GURUKUL HIGH SCHOOL ROLL NO:

CHAPTER 4: LIGHT
SOLUTION KEY
1. Such types of lenses which always form virtual, erect and smaller image in spite of the different
positions of an object are called concave lens.
2. Since, in first case light rays are converging towards a point, so the lens A will be convex and in case
of lens B, light rays diverge or spread out. So, the lens will be concave lens.
3. As we know that sunlight consists of mixture of seven colours (i.e. VIBGYOR).
4. In the formation of a rainbow, the raindrops suspended in the atmosphere acts as tiny prism.
5. The lens which diverges a beam of parallel rays of light is a concave lens.
6. Yes, the image formed by the plane mirror is always upright.
7. Concave and convex mirrors are the parts of sphere whose one side is polished or silvered. So, they
are called spherical mirrors.
8. No, when the candle is too closed to the concave mirror.
9. Yes, in the side mirror of scooters, convex mirror is used to have a wider field of view of the traffic.
10. Concave mirror is known as a converging mirror because it converges a beam of parallel rays of light
(reflecting from it) at one point.
11. Reflection of light is the name of a phenomenon which is involved in the formation of image of an
object by a concave mirror.
12. Real image is an image which is formed on a cinema screen.
13. Since, after the actual intersection of rays, the image obtained on the screen is always real image.
14. Light energy is the form of energy which produces the sensation of vision.
15. If one half of a convex lens is covered with a black paper, then yes, the convex lens will produce the
complete image of the object.
16. For a single incident ray, there will be only one reflected ray that can be obtained in respect of a
plane mirror.
17. Convex lens is a lens which can converge the sun’s rays to a point and burn a hole in the piece of
paper.
18. In case of convex lens, when we move the object far away from the lens, the size of image decreases
and ultimately, when object is at infinity, it will form a point image at focus.
19. On identifying the letters of newspaper, we can differentiate the two types of lenses.
If image is large or magnified, then the lens is a convex lens and if the image is smaller or
diminished in size for all the positions of object, then the lens is concave .
20. Characteristics of the Images Formed by a Plane Mirror – Virtual, erect, l
Now, we will describe the various characteristics of the images formed in a plane mirror by taking
the example of the image of the candle.

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21. As we know that the side mirror of a scooter must be of convex mirror so that we can view a wide
range of traffic spread over a large area. But if plane mirror is used, we are not able to see large area
of traffic which may be difficult for driving vehicle and can cause accident.
22. Since, the extent of reflection depends upon the shine and smoothness of the surface. So, greater the
shining and smoothness of the surface, greater will be the reflection. So, this is a reason why we
require a shiny surface for reflection.
23. These mirrors can be differentiated by bringing our face close to each mirror turn by turn. Since, a
plane mirror will produce an image of the same size as our face while a concave mirror will produce
a magnified image and our face will look much bigger and on other sides, a convex mirror will
produce a diminished image and our face will look much smaller like a small child.
24. :
(a) The image which can be formed on the screen is real image.
(b) The image which cannot be formed on the screen is virtual image.
25. If a shopkeeper wanted to fix a mirror which will give him maximum view of his shop, he should use
convex mirror.
In case of convex mirror, it will give a wider field of view, i.e. it can collect light from a large area
spread over them.
26. When a white light is passed through a prism, it disperses into its seven constituent colours.

27. :

 In first case, we will use a concave mirror, as we know that concave mirror can form real image, i.e.
image on screen. The image of distant tree will be at focus in case of concave mirror.

 In second case, we can use a convex lens as it forms real image of a distant object at focus, i. e.
image of distant tree in case of convex lens will be formed at focus.

28. When an image is formed by the mirror in such a way that the left side of image is object’s right side
and right side of image is object’s left side. So, this process of change in the sides of the object as
well as of image is known as lateral inversion.
29. The characteristics of image formed by a concave mirror are:

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 The image formed by a concave mirror is not always the same size as the object. It can be either
larger or smaller depending on the distance of the object to the mirror.

 The image formed by a concave mirror is inverted when the object is kept far from the mirror. So,
when it is brought very close to the concave mirror, then an erect and enlarged image is formed.

30. No, he will not observe band of seven colours because laser light consists of monochromatic light of
single colour.
But seven colours of bands are only observed, when a white light is passed through a prism and
dispersion takes place.
31. In case of mirror, the image formed by it is laterally inverted, i.e. left seems to be right and right
seems to be left. So, in ambulance there is emergency for patients to reach hospital and by viewing in
rear mirror, it can be easily identified of a vehicle and everyone give him a way.
32. Since, the image is 6m away from the plane mirror. So, it means that the object is also 6m away from
the mirror.

[Because OP = PI]
So, when the person moves 2 m towards the plane mirror, then the distance between the person and
the plane mirror will be equal to (6 m – 2 m) = 4 m, this means that distance between the image and
the mirror will be 4m.

The distance between the person and his image = PO’+ PI’= 4 + 4 = 8m
33. On decreasing the distance between the object and lens, the size of the image increases, the nature of
the lens will be convex type.
If the distance between object and lens is less than the focus of the lens, then it forms a virtual image
and this image cannot be obtained on a screen but formed on the same side of the object.
34. (c) plane mirror and convex mirror
35. (b) Concave lens and convex mirror
36. (a) A convex lens
37. (b) The distance between object and mirror is given by 0.5 + 0.5= 1 m.
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38. (b) cannot be formed on the screen
39. (b) concave mirror or convex lens
40. (b) when the sun is behind you
41. (b) only a concave mirror
42. (a) Only concave mirror
43. (c) both concave mirror and convex lens
44. (b) concave lens provided the image is smaller than object

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