P1 Past Papers HT

Centre Number
Candidate Number
General Certificate of Secondary Education

2023–2024
Double Award Science:

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
WEDNESDAY 15 NOVEMBER 2023, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces provided at the top of this
page.
You must answer the questions in the spaces provided.
Do not write outside the boxed area on each page or on blank pages.
Complete in black ink only. Do not write with a gel pen.
Answer all nine questions.
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

The total mark for this paper is 70.
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages indicate the marks awarded
to each question or part question.
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 1.
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1 This question is about the densities of solids, liquids and gases and the distances
between the particles in each state of matter.
Which state of matter generally has the lowest, intermediate (middle) and highest
density?
Describe the average distance between the particles in each state.
In this question you will be assessed on your written communication skills

including the use of specialist scientific terms.
Lowest density
State of matter with lowest density:
Average distance between the particles (smallest, intermediate or largest):
Intermediate density
State of matter with intermediate density:
Highest density
State of matter with highest density:
[6]
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2 (a) An object is travelling at a constant speed in a straight line.
The forward force acting on the object is 55 N.
What is the size of the backward force acting on the object?
Backward force = N
The forward force on the object remains at 55 N and the backward force
changes to 40 N.
What is the size of the resultant force acting on the object?
Resultant force = N [2]
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(b) (i) A van is driven in a straight line along a road.
The van and its contents have a mass of 2300 kg.

There is a resultant force of 4830 N acting on the van.
Calculate the acceleration of the van.
You are advised to show your working out.
Acceleration = m/s2 [3]
(ii) The resultant force acting on the van decreases by half.

How will this affect the acceleration of the van?
Place a tick (3) in the correct box.
acceleration doubles
acceleration halves
acceleration stays the same [1]
[Turn over
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3 (a) An object of mass 1 kg is placed on a table.
What is the name given to the force due to the pull of gravity on the object?
What is the size of this force acting on the 1 kg object?
Force = N [2]
(b) (i) A pram is pushed along a path.
The pram is pushed with a constant force of 40 N and 1200 J of work is

done.
Calculate the distance moved by the pram.
Distance = m [3]
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(ii) 1200 J of work is done in pushing the pram for one minute.
Calculate the power produced during this time.
Include the unit in your answer.
Power = [5]
(iii) Use your answer to (b)(ii) to state how many joules of energy are transferred
per second.
Energy transferred per second = J [1]
[Turn over
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4 (a) A uniform metre rule with boxes A and B is balanced at its midpoint as shown
below.
A B
pivot
(i) Which box, A or B, has the greater mass?
The moment produced by box A is 12 Ncm.
What is the size and direction of the moment produced by box B?
Size = Ncm
Direction = [3]
(ii) Box A is moved closer to the pivot.
In which direction should box B be moved so that the metre rule remains
balanced?
[1]
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(b) Another uniform metre rule is balanced at its midpoint as shown below.
45 cm d
pivot
2N 3N
Use the Principle of Moments to calculate the distance, d, between the 3 N force
and the pivot.
Distance, d = cm [4]
[Turn over
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5 The velocity-time graph for part of a car journey is shown below.
20
15
Velocity/
m/s
10
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time/s
(i) Calculate the total displacement of the car during the time
period 0 to 15 seconds.
Displacement = m [3]
(ii) Describe the motion of the car during the time period 25 to 30 seconds.
During which time period is the car stationary?
From to s [2]
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(iii) Calculate the acceleration of the car during the time period 30 to 40 seconds.
[Turn over
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6 Radioactive nuclei decay to become more stable.
(a) Complete the following decay equations by inserting numbers into the square
boxes and the correct symbol into the circle.
228 4
Th Ra +
90
234
Pa Pa + γ
91
[6]
(b) The activity of a radioactive source falls from 800 counts per minute to
100 counts per minute after 87 years.
Calculate the half-life of the radioactive source.
Half-life = years [3]
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7 Nuclear fusion has the potential to solve the energy needs of the world.
(i) Name two different isotopes of hydrogen that could be used for nuclear fusion.
State the major natural source of these isotopes and the name of the main
by-product of the fusion reaction.
Isotopes used for fusion:
and
Source:
By-product: [4]
(ii) Nuclear fusion is the source of energy for which group of objects in the
Universe?
[1]
(iii) How many times more energy, per kg of fuel, does nuclear fusion release
compared to burning coal?
[1]
(iv) State two major difficulties that must be overcome before nuclear fusion can be
used to produce energy on a commercial scale on Earth.
1.
2. [2]
[Turn over
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8 (i) The average velocity for the first part of a car journey is 12 m/s.
The displacement is 3.12 km.
Calculate the time taken for the car journey.
Time = s [4]
(ii) The car then completes the journey by returning to its original starting position.
What is the displacement and the average velocity of the car for the entire
journey?
Displacement = m
Average velocity = m/s [2]
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9 A bird hovers above the sea before diving downwards.
The bird has a mass of 6 kg and is initially at a height of 8 m above the water.
During its dive through the air, the bird loses 10% of its initial energy.
By first finding its initial gravitational potential energy, calculate the velocity of the
bird as it enters the water.
Velocity = m/s [7]
THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER
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Centre Number
Candidate Number

2022–2023

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
THURSDAY 25 MAY 2023, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

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1 Atoms are made of protons, neutrons and electrons.
For each of these particles, state:
• their location within the atom;

• their relative mass.

Proton:
Neutron:
Electron:
[6]
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2 This question is about nuclear fission.
(i) Name a suitable fuel for nuclear fission.
[1]
(ii) State fully what must happen first for a nucleus to undergo fission and state two
things, other than energy, that are produced as a result.
[4]
(iii) A nuclear fission reaction can cause many further fissions to happen.
What is the name given to this process?
[1]
(iv) A major incident at a nuclear power plant could cause huge economic, health
and environmental damage.
Name a country in which such an incident has occurred.
[1]
[Turn over
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3 The graph of distance against time for part of a motorbike journey is shown below.
200
Distance/m 100
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time/s
(i) During which time period is the motorbike travelling the fastest?
From to s
Give a reason for your answer.
Describe the motion of the motorbike from 25 to 40 seconds.
[3]
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(ii) Use values from the graph to calculate the average speed of the motorbike
during the time period from 10 to 25 seconds.
Give your answer to one decimal place.
Average speed = m/s [5]
[Turn over
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4 (a) Hooke’s Law states the relationship between the force applied and the extension
of a spring, provided that a certain point is not exceeded.
What is the name of this point?
[1]
(b) A graph of force against extension for three different springs is shown below.
A
B
Force
Extension
State which spring you would expect to have the smallest spring constant and
give a reason for your choice.
Spring
Reason
[2]
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(c) A piece of gym equipment has five identical springs.
Each spring has an unstretched length of 50 cm.
A stretching force of 60 N is applied and this force is shared equally by all five
springs.
Each spring extends to a length of 58 cm.
Calculate the spring constant of one of the springs and give its unit.
Do not change any units.
Spring constant = [5]
[Turn over
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5 (a) A liquid is stored in a container.
4 cm
5 cm
The density of the liquid is 0.8 g/cm3.

The mass of the liquid is 96 g.
The dimensions of the base of the container are shown.
By first finding the volume of the liquid, calculate the height, h, of the liquid in the
container.
Height, h = cm [5]
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(b) Three molecular arrangements are shown below.
A B C
Which molecular arrangement, A, B or C could represent a solid?
Molecular arrangement
Which molecular arrangement, A, B or C could represent a liquid?
Molecular arrangement [2]
[Turn over
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6 (a) A man performs pull-ups on a bar.
He raises himself by 60 cm in one pull-up.

He has a mass of 65 kg.
Calculate the work done in one pull-up.
Work done = J [4]
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(b) On another occasion the man produces 280 W of power while doing pull-ups for
2 minutes.
Calculate the work done by the man during this time.
Work done = J [4]
[Turn over
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7 A new sports car is taken for a test drive. Part of its velocity–time graph is shown.
30
Velocity/ 20
m/s
10
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time/s
(a) (i) Calculate the displacement of the car during the first 30 seconds of its
journey.
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(ii) Calculate the acceleration of the car when the resultant force acting on it is
a maximum.
(b)
Resultant force
= 1800 N
The resultant force acting on a different car and its driver is 1800 N.
The acceleration is 1.5 m/s2.
The driver has a mass of 75 kg.
Calculate the mass of the car.
Mass of car = kg [4]

[Turn over
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8 (a) State the Principle of Moments in words.
[3]
(b) The metre rule shown is balanced at its mid-point under the action of two forces.
18 cm 10 cm
W 12 N
Calculate the weight, W.
Weight, W = N [3]
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9 (a) A radioactive element, U, decays to another element, Th, by emitting radiation.
Complete the equation for this decay by inserting the numbers in the boxes.
235
U Th + α
90
[4]
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(b) The graph below shows how the activity of a radioactive substance varies with
time.
80
70
60
Activity/counts per minute
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time/days
At the beginning (Time = 0 days) there are 30 000 undecayed nuclei.
Use the graph to find how long it takes for the number of undecayed nuclei to fall
to 3750.
Time = days [4]

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Centre Number
Candidate Number

2022–2023

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
FRIDAY 24 FEBRUARY 2023, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 2(a).
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1 The diagram shows a neutral atom of an element X.
(a) (i) State the mass number.
Mass number =
State the number of neutral particles.

Number =
State the atomic number.
Atomic number =
[3]
(ii) The nucleus of element X can be described using the notation below.
Insert the correct numbers in the two boxes.
X
[1]
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(iii) If the neutral atom, X, is to become a positive ion what must happen to it?
[2]
(b) What are isotopes? Give your answer in terms of atomic number and mass
number.
[2]
[Turn over
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2 (a) Radiation may be used in industry, medicine and agriculture.
Sources with different half-lives are used in each case below.
You are asked to consider the type of radiation emitted (alpha, beta or gamma)
and in each case give a suitable half-life (long or short).

Radiation can be used to trace a leak in an underground pipe.

