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    Complex Number ISI

    Uploaded by

    Suvanwit Mandal

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    GRO rion viel Pomme, oon a aH, mad EuNDamentAL Tagore OF ALGesRA Crm) as nik oa f > i roots ) yy Cea aC (77-1855) I ers aS atc ay yo my arr y ere aa Peano Bare Sane a ore Ht ° De ee Od Nomber Line Pee rl VET ie ether gestive or ngotve Ae rae: carne Eee © Assume Gassome ® Assume (=) > 6 (coy en) >o Ow @ () ooL a iG od re =g cos eres No SL a oe = 4 Ce Cea ee ee) 7 og (apa Cad Pa Soma a Eo ————— ae = 5 a en Cael os Tean Robert Argand aL) is ed eal WNT BN ati ues 7 a Ci aera ee a Se, we called this oy OD Ne a eae Nae Wessel C17) vera “That this subject [imaginary numbers] has hitherto been surrou is to be attributed la If, for example, +1, had been called di instead of impossible), such an 0 of the ques: nded by my: rious obscurity, ely to an ill adapted notation. 1, and the square root of -1 e and lateral uni obscurity would have been out - Carl Friedrich Gaus Non 4 consider 2% - 6x+13=6 And , qak! inary numbers Dr CR aan) as ears re eA) ra ane? +64 [oe acne pig edie ious 2 Gt [ead an re a Od pepe ba Pca) ears ZF rar Ty ced S a e renee) cise Jaz haa teed Ce aaa Pisa ass Now, eran ole sy A ae 2 Va) Clea G bt ae ae ee Cr eC 7 ‘Cc ot pei oa ee ae ficleoen = JW = @ ©) Chha a it eee a eran ae 2 ome Sa a= (4,2 @© 7 a oy (1) Cr) 2 (2) Ra ad F2 D BS a > a ren ra ae oes aed % aT as Bi- 54 = G21) ac) si Hi rd Oe a To a ee a aes Pan ee ri aan fi Me Te ee Te a alia ne eed Grae Ua) Pee ee == el Pe itera, a complex wg 7 % Ff oh tes: a Cen aan On fe ‘ieak pai CT a ae ag Lote al 22 THE COMPLEX PLANE THE XY PLANE en nn Pea [-t = C,-)) UO aL Ree (3,2) 7 - Wei = (7,-ws) 3+ o2i= C2, 0.2) Cn Tare) ACL RST ae “3 oP) - 2 ° 4 a a al y & Sina, 34.2 eu Sy 4 Real . We add complex numbers by adding the This has a nice visual interpretation, adding we place the second arrow at the wer its tip lands is our result. Imaginary xi (Co asD) ae od 4 Cor rad rat To catio, cr ar ba) (atib) = Uti) - C48) aa ED at y” fae (3+ 2i)(1+2i) Far 3+ 61+ 20+ nae 3481-4 —1 + cots Now, Scatar Holt a , a 6* ca ee a © ed Roy re 4 ee Gy a cae a cr ey aS PT {ied oon Cees multiplication ("time ) ‘cales up a number (mak Now, G2 xD) ) . Pa} oS) ae f an : acre! OS ee ee ere aT A 7 G+ 4i) (3421) 4+ fi + 2i-8 = res a co k Ci i Pa) C1, 181) ; 1+ 181 ia an cy ts ead 1b LS ete tare a dad rial a ead a fide ikaeiiaeatea Pa’= art re” en PQ eee eT ae ores Examples i} 3 (B44) eee will represent ee So if Ts. eee Tarr ro ee ee ee sc a er cer) a a rT) r @o rang] Oy ay eT ee ca de aro Cr La a ioe ary Pal re xs a Yo Dae SL al eT ea © For a aha © i hi % ar aad Bato © a rai jrding one FAL a le ne Car Le c ‘ww ca cor Se G+ heme a) Td ents Z eee Tea) Tes crn USSR hee oe er aa Observations Osi hi FA ke ee Problem Distance 1 ves Distance Distance 2 Result aaa 2 aaiea4 Distance 1 X istance 2 = came os lo) Fe ar z | re | ort Saree