02 叙事记叙文

第一部分 叙事作文体裁解读及写法点拨

叙事作文体裁解读

事件描述即讲述事情的经过，这类的文章对初中生来讲，大多是涉及自己的成长历程、校园生活的点

演回忆、 令人动容的难忘时刻、不愿不挠的奋斗故事，你来我往的人际关系，以及旅行过程的所见所间 。

这些话题无非是要求学生能够通过自己的视角再现事件，借此来行发情怀成防志向上、从体故上来说大部

分属于记叙文，也有部分是夹叙夹议的形式，要通过审题来决定具体体裁。

从结构上来讲， 这类文章是有规可情的。一般来说， 文章都要开头点题 :中间部分重点操述事件、记

忆等，这部分是重点，语言方面的掌握和修养是决定整篇文章档次的主要评分依报 :最后可在结尾部分进行

感情升华，要注意文章得出的结论都应是积极向上的。

有了大致的结构，记叙文的重点就应该放在中间叙事部分，这部分要想写得出彩，就要做到叙事既准

确 清 晰 又 生 动 有 趣 。 如 何 做 到 准 确 清 晰 ? 最 基 本 的 是 交 代 好 五 大 要 素 ， 即 who( 人 物 ) 、 when( 时 间 ) 、

where(地点)、what(事情经过)、how(感受)，有了这些基本要素，基本内容就有了。如何做到生动有趣?这

就需要学生平日里的语言积累和修养来发挥作用、句式句型丰富多彩、词汇表达地道精确，选择使用连接

词和过渡词使得记叙通畅，这些做到了自然就会为文章添彩，否则文章就只是描述事件的流水账，索然无

味。另外，这部分般是描述过去发生的事情， 要注意时态要用过去时。

在 中 小 学 生 英 语 课 程 标 准 中 ， 初 中 阶 段 的 内 容 与 要 求 中 所 提 到 的 基 本 素 村 ， 比 如 changes and

development( 变 化 与 发 展 ) ， cultures and customs( 文 化 习 俗 ) ， neighborhood and surroundings( 生 活 环 境 ) ，

subjects(学科) ，recreation and sports (娱乐与运动)、social communication (社会交际)，social relationships(人

际关系)，trips and journeys(旅行)等素材的写作都会涉及事件描述。

叙事写法点拨

在写记事文章的时候，我们可以分成以下三部分来写:

1 事情的开端。交代时间，地点、人物和事情的起因等。在这部分的写作中，不用详细地展开，只需

简单交代，并可使用“设置悬念”等写作手法。

2 事情的经过和高潮。详细描写事情是怎么开始，发展、并达到高潮的。这部分是文章的中心，所以

一定要具体、详细地描写出事情发展全过程的细节，要尽量地真实、引人人胜。
 3.事情的结尾。这部分简单地进行描写就行，还可在这部分加上一些自己获得的启发和教训，但无须

详细展开，用一两句话带过就行。

第二部分 叙事记叙文万能模板

①I can't （事件）without （人物）。

②I remember clearly when I （事件），I felt （感想）。My parents （做法）。They

told me that and what I should do was .I was touched and made up my mind

To （决心）.

③It is （人物）that .

模板内容要点

① 开篇点题

② 具体叙述事情

③ 呼应主题

注：

模板内容可根据题目要求和具体情况取舍。

第三部分 必备词汇与套用句型
必备亮点词汇

1.叙事顺序

first, to begin with, first of all, firstly 首先

secondly, then, besides, what's more, in addition, moreover 然后

at last, last but not least, above all, all in all, to sum up, on the whole, finally 最后

2 时间描写

after .....之...后 after a short /long time/period 在一段很短/很长的时间后 afterwards 后来;然后

as soon as ...一......就...... from that time on 从那时起 immediately 立刻;立即

lately 最近;近来;不久前 nowadays 现在;如今 recently 最近

shortly 马上;立刻 since then 从那时起 when, while ...的时候

3.地点词汇
 church 教堂 tower 塔 bridge 桥 station 车站

dormitory 宿含 supermarket 超市 shop 商店 hospital 医院

theater 剧院 playground 操场 cinema 电影院 museum 博物馆

4.动作描写

go out for a picnic 去野餐 have a party 举行聚会 go camping 去露营

ride a horse 骑马 Have a walk 散步 fly kites 放风筝

take photos 拍照 hurry to..匆忙赶到... see a doctor 看医生

set off 出发 watch the match 看比赛 climb mountains 爬山

5.结尾词汇

thanks to 多亏 as a result 结果 luckily 幸运地

because/ because of 因为 at last/ in the end 最后 .......

经典套用句型

闪亮篇首句

(1) One day / The other day / A couple of days ago while he ....一天/前几天当他正.... ....

(2) it was snowing /raining heavily on Monday /Sunday morning when...星期一/星期天早上，正在下着大雪

/雨，....