The detector is above ground.
Radiation emitted
Half-life
Smoke alarms are installed in many households.
Radiation emitted
Half-life
An isotope is injected into the bloodstream so that the flow of blood through the
body can be monitored.
Radiation emitted
Half-life
[6]
(b) Why do some nuclei disintegrate?
[1]
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3 A speedboat moves with a constant acceleration of 3 m/s2.
The mass of the speedboat is 750 kg.
(i) Calculate the resultant force acting on the speedboat.
You are advised to show clearly your working out.
Resultant force = N [3]
(ii) Calculate the weight of the speedboat.
Weight of speedboat = N [2]

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(iii) State what will happen to the speed of the boat when the size of the engine
force is equal to the size of the resistive forces combined.
Tick (3) the correct box below.
The speed will increase.
The speed will be constant.
The speed will decrease. [1]
[Turn over
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4(i) A student carries out an experiment with a spiral spring to obtain readings of
force and extension.
The graph of her results is shown.
3
Force/N
0
0 2 4 6 8 10
Extension/mm
Find the gradient of the graph and give its unit.
Gradient =
What property of the spring does the gradient represent?
[5]
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(ii) The student wants to find the extension of the same spring when the force is
16 N.
The spring has not reached the limit of proportionality when the force is 16 N.
Use your answer to part (i) to find the extension of the spring when the force is
16 N.
Extension = mm [3]
[Turn over
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5 (a) The velocity-time graph for part of a car journey is shown below.
15
10
Velocity/
m/s
0
0 50 100 150
Time/s
(i) Calculate the acceleration of the car during the first 50 seconds.
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(ii) Calculate the total displacement of the car during the first 50 seconds.
(iii) During the last 50 seconds the car has a negative acceleration.
Explain what is meant by negative acceleration in terms of velocity.
[1]
(b) Quantities can be scalar or vector.
Tick (3) the boxes below to show which quantities are vectors.
Quantity Vector
Energy
Acceleration
Velocity
Speed
[2]
[Turn over
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6 A box is placed on a table.
The box has a weight of 40 N and the table weighs 160 N.
The total pressure exerted on the floor is 25 N/cm2.
(i) Calculate the total area of the table legs in contact with the floor and give the
correct unit.
Total area = [5]
(ii) The box is replaced with another box of smaller mass. Explain fully what effect
this will have on the pressure exerted on the floor.
The pressure will because
[3]
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7 It takes 4 seconds and a power of 140 W to raise an object vertically.
(i) Calculate the work done in raising the object.
Work done = J [3]
(ii) On another occasion, 35 J of work is done in raising the object.

The object, which has a mass of 0.7 kg, now falls.
Calculate the velocity with which it hits the ground.
Assume no energy losses.
Velocity = m/s [3]
[Turn over
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8 This question is about radioactivity.
(a) Steps should be taken to minimise the risk to those handling radioactive
sources.
State three different ways in which these risks could be minimised.
1.
2.
3. [3]
(b) (i) Explain the meaning of half-life.
[2]
(ii) The background activity in a laboratory is measured to be 7 counts per

minute (cpm).
When a radioactive source is brought into the laboratory, the total activity
including background is 367 cpm.
This value then decreases to 52 cpm in 1 hour.
By first finding the initial and final activities due to the radioactive source
alone, calculate its half-life.
Half-life = minutes [4]
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9 (a) What is meant by the term centre of gravity?
[2]
(b) A metre rule is balanced at the mid-point with three boxes as shown.
25 cm 10 cm
10 N
Box Y has a weight of 11.0 N and is placed directly below box X.
Calculate the weight of box X.
Weight of box X = N [5]
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Centre Number
Candidate Number

2022–2023

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
WEDNESDAY 23 NOVEMBER 2022, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

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1 (a) The following question is about the harm that radioactive emissions can cause.

Radioactive emissions can be dangerous because of a process called ionisation.
What is ionisation?
What harm can ionisation cause to the human body?
What is background radiation?
State one type of human behaviour that adds significantly to background

radiation.
Some homes have to be well ventilated because of the presence of a particular

radioactive gas. Name this gas.
[6]
(b) There are three types of radiation.
Which is stopped by a thin sheet of paper?
Which is most penetrating?
[2]
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2 Atoms are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons.
(a) A potassium atom is described below.
39
K
19
Complete the table below to show the number of each particle in the
potassium atom.
Particle Number
Proton
Neutron
Electron
What is the overall charge on the potassium atom?
[4]
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(b) (i) Explain, in terms of particles, what an isotope is.
[2]
An isotope of carbon is described below.
14
C
6
(ii) What is the atomic number and the mass number of this isotope?
Atomic number =
Mass number = [2]
[Turn over
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3 The graph of distance against time for part of a bike journey is shown below.
150
100
Distance/m
50
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Time/s
(i) During which time period is the bike travelling the fastest?
Give a reason for your answer.
to s
Reason
Describe the motion of the bike during the time period 35 to 50 seconds.
How far has the bike travelled during the time period 0 to 30 seconds?
m [4]
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(ii) Use values from the graph to calculate the speed of the bike during the first
25 seconds.
Speed = m/s [4]
[Turn over
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4 (a) This question is about the efficiency of a light bulb.
© Getty Images
The light bulb uses 600 J of electrical energy.

450 J of energy are wasted.
Calculate the efficiency of the light bulb.
Efficiency = [4]
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(b) A drawer can be opened to a maximum distance of 60 cm.
To open the drawer fully, 0.72 J of work is done.
Calculate the force used to open the drawer fully.
Force = N [4]
[Turn over
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5 (a) (i) Complete the sentence below for an object falling freely (free fall) in a
vacuum.
Due to a force called the object will fall with an
acceleration of m/s2 and this acceleration is given the
symbol . [3]
(ii) When this object falls through air, a second force acts on it.
Name this force and give its direction.
Force
Direction
What effect will this have on the size of the acceleration compared with the
acceleration of an object falling freely?
[3]
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(b) An object falls through the air as shown.
falling object
A Velocity = 12 m/s
B Velocity = 36 m/s
At position A its velocity is 12 m/s and at position B its velocity is 36 m/s.

The time interval between these two velocities is 3 seconds.
Calculate the acceleration of the object.
[Turn over
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6 (a) The image shows a digger with caterpillar tracks.
caterpillar tracks
© Getty Images
The digger has a weight of 60 000 N.

It exerts a pressure on the ground of 10 000 Pa.
Calculate the area of one of the caterpillar tracks in contact with the ground.
Include the unit with your answer.
Area of one track = [5]
(b) Caterpillar tracks are used so that the digger will not sink in muddy ground.
Why does the digger not sink in muddy ground?
Explain fully your answer in terms of pressure.
[2]
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7 An electric motor is used to lift a load of 0.3 kg.
electric motor
load
0.3 kg
Source: Principal Examiner
The load is lifted to a height of 150 cm above the ground.
(a) Calculate the increase in potential energy of the load.
Increase in potential energy = J [4]
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(b) A different electric motor of power output 750 W did 2250 J of work in lifting a
load.
How long did it take to lift the load?
Time = s [3]
[Turn over
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8 (a) Define the moment of a force using words only. Do not use symbols.
[3]
(b) A uniform rule, 100 cm long, is balanced by a 4 N force as shown in the diagram.
The weight, W, of the rule is not shown.
70 cm
4N
(i) What is the direction of the moment exerted by the weight of the rule?
Direction =
What do we call the point where the weight of the rule acts?
[2]
(ii) Calculate the value of the moment exerted by the weight of the rule and give
the unit. Do not change any units.
Remember, the metre rule is balanced.
Moment = [4]
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9 (i) Energy can be changed from one form to another but the total amount of energy
does not change.
What name is given to this principle?
[1]
(ii) A stone of mass 50 g is projected into the air.
The stone is projected with an initial energy of 12.0 J

At point X its potential energy is 7.2 J
Calculate the speed of the stone at the point X.
Give your answer correct to one decimal place.
Speed = m/s [5]

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Centre Number
Candidate Number

2021–2022

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
TUESDAY 7 JUNE, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.
Answer all eight questions.

Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 3(i).
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1 (a) A footballer kicks a ball of mass 0.5 kg into the air.
At one point the ball has a speed of 8 m/s.
Calculate the kinetic energy of the ball at this point.
Kinetic energy = J [3]
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(b) On another occasion the footballer gives the ball a total energy of 45 J when
he kicks it.
© Getty Images
Later, the ball reaches a height, h, where its kinetic energy is 30 J
Calculate the height, h, of the ball.
Remember the mass of the ball is 0.5 kg.
Height, h = m [4]
[Turn over
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2 (a) The distance–time graph for a cycle journey is shown below.
60
40
Distance/m
20
0
0 10 20 30 40 50
Time/s
(i) During what time interval is the cyclist travelling fastest?
s to s [1]

(ii) Calculate his speed during the last 25 seconds of his journey.
Speed = m/s [4]
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(b) An object falls from rest.
During its fall no air resistance (friction) acts on the object.
(i) What is the speed of the object 3 seconds after its release from rest?
Speed = m/s [1]
(ii) Calculate the average speed of the object during these 3 seconds.
[Turn over
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3 (i) In the following question you are asked to name, in words, the three types of
radiation that may be emitted by radioactive nuclei.
For each type of radiation state its relative charge, if any.

Radiation 1
Radiation 2
Radiation 3
[6]
(ii) State a danger of working with radioactive substances.
People should stay far away from radioactive sources whilst using them.
Give a practical way of doing this.
[2]
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4 (a) (i) Explain the meaning of the term half-life.
[2]
(ii) A radioactive substance has a half-life of 3 days.
Initially the substance has 14 000 undecayed nuclei.
By first finding the number of undecayed nuclei after 9 days, calculate the
number of nuclei which have decayed in this time.
Number of decayed nuclei = [3]
(b) Technetium (Tc) is a radioactive element used in hospitals.

It is made when molybdenum (Mo) emits a negatively charged radioactive
particle.
An incomplete equation for the change is shown below.
99
Mo Tc +
42
Write the symbol for the emitted particle in the large box on the right-hand side
and then complete the decay equation. [5]
13389
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*20GDW3208*
(c) Sometimes radioactivity causes ionisation.
What do you understand by ionisation?
[2]
[Turn over
13389
*20GDW3209*
*20GDW3209*
5 (a) A student adds 5 N of water to an empty container of weight 3 N.
bench
The pressure exerted on the bench is 160 Pa.
Calculate the area of the base of the container and give its unit.
Area of base = [5]
13389
*20GDW3210*
*20GDW3210*
(b) What does a vector quantity have that a scalar quantity does not?
In part (a) of this question area and weight were mentioned.

