1

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EXAMINATIONS PURPOSE ONLY.

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POSSIBLE QUESTION.

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EXAMINATION AND IMPORTANT TOPICS
FROM STANDARD TEXTBOOK IF TIME
PERMITS.
~TEAM MEDICOMAMA1.0

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SPM PAPER-1 ESSAYS
➢ Define & describe Natural History of disease. Apply
levels of prevention to Natural history. Give examples of
levels of prevention. (2 + 5 + 5 + 3M)
➢ Define Health according to WHO. Enumerate the
dimensions of Health. Describe various indicators &
Determinants of Health. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Describe the chain of disease transmission. Describe
principles of disease prevention of reservoir, modes of
transmission & Host level. (3 + 4 + 4 + 4M)
➢ Define Epidemiology. Classify epidemiological methods.
Describe steps in conducting cohort study. Differentiate
between case control & cohort studies (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define Epidemiology. Classify epidemiological methods.
Describe steps in conducting case control study.
Describe Uses of epidemiology. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define Epidemiology. Classify experimental methods.
Write steps in conduction of randomized controlled trail.
Describe the types of RCTs. (2 +3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define Balanced diet. Enumerate the dietary goals
recommended by WHO. Write in detail about
epidemiology & prevention of protein energy
malnutrition. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)

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➢ Define nutrition. Describe classification of foods.
Describe methods of nutritional assessment of a
community. (2 + 5 + 8M)
➢ Enumerate nutritional deficiency disorders prevalent in
india. Describe causes, health hazards & prevention of
Nutritional anemia. (3 + 2 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Write the spectrum of iodine deficiency disorders.
Mention the epidemiology & prevention of iodine
deficiency disorders. (5 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define family. What are the types of families? Write
their merits & demerits. Describe role of gamily in
Health & disease. (2 + 3 + 4 + 6M)
➢ What are common sources of Air pollution? Mention
common air pollutants. Describe strategies for
prevention & control of Air pollution.(3 + 2 + 4 + 6M)
➢ Define “safe water”. Classify water born diseases.
Describe steps in purification of water on large scale.
(2 + 5 + 8M)
➢ Define “safe water”. Enumerate methods of small scale
purification of water. Describe filtration method using
Pasteur chamber land filter as an example. Add a note
on purification of well water. (2 + 4 + 4+ 5M)

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➢ Define “Noise”. Describe levels of noise exposure.
Describe Health hazards of noise pollution. Write about
prevention & control of Noise pollution.(2 + 4 + 4 + 5M)
➢ Define term Biomedical waste. What are its health
hazards? Mention the categories of wastes and the
colour coded storage containers. Describe the treatment
and disposal options for the same. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define “disaster”. Classify disasters. Describe disaster
cycle. Describe management of disasters.(2 + 3 + 4 +
6M)
➢ Define “Pneumoconiosis”. Classify different
pneumoconiosis. Describe prevention & control of
Bagassosis & Asbestosis. (2 + 3 + 5 + M)
➢ Define the term “factory”. Discuss the scope of ESI Act
1948. Mention financial contribution to ESI corporation.
Describe the Benefits of ESI Act. (2 + 3 + 2 + 8M)
➢ Define ergonomics. Enumerate occupational diseases.
Describe Medical & Engineering measures to prevent
occupational diseases. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ What are health hazards of Industrialization? Describe
causes of Accidents in Industry. Describe preventive
measures. (4 + 4 + 7M)

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SPM PAPER-1 SHORTS
1. CONCEPTS OF HEALTH & DISEASE

➢ Levels of prevention with examples

➢ Modes of intervention
➢ Iceberg phenomenon of disease
➢ Spectrum of disease
➢ Determinants of health
➢ Epidemiological triad with suitable example
➢ Rehabilitation with examples
➢ Dimensions of health
➢ Morbidity indicators
➢ Health indicators
➢ DALY
➢ PQLI
➢ ICD-11
➢ Disease elimination and disease eradication
➢ Monitoring and surveillance
➢ Web of causation
2. PRINCIPLES OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND EPIDEMIOLOGICAL METHODS

➢ Advantages and disadvantages of case control studies

➢ Relative risk and attributable risk
➢ Bias in epidemiological studies
➢ Differences between case control and cohort studies

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 ➢ Secondary attack rate
➢ Randomized control trials
➢ Incidence and prevalence
➢ Spot map
➢ Types of epidemics
➢ Epidemic curve
➢ Uses of incubation period
➢ Herd immunity
➢ Serial interval
➢ Isolation, and quarantine
➢ Cohort study
➢ Cold chain equipment
➢ Uses of epidemiology
➢ Source and reservoir of infection
➢ Dynamics of disease transmission
➢ Modes of transmission of disease
➢ Types of disinfection
➢ Properties of ideal disinfectant
➢ Investigation of an epidemic

