Electronic

Data
Processing
(EDP)
Central
Processing
Unit (CPU)
GROUP
MEMBERS
Allen Cobarrubias
Kaye Ann Baluyot
Hesed Emmanuel Pevidal
Lea Janelle Pielago
Althea Joy Madurog
Ray Vilson Magcamit
Chrisha Daine Red
Table of Content
ELECTRONIC DATA
1 PROCESSING AND ITS 5 CPU FETCH-DECODE-
CORE FUNCTIONS EXECUTE CYCLE

2 ADVANTAGES OF 6 TYPES OF CPU

ELECTRONIC DATA
PROCESSING
3 CENTRAL
PROCESSING UNIT
(CPU)
4 COMPONENTS OF
CPU
ELECTRONIC
DATA
PROCESSING
(EDP)
 There are different types of data processing systems and
each performs one or more required operation(s) on data by
means of various devices.
When a machine performs most of the required operations,
the system is called an automatic data processing (ADP)
system. More particularly, when that machine is an electronic
digital computer, the system is described as an electronic
data processing (EDP) system or simply as a computer
system.
Electronic Data Processing (EDP)
In the broadest terms, an electronic data processing
system consists of: hardware, software and
peopleware.
In electronic data processing, a user does not
have to deal directly with the physical devices
(hardware) of the EDP system. Instead, special service
programs, stored in the computer memory, provide an
interface between the user and the equipment. These
programs, called systems software, simplify the
task of the programmer and, the application software
control the use of the hardware.
 Hardware

The term hardware refers to the physical equipment or

components of an electronic data processing system. It
may also be referred to as the machinery that performs
the mechanics of operations.
Each component is designed to perform one or more of
the following functions: data preparation, input,
processing, storage, and output.
 Software

For the EDP system to analyze data, update files, and print out
information, it must have programs designed for these purposes. Stored
programs tell the computer what steps to take, what data to work on
and what to do with the results. Software commonly includes such
programs as well as any operating aids that extend the capabilities of
the computer.
 Peopleware

The term "peopleware" represents the personnel involved in systems analysis,

programming, computer operations, system maintenance, and the like.
Systems analysis and design, and some programming are the jobs of the
systems analyst.
Program development is the specialty of the programmer.
Systems development is carried out by a compute operators, input data
preparation staff, and output preparation clerks.
Programmers do some systems work in addition to programming and
prepare for greater involvement in systems analysis in the future.
ADVANTAGES
OF EDP
ADVANTAGES

sPEED
Computers operate at incredibly high speeds, measured in billionths and
trillionths of a second. A medium-sized computer can perform 500,000 additions
in a second, equating to one every two-millionths of a second. This speed,
measured in microseconds or even nanoseconds (one billionth of a second), allows
computers to solve problems in minutes that would take punched-card data
processing systems at least ten hours.
The swift data processing capability of computers enables them to provide
real-time business information to management, facilitating more informed
decision-making.
ADVANTAGES

ACcuracy
The high-speed processing of computers is complemented by
exceptionally accurate results. When programmed correctly and given error-
free data, computers achieve a high level of output accuracy, unparalleled by
other systems. The electronic circuitry of computers, along with built-in
checking circuits, ensures reliability and detects errors.
Computers can be considered 100% accurate, with undetected errors
being extremely rare. Due to their speed and precision, computer systems
can process large amounts of data more cost-effectively than manual
methods.
ADVANTAGES

Automatic operation
An electronic computer can carry out sequence of
many data processing operations without human
intervention. The various operations are executed
automatically by way of a stored computer program.
ADVANTAGES
DECIsion-making capability
A computer can perform certain decision instructions automatically. Here a
decision consists of two steps:
a) Determining whether a certain statement is true or false.
b) Based on the result, choosing one or the other course of action out of
alternatives included in the computer program.
Decision making is often called branching since it causes branching out to
different places in the computer program. Besides branching, a computer can
also be instructed to repeat a list of instructions again and again; this is
known as looping.
ADVANTAGES

compact storage
Electronic data processing systems have the ability to
store large amounts of data in a compact and easily
retrievable form. Because various computer media can
store millions of characters of data in a condensed form,
there is a tremendous savings in the storage area required
to maintain the vital records necessary in a business
environment.
ADVANTAGES