For each quantity, write S for scalar or V for vector in the second column.
Quantity S or V
Weight
Area
[3]
[Turn over
13389
*20GDW3211*
*20GDW3211*
6 A workman uses a rope and pulley to raise a block of mass 30 kg from the ground to
the position shown.
pulley
rope
4m
1.5 m 30 kg
(i) Calculate the work done in raising the block to this new position.
Ignore the effect of friction.
Work done = J [4]
13389
*20GDW3212*
*20GDW3212*
(ii) The work is done in one minute.
Calculate the power.
Power = W [4]
(iii) In practice, the pulley exerts a force of friction.

In lifting the block to the same height does the workman do more work, less
work or the same amount of work as your answer to part (i)?
Give your answer by placing a tick (3) in a box below.
More work Less work Same work [1]
[Turn over
13389
*20GDW3213*
*20GDW3213*
7 (a) A load of 12 N is added to a spring but not released.
The distance from the top of the spring to the top of the load is 30 mm.
The dotted box shows the new position of the 12 N load when it is released.
30 mm
38 mm
12 N
3 mm
new position
of load 12 N
Calculate the spring constant and give its unit.
13389
*20GDW3214*
*20GDW3214*
(b) An engineer is given a data sheet with the force–extension graphs for three
springs, A, B, and C.
C
Force/N
0
Extension/cm
Unfortunately, the numbers were missing from the axes.

The engineer needs the spring with the smallest spring constant.
Which spring, A, B or C should he choose?
Spring
Give a reason for your choice.
[1]
[Turn over
13389
*20GDW3215*
*20GDW3215*
8 Below are three velocity–time graphs, A,B and C.
A B
8 8
6 6
Velocity/
Velocity/
m/s
m/s
4 4
2 2
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
Time/s Time/s
C
8
6
Velocity/
m/s
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time/s
13389
*20GDW3216*
*20GDW3216*
(i) Choose from letters A, B or C to answer the following.
Which graph(s) show constant velocity?
Letter(s)
In which graph(s) are the forces acting on the object balanced?
Letter(s)
Which graph(s) show constant (non-zero) acceleration?
Letter(s) [4]
(ii) The object in graph C is acted on by a resultant force of 12 N.

Calculate the mass of the body.
Mass = kg [7]
13389
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*20GDW3217*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2021–2022

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
TIME
1 hour.
page.

13567
*16GDW3201*
*16GDW3201*
1 This question is about the properties of radiation which comes from radioactive
sources.

Which type of radiation has the greatest penetrating power and what material is best
at blocking it?
Which type of radiation is least penetrating and what is its range in air?
What do we call the activity which is detected when no radioactive source is

present?
How is this activity accounted for when measuring the activity of a radioactive source
which is present?
[6]
13567
*16GDW3202*
*16GDW3202*
(a) Complete the table below to show the relative mass and charge of each particle.
Particle Relative mass Relative charge
Proton
Neutron
Electron
[6]
(b) The nucleus of a phosphorus atom is described below.
31
15
P
Complete the table below to show the number of each particle in the nucleus of
the phosphorus atom.
Particle Number
Proton
Neutron
Electron
What is the value of the mass number of this phosphorus atom?
[4]
[Turn over
13567
*16GDW3203*
*16GDW3203*
3 (a) This question is about nuclear energy.
For nuclear fission of a uranium nucleus to occur, it must first absorb a particle.
Name this particle.
Which nuclear process is the source of a star’s energy?
Name an isotope of hydrogen that can be used as a fuel for nuclear fusion.
What is the major by-product of nuclear fusion?
State an environmental advantage of producing energy by nuclear fusion.
[5]
(b) How much more energy per kg does nuclear fusion release when compared to
the energy released by nuclear fission?
Circle your answer.
4 4000 4 000 000 times
State two difficulties that must be overcome before nuclear fusion can be used
to produce energy on a commercial scale on Earth.
1.
2. [3]
13567
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*16GDW3204*
4 (a) State Hooke’s Law in words. Do not use symbols in your answer.
[2]
(b) When a force of 6 N is applied to a spring it has a total length of 12 cm.
12 cm
6N
© Getty Images
The spring has an unstretched length of 8 cm.
Calculate the spring constant and give its unit.


[Turn over
13567
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*16GDW3205*
5 The velocity-time graph for part of a car journey is shown below.
B C
15
10
Velocity/
m/s
5
A
D
0 Time/s
50 100 150
–5
–10
(a) Describe the motion of the car in the time intervals AB, BC and CD.
Calculations are not required.
AB
BC
CD
[3]
13567
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*16GDW3206*
(b) Calculate the total displacement of the car during the last 100 seconds.
[Turn over
13567
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*16GDW3207*
6 (a) A parachutist jumps out of a plane and falls vertically towards the ground.
© Getty Images
As she falls, 330 000 J of work are done against a constant frictional force of
750 N until she opens her parachute.
Calculate the distance fallen by the parachutist before she opens her parachute.
Distance = m [3]
13567
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*16GDW3208*
(b) (i) A builder does 6 kJ of work climbing up a ladder in 20 seconds.
© Getty Images
Calculate the power, in watts, developed by the builder during this time.
Power = W [4]
(ii) How many joules of energy does the builder transfer per second during this
time?
Energy transferred per second = J [1]
[Turn over
13567
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*16GDW3209*
7 (i) A travel carrier weighs 9 N when empty and has a base area of 1800 cm2.
A small dog is placed in the travel carrier.
The pressure exerted on the ground is 0.03 N/cm2.
© Getty Images
By first finding the force on the ground, calculate the mass of the dog.
Mass of dog = kg [5]
13567
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*16GDW3210*
(ii) The small dog is replaced with a dog of greater mass in the same travel carrier.
Complete the following sentence by circling the correct option.
The pressure will increase / decrease / stay the same
Explain fully the reason for your answer.
[3]
[Turn over
13567
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*16GDW3211*
8 (a) What does a resultant force always cause?
[1]
(b) (i) A speedboat of mass 230 kg accelerates forwards at 3.1 m/s2. The driver of
the speedboat has a mass of 70 kg. The total frictional forces acting on the
speedboat and the driver are 7000 N.
forward engine
force
7000 N
© Getty Images
Calculate forward force of the speedboat’s engine.

Forward engine force = N [5]
(ii) The resultant force acting on the speedboat is doubled.
How will this affect the acceleration of the speedboat?
Tick (3) the correct box.
acceleration doubles
acceleration halves
acceleration stays the same

[1]
13567
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*16GDW3212*
9 An object of mass 4 kg is projected vertically upwards with an initial kinetic energy of
648 J.
(i) Calculate the speed at which the object is projected.
Speed = m/s [4]
(ii) What is the kinetic energy of the object when it is at its maximum height?
Kinetic energy = J [1]
(iii) The object loses 24 J of energy during its upwards journey.

Calculate the maximum height reached by the object.
Maximum height = m [4]
13567
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*16GDW3213*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2021–2022

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
WEDNESDAY 24 NOVEMBER, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

13288
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*16GDW3201*
1 Below is the distance-time graph for a cycle journey.
20
D
15
Distance/m
10
B C
A
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Time/s
(a) Describe the motion of the cyclist during AB.
Choose your answer from the following by placing a tick (3) in the correct box.
Travelling at constant speed
At rest
Travelling with a constant rate of change of speed
Without doing a calculation, how can you tell that the cyclist is travelling slower
in CD than in AB?
[2]
13288
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*16GDW3202*
(b) (i) State the distance travelled in the first 4 seconds.
Distance = m [1]
(ii) Use the graph to calculate the average speed of the cyclist over the first 5
seconds of the journey.
[Turn over
13288
*16GDW3203*
*16GDW3203*
2 This question is about renewable and non-renewable energy resources.

State what is meant by renewable energy resource and give an example.
Renewable energy
Example
Give two examples of non-renewable energy resources.
To which group, renewable or non-renewable, do fossil fuels belong?
Give an environmental disadvantage of using non-renewable energy resources.
[6]
13288
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*16GDW3204*
3 A gardener pushes a lawnmower over his lawn.
Source: © Getty Images
He exerts an average force of 24 N.
By the time he has finished mowing he has done 2160 J of work.
(a) (i) How far has the gardener pushed the mower in doing this work?
Distance = m [3]
(ii) Express your answer to (a) (i) in km.
Distance = km [1]
13288
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*16GDW3206*
(b) On another occasion the gardener does 72 000 J of work in 15 minutes.
Calculate his power.
Power = W [4]
[Turn over
13288
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*16GDW3207*
4 A uniform piece of wood 100 cm long is held in a horizontal position by exerting an
upwards vertical force of 5 N as shown.
5N
Pivot 100 cm
X
F 10 cm
Source: Chief Examiner
(i) Another vertical downwards force, F, acts at the midpoint, X, of the piece of
wood.
What is the name of the force F?
What name is given to the point X?
[2]
13288
*16GDW3208*
*16GDW3208*
(ii) Record the following distances:
Pivot to the point X =
Pivot to the 5 N force =
Use the Principle of Moments and the values recorded above to calculate the
force F acting at X.
Force F = N [6]
[Turn over
13288
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*16GDW3209*
7
The nucleus of an atom of lithium can be described using the notation 3 Li
(a) (i) Complete the table below to show how many of each particle there are in a
nucleus of an atom of lithium.
Particle Number of particles
Proton
Neutron
Electron
[3]
(ii) Explain in terms of particles what isotopes are.
[2]
(b) Radioactive nuclei decay to become more stable.
Complete the following decay equation.
219
Rn Po + He
84
[4]
13288
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*16GDW3210*
6 (a) State what is meant by the half-life of a radioactive substance.
[2]
(b) Sodium-24 is used in medicine to study blood circulation.
A 40 g sample of sodium-24 decays to 5 g in a period of 44.7 hours.
Calculate the half-life of sodium-24.
Half-life = hours [3]
(c) Name one danger of working with radioactive sources.
Radioactive sources may be stored in a lead lined container.