3. SCREENING OF DISEASES

➢ Sensitivity and specificity

➢ Difference between Screening and diagnosing test
➢ Concepts & Types of screening of disease

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 ➢ Concept of lead time
➢ Uses of screening for diseases
➢ Validity of screening test
➢ Different criteria for screening diseases
➢ False negatives & Positives
4. NUTRITION

➢ Essential fatty acids

➢ Glycaemic index
➢ Fat soluble vitamins
➢ Role of dietary fibre
➢ Vitamin A deficiency
➢ Role of vitamin C
➢ Trace elements in diet
➢ Role of fats in disease
➢ Nutritional anaemia
➢ Balanced diet****
➢ Protein energy malnutrition
➢ Pasteurization of milk
➢ Indian Reference man& women
➢ Low birth weight
➢ Iodine deficiency disorders
➢ Endemic fluorosis
➢ Lathyrism

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 ➢ Xerophthalmia
➢ Ecology of malnutrition
➢ Dietary survey, Methods*
➢ Meat hygiene
➢ Epidemic dropsy
➢ Aflatoxins
➢ Endemic ascites
➢ Food fortification
➢ Food adulteration
➢ Prevention of food adulteration act, 1954
➢ ICDS programme
➢ Mid-day meal programme
➢ Food standards
5. MEDICAL AND SOCIAL SCIENCES

➢ Social factors influencing health of people

➢ Anthropometry
➢ Acculturation
➢ Social control mechanisms
➢ Types of learning
➢ Intelligence quotient
➢ Types of family
➢ Function of family
➢ Cultural factors in health and disease

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 ➢ Role of family in health and disease
➢ Role of social class in health and disease
➢ Doctor-patient relationship
➢ Consumer protection act
➢ Social security

6. ENVIRONMENT AND HEALTH

➢ Safe and wholesome water

➢ Features of Sanitary well
➢ Water related diseases
➢ Purification of water on a small scale
➢ Double pot method
➢ Disinfection of well during epidemics
➢ Microbiological standards of drinking water quality
➢ Swimming pool sanitation and its sanitary measures
➢ Estimation of chlorine demand of water sample
➢ Berkfield filter
➢ Residual chlorine
➢ Salient features of rapid sand filter
➢ Chlorination
➢ Differences of slow and rapid sand filter
➢ Slow sand filter
➢ Indices of thermal comfort

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➢ Sources of air pollution
➢ Air pollutants
➢ Indicators of air pollution
➢ Effects of air pollution
➢ Prevention and control of air pollution
➢ Types of ventilation
➢ Effects of noise exposure
➢ Prevention and control of noise
➢ Hazards of ionizing radiation and prevention
➢ Heat stress indices
➢ Effect of heat stress
➢ Global warming
➢ Social goals for housing
➢ Kitchen garden
➢ Housing standards
➢ Housing and health
➢ Overcrowding
➢ Sanitation barrier
➢ Soakage pit
➢ Methods of refuge disposal
➢ Activated sludge
➢ Water seal latrine
➢ RCA latrine
➢ Septic tank

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 ➢ Oxidation pond
➢ Transmission of arthropod borne diseases
➢ Paris green
➢ Mosquito control measures
➢ Fly control measures
➢ Integrated vector control
➢ Principles of arthropod control
➢ Control of cyclops
➢ Insecticides
➢ Anti rodent measures

7. HOSPITAL WASTE MANAGEMENT

➢ Incineration
➢ Health hazards due to biomedical waste
➢ Biomedical waste categories

8. DISASTER MANAGEMENT

➢ Types of disasters
➢ Man-made disasters
➢ Disasters in India
➢ Disaster mitigation
➢ Disaster management

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 ➢ Disaster cycle
➢ Triage
➢ Disaster preparedness

9. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

➢ Classify occupational diseases

➢ Pneumoconiosis
➢ Bagassosis
➢ Lead poisoning
➢ Occupational cancer
➢ Prevention of radiation hazard
➢ Sickness absenteeism
➢ Health problem due to industrialization
➢ Factories act 1948
➢ Medical benefits of ESI act
➢ Silicosis

10. HEALTH INFORMATION AND BASIC MEDICAL STATISTICS

➢ Census
➢ Notification of diseases
➢ Bar charts
➢ Histogram
➢ Different Measures of dispersion

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 ➢ Normal distribution curve
➢ Sampling methods
➢ Tests of significance
➢ Chi square test
➢ Sources of health information
➢ Sample registration system
➢ Record linkage

11. GENETICS AND HEALTH

➢ Genetic Counselling
➢ Eugenics, Positive, Negative
➢ Enumerate genetic diseases, Preventive measures
➢ Prevention and social measures to reduce chromosomal
abnormalities
➢ Euthenics

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YSRUHS COMMUNITY MEDICINE PAPER-1 MODEL PAPER

Long essays 2X15 = 30 marks

1) Differentiate between case control and cohort studies.

