Zdravka Paskaleva, Maya Alashka

MATHEMATICS
6A
GRADE
WORKBOOK

Translated and Adapted

by
Zvezdelina Stankova
Founder and Director
of the Berkeley Math Circle

PUBLISHING HOUSE
 CONTENTS OF 6A WORKBOOK
Part I. Worksheets Part II. Lesson Exercises
Contents................................................. 1 Contents.............................................. 59
Worksheets W1-W90........................2-58 Lessons L1-L89...........................60-134

6A WORKBOOK IN MATHEMATICS for first semester in 6th grade

Edition in English, 2016:
© Publishing House: “ARHIMED 2” EOOD, www.arhimedbg.com
© Zdravka Krumova Paskaleva, Maya Sabcheva Alashka - authors, 2016
© Translator, adapter, editor, partial author and graphic designer: Dr. Zvezdelina Entcheva Stankova, Ph.D.
Director of Berkeley Math Circle at University of California at Berkeley, mathcircle.berkeley.edu
Professor of Mathematics at UC Berkeley, California, U.S.A.
© Berkeley Math Circle Logo used on Cover with permission from Berkeley Math Circle.
© Emil Hristov - cover designer, 2016
Copy-editor: Thomas Rike, math teacher at Oakland High School

ISBN: 978-954-779-198-5

Edition in Bulgarian, 2013:

© Authors: Zdravka Krumova Paskaleva, Maya Sabcheva Alashka
© Referees: Dr. Mariana Nenova Nenova, Zdravka Dimitrova Kraicheva
© Cover page artist: Anna Simeonova Moncheva
© Editor and copy-editor: Uliana Hristova Damianova
© Graphic designer: Angelina Vladislavova Avramova
© Publishing House: “ARHIMED 2” EOOD, www.arhimedbg.com

Printed by Alliance print – Sofia, Bulgaria

 PART I: 6A WORKSHEETS W1-W90
This workbook is designed to help students strengthen The workbook:
the basic knowledge that they need to master in the first • highlights the basic knowledge in 6A Textbook;
semester of 6th grade. • has a teaching component;
• To each topic in the 6A Textbook correspond selected • helps students learn to organize and correctly
problems in the workbook that every student should write solutions to problems;
be able to solve. • saves time in searching for more problems.
• Some of the problems have a solution in the work- The workbook can be used:
book and some have the beginning of a solution, which • for independent work by the student;
the students need to complete. • to assign homework;
• After working on such problems, students should be • to conduct tests;
able to complete on their own the remaining problems. • for practical work with applications.

CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Natural Numbers. New Concepts 41. Distance from a Point to a Line...........................30
1. Operations with Natural Numbers........................2 42. Altitudes in a Triangle..........................................31
2. Expressions and Efficient Calculations................3 43. Rectangle (Review)..............................................32
3. Word Problems and Expressions Again.................4 44-45. Area of a Rectangle (Review)..............................33
4. Variables and Basic Equations...............................5 46. Converting Units for Area. Exercises..................34
5. How Mathematicians Write Solutions...................6 47. Area of a Right Triangle.......................................35
6. Pre-Test #1............................................................7 48. Area of a Triangle.................................................36
Chapter 2: Fractional Numbers. Decimals 50-51. Quadrilateral and Its Perimeter and Area.............37
8-9. Fractional Numbers. Common Fractions..............8 52-54. Parallelogram and Its Perimeter...........................38
10. Metric Units...........................................................9 55-56. Area of a Parallelogram........................................39
11-12. Decimals. Introduction........................................10 57-58. Trapezoid and Its Perimeter..................................40
13-14. Properties of Decimals.........................................11 59-60. Trapezoid and Its Area..........................................41
15-16. Comparing Decimals...........................................12 62. Exams on “Plane Figures”...................................42
17-18. Adding Decimals.................................................13 63. Test #4 on “Plane Figures”...................................43
19-20. Subtracting Decimals...........................................14 Chapter 4: Divisibility
21. More Equations (Review w/ Extension).............15 64-65. Multiples, Divisors, Prime Numbers....................44
24-25. Multiplying Decimals..........................................16 66-67. Divisibility of a Product and a Sum..................... 45
26-27. Dividing Decimals...............................................17 68-69. Criterion for Divisibility by 2 and by 5................46
29. Operations with Decimals...................................18 70-71. Criterion for Divisibility by 3 and by 9................47
30. Calculating with a Calculator..............................19 73-74. Prime Factorization. Finding the GCD.................48
30. Finding an Unknown with a Calculator..............20 75-76. Common Multiple. Finding the LCM..................49
31. Expressions, Units, and Words Again.................21 77. Exam on “Divisibility”.........................................50
32. Sum and Difference of Segments........................22 78. Test #5 on “Divisibility”.......................................51
33. Multiplying and Dividing Segments...................23 Chapter 5: Rectangular Parallelepiped
34. Basic Motion Equation. Average Speed..............24 79. Coordinates of a Point..........................................52
35. Motion Problems.................................................25 80-81. Rectangular Parallelepiped. Cube........................53
36. Word Problems....................................................26 82-83. Surface Area of a Parallelepiped..........................54
37. Exam on “Decimals”...........................................27 84-85. Volume of a Rectangular Parallelepiped..............55
38. Test #3 on “Decimals”.........................................28 87. Surface Area and Volume of a Box......................56
Chapter 3: Geometric Figures in the Plane 89. Exam on “Solids”.................................................57
39-40. Geometric Figures. Triangles (Review)................30 90. Test #6 on “Solids”...............................................58