State three other precautions that may be taken to protect a worker when using
them.
1.
2.
3. [4]
[Turn over
13288
*16GDW3211*
*16GDW3211*
7 The velocity-time graph for part of a bike journey is shown below.
15
10
Velocity/
m/s
0
0 5 10 15 20
Time/s
(i) Describe the motion of the bike between 10 and 16 seconds.
[1]
(ii) Describe the motion of the bike between 16 and 20 seconds.
[1]
(iii) Calculate the acceleration of the bike during the first 10 seconds.
13288
*16GDW3212*
*16GDW3212*
(iv) What is the displacement of the bike after the first 10 seconds?
[Turn over
13288
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*16GDW3213*
8 A man standing on both feet exerts an overall downward pressure of 6 N/cm2.
The area of each foot is 75 cm2.
(i) Calculate the mass of the man.
Mass of man = kg [5]
(ii) The man now stands on one foot. Will this cause the pressure exerted on the
floor to increase, decrease or stay the same? Explain your choice.
[2]
13288
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*16GDW3214*
9 A boulder rolls down a slope that leads to the top of a cliff.
It then falls vertically from the top of the cliff to the ground below.
cliff edge
slope
boulder
h
cliff
At the cliff edge the boulder has a total energy of 82 620 J.

The kinetic energy at this point is 11 220 J.
The mass of the boulder is 510 kg.
(i) Calculate the height, h, of the cliff.
Height, h = m [4]
(ii) Assuming there are no energy losses, calculate the speed at which the boulder
hits the ground.
Speed = m/s [4]
13288
*16GDW3215*
*16GDW3215*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
Assessment
Assessment Level of Control:
TIME Tick the relevant box (3)
1 hour. Controlled Conditions

Other
page.

12795
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*20GDW3201*
1 (a) Name the three particles which make up an atom.
For each particle state its relative charge.

Particle 1
Particle 2
Particle 3
[6]
12795
*20GDW3202*
*20GDW3202*
(b) The nucleus of an element X may be written as shown below.
A
X
Z
Complete the statements below.
A is the number.
Z is the number.
Consider an isotope of X.
Which of the three, A, X or Z, will have changed?
Answer = [3]
[Turn over
12795
*20GDW3203*
*20GDW3203*
2 Fission and fusion are nuclear reactions which produce energy.
The diagram represents one type of nuclear reaction where B is the nuclear fuel.
B D
A
(a) What nuclear process is represented above?
Process [1]

(b) Name the particle A.
Particle A [1]
(c) What happens to particle A when it strikes B?
[1]

(d) Name a fuel represented by B.
Fuel B [1]
(e) The particles labelled D in the diagram play an important role in the nuclear
reaction. What is this role?
[1]
12795
*20GDW3204*
*20GDW3204*
3 A concrete block is pulled up a ramp onto a trailer.
trailer
2.0 m
400 N
concrete 0.8 m
block
ramp
(a) Use the information shown in the diagram to calculate the work done by the
400 N force.
Work done = J [4]
12795
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*20GDW3206*
(b) On another occasion 600 J of useful work is done on a different block of
concrete.
The efficiency of the process is 0.8.
Calculate the total input energy needed to do this work.
Total input energy = J [3]
[Turn over
12795
*20GDW3207*
*20GDW3207*
4 The speed-time graph for part of a bike journey is shown below.
15
10
Speed/
m/s
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time/s
(i) Describe the motion of the bike during the time interval 10 s to 18 s.
Between which times is the bike stopped?
to s [2]
12795
*20GDW3208*
*20GDW3208*
(ii) Calculate the bike’s rate of change of speed between 21 and 28 seconds.
Rate of change of speed = m/s2 [3]
(iii) How far does the bike travel between 10 and 18 seconds?
Distance travelled = m [3]
[Turn over
12795
*20GDW3209*
*20GDW3209*
5 A tank has the dimensions shown below.
0.5 m
0.4 m
0.6 m
(i) When the tank is filled with liquid, the pressure exerted by the liquid on the
bottom of the tank is 5000 Pa.
Use the information above to calculate the mass of the liquid in the tank.
Mass of liquid = kg [5]
12795
*20GDW3210*
*20GDW3210*
(ii) The tank is placed on a stand with 4 narrow legs.
Has the pressure on the ground now increased, decreased or remained the
same?
Place a tick (3) in the correct box.
Increased Decreased Remained the same
Explain your choice.
[2]
[Turn over
12795
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*20GDW3211*
6 (a) State, using symbols, the equation for Newton’s second law.
State what each symbol represents.
[5]
(b) An ice hockey player hits a puck along the ice with a force of 9.0 N which causes
it to move.
puck ice
9.0 N
(i) In the dotted box draw an arrow to show the direction of the force of
friction on the moving puck. [1]
12795
*20GDW3212*
*20GDW3212*
(ii) The puck has a mass of 190 g. The player hits the puck with a force of 9.0 N
and the size of the friction force is 0.5 N.
Calculate the acceleration of the puck.

Give your answer to the nearest whole number.
[Turn over
12795
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*20GDW3213*
7 A man carries a box up some stairs.
2m
3m
(a) The mass of the man is 70 kg. When he reaches the top of the stairs the
combined gravitational potential energy of the man and box is 1520 J.
Calculate the mass of the box.
Mass of box = kg [4]
12795
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*20GDW3214*
(b) On another occasion a box of mass 8 kg has a gravitational potential energy
of 400 J at the top of a flight of steps. The box is dropped from rest and falls
vertically.
Calculate the speed of the box when it hits the ground.
Speed = m/s [5]
[Turn over
12795
*20GDW3215*
*20GDW3215*
(i) Why are some nuclei radioactive?
[1]
(ii) There are three types of radiation emitted by radioactive sources.

They are described in the table below.
In the second column write the name of the radiation described.
Description Type of radiation
Electromagnetic wave of high energy
Fast electrons
Particles consisting of two protons

and two neutrons
[3]
(iii) What type of radiation is used in each of the following applications?
Detecting leaks in water pipes deep underground.
Smoke alarms.

Sterilising medical equipment.

[3]
12795
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*20GDW3216*
9 A metre stick is kept in a horizontal position by a force of 20 N acting at one end and
a stretched spring acting at the other end. The pivot acts at the midpoint of the metre
stick.
50 cm y
pivot
spring
20 N
The spring has a spring constant of 6.25 N/cm and has been extended by 4 cm.
By first finding the downward force F in the spring, calculate the distance y.
Force F in the spring = N
Distance y = cm [8]
12795
*20GDW3218*
*20GDW3218*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2020–2021

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
FRIDAY 13 NOVEMBER 2020, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

13248
*16GDW3201*
*16GDW3201*
1 You are asked to give an account of nuclear fusion.

In your answer you should include:
a naturally occurring body which uses fusion as its source of energy;
the names of the two isotopes of hydrogen that could be used for nuclear fusion on
earth;
where these isotopes are widely available;
an environmental advantage of producing energy from nuclear fusion rather than

fossil fuels;
the major by-product of nuclear fusion.
[6]
13248
*16GDW3202*
*16GDW3202*
(a) Complete the table below to show the location of each particle in an atom.
Particle Location
proton
neutron
electron
[3]
(b) The cobalt atom is represented below.
60
Co
27
Complete the table below to show the number of each particle in the cobalt
atom.
Particle Number
proton
neutron
electron
[3]
(c) Define an isotope in terms of particles.
[2]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3203*
*16GDW3203*
3 A man lifts a suitcase of mass 12 kg onto a shelf.
(i) The suitcase gains 264 J of gravitational potential energy when it is lifted onto
the shelf.
Calculate the height of the shelf.
Source: ©CCEA
Height of the shelf = m [3]
13248
*16GDW3204*
*16GDW3204*
(ii) The shelf breaks and the suitcase falls vertically to the ground.
The suitcase has a potential energy of 264 J on the shelf.
Calculate the velocity of the suitcase as it hits the ground.
Velocity = m/s [4]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3205*
*16GDW3205*
4 A weightlifter lifts some weights.
Source: ©Gettyimages
(a) The weightlifter lifts the weights through a vertical height of 210 cm and in doing
so does 630 J of work.
Calculate the force used to lift the weights.
Force = N [4]
13248
*16GDW3206*
*16GDW3206*
(b) On another occasion, the weightlifter does 720 J of work to lift weights.
She takes 0.5 seconds.
Calculate the average power produced as she lifts the weights.
Average power = W [3]
(c) Another weightlifter develops 2300 W of power lifting some weights.

How much energy does the weightlifter transfer in one second?
Energy transferred in one second = J [1]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3207*
*16GDW3207*
5 The velocity–time graph for an athlete’s sprint is shown.
4
Velocity/
m/s
0
0 4 8 12 16 20
Time/s
Source: ©CCEA
(a) (i) Calculate the distance travelled in the final 10 seconds of his sprint.
Distance travelled = m [4]
13248
*16GDW3208*
*16GDW3208*
(ii) Find the average velocity of the athlete during the final 10 seconds of his
sprint.
(b) Calculate the maximum acceleration of the athlete.
Maximum acceleration = m/s2 [3]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3209*
*16GDW3209*
6 The graph below shows how the extension of a spring depends on the force applied
to it.
12
10
8
Force/N
0
0 2 4 6 8
extension/mm
Source: ©CCEA
(a) Use the graph to calculate the spring constant.
Spring constant = N/mm [3]
13248
*16GDW3210*
*16GDW3210*
(b) A steel beam of weight 1200 N is suspended from the ceiling by two identical
springs.
The springs, which each have a spring constant of 80 N/cm, share the load
equally.
Their extended length is 35 cm.
35 cm
steel beam, weight = 1200 N

Source: ©CCEA
Each spring has the same unstretched length.

Calculate the original unstretched length of one of the springs.
Give your answer to the nearest cm.
Original length = cm [6]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3211*
*16GDW3211*
7(a) A radioactive thorium (Th) nucleus emits a particle to become a radium (Ra)
nucleus.
An incomplete equation for this decay is given below.
228
Th Ra +
90 2
Insert the symbol for the particle in the large box on the right. Then complete the
remaining empty boxes. [4]
(b) Radiation from radioactive sources can be harmful to the human body.
State the damage that could be caused by gamma radiation.
Alpha radiation is not as dangerous as the others if the source is touched by the
human body.
Explain why this is so.
Give a situation where alpha radiation would be very dangerous.
When not in use radioactive sources are contained in a lead box.

Give two other methods of protecting the user when handling radioactive
sources.
[5]
13248
*16GDW3212*
*16GDW3212*
8 Two people ride on a tandem.
The total area of the tyres in contact with the ground is 24 cm2.
The combined weight of one of the cyclists and the bike is 800 N and the total
pressure exerted on the ground is 60 N/cm2.
Calculate the weight of the other cyclist.
Weight of other cyclist = N [4]
[Turn over
13248
*16GDW3213*
*16GDW3213*
9 A helicopter has a mass of 2000 kg and lifts off vertically.
upwards force = 25 000 N
weight
(a) (i) The upwards force exerted by the helicopter blades is 25 000 N.
By first finding the weight of the helicopter, calculate its upwards
acceleration.
Weight = N

13248
*16GDW3214*
*16GDW3214*
(ii) The helicopter lifts off from rest.
Calculate its velocity 4 seconds later.
Velocity = m/s [3]
(b) Another helicopter rises from rest with constant acceleration.

