CHAPTER 2  They thought they were a victim of theft, kaya
sinunog ang mga kabahayan ng mga tribu roon.
Content and Context Analysis of Selected Primary
Resources in Philippine History
Content and Contextual Analysis
Context Analysis – evaluates the authenticity of
a source (External Criticism)
 Date – when it was produced?
 Localization – where did it originate?
 Authorship – who wrote it?
 Analysis – what is the pre-existing
material served as the basis for its
production?
 Integrity - what was its original form?
 Credibility - what is the evidential value
of its content?
Content Analysis is an analysis of a source (in
whatever medium, including multi-media) that
helps us to understand the text within the
context of its historical and cultural setting.
(Internal Criticism)
Antonio Pigafetta ang the First Voyage Around the
World
Ferdinand Magellan
 Magellan was born on 1480 and died April 27,
1521
 Portuguese navigator and explorer who sailed
under the flags of both Portugal (1505–13) and
Spain (1519–21)
 Ferdinand Magellan is a Portuguese explorer,
denied by the Portugal to explore. Introduced to
the King and Queen of Spain by his idea to
explore the eastern part using the western route
Antonio Pigafetta
 Venetian scholar he studied astronomy,
geography and cartography.
 Wrote the history of Magellan’s voyage, the
latter’s assistant to document the cartography
and the flora and fauna
 Antonio Pigafetta was commissioned by the King
of Spain to write a chronicle of his voyage.
 Treaty of Tordesillas: The world was divided
into half, Spain for the West and Portugal for the
East
SEPTEMBER 20, 1519
 5 ships ang ginamit: Victoria, Concepcion,
Santiago, Trinidad, San Antonio
(SantiViConSanAnTri)
 270 crew members
 Atlantic Ocean, Brazil, looked for a passageway.
 Strait of Magellan can be found on Falkland
Islands (Islas Malvinas)
 It may look small, but Magellan took 38 days to
cross to Pacific Ocean
 It was named by Magellan as Mar Pacifico or
“Tranquil or Calm”
 It took them 99 days to cross the Pacific Ocean
MARCH 6, 1521
 They landed on Landrones Islands or Islands
of the Thieves. This is presently known as
Guam
 During this time, meron na lang silang 3 barko
 Yung isa, nasira. Yung isa tumakas at bumalik
ng Espanya
MARCH 16, 1521
 They landed on Cebu
 Magellan met Raja Humabon: he agreed to
serve under Spain
 There was a trade wherein, Magellan would fight
Lapu-lapu (Raja of Mactan)
 Magellan asked Lapu-lapu to be part of the
colonization under Spain, Lapu-lapu refused.
Magellan threatened Lapu-lapu, the following
day his 49 men to Lapu-lapu’s men
 Magellan thought that the people of Lapu-lapu
would be afraid and run if they burned their
houses, however, the natives were mad and
killed most of Magellan due to their fury
 Magellan was shot through the right leg with a
poisoned arrow, on that account, Magellan
ordered his men for frontal assault.
 Some of his men fleet away from the area but
only 10 to 15 men remained with the captain
 The Filipino warriors they fought with were called
as “Pintados”
 The more tattoos you have on skin, you are
considered a veteran in wars
 Magellan was severely injured, with that most
natives noticed that as an advantage to rush
upon him with iron and bamboo spears,
cutlasses.
 Magellan was referred as mirror, light, comfort,
true guide
 Raha Humabon invited the defeated men for a
feast but it was a trap. 27 men were killed.
NOVEMBER 8, 1521
 Arrived in Moluccas (Muluku) SPICES ISLANDS
with two ships : Trinidad (not in good condition
and may butas na) and Victoria
 Traded for spices
 Victoria was commandeered by Juan Sebastian
Elcano
SEPTEMBER 6, 1522 - Sanlucar de Barraneda
Victoria was able to return to Spain under the leadership
of Sebastian Elcano. 18 survivors. But a total of 35 was
able to return to Spain.
 Spices Islands or Moluccas (Muluku)
CUSTOMS OF THE TAGALOGS
Juan de Plasencia
 Joan de Portacarrero was born and raised in
Extremadura, Spain in 16th century during the
country’s Golden Age (Siglo de Oro)
 Came to the Philippine Islands as one of the first
missionaries.
 One of the first to form a grammar and
vocabulary of the Tagal language.
 His interactions and observations with the
Tagalogs influenced him to write the book,
Relacion de las Costumbres de los Tagalogs
(Customs of the Tagalogs, 1589)
 He died at Lilio, La Laguna in 1590.
  Plasencia wrote the CoT as a report to the Friars
in Spain.
 It contains the political, social, economic, and
cultural systems that were already in place
among Filipino communities prior to the arrival of
Spanish colonizers.
 Also, extensive information reconstructing the
political and socio-cultural history of the Tagalog
region.

POLITICAL AND SOCIAL SYSTEM

 Barangays are headed by datos or

chieftains.
 They govern and lead captains in wars as
the head of the barangay
 Maharlicas are the nobles or the free-born
 They should accompany the datos in times
of war. Provides the needs.
 Aliping Namamahay are the commoners.
They are married, and serve their master if
he is a dato or not. Lives in their own
houses: children can’t be sold or be slaves.
 Aliping Saguiguilir are the slaves. They
can be sold: being profited a portion of land
to work faithfully.
 5 taels, price of ransom & 10 or more taels,
wholly free
 1-3 taels, for maharlicas to move from one
barangay to another
 Arbiter – fair and just men
 Simbahan – a temple or place of adoration
 Pandot – festival or worship
 Nagaanitos – way of worshipping
 Badhala – maker of all things
 Lic-ha – images with different shapes
 Dian Masalanta – patron of lovers and
generations
 Lacapati and Idianale – patron of
husbandry and cultivated lands
 Umaluhokan - messenger

KARTILYA NG KATIPUNAN

KKK – Kataastaasang, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan

ng mga Anak ng Bayan was founded by Andres
Bonifacio.

 Created due to the abusive, harsh colonial

government, and the call of Filipinos for freedom
 July 6, 1892 – Jose Rizal was arrested, three
days before the establishment of La Liga
Filipinas
 July 7, 1892 – establishment of the Katipunan
by Andres Bonifacio
 Originally written as by Emilio Jacinto