Country Profile

Country Profile: China

Official Name: People's Republic of China

Region: East Asia

Size: Approximately 3.7 million square miles

Neighbors: China shares borders with 14 countries, including Russia, India, Pakistan, Nepal,
Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, North Korea, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan,
and Afghanistan.

Physical Features and Climate:

Physical Features: China has diverse landscapes, including mountains, plateaus, deserts, and
plains. Major features include the Himalayas, the Gobi Desert, and the Yangtze and Yellow
Rivers.
Climate: China's climate varies from tropical in the south to subarctic in the north. It
experiences diverse weather patterns, including monsoons and extreme temperatures.
Population: Over 1.4 billion people (as of the last available data in 2021).

Ethnic Composition: The Han Chinese make up the majority, accounting for over 90% of the
population. China is also home to 55 recognized ethnic minority groups, including the
Zhuang, Hui, Uyghur, and Tibetan.

Official Language: Mandarin Chinese is the official language. Other languages and dialects
are spoken among the various ethnic groups.

Capital: Beijing. Major cities include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, and Tianjin.

Quality of Life: The quality of life varies significantly in China. While many urban areas have
seen rapid development and improved living standards, rural areas may face challenges in
access to education, healthcare, and infrastructure.

Founding: The People's Republic of China was founded on October 1, 1949.

Government: China is a socialist one-party state, governed by the Chinese Communist Party
(CCP).

Leaders: As of the last available data in 2021, the President was Xi Jinping, and the Premier
was Li Keqiang.

Military: The exact number of personnel in the Chinese military is not provided, but it is one
of the largest standing armed forces in the world.

Allies and Enemies: China has various diplomatic relationships with countries worldwide.
Specific allies and enemies may change over time due to geopolitical factors.

GDP: As of the last available data in 2021, China's GDP was one of the largest in the world.

Natural Resources: China possesses abundant natural resources, including coal, iron ore, rare
earth metals, natural gas, and hydropower potential.

Currency: Chinese Yuan (CNY) or Renminbi (RMB).

Major Exports and Imports: China is a major exporter of goods like machinery, electronics,
textiles, and more. It also imports various commodities and goods to support its industries
and domestic consumption.

Trading Partners: China has extensive trade relationships globally. Some of its major trading
partners include the United States, European Union countries, Japan, South Korea, and other
countries in Asia and Africa.
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