Emission Spectra and Energy Levels Worksheet Discussion: One convenient method of exciting atoms ofan element isto pass sn electric current through a sample of the element in the vapor phase. This is the principle behind the spectrum tubes in the demonstration. A specirum tube contains a small sample of an element in the vapor phase, An electric discharge through the tube will eause the vapor to glow brightly. The glow is produced when excited electrons emit visible fight energy as they return to their original levels, ‘When visible fight energy fromt a spectrum tube is passed through a diffraction grating, a brightline spectrum, or fine-emtission spectrum is produced. Each element has its own unique emission spectram by which it can be identified, analogous to a fingerprint, Such a spectrum consists of a series of bright lines of definite wavelength, Each wavelength can be mathematically related to a definite quantity of energy produced by the movement of an election from one discrete energy level to another. Thus, emission spectra are experimental proof that electrons exist in definite, distinctive energy levels in an atom. Question: |, How can the difference in the brightness of spectra lines beexplained? _ 2. According to the modern theory of the atom, where may an atom’s electrons be found? 4, State the equation used to determine the energy content of a packet of light of specific frequency, 5. What form of energy emission accompanies the return of excited electrons to the ground state?,Bright-Line Spectra Objective: To test your ability to analyze bright-line spectza charts, Below, bright-line spectral chart for five elements and four unknown samples are given. Answer questions 7-11 based on the information given in the chart, 7 laeeea Tr 7500 7000 «6500» 6000S 5800 S000 wavelength: A (10° m) —— 4500 Lexum Sodium (a) Hotium He) [Potesiunte | [cosmic | Hydrogen tH) Unkeown ¥ Unknown 2 6. List all elements present in unknown sample W. 7. List all elements present in unknown sample X. 8. List all elements present in unknown sample Y, 9. List all elements present in unknown sample Z. 10, Explain, in terms of electron transition, how bright-line spectra are produced by atoms.ELECTRON CONFIGURATION Name ___ (LEVEL ONE) Electrons are distrinuted In the electron cloud into principal energy levels (1, 2,3, ...), sublevels (s, p, d, f), orbitals (s has 1, p has 3, d has 5, f has 7) and spin (two electrons allowed per orbitad. Example: Draw the electron configuration of sodium (atomic #11). Answer: 18? 25? 2p 3s! EE a epee ree Draw the electron configurations of the following atoms. 1 cl 1 L. ery Tae ; Srahactonal fheName: . - _Date: Bohr Model Worksheet Directions Draw the Bohr Models showing all the electrons in each energy level. 1. Magnesium compounds are used in the production of uranium for nuclear reactors. Draw the Bohr model for magnesium. Niels Bohr 2. Sodium is found in salts that can be used to seed clouds to increase rainfall. Draw the Bohr model for sodium. —Name: ___Period:_ 4, Argon gas can be found in Geiger counters which are used to detect radiation. Draw the Bohr model for argon. (© 200 High Shoo Testo Inve (ASTD Bost Matas: Tae ATOM: SoucareName: __ Period: 5. Aluminum alloys are used in airplane construction due to their low density. Draw the Bohr model for aluminum. (©2004 High Stoo eel eave HST) Edna trie The ATOM: SetePeriod: Name: 7. Lithium can be found in Mount Palomar’s 200-inch telescopic mirror, Draw the Bohr model for lithium. 8. Sulfur dioxide is often used at water treatment facilities to dechlorinate water. Draw the Bohr mode! for sulfur.