1
 PART II: 6A LESSON EXERCISES
These worksheets come directly from the 6A textbook:
• They consists of the examples from each lesson.
• They have space for students’ solutions.
The worksheets can be used:
• for directed individual or group work in class.
CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Natural Numbers. New Concepts
1. Operations with Natural Numbers........................60
2. Expressions and Efficient Calculations.................61
3. Word Problems and Expressions Again................62
4. Variables and Basic Equations..............................63
5. How Mathematicians Write Solutions..................64
Chapter 2: Fractional Numbers. Decimals
8. Fractional Numbers..............................................65
9. Fractional Numbers. Common Fractions..............65
10. Units of Measure. Intro to Metric System............66
12. Reading and Writing Decimals.............................67
14. Multiplying/Dividing a Decimal by 10s...............68
15. Comparing Decimals............................................68
16. Representing Decimals on a Number Ray............69
17. Adding Decimals..................................................70
18. Adding Decimals. Properties of Addition.............71
19. Subtracting Decimals............................................72
20. Subtracting Decimals. Exercises..........................73
21. More Equations (Review w/ Extension)...............74
22. Sum and Difference vs. Components...................75
23. Adding and Subtracting Decimals........................76
24. Multiplying Decimals...........................................77
25. Properties of Decimal Multiplication...................78
26. Dividing a Decimal by Natural Number...............79
27. Dividing a Decimal by a Decimal........................80
28. Product and a Quotient vs. Components..............81
29. Operations with Decimals....................................82
30. Calculating with a Calculator. (Project)...............83
31. Expressions, Units, and Words Again...................84
32. Sum and Difference of Segments.........................84
33. Multiplying and Dividing Segments....................85
34. Basic Motion Equation. Average Speed...............86
35. Motion Problems..................................................87
36. Solving Word Problems. Exercises.......................88
37. Review of the Topic “Decimals”..........................89
Chapter 3: Geometric Figures in the Plane
39. Basic Geometric Figures (Review)......................90
40. Triangle. Types of Triangles (Review).................91
41. Distance from a Point to a Line............................92
42. Altitudes in a Triangle..........................................93
43. Rectangle (Review)..............................................94
44. Area of a Rectangle (Review)..............................95
45. Units for Length vs. Units for Area......................96
59
L1 - L89
The worksheets are designed to be used in tandem
with the textbook. In addition to completing these
worksheets, the full solutions, discussions, and
remarks in the textbook should be carefully read
and understood by the student.
46. Converting Units for Area. Exercises...................97
47. Area of a Right Triangle.......................................98
48. Area of a Triangle.................................................98
49. Area of a Triangle. Exercises................................99
50. Quadrilateral and its Perimeter...........................100
51. Area of a Quadrilateral.......................................101
52. Parallel Lines......................................................102
53. Parallelogram. Rhombus....................................103
54. Perimeter of a Parallelogram..............................104
55. Area of a Parallelogram......................................105
56. Area of a Parallelogram. Exercises.....................106
57. Trapezoid. Perimeter of a Trapezoid..................107
58. Trapezoid. Types of Trapezoids..........................108
59. Area of a Trapezoid............................................109
60. Area of a Trapezoid. Exercises...........................110
61. Areas of Geometric Figures. Exercises..............111
62. Review of the Topic “Plane Figures”.................112
Chapter 4: Divisibility
64. Multiples and Divisors.......................................113
65. Prime and Composite Numbers..........................113
66. Divisibility of a Product.................................... 114
67. Divisibility of a Sum......................................... 115
68. Criterion for Divisibility by 2 and by 4..............116
69. Criterion for Divisibility by 5, 10, 25.................116
70. Criterion for Divisibility by 3 and by 9..............117
71. Criteria for Divisibility. Exercises......................117
72. Greatest Common Divisor (CGD)......................118
73. Prime Factorization.............................................119
74. Finding GCD via Prime Factorization................120
75. Least Common Multiple (LCM)........................120
76. Finding LCM. Exercises.....................................121
77. Review of the Topic “Divisibility”.....................122
Chapter 5: Rectangular Parallelepiped
79. Coordinates of a Point........................................123
80. Rectangular Parallelepiped. Cube.......................124
81. Rectangular Parallelepiped. Exercises................125
82. Surface Area of a Box.........................................126
83. Surface Area of a Box. Exercises.......................126
84. Constructing a Model of a Box..........................128
85. Volume of a Rectangular Parallelepiped............130
86. Units of Measure for Volume.............................131
87. Surface Area and Volume of a Box.....................132
88. Exercises with Practical Applications.................133
89. Review of the Topic “Solids”.............................134
 Variables and Basic Equations
L4
Finding an Unknown Number
Example 1 I thought of a number. I increased it by 325 and obtained 523.
Which number did I think of ?
Solution:

Example 2 Find the unknown number x if: Example 3 Find the unknown number x if:
а) x + 213 = 956; а) 12 . x = 30,240;
b) x − 283 = 408; b) x ÷ 17 = 607;
c) 1,021 − x = 47. c) 345 ÷ x = 23.
Solution: Solution:
а) а)

b) b)

c) c)

Example 4 Calculate the value of the expression. Then solve the equation and compare.
a) A = 35 − a for a = 30. b) C = 35 ÷ a for a = 7.
c) 35 − x = 5; d) 35 ÷ x = 5.
Solution:
a) b)

c) d)

63
L5 How Mathematicians Write Solutions
Example 1 Calculate the numerical value of the expressions. Write your solutions in a correct,
complete, and clear way. How many points out of 10 do you think you will get?
а) A = (108 + 37) ÷ 5 + 31; b) B = 2 . a + b ÷ 3 if a = 31 and b = 27.
Correct Solutions:
а) 60; Points: b) 71. Points:
Explain why: Explain why:

Complete Solutions:
а) 108 + 37 = 135; Points: b) 2 . 31 = 62; Points:
135 ÷ 5 = 27; Explain why: Explain why:
62 + 9 = 71 .
27 + 31 = 58 .

Clear Solutions:
а) A = (108 + 37) ÷ 5 + 31 = 145 ÷ 5 + 31 = 29 + 31 = 60. Points:
Explain why:
b) B = 2 . a + b ÷ 3 = 2 . 31 + 27 ÷ 3 = 62 + 9 = 71.

Example 2 Is the solution below to Example 1a) correct, complete, and clear? What do you think:
how many points will it receive?
Solution: A = 108 + 37 = 145 ÷ 5 = 29 + 31 = 60.
Points:
Explain why:

Example 3 Using the CoCoClear Rubric, grade the solutions below of the equation 16 + x = 35.
Solution 1: Solution 2: Solution 3: Solution 4:
16 + x = 35 16 + x = 35 16 + x = 35 − 16 16 + x = 35
x = 35 − 16 35 − 16 = 19 x = 19 x = 35 − 16 = 19
x = 19
Points: Points: Points: Points:
Explain why: Explain why: Explain why: Explain why:

64
 Fractional Numbers L8
Example 1 11 children came to Vanya’s birthday. Into how many equal parts did Vanya divide
the cake and what part of the cake did each child receive?
Solution:

Example 2 Petya and Ivan participated in a contest and each received 1 chocolate bar made of 8
identical blocks. Petya ate 3 blocks and Ivan ate 7 blocks. What part of her chocolate
bar did Petya eat? What part of his chocolate bar did Ivan eat?
Solution:

Fractions. Common Fractions L9

Example 1 (Dictation) Write down the fractions:
one-fifth, one-fourth, one-tenth, one-eighth,
one-eleventh, one-half, two-sevenths, three-fourths.
Solution:

Example 2 Two identical cakes were divided into 10 equal pieces. 17 kids ate one piece each.
What part of the cakes was eaten and what part remained?
Solution:

Example 3 Read the fractions: Solution:

a)
а) 1 , 2
, 3
; c) 1 , 3 , 9 ;
2 2 2 7 7 7 b)
1 c)
b) 1 , 3
, 5
; d) 1 , 1 , .
4 4 4 10 100 1000 d)
Example 4 Write the common fraction with: Example 5 Write as a common fraction:
а) numerator 7 and denominator 20; а) five-sevenths;
b) numerator 9 and denominator 5. b) seven-thirds.
Solution: a) b) Solution: a) b)

65
L17 Adding Decimals
Example 1 (Review) Perform the addition:
а) 123 + 876; c) 205 + 107; e) 589 + 432;
b) 341 + 935; d) 245 + 5,829; f) 2,953 + 347.
Solution:
а) b) c) d) e) f)

Example 2 Add 5.321 m and 7.465 m.

Solution:

Example 3 Perform the addition:

а) 5.3 + 2.4; b) 2.13 + 3.22; c) 10.4 + 5.23; d) 5 + 6.081.
Solution:
а) b) c) d)

Example 4 (Orally) Find the sum:

а) 1.5 + 0.2; b) 2.7 + 3.2; c) 0.7 + 0.13.

Answers: а) b) c)
Example 5 Add 2.802 m and 8.984 m.
Solution:

Example 6 Perform the addition:

а) 0.8 + 0.9; b) 1.57 + 2.28; c) 12.98 + 0.256; d) 0.991 + 0.3691.
Solution:
а) b) c) d)

Example 7 Perform the addition:

а) 1.3 + 0.9; b) 0.75 + 0.58; c) 25.3 + 8.97; d) 34.07 + 126.643.

Solution:

а) b) c) d)

70
 Adding Decimals. Properties of Addition L18
Example 1 Perform the addition:
а) 5.81 + 2.95 = b) 1.03 + 0.005 = c) 1.92 + (0.105 + 2.01) =
2.95 + 5.81 = 0.005 + 1.03 = (1.92 + 0.105) + 2.01 =

Example 2 Calculate efficiently the sums:

а) 7.4 + 8.5 + 0.6; b) 107.3 + 15.33 + 12.7 + 23.67.
Solution:
а)
b)

Example 3 Check if the addition was done correctly:

52.108 14.023 3.12 2.4
2.059 15.37 17.205 2.18
+ 0.781 + 121.409 + 0.078 + 17.873
54.948 150.802 20.403 23.453

Example 4 Calculate the value of the expression A = 5.42 + x if:

а) x = 0.9; b) x = 0.09.
Solution:
а) A = b) A =

Example 5 A pole is lodged vertically at Example 6 A stone is thrown from a bridge

the bottom of a lake, starting at 1.25 m depth
in the ground and sticking 1.48 m above the
water level. The depth of the lake in this place
is 1.52 m. Find the length of the pole.
Solution:
to the river underneath. It travels 4.905 m
during the first second, and every next second
it travels 9.81 m more than the previous. If the
stone reaches the water in 4 seconds, find the
distance from the bridge to the water.
Solution:

71
 Altitudes in a Triangle L42

Example 1 In a square grid (1 unit = 1 division) we have drawn triangles.

a) b) c) d)

Find the distances: а) from C to АВ = c) from А to ВС =

b) from B to АС = d) from D to ВС =
Example 2 In a square grid (1 unit = 1 division) draw a right triangle ABC with legs CA = 12
units and CB = 3 units. Find the distances from vertex:
а) B to leg AC; b) A to leg BC.
Solution: а)

b)

Example 3 Draw the perpendiculars from vertex: Example 4 Draw the altitudes
a) C to side AB ; b) A to side BC ; c) B to side AC. in a right ∆ ABC.
Solution: Solution:

Example 5 In a square grid (1 unit = 1 division) Example 6 Draw the altitudes in an

we have drawn an isosceles trian- obtuse ∆ ABC.
gle ABC with base АB = 4 units Solution:
and altitude CC1 = 7 units. Which
two familiar figures can be used to
draw triangle ABC?
Solution:

93
 Variables and Basic Equations W4

1 Find x if:
а) x + 2,307 = 5,409 +2 =5 c) 3,546 + x = 7,000 2+ =5
x = =5–2 x = =5–2
x = x =

b) 6,807 – x = 4,444 5– =2 d) x – 3,459 = 5,301 –2 =3
x = =5–2 x = =3+2
x = x =

2 Calculate the value of the expression. Then solve the equation and compare.
а) A = 7,380 – a for a = 3,200 b) 3,200 = 7,380 – x
A= x=
x=

c) B = 312 . b for b = 3 d) x ÷ 3 = 312

B= x=
x=

e) C = c ÷ 3 for c = 312 f) 312 ÷ x = 3

C= x=

3 Find x if:
а) x . 27 = 56,430; b) x ÷ 13 = 207; c) 7 , 254 ÷ x = 13.
x = x = x =
x = x = x =

4 I thought of a number. I increased it by 1,308. I decreased the resulting number by

9 and obtained 2007. What number did I think of?

5
W5 How Mathematicians Write Solutions
1 Calculate the value of the expression. Write your solution according to the CoCoClear
Rubric. How many points out of 10 do you think you will get?
а) A = 42 + (93 + 17) ÷ 11;

b) B = 4 . a + (33 – b) ÷ 8 if a = 13 and b = 9.

2 Are the solutions below to Exercise 1a)-b) correct? How many points will they receive?
а) A = 93 + 17 = 110 ÷ 11 = 10 + 42 = 52;

Total points: out of 10.

b) B = 33 – 9 = 24 ÷ 8 = 3 + 4 . 13 = 7 . 13 = 91.

Total points: out of 10.

3 Using the CoCoClear Rubric, grade the solutions below of the equation 75 ÷ x = 15.
а) 75 ÷ x = 15 b) 7 5 ÷ x = 15 c) 75 ÷ x = 7 5 ÷ 15 d) 7 5 ÷ x = 15
x = 15 . 75 7 5 ÷ 15 = 5 75 ÷ x = 5 x = 7 5 ÷ 15
x = 1,125 x = 75 ÷ 5 x= 5
x = 15

4 I thought of a number. I increased it by 1,308. I decreased the resulting number by a

factor 9 and obtained 207. What number did I think of? Write an equation and solve it,
following the CoCoClear Rubric.

6
W8-9 Fractional Numbers. Common Fractions

1 Write with a fraction:

а) a half → 1 ; c) a fifth → ; e) a seventh → ;
2
b) a third → ; d) a tenth → ; f) a ninth → .

2 Write with a fraction:

а) three-eighths → ; c) four-fifths → ;
b) seven-ninths → ; d) five-fourths → .

3 Write a common fraction with:

а) numerator 7 and denominator 19 → ;
b) numerator 11 and denominator 20 → ;
c) numerator 12 and denominator 5 → ;
d) numerator 3 and denominator 7 → .

4 Write six common fractions with:

а) numerator 3 → , , , , , ;
b) denominator 15 → , , , , , .

5 Write six common fractions with numerator 5 and denominator larger than the numerator.
, , , , , .

6 Write a fraction indicating what part of the figure has been shaded.
а) b) c) d)

8
 Adding Decimals W17-18

1 Perform the addition.

12.12 2.358 1.3 5.28 12.125
+21.21 +0.121 +2.7 +4.35 +17.284

0.3581 4 2.82 0.58 7.21

+12.9999 5.82 3.008 0.63 12.358
+3.05 +0.25 2.45 123.005
+8.03 + 2

2 Fill in the answers in the empty boxes and check if the resulting answer is correct:
а) 2.38 + 2.3 → + 2.3 → + 2.3 → + 2.3 → 11.58 ;

b) 2.325 + 0.55 → + 0.005 → +2 → + 1.12 → 6 .

3 Ivan bought a chocolate bar for $1.05

Angel bought biscuits

that are $1.35 more expensive
than the chocolate bar. Angel paid $

Boris bought a box of sweets

that is $2.08 more expensive than the
bisuits. Boris paid $

The three boys paid altogether $

4 Find x if:
x – 3.12 = 5.28; x – 44.35 = 111.703.
x = x =
x = x =

13
 Altitudes in a Triangle W42

1 Given ∆ ABC, draw the altitudes in it using a triangular tool.

а) AA 1 = h a → C C

A B A B

C
b) BB 1 = h b → C

A B
A B

C C
c) CC 1 = h c →

A B A B

2 The altitudes in the right ∆ ABC C

are correspondingly the segments:
ha =
hb =
hc =

A C1 B

31