CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Due to public speaking anxiety, some people became restless and having anxieties
when they have to speak in front of audience. In today’s time and age good communication
skills are needed the most at all levels.

According to Raja (2013). Communication has become one of the markers of social
solidarity, social ranking and professional capabilities and most of the components of the
language are learned through this medium (p154).

More over, Morgan (2008) lists few things that hold great importance during a speech
or presentation (a) intent to be open with your audience,(b) intent to connect in the audience,
(c) intent to listen to your audience.

Indeed, Burgees (2013) (October 30) reports that according to a survet on common
Phobia, fear of public speaking was found to be a more pressing concern that death.

However, the presentation procedure should be transcactional with a constant change

of floor between the presentor and the audience. Simple yet effective strategy on overcoming
the fear of public speaking as well as delivering good presentation. Presentation should start
by describing effective styles for starting and ending a speech. Kushner (2010).

However students regard speaking as an essential skills to function in another country,

enroll in language classes with speaking as a principal goal, which is the basis upon which
students makes adjustments in their learned language system.

But then, according to the study of Abad, K (2012) Entitled. The effect of oral recitation
of short stories on speaking skills in Iranian High School Students, Guilan Payam University,
the school states that speaking is the main element in developing each language skill and in
conveying cultural knowledge.
 On the other hand, Since speaking is important for most of the students, teacher should
equip themselves with upto date techniques and methods of teaching this skills. One of these
ways is using oral summary related to cognitive strategy. Since it it just a little study work exist
with this regard, this study is crucial as it provides fruitful evidence on the nature of this inves-
tigation. (Abad, 2012)