Q = m * Cp * ΔT

where

Q: Heat duty (kW)

m: Mass flow rate (kg/hr)

Cp: Specific heat capacity (kJ/kg °C)

ΔT: Temperature difference (°C)

For the shell side (hydrogen), we have:

m = 3 kg/hr

Cp = 10.2 kJ/kg °C (at 370 °C, source: Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook)

ΔT = 370 - 40 = 330 °C

So, Q_shell = 3 * 10.2 * 330 = 10,098 kW

For the tube side (cooling water), we need to assume a flow rate for the calculation. Let's assume a
flow rate of 50 m3/hr. Then:

m = 50,000 kg/hr

Cp = 4.18 kJ/kg °C (at 35 °C, assuming an average temperature)

ΔT = 35 - 30 = 5 °C

So, Q_tube = 50,000 * 4.18 * 5 = 1,045 kW

The overall heat transfer coefficient, U, depends on the design and operating parameters of the heat
exchanger, such as tube material, tube size, tube layout, shell diameter, baffle spacing, etc. For this
calculation, let's assume a value of U = 500 W/m2 °C.

The required heat transfer area, A, is calculated as:

A = Q / (U * ΔTm)

where
ΔTm: Logarithmic mean temperature difference (°C)

ΔTm is calculated as:

ΔTm = (ΔT1 - ΔT2) / ln(ΔT1 / ΔT2)

where

ΔT1: Temperature difference on one side (°C)

ΔT2: Temperature difference on the other side (°C)

Let's assume a value of ΔT2 = 10 °C. Then:

ΔT1 = 370 - 30 = 340 °C for the shell side

ΔT1 = 40 - 35 = 5 °C for the tube side

So, ΔTm = (340 - 10) / ln(340 / 10) = 157.5 °C

The required heat transfer area is:

A = (10,098 + 1,045) / (500 * 157.5) = 0.153 m2

We can select a standard shell and tube heat exchanger with a suitable diameter and length to
provide this area. The specific dimensions and other design parameters depend on the vendor and
the application requirements. It is important to ensure that the selected heat exchanger can
withstand the design pressure and temperature, and that the material of construction is compatible
with the fluids and the environment.

To select a standard shell and tube heat exchanger with a suitable diameter and length, we need to
consider several factors, such as the pressure rating, material of construction, flow rate, and
temperature range. Based on the given design parameters and heat duty, a suitable heat exchanger
can be selected as follows:

Shell diameter: Let's assume a standard shell diameter of 6 inches (152.4 mm), which is a common
size for small to medium-duty applications.
Number of tubes: The number of tubes can be selected based on the desired velocity, pressure drop,
and heat transfer area. For this calculation, let's assume 30 tubes, which can provide an area of
approximately 0.15 m2 (assuming a tube length of 1 meter and a tube outer diameter of 16 mm).

Tube material: Based on the given material of construction, SS316L can be selected for the tubes,
which is compatible with both hydrogen and cooling water.

Tube layout: A triangular or square pitch arrangement can be used, depending on the flow rates and
pressure drop requirements.

Baffles: Baffles can be installed inside the shell to improve the heat transfer efficiency and prevent
the tubes from sagging or vibrating.

Length: The length of the heat exchanger can be calculated based on the number of tubes and the
required heat transfer area. Assuming a tube length of 1 meter, the required length can be
calculated as follows:

L = A / (π * Do * Nt)

where

L: Heat exchanger length (m)

A: Heat transfer area (m2)

Do: Tube outer diameter (m)

Nt: Number of tubes

Substituting the values, we get:

L = 0.153 / (π * 0.016 * 30) = 0.324 m

Let's assume a standard length of 1 meter, which is commonly available.

Therefore, a suitable standard shell and tube heat exchanger can be selected with the following
specifications:
Shell diameter: 6 inches

Number of tubes: 30

Tube material: SS316L

Tube layout: Triangular or square pitch

Baffles: Installed inside the shell

Length: 1 meter

It is important to note that the actual dimensions and other design parameters may vary depending
on the vendor and the application requirements.