Week

 5  

Fabrica'on
 Introduc)on  

• Computer  Graphics  
– Display  imagery  on  the  screen  

• Fabrica'on  
– Construc'on  of  3D  physical  objects.  

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 Personal  Fabrica)on  Machines  
3D  model  in  a  computer  → directly  “print”  physical  
objects.  

“Mojo 3D Printer” by Intel Free Press   “Roland  MDX-­‐15/20-­‐”   “Lasersaur” by Stefan  Hechenberger  
CC  BY-­‐SA  2.0 by Crea've  Tools,  CC  BY  2.0 CC  BY-­‐NC-­‐SA  2.0

3D  printer   Milling  machine   Laser  cuAer  

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 SIGGRAPH  2007

Plushie:  An  Interac've  Design  

System  for  Plush  Toys  
Yuki  Mori,  Takeo  Igarashi  

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 Problem  to  Address  
It  is  difficult  for  a  non-­‐expert  to    
design  2D  paAern  appropriately…  

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 Our  Approach  

Automa'cally  generate  3D  model  and  

cloth  paAern  for  a  sketch.  
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Video  

plushie.mp4

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Algorithm  

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 Infla'on  Simula'on  

Pushing  outwards   Pulling  back  

(air  pressure) (cloth  tension)

We  use  a  simple  mass-­‐spring  method.  

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 Adjustment  Process  

Adjusts  the  paAern  so  that  simula'on  result  matches  

with  the  sketch
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Physical  Simula'on  &  Shape  Adjustment  

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 To  Learn  More…
The  original  paper:  
• Mori  and  Igarashi.  Plushie:  An  Interac've  Design  System  for  Plush  Toys.  
SIGGRAPH  2007.  
Paper  cra=  model:  
• Mitani  and  Suzuki.  Making  paper  craf  toys  from  meshes    
           using  strip-­‐based  approximate  unfolding.  SIGGRAPH  2004.  
Surface  flaAening  methods:  
[Mitani  and  Suzuki  2004]  
• Sheffer,  et  al.  Mesh  parameteriza'on  methods     (Figure  obtained  from    
           and  their  applica'ons.  Founda'ons  and  Trends     hAp://mitani.cs.tsukuba.ac.jp/pukiwiki/  
with  permission)  
             in  Computer  Graphics  and  Vision.  2006.  
 

[Sheffer,  et  al.  2006]  

Copyright  2006  Now  Publishers  Inc.  Included  here  by  permission.  

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 SIGGRAPH  2012

Beady: Interactive Beadwork Design

and Construction

Y.  Igarashi,  T.  Igarashi  and  J.  Mitani  

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Problem to Address
§ Beadwork  is  the  art  of  connec'ng  beads  together  by  
wires.  

3D
The  design  and  construc'on  of  3D  beadwork  are  very  
difficult  !
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Our Approach
§ Interac've  Design  and  Construc'on  

§ Wire  path  planning  algorithm  

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Demo  

demo beady 19
Examples  

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Algorithm  

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Computing Wire Path

• An  edge  corresponds  to  a  bead  

• A  wire  path  is  given  as  an  Eulerian  Circuit  

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Computing Wire Path

unstable  (dangling)  beads Face  strip   Final  wire  path

• Arbitrary  Euler  cycle  is  not  stable  

• Make  an  Euler  cycle  along  a  face  strip  
• Face  strip  is  given  as  a  Hamilton  path  
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Stripification Results

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 To  Learn  More…
The  original  paper:  
• Igarashi,  et  al.  Beady:  Interac've  Beadwork  Design  and  Construc'on.  
SIGGRAPH  2012.  
Step-­‐by-­‐step  instruc)on:  
• Agrawala,  et  al.  Designing  effec've  step-­‐by-­‐step    
           assembly  instruc'ons.  SIGGRAPH  2003.  
Surface  Simplifica)on  :   [Agrawala,  et  al.  2003]  
Copyright  2003  ACM.  Included  here  by  permission.  
• Cohen-­‐Steiner,  et  al.  Varia'onal  shape    
           approxima'on.  SIGGRAPH  2004.  
 
 

[Cohen-­‐Steiner,  et  al.  2004]  

Copyright  2004  ACM.  Included  here  by  permission.  

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 TEI 2011

SketchChair:  An  All-­‐in-­‐one  Chair  

Design  System  for  End-­‐users  
Greg Saul, Manfred Lau, Jun Mitani, and Takeo Igarashi

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 Problem  to  Address  
Design  and  construc'on  of  original  chairs.  

Many  issues  to  consider  

• Physical  validity  
• Construc'on

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 Our  Approach  
A  design  system  specialized  for  chairs.  