What are the different types of cohort studies? Give
examples. Describe the types of bias and measures

to counter bias (4+3+2+2+4)

2) What is micronutrient malnutrition? List the common

causes. Write about the prevention and of iron deficiency
anaemia among children, adolescents and prevention and
management among pregnant women (2+2+2+2+3+3)

Shorts 10X5=50

3) Iceberg phenomenon in health & disease

4) National Immunization Schedule

5) Role of family in chronic diseases

6) Prevention and control of air pollution

7) Microbiological aspects of drinking water quality

8) Various source reduction methods for vector control

9) Write about ‘Open Vial Policy’ and also mention the

vaccines for which this policy does not apply

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10) mention the Prevention and Control measures for
Agricultural Hazards

11) Mention the criteria for a screening program

12)What is ‘ergonomics’? Describe how it can be ensured by

giving examples

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SPM PAPER-2 ESSAYS
➢ Discuss about problems, Epidemiology, Prevention &
control of Hepatitis B infection.(3 + 4 + 8M)
➢ Discuss the problem, epidemiology & investigations of
HIV infection. Add a note on National AIDS control
programme. (2 + 3 + 2 + 8M)
➢ Enlist the vector borne diseases and their vectors.
Describe epidemiology of Malaria. Add a note on vector
Borne Disease Control Programme. (4 + 5 + 6M)
➢ Describe the problem & epidemiology of Tuberculosis.
Write a note on National TB Elimination programme.
(3 + 5 + 7M)
➢ Classify sexually transmitted infections. Describe
epidemiology of STTs. Describe Syndromic Management
of RTI / STIs. (3 + 5 + 7M)
➢ Describe types of food poisoning. How to investigate an
outbreak of food poisoning? Write preventive & control
measures of FP. (3 + 5 + 7M)
➢ Describe Epidemiology, prevention & control of Rabies in
India. (5 + 5 + 5M)

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➢ Define Diarrhea. Describe epidemiology of Acute
Diarrheal Diseases. Describe prevention & control
measures for same. (2 + 6 + 7M)
➢ Discuss epidemiology & prevention of coronary Heart
Disease. Describe national programme for control of
CHDs. (5 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define “Hypertension” & mention joint action committee
8 guidelines for classification of Hypertension. Describe
the epidemiology, prevention & control of Hypertension.
(2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ Define “Blindness” according to WHO. Write the
categories of visual impairment. Describe the
epidemiology & prevention of blindness. Write a note on
vision 2020. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)
➢ What are danger signs of cancer, write the epidemiology
& preventive measures of Breast & cervical cancer. Add a
note on National programme for control of cancers.
(3 + 4 + 4 + 4M)
➢ Write the problem, epidemiology & prevention of Road
Traffic Accidents. (3 + 6 + 6M)
➢ Describe the problem, epidemiology & control of
Diabetes mellitus in India. Describe national programme
for control of DM. (2 + 3 + 5 + 5M)

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➢ Describe salient features of National Rural Health Mission
& National Urban Health Mission. Describe the targets &
achievements of NHM. (6 + 6 + 3M)
➢ Describe objectives, organization & functions of National
programme for control of blindness in India. (5 + 5 + 5)
➢ Describe the objectives, structure & functions of National
Family Welfare Programme. (3 + 4 +8M)
➢ Enumerate Vaccine Preventable diseases. Describe
Universal Immunization Programme. Add a note on
Vitamin A prophylaxis program. (2 + 8 + 5M)
➢ What are components of (RCH) Reproductive & Child
Health Programme? Describe functioning of RCH
programme. Add a note of reproductive, maternal,
Neonatal, child and Adolescent Programme. (RMNCHA+)
(2 + 6 + 7M)
➢ Enumerate community nutrition programs in India.
Mention the beneficiaries of ICDS programme. Describe
services under ICDS programme. Add a note on staffing
pattern in ICDS programme. (3 + 3 + 6 + 3M)
➢ Define “Infant Mortality”. Describe epidemiology of
infant mortality. Describe preventive measures for
reducing infant mortality in India.(2 + 6 + 7M)
➢ Define Maternal Death & pregnancy related death.
Describe the causes of Maternal mortality. Describe