Discipline it imposses
To solve a problem with a computer you must, first,
understand the problem, and, second, program the
computer to give you the right answer(s). Understanding
a problem is one thing, but understanding it to the depth
of detail and insight required to program the computer is
a completely different matter.
 CENTRAL
PROCESSING
UNIT
(CPU)
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)
be

All operations performed by the computer

system are controlled by the physical
device called the central processing unit. It
is the "brains" of the computer system.
Sometimes referred to as the mainframe, it
contains the arithmetic and logic unit, a
control unit, and an internal storage unit
(also called memory, primary storage, or
main storage).
 STORED PROGRAM

A program that is stored in the

memory of a computer. The
execution of the program then
requires the use of a control unit – to
read instructions from the memory at
appropriate times and arrange to
carry them out. The memory used to
store the program may be the same
as or different from memory used to
store the data.
 Control Unit
supervises or monitors the functions performed by the entire computer
system according to the conditions set forth by the stored program.
fetches instructions of the stored program from main storage and
interprets them, then, generates signals and commands that cause other
system units to perform certain operations at appropriate time.
acts as the “central nervous system” but performs no actual processing
operations on data.
 Control Unit
Supervisor - responsible for controlling the operations of the
system, calls in each application program and integrates the
processing of each step. Instructions in each program are
transferred, one at a time, to the control unit.
 Arithmetic/Logic Unit
performs operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and
division, as well as moving, shifting and comparing data.
has the ability to test conditions encountered during processing and
take action accordingly.
registers - internal areas located in ALU used to temporarily hold data
that is being processed.
gates - electronic circuits that direct the path taken by a computer
program depending on the given quantity or field
 Memory Unit
capable of holding and storing data, computer program or
instructions during processing.
a random-access storage device consisting of thousands of storage
locations, each of which can be directly reached by the control unit.
Each position or location in memory is identified by a unique
number or particular address. With this, the control section of the
CPU can readily locate data and instructions as needed.
 Memory Unit
byte - refers to the storage position. The notation K is often used as an
abbreviation for approximately 1000 storage positions (1024 bytes).
Small computers possess primary storage capacity of from 4K or 4096
bytes to 256K or 262,144 bytes.
A large computer may have as many as 8192K or 8,388,608 bytes of
storage location.
A million bytes is called megabyte of storage.
 AUXILIARY/SECONDARY
STORAGE
Auxiliary memory holds programs and data for future use,
and, because it is nonvolatile (like ROM), it is used to store
inactive programs and to archive data.
 DATA BUS
SYSTEM can transfer data to and from memory

BUS of computers in or out of the CPU.

ADDRESS BUS
used by the CPU to specify a physical
used by the CPU to specify a physical
address, instructions, files or other devices
address, instructions, files or other devices
within the computer system.
within the computer system.

CONTROL BUS
used by the CPU to communicate
with other devices within the computer
system.
OPERATIONS PERFORMED
BY THE CPU

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Input Operation
An input operation is one that signals an input device to
read data; it then automatically transmits that data to the
central processing uniit.
That is, each program provides an area of computer
storage within the CPU to hold an input record.
Processing Operations
Data transfer, arithmetic, and logic operations are
processing functions that operate on the input data. These
are the only operations that a computer can perform.
In order for information to be written, it must appear in
an output area within the CPU that is set up by each
program.
Output Operation
An output operation causes information to be
transmitted from the output area, provided for by each
program, to an output device where it is written out or
recorded.
 Auxiliary Storage Unit

Arithmetic and
Logic Unit
INPUT OUTPUT
UNIT MEMORY UNIT
Register
UNIT

CONTROL UNIT
CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT
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