Sketch the velocity–time graph on the axes below.
Velocity
0
0
Time
[1]

13248
*16GDW3215*
*16GDW3215*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019–2020

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
TIME
1 hour.
page.

12903
*16GDW3201*
*16GDW3201*
(i) Why are some nuclei radioactive?
[1]
(ii) Three types of radiation are emitted by radioactive sources.
Use lines to match each of the statements to the correct type of radiation.
Radiation Statement
alpha electromagnetic wave of high energy
beta fast electron
gamma consists of two protons and two neutrons

[3]
12903
*16GDW3202*
*16GDW3202*
(iii) The diagram below shows different types of radiation emitted by three
radioactive sources. In each case the radiation passes through, or is absorbed
by, different materials.
Radioactive
B
sources
Thin sheet Thin sheet Sheet of

of paper of aluminium lead
State the type of radiation, (alpha, beta or gamma) being emitted by the source
in each case.
Source A:
Source B:
Source C: [3]
[Turn over
12903
*16GDW3203*
*16GDW3203*
2 A stone has a density of 8 g/cm3 and a mass of 640 g.
graduated cylinder
220 cm3
stone
It is placed in a large measuring cylinder which contains 220 cm3 of water.
Calculate the final reading of the measuring cylinder.
Final reading = cm3 [4]
12903
*16GDW3204*
*16GDW3204*
3 In this question you are asked to state the Principle of Conservation of Energy and
then describe two energy changes which occur when an archer shoots an arrow
horizontally into a target.
© Getty Images
In this question you will be assessed on the quality of your written

communication skills including the use of specialist scientific terms.
The Principle of Conservation of Energy.
The energy stored in the bow after the arrow is pulled back.
The energy gained by the arrow as it leaves the bow.
The energy change which takes place when the arrow strikes the target.
[6]
[Turn over
12903
*16GDW3205*
*16GDW3205*
4 A drawing pin is pushed into a notice board.
notice board
area of drawing
pin tip = 0.01 cm2 area of drawing
pin head = 0.8 cm2
© Getty Images
(a) Calculate the pressure the drawing pin exerts on the notice board when it is
pushed with a force of 2 N.
Do not change any of the units given in the question when doing your
calculation.
Pressure = [4]
Unit = [1]
(b) Explain fully, in terms of pressure, why the design of the drawing pin tip makes it
easy to push it into the notice board.
[2]
12903
*16GDW3206*
*16GDW3206*
5 The graph below shows the motion of a bus.
A B
20
Velocity/ 15
m/s
10
O C
0
0 50 100 150 200
Time/s
(a) Describe the motion of the bus in the intervals OA, AB and BC.
Calculations are not required.
OA
AB
BC
[4]
12903
*16GDW3208*
*16GDW3208*
(b) Calculate the total displacement of the bus during the first 125 seconds.
(c) During which time interval of the journey are the horizontal forces on the bus
balanced?
From s to s [1]
[Turn over
12903
*16GDW3209*
*16GDW3209*
6 (a) An isotope of carbon, C, emits a beta particle to become nitrogen, N.
Complete the equation below for this decay.
Begin by inserting the correct symbol for a beta particle in the large box on the
right.
14
C N +
6
[5]
(b) An isotope has 18 000 radioactive nuclei. After 12 days 16 875 of the nuclei have
decayed.
Calculate the half-life of the isotope.
Half-life = days [4]
12903
*16GDW3210*
*16GDW3210*
7 (a) State Hooke’s Law.
[2]
(b) An elastic strap, which obeys Hooke’s law, is used to keep two pieces of wood
together.
280 mm
elastic strap 220 mm
nail
wood
The original length of the strap is 220 mm and a force of 3 N has to be applied to
hook the strap over the nail.
Calculate the spring constant of the elastic strap.

Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
Remember to include the unit.
Do not change any of the units given in the question.
Spring constant =
Unit = [4]
[Turn over
12903
*16GDW3211*
*16GDW3211*
8 (a) Complete the sentence below.
When an object falls in the absence of friction it does so with an acceleration
of m/s2 and this acceleration is known as the acceleration of
and has
the symbol . [3]
(b) On another occasion a ball falls through the air.
A 8 m/s
B 20 m/s
At position A its velocity is 8 m/s and 1.5 seconds later its velocity at B is 20 m/s.
Calculate the displacement d.
Displacement d = m [6]
12903
*16GDW3212*
*16GDW3212*
9 (a) The graph shows how the acceleration of a car depends on the resultant
accelerating force.
5000
4000
Resultant force/N
3000
2000
1000
0
0 1 2 3
Acceleration/
m/s2
Calculate the weight of the car.
Weight = N [4]
12903
*16GDW3214*
*16GDW3214*
A different car of mass 1600 kg is uniformly accelerated from rest until its velocity
(b)
is 30 m/s. The resultant accelerating force is 2000 N.
By first finding the kinetic energy of the car, calculate the distance for which
the car was accelerated. Assume no energy losses.
Kinetic energy = J
Distance = m [6]
(c) Some quantities in physics are vectors and some are scalars.
Indicate with a tick (3) in the table below whether the quantity is a scalar or
vector.
Quantity Scalar Vector
Acceleration
Mass
Weight
[3]
12903
*16GDW3215*
*16GDW3215*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019–2020

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
TIME
1 hour.
page.

12616.05R
*16GDW3201*
*16GDW3201*
1 (a) A hydraulic press is used to crush various items in a recycling plant.
A force of 3000 N causes the hydraulic press to exert a pressure of 2000 Pa.
Calculate the area of the press and include the unit.
Area = [4]
12616.05R
*16GDW3202*
*16GDW3202*
(b) Farm vehicles are designed so that they do not sink into soft ground.
Which of the following design features would help to ensure this?
Tick (3) the correct boxes.
Keep the weight small
Keep the weight large
Keep the area of tyres small
Keep the area of tyres large
Keep the centre of gravity low
Keep the centre of gravity high

[2]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3203*
*16GDW3203*
2 (a) You are asked to write an account of radioactivity.
Give the names of the three types of radiation which may be emitted and in each
case describe what the radiation consists of.

Radiation 1
Consists of
Radiation 2
Consists of
Radiation 3
Consists of
[6]
12616.05R
*16GDW3204*
*16GDW3204*
(b) The half-life of a particular radioisotope is 2 days.
The original sample contains 120 g of the radioisotope.
What fraction of the radioisotope will remain after 6 days?
Fraction = [3]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3205*
*16GDW3205*
3 (a) The mass of a piece of jewellery is 420 g and its density is 10.5 g/cm3.
The jewellery is totally immersed in a measuring cylinder containing 45 cm3 of
water.
Calculate the new reading on the measuring cylinder.
New reading = cm3 [4]
(b) Water, oxygen and gold have different densities. Write the materials in the boxes
below in order of increasing density.
Increasing density
[1]
12616.05R
*16GDW3206*
*16GDW3206*
4 (i) A workman of weight 600 N carries a bag of stones of weight 22 N to the top of a
staircase of height 350 cm.
Calculate the work done on the stones.
Work done on stones = J [4]
(ii) On another occasion 480 J of work was done on a different bag of stones.
It took one minute to do this work.
Calculate the power produced in lifting the stones.
Power = W [4]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3207*
*16GDW3207*
5 The velocity-time graph for an object is shown below.
30
20
Velocity/
m/s
10
0
0 2 4 6 8
Time/s
(a) For how long is the object travelling at a constant velocity?
Time = s [1]
(b) Calculate the average velocity of the object during the first 2 seconds.
12616.05R
*16GDW3208*
*16GDW3208*
(c) (i) Calculate the acceleration of the object during the final 2 seconds of its
journey.
(ii) What single word can be used to describe negative acceleration?
[1]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3209*
*16GDW3209*
6 Different forces are applied to a spring and its length recorded, as shown below.
3.2 cm
7.2 cm
0.5 N
2.5 N
(a) (i) Use the information given to calculate the spring constant.
Spring constant = N/cm [4]
12616.05R
*16GDW3210*
*16GDW3210*
(ii) Calculate the original length of this spring.
Original length = cm [2]
(b) Graphs of force against extension for two different springs are shown below.
B
Force
Extension
Which spring has the greater spring constant? Circle your choice.
A B
Give a reason for your choice.
[1]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3211*
*16GDW3211*
7 (a) The following five phrases refer to nuclear reactions.
neutrons produced
new nuclei produced
light nuclei combine
neutron absorbed
large nuclei combine
Select the three phrases which apply to nuclear fission.

Write them in the boxes below in the order in which they occur.
[4]
Fission and fusion are both sources of energy.
(b) Complete the sentences below.
Fusion releases times more energy per kg than
a chemical reaction such as burning coal.
Fusion releases times more energy per kg
than nuclear fission reactions. [2]
12616.05R
*16GDW3212*
*16GDW3212*
(c) When doing experiments with radioactive sources, scientists often have to take
background activity into account.
(i) What do you understand by background activity?
[1]
(ii) Rocks and soil are a natural source of background activity because they
contain a certain radioactive gas.
Name the gas.
[1]
(iii) Give the other major source of natural background activity.
[1]
(iv) Give one example of human behaviour that can add to background activity.
[1]
[Turn over
12616.05R
*16GDW3213*
*16GDW3213*
8 (a) (i) What property does a vector quantity have that a scalar quantity does not?
[1]
(ii) Newton’s 2nd law relates three physical quantities.

State one quantity which is a vector and one which is a scalar.
Vector quantity
Scalar quantity [2]
(b) The forces acting on a car travelling in a straight line are shown below.
800 N Engine force
The total frictional forces are 800 N and the combined mass of the car and its
driver is 1400 kg.
Calculate the size of the engine force needed to cause an acceleration of 3 m/s2.
Engine force = N [4]

12616.05R
*16GDW3214*
*16GDW3214*
9 (a) State, in words, the Principle of Moments and include a unit in which a moment
is measured.
Unit = [4]
(b) A uniform beam has a weight of 150 N.