a ari ay Result Angle What alee cura if i ca a We now ply complex numbers on the complex plan from the real axis add, and their distances from the origin multiply. ‘This is the connection we were looking for between complex multiplication and the complex plane. h 1 rau) De ei cae | AL ee oa ned sa | a iy Ot nce (eawas zQeiv dir ae (pe ae ee (2) a Bot how to aa 1 LE eae | ee) ae rece e+ in, sing | m Raa Om ae ees occa a sinesing) siC nr, sin Cotp) o a —? eos eae) 7 F (cos 6 + jsine) ~ reos® + itsind Geib) . cet idd a a where, ad aa i = ele Ge Cea cna ae eae errno ows Complex se Cea ae (OM aa @ - He 4 _ Guide teat ORE a ara O sen e 4-5 CORE ar ee ae oe Co+ib) pe ore) f z2= ath & ance eal ) a ees) (eet) a = ee) 2 el) Con} Lad CU Z.Z = Catib) (a-iv) a ae oe ee oa = aa ee Pee Oy GBHMI)(3- 41) = g% 4? 295 (eee Dy (3- 47) he 7 7 4 Mag. multple Cr,.r,) we know, Prey ann aad a G LS cece ee) « i BS Crary eee er eeE) ee) a a he akc ne?) ts mae EaD %* Z.2-= 1.2.7 Ps ore Oe ee oO ee fae Pn ae ae an se a hed Sarak x Ay ae a eT Lace , Ara eee a eee © When we alt al a re a Pa a ia Sens Oca ried a cay 2) ca | eee hahaa a ree bp Ce ci eae ENT Qtsil(a-si)= ats = 18 SG Co eae Se) a oe SO Ed a-3i oil Ey rae " pees 3 2S ee P| pay 13 3 cM Hl al ae Tbe 2 ba carers f ie lee aes - ot 2) Ra te rang Coe et = Gtin)ca-ib) cox) Crs oe ar ae 2! Cd G Ee a aU a o f @ i a a [ee es el Zz bees Lerma ar es ato ey em oe Al a rs = « the eal . v7 aa fl eg fe Cee. RS ew net Te a (ree Ree eB) er a ae al 47 id ” Nira rd nilnaeing aa i Ca a Sa ae cz aaa ae Mee Let a lt 22 atsi hk Pe | a op aa eT) na DoD ae ee Zt 2, = Cru) - CH- 7) lls Rm ee are = (244) = c3i-71) rr oe ee nf are oo en oe ee ee Co reer era Gt cte)y icotaef) * Chae re eed ere belts Cas Co arareeey, aan Pe eT cies Seah rT cian ernest? yy = Qe + lod + ibe + i? bd 7 (co Ly rn eT nT [ee nee) aD rere een ee) = G@e - bd) -i Cadt+ be) an Pre ee > _ a oO) = Fas, rem he a a iT ict where's the ia)" ee ee Ve rat aie ‘I a va ay nadie Pe Ae ed | i Add -@ +p) an ri NS cs | read ca ¢ e r Ms N a aa) z ars rs here) as 8 Pi Paty Say | oe =e ao = bu nT Ve 17) 27 =s81r ny ol ea e us a] be | ems Aries rd oe aad TMs i ene Le re) oe (Ke jo Ke aney -1 arn ae er ee) a 5 cia @i @i Om TER ee Ce a ea mi fe & at ae ae ES is ELE war lad 2) infivite Ora Ce ee a ry ame | a aad CA oe i eA ee ® p is an odd int >) a Pia nd og ry Re meek SD) ee ee eee) Y rN © oivting Fie) vi cate where i= JZ we obtoin the remainder a cea 7 Caneel A Cone es Ca LY Oey Upon di aie aa aie ric hm Cans the remainder 4-j k div. bby 2+i re Me ae eT CO et og a Pie Caria 21 is ite ww Ite ol-z CR SA ce eee ea ere Pe ota esis O rire OMR aS iier ara Th eet Oe hie a had @(i% an ae (6 Pera ORT alae har ee) Oates) ee a OG ce a tag OR car rare. 100 A ® Zt cea Esa) (0) io i <3 5 [o} r ( Cr ad ‘ian Fe ee OM ea Ee 8 aa zt ® Show that araeal a ra Pa ey ae ae) Creed x ch aah @ a = oo Se BO ee an Aigebra. ¢ bzeQtb, aber, ze 4 a ea CeCe a Ts 7 SS eee ene oe tans) Lie Dera