamadɔ zakaa bisayo.

 Blue-ray disks / diskyo haske bula hali:

bidioyo kpamayo ŋmɛnɛ.

 Kpamaariji/ hard disk : kaa cin gonna

guurunya diskyo ow afɔ, kan hinika bayaani
dawamantɛ kpama akuna. Nhini ka
kpamaariji damunsɛɛ nTɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna
ow tɛrɛ loorijiyo kuna. Marsa Tɛɛrilasabuuriji
hini ka gonna kpamaariji zaka zaa GB 500 hal
ka kpey TB 18 kpamadɔ zaka ow am bisaya.
Kpamaariji kunantɛ Kpamaariji tɛrɛntɛ

 NAS ( Network Attached Storage) Kpama

dɔbu nna ligbeiy.(KDL) : ŋanɔ kpama loorijiyo
kan dɔbu ligbeiy ga.

 Kpamayo lɛybɔnŋɔ/ online storage: ŋayo nɔɔ

gbeeri (Service) nɔɔ-kpɛɛyo cin kal nɔɔ
intanɛt bɔnŋɔ.

Gbeiyo Hɔnŋiyari /working memory

(RAM) Random Access memory
(KHT) Kpeykaka Hɔnŋiyari tɔɔga
KHT ow RAM ŋanɔɔ gbeiyo hɔnŋiyari ŋmɛnɛ adadi
tɛɛrilasabuuriji kuna. Denna tɛɛrilasabuuriji tɔɔnu Gbeiy
tsari (operating system) zaka fɔ nɔɔ KHT cin jɛrɛ.
KHT bara nɔɔ hɔnŋiyari maninɛntɛ (volatile memory):
denna latirki ninɛ wii, hɔnŋiyari di ŋmɛnɛ kunjina
(content) kuru bara dɛrɛntɛnɔɔ.
Zaamani Tɛɛrilasabuuriji hini koo gonna KHT
GB 4 ow an bisaya.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

HTC (Hɔnŋiyari Tiki Cow)
HTC ow ROM kpɛɛnɛ bara Hɔnŋiyari dimi ŋmaani fɔ
nɔɔ, basaafɔ cɛrɛ kunji tɛ cowyo tiki nɔɔ, amma asuu tɛ
ma hantum abɔnŋɔ. yanɔ binɛ hɔnŋiyari di kunji suu
tuusu ow an dɛrɛ denna Tɛɛrilasabuuriji di wi.
Atɛɛrilasabuuriji si anduniya wɔɔ kuna kaa
sinna ROM hɔnŋiyari kaa akuna nɔn BIOS (Basic
Input Output System) kpama

Bios maana nna zugu cinɛ : Damri & Kamri Tsari

Asali (DKTA)

DKTA ow BIOS bara tɛɛrilasabuuriji siryani kan

dam Gbɛtɛɛripitiu (microprocessor) kuna ŋaya
tɛɛrilasabuuriji ŋmɛnɛ gbeiyo tsari turani
denna tɛɛrilasabuuriji tɔɔnu. yanɔ binɛ a bayani
bisani tɛɛrilasabuuriji nna gbeiyo tsari binni
nna dɔbuyani loorijiyo, zaŋa kpamariji, bidiyo,
adafta, safiyowala, cem nna takallakariji.