Its centre of gravity is labelled X.
When a 200 N weight is hung on the beam 25 cm from the pivot, it does not
balance.
The 200 N weight is moved until the beam is balanced as shown below.
160 cm
X 60 cm
200 N
By first finding the distance y, calculate how far the 200 N weight was moved to
balance the beam.
In what direction was the 200 N weight moved?
Distance moved = cm
Direction [5]
12616.05R
*16GDW3215*
*16GDW3215*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2019

Physics
Unit P2 *GDW62*
Higher Tier
[GDW62] *GDW62*
FRIDAY 14 JUNE, MORNING
TIME
1 hour 15 minutes.
page.

12300
*20GDW6201*
*20GDW6201*
1 (a) (i) What is an electric current?
[1]
In the circuit below there are five components.
(ii) Label the components X, Y and Z.
X =
Y =
Z = [3]
12300
*20GDW6202*
*20GDW6202*
(b) Kate spends 30 minutes cutting the grass in her garden with an electric
lawnmower which uses a current of 5 A. Calculate the total charge which flows
during this time.
Charge = [5]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6203*
*20GDW6203*
2 (a) When a current travels through a wire, electrical energy is changed into
other forms.
Give the main energy form that is produced and describe how it is produced.
Energy form
How it is produced
[3]
(b) (i) A 345 W food mixer is connected to a 230 V mains supply.
Calculate the current flowing through it.
Current = A [3]
(ii) Choose a suitable fuse for the food mixer from the following:
1 A 3 A 5 A
Circle the correct answer. [1]
12300
*20GDW6204*
*20GDW6204*
(c) Bread is placed in a 1.2 kW toaster for 90 seconds. How much energy does the
toaster use?
Energy = J [4]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6205*
*20GDW6205*
3 The Solar System consists of many objects including planets. Some of these objects
orbit the Sun.
Describe the main features of the Solar System.
In this question you will be assessed on the quality of your written

communication skills including the use of specialist scientific terms.
Your answer should include:
the list of planets in order from the Sun;
the name of one rocky planet;
the name of one gas planet;
the name of a body which orbits a planet other than an artificial satellite;
the name of the force which provides orbital motion in the Solar System.
[6]
12300
*20GDW6206*
*20GDW6206*
4 An electromagnet can be made using a coil of wire and a power supply.
Electromagnet
(a) (i) Describe three ways to increase the strength of the electromagnet.
[3]
The direction of current in the coil is reversed.
(ii) Tick (✓) the correct box below to describe what happens.
The north and south poles are reversed.
The magnetic field becomes stronger.
The magnetic field becomes weaker. [1]
12300
*20GDW6208*
*20GDW6208*
(b) The diagram shows a current-carrying coil wrapped around a cardboard tube.
One magnetic field line is shown.
Complete the diagram:
• Show the north and south poles in the boxes provided;

• Indicate with arrows the direction of the magnetic field line at A and B.
magnetic field line

A
cardboard tube
[3]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6209*
*20GDW6209*
5 The circuit below shows a battery connected to two equal resistors.
Three ammeters and three voltmeters have been included in the circuit.
V1
V2 A1
A2
A3
V3
Some readings have been recorded below.
(a) Use your knowledge of current and voltages in circuits to complete the missing
ammeter and voltmeter readings.
Ammeter 1 = A Voltmeter 1 = V
Ammeter 2 = 1.0 A Voltmeter 2 = 12 V
Ammeter 3 = A Voltmeter 3 = V [4]
12300
*20GDW6210*
*20GDW6210*
(b) A pupil has been given three resistors.
3Ω 3Ω
6Ω

Using some or all of the resistors above, draw arrangements to provide the
total resistance for each box.
Do not include any components other than the resistors and

connecting wires.
Total resistance = 9Ω Total resistance = 1.5 Ω
Total resistance = 2Ω Total resistance = 5Ω
[4]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6211*
*20GDW6211*
6 A water wave is shown.
10 cm
90 cm
Use the diagram to find:
(a) (i) the wavelength of the wave; cm [1]
(ii) the amplitude of the wave. cm [1]
(b) Microwaves are used in microwave ovens.
(i) If the velocity of the wave is 3 × 108 m/s and its frequency is
1 × 1010 Hz, calculate the wavelength of the microwave.
Wavelength = m [3]
(ii) State the wavelength in (b)(i) in cm.
Wavelength in cm = cm [1]
12300
*20GDW6212*
*20GDW6212*
A boat uses sonar to detect a whale.
It takes 0.5 seconds for the signal to travel from the boat to the whale and back
again.
(c) If sound travels at 1500 m/s in seawater, find how far the whale is beneath the
boat.
Depth = m [4]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6213*
*20GDW6213*
7 (a)
Prism
Red
A
Screen
Violet
White light
The diagram shows what happens when white light enters a glass prism.
(i) What name is given to the process which causes white light at A to separate
into a spectrum of different colours?
[1]
(ii) Explain why the colours separate when the light enters the glass prism.
[1]
(iii) Why is the red light refracted less than the violet light?
[1]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6215*
*20GDW6215*
(b) (i) An object O is placed inside the focal point, F, of a converging lens.
Complete the diagram below to show how the image of O is formed.
Each square measures 1 cm × 1 cm.
Include the following:
• two rays from the top of the object;

• arrows to show the direction of the rays;
• the image produced.
F F

[5]
(ii) Use your diagram to find the height of the image.
Height = cm [1]
12300
*20GDW6216*
*20GDW6216*
(iii) The image produced can be described using one of the words below. Place
a tick (✓) in the correct box.
Real
Inverted
Virtual
Diminished [1]
(iv) Which use of a converging lens is illustrated in your ray diagram?

Place a tick (✓) in the correct box.
Magnifying glass
Projector
Camera [1]
[Turn over
12300
*20GDW6217*
*20GDW6217*
8 (a) Our Sun is currently in the main sequence period of its life cycle.
Name the other stages of its life cycle by completing the diagram below.
main
sequence
[4]
(b) (i) The Sun is our nearest star.
Name the two main elements in our Sun.
and [2]
(ii) Explain why the Sun is stable during its main sequence period.
Remember to include the direction of any forces you mention in

your answer.
[5]
12300
*20GDW6218*
*20GDW6218*
9 (i) Massive stars have a different life cycle after the main sequence period.
Complete the sentence below to describe how a massive star can become
a supernova.
A massive star becomes a red followed by an
where the outer layers of the star are
. [3]
(ii) When a star becomes a supernova it shines very brightly. How many times
greater than our Sun is this brightness?
[1]
(iii) After a supernova, a massive star may collapse. This causes the massive
star to turn into something different. List two things the massive star could
turn into.
1.
2. [2]
(iv) What force prevents light escaping from the final stage of the life cycle of a
very massive star?
[1]
12300
*20GDW6219*
*20GDW6219*
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2018–2019
Double Award Science

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
FRIDAY 1 MARCH 2019, MORNING
TIME
1 hour.
page.

12279
*20GDW3201*
*20GDW3201*
1 (a) What does a resultant force always cause?
[1]
(b) (i) The forces acting on a car travelling in a straight line are shown below.
600 N 3000 N
© EgudinKa / iStock / Thinkstock
The combined mass of the car and its driver is 1200 kg.
Calculate the car’s acceleration.
(ii) Later in the car’s journey, the forces acting on it are balanced.
What is the car’s acceleration at this point?
12279
*20GDW3202*
*20GDW3202*
(a) Complete the table below to show the relative charge of the particles in an atom.
Particle Relative charge
Proton
Neutron
Electron
[3]
(b) The nucleus of an atom can be described using the notation
Z
X
Which letter, A, X or Z, represents a value that is different for a pair of isotopes?
[1]
(c) The nucleus of an atom of lead can be described using the notation
207
82
Pb
Complete the table below to show how many of each particle there is in the
nucleus of an atom of lead.
Particle Number of particles in the nucleus
Proton
Neutron
Electron
[3]
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3203*
*20GDW3203*
3 Write an account of background radioactivity and the precautions taken when
working with radioactive sources.

Your account should include:
What background radioactivity is.
Two major sources of background radioactivity.
How background radioactivity is taken into account.
Two precautions.
[6]
12279
*20GDW3204*
*20GDW3204*
4 A sofa of weight 720 N exerts a pressure on the floor.
© Jaswinder Singh / iStock / Thinkstock
(i) Calculate the mass of the sofa.
Mass = kg [2]
12279
*20GDW3206*
*20GDW3206*
(ii) Each of the sofa’s 4 legs has an area of 6 cm2.
Calculate the total pressure the sofa exerts on the floor.
Pressure = [5]
(iii) The legs of the sofa are placed in leg holders that are designed to prevent the
floor being damaged.
leg of sofa
leg holder
floor
Explain how the leg holders help to reduce any damage to the floor.
[2]
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3207*
*20GDW3207*
5 A uniform metre rule is balanced at its midpoint when two forces act as shown.
100 cm
10 cm d
0.5 N 0.8 N
Calculate the distance ‘d’.

d= cm [4]
12279
*20GDW3208*
*20GDW3208*
6 (a) A spring obeys Hooke’s Law. In the space below write the equation for Hooke’s
Law and define each term in the equation.
[4]
12279
*20GDW3210*
*20GDW3210*
A bungee jumper jumps from a platform. The spring-like rope attached to the jumper
obeys Hooke’s Law.
rope
© Dorling Kindersley / Thinkstock
(b) The weight of the bungee jumper is 600 N and the unstretched length of the rope
is 27 m. When the rope is fully stretched at the bottom of the jump it is 32 m long.
Find the spring constant of the rope and give its unit.
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3211*
*20GDW3211*
7 (a) Explain the meaning of the term half-life.

[2]
The graph below shows how the activity of a radioactive substance varies with time.
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time/days
(b) (i) Use the graph to find the half-life of the substance.
You are advised to show how you have used the graph.
Half-life = days [2]

12279
*20GDW3212*
*20GDW3212*
(ii) For a particular purpose the activity of the substance must be 10 counts per
minute.
Use the graph to find how many half-lives must occur before the substance
may be used.
Number of half-lives = [2]
(c) A radioactive nucleus, X, decays to a different nucleus, Y, by alpha emission.