peop e aaa) PARC Pa a cae ra @ Meee ee Eat) oo eee coi id Iona ae y Re C242.) Re Ce,) + ReC2,) 7 . Poa) Bk US See os ImCz,) + ImC2p acne Sea wes @Gi+ Z)+z2, = 24 @rz,) che rae (0) (ees Omer ai Se acacia Me 2t0 = 2 =Ot2, V zEc. @ Additive Tnvetse (-2): > + ¢-2) = aoe rere 2 ovib, -22(~-a) +10) E aremete cd 2-2, = z,40¢-2,) Sanna al Set eT Ean rE S ma ea me) Car Qr ti k a ats ce ab aes (Cree Peta) aed eae ford re a et Cae Oe) = Ga, tiab, + iba, + ibd, cr a (rr Ce a ee sien Operties ca Oz,2, = 2,2, ee ca) ECE cai One a 221. Oe aero oe ae’ (Oy eer oe ioe eee aay ce es Oe ae (CPt a Oe ; Cras et ee Sent OE ey See) ee eee 1} hao rE as aCe Crt iz) = (F-22) 4 9: = = A Enotes es es an anes aa rr Paes ib , pas D Pn Salto) ee een on (cee ae we dso in standard /aigeb alc oye aCe @ CVaiv_1 Cs) O/-5:) rr Olina (Grae © 3(747/) +i(7+71) @ Ci) - 61463) OTenery) - (++Si) (0) eae Oka ae ea) ts Par) 3 (Oey ORGS ea oleae 9) Ow a4 Ea Cea Cee g-i @G-2i)(a+5) (142i) (2-0) f “2403 ees) ® | ee) ORS lae am (Crear ar enrD) ONare ie @) Given 2 = fla) +i Fa a rT tad comglax re ad ais ye ee Ae) (OE ee es aan ah ae Dee © alee ® 222 2s pore aan) Some important notes|: @ An oh ‘aaa of o complex a Pa E A q 282 Pao eer Be 22 _4 Zz a zt” a ze 4. 7 m Oe nels fo 7s a 2” ae mn ap ae Py Ly Lad Cee AS) — nN a a ry | sl = OP mL) oi rs fe te Cae roots con ugate a ea J sag eT ee Cian rere. en A ian ae a ax a be +E = 0-01 cn - r ) we as Cie HK olse caticfies oy 2 vost OX ait, ath Bi eta Imi i ” oo [a Pay le Ce air co 4a, xz ii lia oa) Pera i e = ald ih as well +0 a amen eetets z my ® Veg 2-2, 2,4 2, aT aS he a veal MI a a oe a ce (eae ee a De Lo ey pea ee) 12, cm + Peles ae ue a 2 a J as a 7 a a eee ry bf Sa Die = a es ee ii 22 +3i earned Rd coc diced ays as rar oe a) A on Paar oe a © |2z1=0 e& zac ie ke lz) = rmlz)=0 Cn Ea ep eant) —s, ana] or Para (Cen Se CP eer pari hoas cays Ca a eee CPA ele CSS Lar nae ee Pec eres ® Holt inverse I2, 2.) = (-2Mere,) OnE aeeaoien 3) a re ec en ae ie n n ren ca Pa a) ran ey Pa A L aa ers @ lz,| cae ee es) ua » -_— te “ rr tel ae Bau) Sa Z = ti) merle) Lcd a: (ola) Pa eaetrs aka a ————S $6 oo iy a a ane ea ' b= tae a sy ee ee iz oak A en) Racoon) py ae rary) O) Pe ra ener ele hee a a i 5 oO a ela lett Gat 23) a eae ee a i en ee) os @ li AW = lathe ylt~ 2¢e6z; 20 2 iv ® Cee ee eee 2 2 Lama 1a ee) + 4 a ee Lae) xs ea aD (C) Cea eee eee ar Ca eae Sine ae) rr! A he ae Te A crm at a oe) (OMe rae Pees % rr an es (aera ers iad ca ad 1c ey a ba Sead Coe SE can 2 an ia aa aeN Pas 4 Re C2,z,) =0 ees ca ia imag #| Some ver slat, LYS) 0) S44i ko qe 3+4 2 742i? erp) or aru 2 742i 2 : cna ars yaaa CE ae numbers don’t possess te nts ie ly oad a od > Cerid) Nn ow as pe ees) 4 b =4a=0 Lr aaa 1 7 ae ran ae res ae ee oe eee eee ¢ 2) Pa Cs (a a} ere ee (ORS (Can a | Bt if a kb are abéC Cay hn eh ied Se ee oe eee i i ce cle er ett ee,y arg o f re ee es ae fy 2 a? (Cen denne ee eer mer (prea ere Pathe aie =0 Ale, 22 +i) = ici-i) Ui-id =f Ci4id re