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 measures for reducing Maternal mortality in India.
(4 + 6 + 5M)
➢ Define low Birth Weight. Describe the causes of low birth
weight. Discuss measures to reduce low birth weight.
(2 + 6 + 5M)
➢ Define perinatal mortality. Describe causes of perinatal
mortality. Discuss measures to reduce PM. (2 + 6 + 5M)
➢ Define old age. What are organic, psychological & social
problems of old population? Describe measures to ensure
welfare of old persons. Add a note on Helpage India.
(2 + 5 + 4 + 4M)

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SPM PAPER-2 SHORTS

1. COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
➢ Prevention of chicken pox
➢ Epidemiological determinant of measles
➢ Clinical features and prevention of measles
➢ Kolpik spots
➢ Congenital rubella syndrome
➢ Prevention of influenza
➢ Control of diphtheria
➢ Prevention of acute respiratory infections
➢ Severe acute respiratory syndrome
➢ Mode of transmission of corona virus
➢ Covid 19 disease severity
➢ Diagnosis of COVID-19
➢ Home care for COVID 19 patients
➢ Prevention of COVID-19
➢ Epidemiological indices of TB
➢ Control of TB
➢ DOTS
➢ Tuberculin test
➢ BCG vaccination

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➢ Prevention of poliomyelitis
➢ Strategies for polio eradication in India
➢ Modes of transmission of Hepatitis B
➢ Prevention and containment of hepatitis b
➢ Agent factors of acute diarrhoeal diseases
➢ Control of diarrhoeal diseases
➢ oral rehydration therapy
➢ Rotavirus vaccine
➢ Agent factors of cholera
➢ Carriers in cholera
➢ Control of cholera
➢ Cholera vaccines
➢ Typhoid vaccines
➢ Types of food poisoning
➢ staphylococcal food poisoning
➢ Prevention and control of food poisoning
➢ Chandlers index
➢ Dengue haemorrhagic fever
➢ Treatment of uncomplicated malaria
➢ Clinical features of malaria
➢ Treatment of falciparum malaria
➢ Measurement of malaria
➢ Malaria control strategies
➢ Clinical manifestations of filariasis

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➢ Filaria survey
➢ Control measures of filariasis
➢ Prevention of human rabies
➢ Yellow fever vaccination
➢ Control of Japanese encephalitis
➢ Leptospirosis
➢ Flea indices
➢ Blocked flea
➢ Control of trachoma
➢ Prevention of tetanus
➢ Lepra reaction
➢ Mode of transmission of leprosy
➢ Surveillance of leprosy
➢ Leprosy control measures
➢ Syndromic approach to STD’s
➢ Control of STD'S
➢ Prevention of AIDS
➢ Emerging diseases
➢ Nosocomial infections
➢ Contact tracing
2. NON COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
➢ Risk factor intervention trials of Coronary heart disease
➢ Rule of halves
➢ Tracking of blood pressure

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➢ Non modifiable risk factors of hypertension
➢ Modifiable risk factors of hypertension
➢ Prevention of hypertension
➢ Prevention of rheumatic heart disease
➢ Cancer control
➢ Prevention of lung cancer
➢ Classification of diabetes
➢ Epidemiological determinants of diabetes mellitus
➢ Screening for diabetes
➢ Prevention of diabetes mellitus
➢ Assessment of obesity
➢ Prevention and control of obesity
➢ Changing concepts in eye healthcare
➢ Prevention of blindness
➢ Road traffic accidents
➢ Domestic accidents
➢ Cancer registry
➢ Danger signals for cancer

3. Demography and family planning

➢ Stages of demographic cycle
➢ Discuss demographic transition
➢ Discuss age pyramids in demography
➢ Explain life expectancy

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 ➢ What are the factors influencing fertility in India
➢ Discuss fertility indicators
➢ Define couple protection rate and eligible couple
➢ Classification of contraceptives
➢ What are barrier methods of contraception?
➢ Merits and demerits of conventional contraceptives
➢ Types of IUDS
➢ Ideal IUD
➢ Advantages and disadvantages of IUDS
➢ Side effects and contraindications of IUDS
➢ Mode of action and adverse effects of OCP
➢ Contraindications and complications of OCP
➢ Post conceptional contraception
➢ Post coital contraception
➢ Enumerate the indications for MTP
➢ Pearl index
➢ Complications and causes of failure for male sterilisation
➢ Important features of family welfare programme
➢ Social marketing