Complete the equation below for this decay.
Begin by inserting the correct symbol for an alpha particle in the large box on
the right.
235
X Y +
92
[5]
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3213*
*20GDW3213*
8 A conveyor belt lifts a boulder so that it can be dropped into a lorry.
boulder
5m
3m
4m
(a) The mass of the boulder is 250 kg. Calculate the useful work done on the
boulder as it is moved from one end of the conveyor belt to the other.
Useful work done = J [3]
12279
*20GDW3214*
*20GDW3214*
On another occasion the conveyor belt does 60 kJ of work in lifting a different
boulder. The power output of the conveyor belt is 5000 W.
(b) How long did it take to raise this boulder?
Time = s [4]
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3215*
*20GDW3215*
9 (a) State, in words, how you would calculate speed and acceleration.
In each case indicate whether the quantity is a scalar or a vector quantity.
Speed

Acceleration
[4]
Below is a velocity-time graph for a very short train journey from one part of a railway
station to another.
10
6
Velocity/
m/s
0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time/s
(b) The train is at rest once during this 10 second interval.

State this time below.
t= s [1]
12279
*20GDW3216*
*20GDW3216*
(c) (i) Calculate the train’s acceleration during the first 4 seconds of its journey.
(ii) Calculate the displacement of the train during the last 6 seconds.
[Turn over
12279
*20GDW3217*
*20GDW3217*
n
tio
ifi w
ec e
ca
Sp N
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2018–2019

Physics
*GDW32*
GDW32
Unit P1
Higher Tier
[GDW32]
TIME
1 hour.
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces
provided at the top of this page.
For Examiner’s
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. use only
Question
Marks
Number
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1
The total mark for this paper is 70. 2
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages
3
indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question.
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 2(a). 4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
Marks
12162
1 The incomplete table below shows some of the results in a spring Examiner Only
investigation. Marks Remark
(a) Complete the table by entering the missing values.
Force/N 10.5 21.0 31.5 52.5
Extension/cm 2 6 8 10
[2]
(b) (i) In the space below write the equation which relates the force, F,
and the extension, e, of a spring.
[1]
The spring in a toy extends by 10 cm when a force of 5 N is applied.
(ii) Calculate the value of the spring constant.

Spring constant 5 Unit [3]
12162 2
2 A piece of jewellery, of irregular shape, is made from a certain type of Examiner Only
metal. Marks Remark
(a) Describe an experiment you would carry out to find the density of the
metal.
In your description you should include the following:
• the measuring instruments you will use and the measurements

you will take;
• the equation for density;
• a precaution you will take to ensure accuracy; and
• what you will do to ensure reliability.
In this question you will be assessed on your written

communication skills including the use of specialist scientific
terms.
Measuring instruments and measurements:
The equation for density:
Precaution:
Reliability:
[6]
12162 4
(b) (i) Which of the three materials below will have the largest density? Examiner Only
Marks Remark
gold air water
[1]
(ii) Give a reason for your choice in terms of the distance between
the particles.
[1]
12162 5 [Turn over

3 (a) The table below contains some information about the three particles Examiner Only
which make up an atom. Marks Remark
Complete the table.
Particle Relative mass Location
Neutron
Nucleus
1
1840
[6]
(b) The thorium (Th) nucleus is represented below.
234
Th
90
State the number of positively charged particles in the nucleus.
State the number of negatively charged particles in the nucleus.
State the number of uncharged particles in the nucleus.
[3]
12162 6
4 (a) (i) Why do some nuclei disintegrate? Examiner Only
Marks Remark
[1]
(ii) When a radioactive nucleus disintegrates it can emit any one of

three types of radiation. List the three types below.
1.
2.
3. [3]
(iii) One type of radiation emitted from the nucleus is an

electromagnetic wave.
State which type.
[1]
One way of producing energy involves the splitting of a heavy nucleus.
(b) (i) What is the name of this process?
[1]
(ii) Before the heavy nucleus can split it must absorb a particle.
Name the particle.
[1]
(iii) Name a nuclear fuel used for this process.
[1]
(iv) Name the particle which sustains the chain reaction.
[1]
12162 7 [Turn over

5 Two objects, A and B are placed on a level surface as shown. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(i) Mark with an X the position of the centre of gravity of each

object. [1]
A third object, C, is now added.
(ii) State which object, A, B or C is the most stable and give two
reasons to explain why.
Object is the most stable because
1.
2. [3]
12162 8
6 The velocity-time graph for a test car is shown below. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
30
20
Velocity/
m/s
10
0
0 1 2 3 4
Time/s
(a) (i) Calculate the distance travelled by the car during the first 3
seconds.
Distance = m [4]
(ii) Calculate the maximum acceleration of the car.
12162 10
(b) The resultant force acting on a different car and its driver is 11 250 N, Examiner Only
and its acceleration is 15 m/s2. Marks Remark
If the driver has a mass of 60 kg, calculate the mass of the car.
Mass of car = kg [4]
12162 11 [Turn over

7 A man performs pull-ups on a bar. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
© Motortion / iStock / Thinkstock
During one pull-up, the man rises by 60 cm.

The man has a mass of 70 kg.
(a) Calculate the work done.
Work = J [4]
12162 12
On another occasion the man generates 140 W of power whilst doing Examiner Only
pull-ups for 1 minute. Marks Remark
(b) Calculate the total work done by the man during this time.
Work = J [4]
12162 13 [Turn over

8 A rope is used to raise a bucket of water. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
© Dorling Kindersley / Thinkstock
The mass of the bucket and water is 4 kg but before its journey upwards
some water spills out. The bucket and the remaining water are raised to a
height of 15 m and gain 570 J of potential energy.
(a) Calculate the mass of water that has spilt out of the bucket.
Give your answer to one decimal place.
Mass of water spilt = kg [4]
12162 14
An empty bucket of mass 4 kg is raised and gains 392 J of potential energy Examiner Only
and then stops. The string holding the bucket then snaps and the bucket Marks Remark
falls to the ground.
(b) By applying the Principle of Conservation of Energy, calculate the

velocity of the bucket as it hits the ground.
Velocity = m/s [4]
12162 15 [Turn over

9 (a) State, in words, the Principle of Moments. Examiner Only
Include the unit in which a moment is measured. Marks Remark
Unit 5 [4]
A 160 N weight is hung on a uniform rectangular beam so that it is

balanced as shown below.
1.2 m
0.4 m
pivot
160 N
Source: CCEA
The centre of gravity of the beam is labelled X.

The beam has a weight of 200 N.
(b) Calculate the distance from the pivot to the 160 N weight.
Distance = m [3]
12162 16
n
tio
ifi w
ec e
ca Centre Number
Sp N
Candidate Number

2017–2018
Double Award Science

Physics
Unit P1 *G5802*
*GDW32*
Higher Tier
[GDW32] *GDW32*
WEDNESDAY 23 MAY 2018, AFTERNOON
TIME
1 hour.
page.
Answer all ten questions.

11640
*20GDW3201*
*20GDW3201*
1 (a) The nucleus of an element, X, may be written as shown below.
A
X
Z
A and Z are numbers. What are the numbers called?
A is the number.
Z is the number. [2]
The following incomplete sentence describes radioactive decay. Complete the

sentence by filling in the blank spaces.
(b) A nucleus decays because it is and so emits
or particles
or radiation. [4]
A radioactive substance has 8400 undecayed particles and 90 minutes later 7350
particles have decayed.
(c) By first finding the number of undecayed particles after 90 minutes, calculate
the half-life of the substance.
Half-life = minutes [3]

11640
*20GDW3202*
*20GDW3202*
2 Describe the structure of the atom.
In your answer state:
• the names of the particles which make up the atom;

• where these particles are located.
In this question you will be assessed on your communication skills including

the use of specialist scientific terms.
[6]
[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3203*
*20GDW3203*
3 A gardener pushes a lawnmower with an average force of 9 N.
© KatarzynBialasiewicz / iStock / Thinkstock
By the time the lawn is mowed the gardener has walked a total distance of 600 m.
(a) Calculate the work done.
Work done = J [3]
11640
*20GDW3204*
*20GDW3204*
On another occasion he did 72 000 J of work and took 15 minutes to complete the
job.
(b) Calculate the power developed.
Power = W [4]
[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3205*
*20GDW3205*
4 A mountaineer wears snow shoes.
© wojciech_gajda / iStock / Thinkstock
The snow shoes prevent her from sinking into the snow.
(i) Explain fully, in terms of pressure, why this is so.
[2]
The mountaineer wears snow shoes of total area 0.5 m2 and exerts a pressure on
the snow of 1800 Pa.
(ii) Calculate the weight of the mountaineer.
Weight = N [3]
11640
*20GDW3206*
*20GDW3206*
5 A ball is rolled along a surface.
Direction of movement
(a) The ball travels along this surface before coming to rest. During this time the
ball slows down at a constant rate and has an average velocity of 0.14 m/s.
Calculate the initial velocity of the ball.
Initial velocity = m/s [3]
11640
*20GDW3208*
*20GDW3208*
(b) (i) The velocity-time graph for another ball is shown below.
0.4
0.3
Velocity/
m/s
0.2
0.1
0
0 1 2 3 4
Time/s
Calculate the acceleration of the ball.

(ii) How would you use this graph to find the displacement of the ball after four
seconds?
[1]
[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3209*
*20GDW3209*
6 A student is attempting to find the density of a gas in a balloon. Some of the
student’s data is shown in the table below.
Mass of empty balloon 12.0 g
Mass of balloon filled with gas 12.8 g
Volume of gas inside balloon 400 cm3
© Stockbyte / Thinkstock
(i) Use the data in the table to calculate the density of the gas inside the balloon.
Density of gas = [5]
11640
*20GDW3210*
*20GDW3210*
(ii) The student places the gas-filled balloon in a fridge to cool it down. As a result of
the cooling the density of the gas increases.
What effect does this have on the distances between the gas particles?
[1]
[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3211*
*20GDW3211*
7 Forces act on a car as shown below.
Frictional forces = 800 N Engine force = 2000 N
© EgudinKa / iStock / Thinkstock
(i) The car accelerates uniformly at 1.2 m/s2.

Calculate the mass of the car.
Mass = kg [4]
(ii) Describe and explain what would happen to the size of the acceleration if the
frictional forces acting on the car decrease.
Effect on acceleration:
Explanation:
[2]
(iii) The brakes are applied and the car begins to slow down. In which direction will
the resultant force now act?
[1]
11640
*20GDW3212*
*20GDW3212*
8 (a) State Hooke's Law.
[2]
A force is applied to a spring, as shown below.
Length with no Length with 0.5 N

applied force applied force
= 2.2 cm = 4.7 cm
0.5 N
© Aliaksei_7799 / iStock / Thinkstock
(b) Use the information given to calculate the spring constant k.

