TRAINING SHIP RAHAMAN

VIVA Question bank

Sub: Communicative English Lab
Phonology:
1) What is Phonology?
Ans: Phonology is a branch of linguistics that studies how languages or
dialects systematically produce their sounds. It studies how the words are
scientifically produced or uttered.
2) How many sounds are there in English phonology?
Ans: There are total 44 sounds in English phonology.
3) What is a monophthong?
Ans: A monophthong is a single vowel sound in a syllable. There are total
12 monophthongs in English phonetics.
4) What is a diphthong?
Ans: A diphthong is the combination of two vowel sounds together. There
are total 8 diphthongs in English phonetics.
5) What is the difference between diphthongs and monophthongs?
Ans: A monophthong is a single vowel and a diphthong is a double vowel.
A monophthong is where there is one vowel sound in a syllable, and a
diphthong is where there are two vowel sounds in a syllable.
6) What is the difference between a consonant and a vowel sound?
Ans: The main difference between vowels and consonants lies in their
articulation. A vowel sound is articulated with an open vocal tract whereas
a consonant is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal
tract.

7) What is word stress?

Ans: Word stress means deliberate stress or emphasis on certain syllable
of a word when pronouncing it. Stress on a word is given to pronounce it
in a louder and clear way. Word stress helps us to know how many
syllables are in a word.
8) What is sentence stress?
Ans: Sentence stress means giving deliberate stress on certain
words within a sentence. Sentence stress is useful for
crating rhythm or beat in a sentence. Sentence stress is given according
to its types.
10) How many consonant and vowel sounds are there in English
Phonology?
Ans: There are total 24 consonants and 20 vowel sounds in phonology.
11)What is intonation?
Ans: Intonation is the rise and fall of the voice in speaking. It is useful to
indicate the speaker's attitudes and emotions to highlight or focus an
expression or thought. We can understand the speaker’s feelings and
emotions and mental attitude through intonation. There are major four
patterns of intonation. 1) Rising tone 2) Falling tone 3) Rising- falling 4)
Falling - rising tone.
12) What is vowel sound?
Ans: According to Cambridge’s English Dictionary, a vowel is a sound
produced without being obstructed or blocked the air by the teeth,
tongue or lips.
13) What is IPA?
Ans: International Phonetics Alphabet
14) What is consonant sound?
Ans: A consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or
partial closure of the vocal tract. Examples are [p] and [b], pronounced
with the lips; [t] and [d], pronounced with the front of the
tongue; [k] and [g], pronounced with the back of the tongue.
15) What are the different tone groups?
Ans: There are main two types of tone groups. Rising tone and falling
tone. Other than this, there are sub two tone groups. One is rising-falling
and falling- rising tone group.
16) How to improve pronunciation?
Ans: We can improve our pronunciation by studying properly LSRW skills.
Today there are number of English language software which are helpful to
improve our pronunciation. By loud clear reading will help to improve our
pronunciation.
17) What are the different tone groups?
Ans: There are main two types of tone groups. Rising tone and falling
tone. Other than this, there are sub two tone groups. One is rising-falling
and falling- rising tone group.
18) What is phonemes?
Ans: Phonemes are the most minimal (smallest) meaningful elements in
the sound system of language. In English there are 44 phonemes.
Ex. /p/ /b/ /t/ /d/ /k/ /g/
19) What is allophone?
Ans: If there is minor change in the sound of phoneme, the sound is
called allophone.
Ex. /t/ is phoneme; /th/ is its allophone.
20) What is syllable in English phonology?
Ans: Syllable is a unit of pronunciation having one vowel sound, with or
without surrounding consonants, forming the whole or part of word. Each
syllable must have one or more consonants before the vowel. For ex.
there are three syllables in the word ‘unkindness’. Un-kind-ness. In each
there is a vowel sound. The word ‘registration’ has re-gi-stra-tion four
syllables.