QUARTER 4 SCIENCE 10 ACTIVITIES
Chemical Reaction What is the Law of Conservation of Mass?
Name: ________________________ Score:___________
Section: ______________________ Date: ___________
Let Us Study
In your science engagement, you learn about the
reactivity of selected metals. You also observed the
turning of blue litmus paper into the red in an acid test.
These are examples of chemical change. This time you are
going to explore how these chemical changes happen.
What is Chemical Reaction?
A chemical reaction is a process of substances
changed into a new form of chemicals. Zinc and sulfur
react with each other to form zinc sulfide. In other words,
we could write the chemical reaction as:
zinc + sulfur → zinc sulfide
The shorthand expression of a chemical reaction is to use
the symbols and chemical formulas involved:
Zn + S → ZnS
In the example shown above, substances at the
left side of the arrow sign in the equation are called
reactants. On the other hand, chemicals at the right side
of the arrow sign are called products.
Reactants are any substances involved before a
chemical process. Products are substances produced after
the chemical process.
“Nothing is lost, nothing is created, everything is
transformed” -Antoine Lavoisier
The scientific law explains that nothing is lost in
a chemical reaction. The sum of masses of the reactants is
exactly equal to all the masses of the product.
What are the Types of Chemical Reactions?
(Adapted from Science 10 Learner’s Module)
1. Combination (Synthesis) Reaction. A type of
reaction where two or more substances are
transformed into one but complex compound.
The general formula of this type of chemical
reaction is shown below.
A + B —> AB
One example of a combination or synthesis
reaction is the reaction of iron (Fe) and Sulfur (S)
to form iron sulfide.
Fe(s) + S(s) —>FeS(s)
2. Decomposition Reaction. Another type of
chemical reaction where a more complex
substance decomposes or breaks down into a
simple form. A general equation for this type of
chemical reaction is shown below.
AB —> A + B
An example of this reaction is the electrolysis of
water to form hydrogen and oxygen gas.
H2O(l) —> H2(g) + O2(g)
3. Single Displacement (Replacement) Reaction.
A type of reaction where a more reactive element
replaces a less reactive element to form a new
compound. The general formula for this type of
reaction is shown below.
A + BC —> AC + B
Magnesium is more reactive than hydrogen. It has
now the capacity to replace one atom of hydrogen
in a water molecule that yields magnesium
hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
Mg(s) + 2H2O(l) —> H2(g) + Mg (OH)2(aq)
4. Double Displacement Reaction (Metathesis).
This chemical reaction happens when two
different ions switch places with each other to
form new compounds. A generic form of this
chemical reaction is shown below:
AB + CD —> AD + CB
 An example of this type of reaction is the reaction _______________________________________
between barium chloride and magnesium sulfate. _______________________________________
During this process, magnesium and barium _______________________________________
replaces each other to form barium sulfate & 4. What type of chemical reaction was observed?
magnesium chloride. Explain your answer.
_______________________________________
BaCl2 + MgSO4 —> BaSO4 + MgCl2 _______________________________________
_______________________________________
5. Combustion Reaction. It occurs when oxygen
combines with a highly flammable compound Activity 2: What Type of Chemical Reaction?
with the application of heat to produce water,
carbon dioxide, and heat. A simple example is Direction: Classify the following unbalanced chemical
burning methane. equations according to the six types of chemical
reactions. Write the letter of the correct answer on a
CH4 + 2O2 —> O2 + 2H2O + heat separate paper.
A. Synthesis B. Decomposition
6. Acid-Base Reaction. A unique and specific C. Single displacement
example of a double displacement reaction where D. Double displacement
acid and base react with each other. The hydrogen E. Combustion
ion of the acid reacts with the hydroxide ion to F. Acid-base
form a salt substance. Water is also produced as a
by-product. An example is the reaction of acetic 1. Na3PO4 + KOH ➔ NaOH + K3PO4
acid with sodium bicarbonate. In this process, a _______
salt substance, water, and carbon dioxide are 2. MgCl2 + Li2CO3➔MgCO3 + LiCl
formed. _______
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 —> NaCH3COO + H2O + CO2
3. C6H12 + O2 ➔ CO2 + H2O
_______
Let Us Practice 4. Pb + FeSO4 ➔ PbSO4 + Fe
_______
Activity 1: Inflating a Balloon with Chemical 5. CaCO3➔CaO + CO2
Reaction _______
6. P4+ O2➔ 2 P2O3
_______
7. RbNO3 + BeF2➔ Be (NO3)2 + RbF
_______
8. AgNO3 + Cu ➔ Cu (NO3)2 + Ag
_______
9. N2 + 3H2 2NH3
_______
10. NH4Cl NH3 + HCl
Materials Needed: _______
rubber balloon, plastic bottle, funnel, vinegar, baking soda
Procedure: Let Us Remember
1. Place about two or three teaspoonfuls of baking
soda inside the balloon • A chemical reaction is a process of one or more
2. Pour the vinegar 1-2 cups into the bottle. substances converted to one or more different
3. Fit the balloon surrounding the rim of the plastic compounds.
bottle. Take note not to drop the baking soda yet • Reactants are materials before a chemical
into the vinegar. reaction takes place.
4. Hold the balloon and allow the baking soda to • Products are substances produced after a
fall into the vinegar. chemical reaction.
5. Observe the interaction between the baking soda • There are six types of chemical reaction:
and vinegar. Observe its effect on the balloon. synthesis, decomposition, single displacement,
6. Write your observations on a separate sheet of double displacement, combustion, and acid-base.
paper. • Law of Conservation of Mass, developed by
Guide Questions: Sir Antoine Lavoisier, states that mass is
1. What do you observe when baking soda and conserved in a chemical reaction. The total mass
vinegar came in contact with one another? of the reactants is equal to the total mass of the
_______________________________________ products.
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
2. What is being produced during the reaction?
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
_______________________________________
3. What happened to the balloon attached to the
bottle?