4. Preventive medicine in Obstetrics, Paediatrics, Geriatrics

➢ Importance of antenatal care

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➢ Advantages of domiciliary health care services
➢ Discuss immediate care of newborn
➢ Causes of low birth weight
➢ Prevention of low birth weight
➢ Advantages of breast feeding
➢ Principles of artificial feeding
➢ Explain uses of growth charts used in India
➢ Explain rising trends in MCH care
➢ Explain indicators of MCH care
➢ Enumerate the causes of maternal mortality deaths and
their prevention
➢ Causes and prevention of perinatal mortality in India
➢ Causes and prevention of neonatal mortality in India
➢ Define factors influencing infant mortality rate in India
➢ Discuss preventive measures of infant mortality rate in
our country
➢ How do you promote health of school children
➢ Social factors influencing child labour
➢ Social factors in women and child trafficking
➢ Salient features of ICDS scheme
➢ Problems of the aged and prevention
➢ Juvenile delinquency

5. Communication for health education

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 ➢ Types of communication
➢ Barriers of communication
➢ Explain principles of health education
➢ Describe types of audio visual aids
➢ Explain various methods employed for group teaching
➢ Advantages and disadvantages of group discussion
➢ Merits and demerits of seminars
➢ Panel discussion
➢ Explain importance of role play in health education
➢ Mass media of communication
➢ Methods in health communication

6.Essential medicine and counterfeit medicine, mental health

➢ Name someessential drugs for primary health care
➢ Comprehensive mental health programme
➢ Preventive approaches against drug dependence
➢ Warning signals of poor mental health

7. Health planning and management

➢ Steps in planning cycle
➢ Explain cost benefit and cost efficient analysis
➢ Explain importance of network analysis
➢ Explain PERT
➢ Recommendations of Mudaliar committee

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➢ Recommendations of Kartar Singh committee
➢ Recommendations of Shrivastav committee
➢ Recommendations of Bhore committee

8. Health care of the community

➢ What is primary health care? What are the principles of
primary health care?
➢ Enumerate sustainable developmental goals
➢ Enumerate the components of primary health care
➢ Explain functions of Accredited social health activist
➢ Anganwadi worker
➢ Services provided at sub centre
➢ What are health and wellness centres? What are its
functions?
➢ Job responsibilities of Medical officer in primary health
care
➢ Define health worker female and her functions
➢ Job responsibilities of health worker male
➢ Job responsibilities of male health assistant
➢ Health insurance scheme
➢ Explain the role of voluntary health agencies in health
care delivery
➢ IPHS standards for PHCs
➢ IPHS standards for SC

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9. Health programmes in India
➢ Discuss current strategy of national malaria of malaria
control programme
➢ Discuss current strategy in national leprosy control
programme
➢ Salient features of National TB elimination programme
➢ Salient features of National AIDS control programme
➢ Salient features of National programme for control of
blindness
➢ Salient features of Iodine deficiency disorders
programme
➢ Salient features of Universal immunisation programme
➢ Mention salient features of national rural health mission
➢ High lights of reproductive and child health programme
➢ Janani suraksha yojana
➢ Integrated management and neonatal childhood illness
objectives and case management process
➢ Salient features of Integrated disease surveillance
project

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10.International health

➢ World health organisation, functions, responsibilities

➢ UNICEF, Role of UNICEF in health care delivery in India
➢ GOBI campaign of UNICEF
➢ Services Provided By UNICEF
➢ Food and agriculture organisation (FAO)
➢ International labour organisation
➢ Activities of ford foundation
➢ Role of C.A.R.E in India
➢ India, International Red Cross Society
➢ Bilateral Health Agencies

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YSRUHS COMMUNITY MEDICINE PAPER-2 MODEL PAPER
Long essays 2X15 = 30 marks
1) Describe the epidemiology ,prevention and control of
tetanus (5+5+5)
2) Define perinatal mortality rate,what are the causes and
preventive measures of perinatal mortality? (2+5+5)

SHORTS 5X10=50 MARKS.

1) Steps in the investigation of food poisoning.
2) How can we prevent Road traffic accidents.
3) Causes of blindness in India.
4) Rule of halves
5) Explain natural family methods.
6) List out the principles of primary health care.
7) Recommendations of Bhore committee.
8) Principles of primary health care.
9) Write about modified plan of operation under NMEP.
10) IMNCI.

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