Cz.22 Ec) ee an a pad ae ts a ae nee ee © % a con Ores ; Tn en a lzgl-fS . - ena Bien pe as a as te (2 an oe ca = ae Es a BS [42,4254 -- 4 2q) 2 ’ Zn Se a ee . Chae rs ee ee eee ee | MOLT RL Ro aI a Ori eat RomniS I-t aaa Pa A ice ee) cane © Vs+ni an wel ist Nea een art) © ae Katey +4i ore EC ai We eack other ce a eee eae ca) @ hultplicetive inverse oat COICEa ria ed card ee —— = x-iy & ath Ss ra ow as A omen) sre @g IY 7 Pa ed CNG , aot eal ae od a ey Ore C4) C14 21) i)-- - Clean) = ore) Ca QB WO. Cltm) 2 gy heyr OF deat aC EE rons Ta Cae aT as G++) Corea) Cee peyigt en a ie @ he sum k eleaeia a a Cita fia a ried one oe Pum sed eG ee ptig, ac ed COM} aaa @y and ee one then prove tat Cea ae ee ma Fhe el Qet aaa rn Sea | Cra D Et Era 2 Cerca D4 ms peat a ADR Ore a ee ae ee ae a ca boa ata ig ifor oy n= 1, Ura >. arr) Dns ("+ Se na a ee ee ios a ee nt ae ae RRL aka ae eo) % Ff is TZ nots ee en oe a Ofis Tas ae aT [aprit 10,2019 1 the form I +i, @ ER vif {Online April 19,2014] Predet B+0p)+(b-By of nih tern va Ee te) sal =" (oe Pac ey ee Se ee eae Eas 7 i 2! p 7 ea Te tte a ee rad (+i ec aarT el Boi) lean Ro warree cere PGP te ia aa hae eae a Cea ered 5 arcs De RCM me taal ea Par ROM aE VO For a tve int ee gel cia fi Oa a, R Coe Ter) g tt ivi Py vO) era ace Tee Ki oy a Ne _ a ey Pe en ial Re ee — a i eae (ere he nie co cu eg, map & ae Py ee Da a eae Pe ae ee ; re) eae eon ene STs ® NEES ean ary ee UEEo nen Cea @y C7 ee complex numbers, a a 7 re eaaai < b, a fl EN), then the Car CL Ld Cae a ars So aoa a corn Ee fee ed eee ad 90 De Ory Cone EEE CAEy) A ae numbers z + i and le z+ Let F(z) =2** forall comple a+ ib, where a, b R, find SLT ae re ea +, FIRER CS lo ns ay where 0,4 6.26 are reel nos, all a cc " imaginary roots ie aot 3 are are a 8 Pa ara Ce) Co an) ee a Show that boots of the a” are reat ry I Ome 4 ar Cs ee (CC eD aar ane, res t,o ers Foots- ail red - er rence a rey CT roots. m3 Cary oo nd cid BT 5H pant te ne | ca nt el Ok ers a Par ee (Oe aaa ny Ph ea Ce Eapy i vz Cr so a ae Chan aE e =a aan es Yom is) () Z= 2-3, ai hae eat Seed) Olet z hea complex rd SHE er cme Oy Pea, aes ge ee ee find the non- real root @atec re ome re aa real & one oot purely imoas a lie ia cr a es art bute =0, abe €C Ff Samed a ar res then P-T. (an > a ee SCTE aD) 0} Ff Co a mas then PT. cr aT ae) pee ae aoa Ce & e OTf uation 244 a2%a2%a2+ aco i ee Peet aa wy le expresslon kn Ce mae Os Cea eta Sette) carrer (aa) et le aoe Of a isa CaN eee ee i a ae a Cae Dare 1 Oe aay Ci a ae’ Rc ee aa (Oke a ai near ee MER has ottieast ene real toot Te os Ma Oar set rae Ue Ya Coreen) ) EY) eo) ddCZN 14 ia) 20, has >, care real numbers in the polynomial, P(2) = 22% + az3 « ba «.c2 +3, Iftwo foots of the eq i. Then which of the fllowing are vue. 3A a,b, carats samt 31 af efter Pie) -0 ()a=-11 The quadratic eq (a) ifthe eq with sum 3 + 4i a bode RS 4omnaite ya 4, fr a aw a 3 + di gen Fa a) I yTGT 13 +12, ~ C)¢=-70 (0)4=170 A,, are all real numbers and number