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التجربة 14
التجربة 14
82
Power and Machine Lab Third year
The excitation of the generator is then adjusted so that the voltage of the
generator and the a.c. mains on the synchronizing switch are exactly the same
making use of the double voltmeter on the panel. Then the speed of the
generator is adjusted so that the frequencies of the generator and the bus are
the same on the double frequency meter on the panel. The synchroscope on the
panel is of the rotating type. The speed of rotation of the pointer will be high if
the difference in frequencies is high. This speed decreases as the frequency
difference is reduced. The correct moment of synchronization is when the
pointer comes to the middle position pointing downwards. At this instant the
"zero voltmeter" read zero. The synchronizing switch (S3) is then closed, there
by synchronizing the generator with the bus bar.
Constant Output Power Operation:-
1. The prime mover field is adjusted so that the synchronous machine just
"floats" on the bus bar, that is, it neither absorbs nor delivers power (that
is, W=0). For this condition, If the excitation of the synchronous
generator is changed, taking care that the machine does not exceed the
rated current. The readings of Ia, If,, and V are noted. (V is kept constant
at its rated value).
2. The above test is repeated for two more values of output power fed
into the bus bars. This is done by reducing the prime mover excitation.
The readings of Ia, If and V are noted as before.
Results:-
1. Calculate the power factor in each case, using V, Ia and P.
2. Calculate Q, the reactive volt amp=√3 ˜ sin ∅ .
3. Plot Q, Ia, and p.f. against If on x-axis. Indicate in the diagram the
regions of lagging and leading P.Fs.
4. Explain with phasor diagram how the operating p.f. of the generator
changes when the excitation is varied.
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Power and Machine Lab Third year
Fig. (1)
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Power and Machine Lab Third year
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