Spring constant, k = [5]

[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3213*
*20GDW3213*
(c) Graphs of force against extension for three different springs are shown below.
Force
C
0
0
Extension
Insert the letter of the line for the spring that is best described by each of the
following statements.
(i) Has the greatest spring constant [1]
(ii) Does not obey Hooke’s Law [1]
(iii) Has the smallest extension for the same

applied force [1]
11640
*20GDW3214*
*20GDW3214*
9 Nuclear fusion has the potential to solve the world’s energy needs.
(i) Write an account of nuclear fusion making reference to the following:
• an isotope of hydrogen which could be used;

• where we would find this isotope;
• the main by-product of the fusion reaction;
• the main environmental advantage of producing energy in this way.
[4]
(ii) How much more energy per kg does nuclear fusion release when compared to
the energy released by burning coal, oil or gas?
[1]
(iii) State one technical difficulty that must be overcome before nuclear fusion can
be used to produce energy on a commercial scale on Earth.
[1]
[Turn over
11640
*20GDW3215*
*20GDW3215*
10 A golfer strikes a golf ball as shown in the diagram below.
maximum
height, h
© Snap2Art_RF / iStock / Thinkstock
The golf ball has a mass of 0.045 kg and hits the ground with a velocity of 20 m/s.
At point X, the highest point in its motion, the kinetic energy of the golf ball is 5.5 J.
By first finding the kinetic energy of the ball when it hits the ground, use the Principle
of Conservation of Energy to calculate the maximum height, h, the ball reaches.
Assume there are no energy losses.
Maximum height = m [6]

11640
*20GDW3216*
*20GDW3216*
n
tio
ifi w
ec e
ca
Sp N
Centre Number
Candidate Number

2017–2018

Physics
*GDW32*
GDW32
Unit P1
Higher Tier
[GDW32]
TIME
1 hour.
Write your Centre Number and Candidate Number in the spaces
provided at the top of this page.
For Examiner’s
Write your answers in the spaces provided in this question paper. use only
Question
Marks
Number
INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES 1
The total mark for this paper is 70. 2
Figures in brackets printed down the right-hand side of pages
3
indicate the marks awarded to each question or part question.
Quality of written communication will be assessed in Question 3(a). 4
5
6
7
8
9
Total
Marks
11524
1 A monkey climbs a tree. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
© mariusz_prusaczyk / iStock / Thinkstock
(a) The monkey has a mass of 2.5 kg. Calculate the potential energy of
the monkey when it is at a height of 12 m.
Potential energy 5 J [3]
(b) Another monkey does 8000 J of work climbing a tree. Calculate the
power developed by the monkey if it takes 40 s to climb the tree.
Power 5 W [3]
11524 3 [Turn over
2 Matter is made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
(a) Complete the table below to show the location of each particle.
Particle Location
Proton
Neutron
Electron
[3]
Some nuclei are said to be radioactive and emit radiation.
(b) (i) Why are the nuclei radioactive?
[1]
Two types of radiation emitted are alpha and beta.
(ii) Name the particles that make up an alpha particle.
[1]
(iii) What is a beta particle?
[1]
11524 4
3 (a) This is a question about a Hooke’s Law investigation. Examiner Only
You are supplied with a spring and a number of masses in kg. Marks Remark
State:
• how you would calculate the applied force;

• what measuring instrument you would need to find the extension;
• the measurements you would take and how you would use them
to find the extension;
• the graph you would expect to see if you plotted applied force
against extension.
In this question you will be assessed on your written

communication skills including the use of specialist scientific
terms.
Calculate the applied force.
Measuring instrument to find extension.
Finding the extension.
The graph you would expect to see.
[6]
11524 6
A helical spring has an unextended length of 200 mm. A load of 3 N Examiner Only
produces an extension of 9 mm. Marks Remark
3N
© Thinkstock Images / Stockbyte / Thinkstock
(b) Calculate the total length of the spring when an additional 2 N is

added to the spring.
Total length of spring 5 mm [3]
11524 7 [Turn over

4 A uniform metre rule is held in a horizontal position by exerting a vertical Examiner Only
force of 0.5 N as shown. Marks Remark
0.5 N
Pivot 100 cm
X 10 cm
(i) A force X acts downwards at the mid-point of the ruler. Name this
force.
[1]
(ii) What name is given to the mid-point of the metre rule?
[1]
(iii) Use the Principle of Moments to calculate the force X.
Force X 5 N [4]
11524 8
5 A container has a weight of 2.0 N. Water is then added to the container. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
The container and water exert a pressure of 35 N/m2 on the table.

The base area of the container is 0.2 m2.
Calculate the weight of water which has been added.
Weight of water added 5 N [4]
11524 9 [Turn over

6 An airstream turns the blades of a windmill. The windmill then powers an Examiner Only
electrical generator. Marks Remark
Airstream
Connecting belt
Windmill Electrical generator

© valeo5 / iStock / Thinkstock
The graph shows how the power output, in milliwatts, of the generator
depends on the speed of the airstream which hits the windmill blades.
500
400
Power output/mW
300
200
100
0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Airstream speed in cm/s
(a) At what airstream speed do the blades of the windmill begin to turn?
Airstream speed 5 cm/s [1]
11524 10
(b) How many joules of electrical energy are produced in one minute by Examiner Only
the generator when the power output is a maximum? Marks Remark
Energy 5 J [3]
The generator has an efficiency of 0.25 and during a certain time interval it
produces 150 J of electrical energy.
(c) Calculate the amount of energy wasted by the generator during this
time interval.
Energy wasted 5 J [4]
11524 11 [Turn over

7 (a) Radioactive emissions can cause dangerous ionisations. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
Explain what is meant by ionisation.
State two different ways workers can protect themselves from danger
when using radioactive substances.
[4]
An isotope called technetium (Tc) is often used in medicine. It is made

when molybdenum (Mo) emits a beta particle.
(b) Write the symbol in the correct box below for the beta particle and
then complete the decay equation.
99
Mo Tc 
42
[5]
11524 12
The rate at which an isotope decays depends on its half-life. The half-life Examiner Only
of a radioactive substance is 10 minutes and one point of its decay curve Marks Remark
is shown on the grid below.
(c) On the grid, plot points to show the activity for the times:
0, 20 and 30 minutes.
800
700
600
500
400
300
200
100
0
0 10 20 30 40
Time/minutes
[3]
11524 13 [Turn over

8 The diagram below represents nuclear fission. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
The various particles involved are labelled A, B, C and D.
(a) (i) Which particle, A, B, C or D, represents the fuel?
Particle [1]
(ii) Name a suitable fuel.
[1]
(iii) Which particle, A, B, C or D, is responsible for sustaining the

chain reaction?
Particle [1]
(iv) Name the particle which initiates the fission reaction.
[1]
(b) A major benefit of using nuclear fission is that the process does not
involve emission of greenhouse gases. However, the emission of
greenhouse gases remains a criticism of the nuclear industry.
State one reason why.
[1]
11524 14
9 A sprinting athlete reaches a maximum velocity of 9 m/s. Examiner Only
The average velocity of the athlete is 6 m/s during this sprint. Marks Remark
© sportpoint / iStock / Thinkstock
(a) Calculate his initial velocity.
Initial velocity 5 m/s [3]
11524 15 [Turn over

Below are velocity-time graphs for three objects. Examiner Only
Marks Remark
A B
8 8
6 6
Velocity/
Velocity/
4 4
m/s
m/s
2 2
0 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5
Time/s Time/s
C
8
6
Velocity/
4
m/s
0
0 1 2 3 4 5
Time/s
Choose from letters A, B, or C to answer the following.
(b) (i) Which graph(s) shows constant (non-zero) acceleration?
Letter(s) [2]
(ii) Which graph(s) shows constant velocity?
Letter(s) [1]
(iii) In which graph(s) are the forces acting on the object balanced?
Letter(s) [1]
(iv) Assuming each object has the same mass, which graph shows
the object moving with greatest kinetic energy at 5 seconds?
Letter [1]
11524 16

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Centre Number

General Certificate of Secondary Education

Double Award Science:

WEDNESDAY 15 NOVEMBER 2023, MORNING

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

Describe the average distance between the particles in each state.

In this question you will be assessed on your written communication skills

State of matter with lowest density:

Average distance between the particles (smallest, intermediate or largest):

State of matter with intermediate density:

Average distance between the particles (smallest, intermediate or largest):

State of matter with highest density:

Average distance between the particles (smallest, intermediate or largest):

What is the size of the backward force acting on the object?

What is the size of the resultant force acting on the object?

Resultant force = N [2]

The van and its contents have a mass of 2300 kg.

Calculate the acceleration of the van.

You are advised to show your working out.

Acceleration = m/s2 [3]

(ii) The resultant force acting on the van decreases by half.

acceleration stays the same [1]

What is the size of this force acting on the 1 kg object?

(b) (i) A pram is pushed along a path.

The pram is pushed with a constant force of 40 N and 1200 J of work is

Calculate the distance moved by the pram.

You are advised to show your working out.

Calculate the power produced during this time.

Include the unit in your answer.

You are advised to show your working out.

Energy transferred per second = J [1]

(i) Which box, A or B, has the greater mass?

The moment produced by box A is 12 Ncm.

What is the size and direction of the moment produced by box B?

(ii) Box A is moved closer to the pivot.

You are advised to show your working out.

You are advised to show your working out.

During which time period is the car stationary?

You are advised to show your working out.

Acceleration = m/s2 [4]

Calculate the half-life of the radioactive source.

You are advised to show your working out.

Half-life = years [3]

Isotopes used for fusion:

Calculate the time taken for the car journey.

You are advised to show your working out.

Average velocity = m/s [2]

You are advised to show your working out.

Velocity = m/s [7]

THIS IS THE END OF THE QUESTION PAPER

General Certificate of Secondary Education

Double Award Science:

THURSDAY 25 MAY 2023, MORNING

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

For each of these particles, state:

• their location within the atom;

In this question you will be assessed on your written communication skills

(i) Name a suitable fuel for nuclear fission.

Give a reason for your answer.

Describe the motion of the motorbike from 25 to 40 seconds.

Give your answer to one decimal place.

You are advised to show your working out.

Average speed = m/s [5]