of imaginary roots of the is a (where all Aj <0). Then find the value of a + 15 (a+ Ba + af) +(6-B) satisfying the equation, z° = (3 + i) z +m +2 th ei oe ee a 5 ac a as a ees 7 © a a a ra different Cou pumbers with a = Samira hae I- Ce © 2, Xz, are 2 comp. nas. aed id lashes Pea age can Pe Oe a ca ees am find Ban ie i CE Peres Or ae eRe lat ae a eer Re eee) ee a a rats Cor Dr OSs ee Oa OF a ee er comp. rombers a,b,c E Rt such thot Cy ena * Se i cate Pe Dae ae SORT alee PY) © for ae ee oo re @ Show shat Cea 42% b2*4b2+ F =o a a a Cn a ae a ae 174 Cl aod © Tf the @* ont inte So ORC Sa Som a a ae 22 Then prove that hemes Ce) y eal numbers a and, (A) purely real Commision (Romanian Mathematical Olympiad—Second Round, 1987) Par) oe 1) iN) a N uy Povey ae Et, G3 eas Cian an ee ep couertaree) OR a 1 ae ree a (2) a Z = tatm(z) A_y Fa a ra Pa a ee Cre Of & fr hich Comma oa a ; / at ae teeaig Dy) cin (B) B) sin (B) =>) us nm a va A ya) ary nel a 6 f Paral ee Oy) ‘a oy D) lar aaah A Cea aE a 2) felz) =O ») Tim lz) xo ee eres ee COOL ns ese) Ona Pa [sza0 - 3-4) Paty ake tae inane Seay é , B Cys UF OP Cy Gy 7) Pa cana mae Ce ea ae Dome ne me ny a ngucag Ce ere PT, z, ImC2,2,) + 2,Tm (2,2,)+ Carrey @& 2 (ee ana y eee) re Pa read. OR ie ay a a ania 5 A ls ee = eeu Ca ai Ea @ let z+ -i be ont compo a such that iad i aa) ‘ake xa ae t rane Le os z a) Dre arene a eS a ee a 4) oY non. rer read oy @Ff z, bz, are ron- zero loa aac a es ir FP on Ce ca cr) %) forely Ty re em ad @ Tf 32 ‘nog. oe a is aa ina, cc rr’ a) re a “Oy Lee eee ean oe aaa cae ea ss Za ial no., then heat rd oye ae i a’ oes ©y ans poets ea aie, ce z Bs ©) ea Paes ey (or cae er a re rea Oe wp A we ie hos that am ina pores reat (Osan Se maT Zp- ee | a ena aa Te an Sea ae @ tf te-s= a Pee then Re(z) Pe ad ad 22 was Ch an ORS or] Teron Wren) a cake ics ag a aC Then the s 20190) | is equal 10 ising 4) modulus, conjugate properties VG bs es ary BNO One ran fi Par ny OEE ca ed eer Es a ar Clan aiid akak eae es Ces) © cre ao Ee > B eat Mea] ee oO lea Co rat Oe er as os ala , then Owners ri wig fey coe avi oe ar i ier ® Vets Relations © bec [oor Ce ed a ee ar real & one foot i ramen ie a a @ av't+butrc =0, abe Ec Sea ret eas . on (an sa eT OCT ST) © Fo has a Sn ad ce as Tea To) (0) ce OFT Ss iia RT oe a Cee Co a2 a aa he ca ee a ae ee hay a @lée se wa ey Car ‘ane i lig eh er me way) nT. ae ey Ste eee Re ee =(8 +i) 24m +2) = 0, whore m © R. Suppose (} ie a wart) es rs a wes ome real root, AER al QEUND G10 69 Co hd CBD Riot which xia t)x+5=0 pair of conugate imaginary Pra fg ere s-ouph Let z be a complex number such that the imaginary part of z isnon-zero anda == +z+ 1 isreal, Then a cannot take the value (2012) (a) -1 ) (c (d) ome (}) iv iis ee. Ta i me aes a La aa eee) a WT Ra Id ie ~ ri area Aw sd faa Ce ae San aed ro) ‘eo qe) ") fuooo, | OT @ Tf « can eee ek on re oo aes eae) Oe oa a’ a eae a8) +(B-By =0 2) Sa Meee re) O

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