• Design  by  sketching  

• Balance  test  
• Construc'on  plan

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Demo  

chair
chair.mov
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 Physical  Simula)on  
We  use  an  open-­‐source  physics  engine.  
[Bullet    bulletphysics.org]

Bullet  Collision  Detec)on  and  Physics  Library  

Copyright  (c)  2012  Advanced  Micro  Devices,  Inc.  
hAp://bulletphysics.org  

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 Meta-design  
Designers  design  final  products.  

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 Meta-design  
Designers  design  final  products.  

Designers  design  “design  processes.”  

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 To  Learn  More…
The  original  paper:  
• Saul,  et  al.  SketchChair:  An  All-­‐in-­‐one  Chair  
Design  System  for  End-­‐users.  TEI  2011.  

Rigid-­‐body  Physical  Simula)on:  

• Baraff.  Rigid  body  simula'on.  SIGGRAPH  
[Baraff  1992]  
Course  Notes  1995.   (©2001  by  David  Baraff)  
• bulletphysics.org    
     
Furniture  design  by  sketching:  
• FRONT  Sketch  Furniture.  2006,  
hAp://www.youtube.com/watch?
v=_UieXOHAjeU  
“Process”  in  “Collec)on:  Sketch  Furniture”  
(Figure  obtained  from  hAp://www.designfront.org/category.php?id=81&product=191  with  permission)  

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 Pacific  Graphics  2013

Sof  Folding  

Lifeng  Zhu   Takeo  Igarashi   Jun  Mitani  

The University of Tokyo" The University of Tokyo" University of Tsukuba"
JST ERATO" JST ERATO" JST ERATO"

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 Mo'va'on  

Design  of  so#ly  folded  shapes  

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 Our  Approach  

Fold  map  

Fold  map  with  sof  folds-­‐>  3D  shape  

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Video  

soft
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Results  

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Results  

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 Workflow  

fold  map   fold  field   folded  shape  

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Implementa'on  

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 Fold  field  genera'on  
• Sharp folds: Align with fold curve’s tangents
• Soft folds
– Diffusion in non-overlapping region
– Blending fold operations in overlapping region

A   B   C  

Find  a  fold  C  closest  to  both  fold  A  and  fold  B  

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Implementa'on  

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 Global  folding  

Shape  matching  
(local  matching)  

Linear  rota)onal-­‐invariant  coordinates   (global  assembling)  

[Lipman  et.al  2005]  
Local/global  opera)on  
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 To  Learn  More…
The  original  paper:  
• Zhu,  et  al.  Sof  Folding.  Pacific  Graphics  2013.  
Developable  Surfaces:  
• Solomon.  Flexible  Developable  Surfaces.  SGP  
2012.   [Solomon  2012]  
(Figure  obtained  from  hAp://web.stanford.edu/
Origami  Simulator   ~justso1/  
with  permission)  
• Miyazaki,    et  al.  An  origami  playing  simulator  
in  the  virtual  space.  Visualiza'on  and  
Computer  Anima'on.  1996.  
Origami  Theory:  
• Demaine  and  O’Rourke:  Geometric  Folding  
Algorithms:  Linkages,  Origami,  Polyhedra.  
Cambridge  Univ.  Press,  2007.  
[Demaine  and  O’Rourke  2007]  

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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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 UIST 2012
PacCam: Material Capture and Interactive 2D Packing
for Efficient Material Usage on CNC Cutting Machines

Daniel Saakes, Thomas Cambazard, Jun Mitani & Takeo Igarashi

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 Motivation

How to make an efficient layout within a given Material?

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 Our Approach

Overlap free layout that fits within the given material.

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Video  

paccam
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 Interac'ons

Push Compress

Tilt Collision Snapping

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 Collision  Snapping

Temporarily disable collision detection

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 Implementa'on
We  use  an  open-­‐source  physics  engine.  
[box2d http://box2d.org ]

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 To  Learn  More…
The  original  paper:  
• Saakes  et  al.  PacCAM:  Material  Capture  and  Interac've  
2D  Packing  for  Efficient  Material  Usage  on  CNC  Cuwng  
Machines.  UIST  2013.  

Mul)-­‐touch  Interac)on:  
• Rekimoto.  SmartSkin:  an  infrastructure  for  freehand    
           manipula'on  on  interac've  surfaces.  CHI  2002.   [Rekimoto  2002]  
(Figure  obtained  from  
  hAp://lab.rekimoto.org/2011/12/28/rear-­‐touch-­‐user-­‐interface/  with  permission)  

Controlling  Laser  CuAers:  

• Müller,  et  al.  Interac've  construc'on:  interac've    
           fabrica'on  of  func'onal  mechanical  devices.  UIST  2012.  

  [Müller,  et  al.  2012]  

(Figure  obtained  hAp://stefaniemueller.org/constructable-­‐interac)ve-­‐laserculng/  with  permission)  
 
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 Fabrica'on
• Plush toys
• Beadworks
• Chairs
• Soft Folding
• Interactive Packing

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