(3) AII through my junior high school, I couldn't forget..在我整个的初中生涯中，我不能忘记....

(4) Last week, when I was on my way home, something terrible happened.上个星期，当我在回家路上的时

候，一些糟糕的事情发生了

(5) The event took place/happened /occurred in the early morning.那件事情发生在一大早。

出彩篇中句

(1) Without hesitation, I decided to give him a hand.毫不犹豫，我决定帮助

(2)It was my first time to Mount Tai.那是我第一次去泰山。

(3) We spent many hours talking happily 我们愉快地交谈了几个小时。

(4) The line of people was endless.人们排成的队伍看不到尽头。

精彩篇尾句

(1) r never forget he day when we visited the farm.我将永远不会忘记我们参观农场的那一天。

(2) What a pleasant trip!多么愉快的一次旅行啊!

(3) This will be an unforgettable experience. 这将会是一次难忘的经历。

(4) I have never seen a comedy like that.我从未看过那样的喜剧。

 (5) 1 had fun at the party tonight. 今晚我在聚会上玩得很愉快。

第四部分 模板范文演练

（吉林）回顾三年的初中生活，父母的教诲与支持始终伴你成长，使你进步。那些发生在你与父母之

间的故事，看似平淡却值得回味与珍藏。请以“The Story of My Progress”为题，写一篇文章。

要求：1.讲述一件发生在你与父母之间的事情，可适度发挥。

2.词数 80 字左右，文中不得出现真实的姓名与学校名称。

The Story of My Progress

万能模板套用分析

首先，引出话题，点明写作目的。

其次，叙述具体的故事。

最后，再次点明主题。

满分范文

The Story of My Progress

I can't make any progress without my parents' help.①

I remember clearly when I didn't pass an exam and made my parents disappointed, I felt so sorry and sad and

even did not want to go home.(句式多变原则，when 引导时间状语从句，从句和主句中 and 分别连接两个谓

语 。 ） My parents found me at school and tried to comfort me.They told me that one time of failure did not

determine my whole life and what I should do was to overcome every difficulty and try to get a higher score in the

next exam. I was touched and made up my mind（短语优先原则。）to study even harder.②

It is my parents that help me make great progress.③

你也可以这样表达
①I must say that my progress has connected with my parents closely.

②Hearing what they said,I decided to try my best and study even harder.

③Thanks to my parents,I have made great progress.

范文译文

我进步的故事

没有父母的帮助，我不能取得任何进步。

我记得很清楚，当我考试不及格，让父母失望的时候，我觉得非常抱歉又难过，甚至不想回家。爸爸

妈妈在学校里找到了我，并尽力安慰我。他们告诉我，一次失败并不能决定我的整个人生。我应该做的就

是克服每一个困难，努力在下次考试中取得更高的分数。我觉得很感动，下决心要更加努力学习。

正是我父母帮助我取得了那么大的进步。

第五部分 中考真题黄金模板运用满分作文

（2022·新疆·中考真题）

初中生活即将结束，静坐在考场中的你，回想三年的学习和生活，一定有许多事情给你留下美好的记

忆，请选择一件你最难忘的事情写一篇短文。

例如：1.一次难忘的旅行

2.一次难忘的比赛

3.一次难忘的志愿服务

……

要求：1.语句通顺，意思连贯，内容详实，语法正确，书写规范；

2.文中不得出现真实人名、校名：

3.词数：80-120，开头已给出，开头及标点符号不计入总词数。

Looking back at these past three years, I had a lot of sweet memories…

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【参考范文】

I can't swim easily without my swimming coach.I remember clearly when I decided to learn to swim last

summer vacation ，I felt afraid of swimming in the water. But the coach said he would protect me. Then I started

swimming, but I couldn’t swim forward at all.He told me how to move and swim with my hands and legs. A few

days later, I could swim by myself. I was very excited and proud of myself.

It is the coach that let me know nothing is impossible if I put my heart into it and try to do it bravely. .

【详解】

1.题干解读：本文主要讲述一件令你最难忘的事情，可适当增加细节。

2.写作指导：本文以一般过去时为主，人称以第一人称为主。第一段已给出；第二段主要讲述令你难忘的

事情是什么；最后一段讲述自己的感受。写作时运用不同的句式和短语使文章层次清晰、逻辑清楚，做到

无单词拼写和语法错误。

（2022·甘肃定西·中考真题）

以“being lost”为主题，根据以下提示信息写一篇 80 词左右的短文。

The pictures are provided to help you think about this topic.

Pay attention to the following points when you plan your composition.

●Where was Mary?

●What was Mary doing?

●What happened to her?

●What did Mary feel when seeing her mother?

The following words may help you:

●crowded with visitors

 ●so interested in the animals

●no one around

●turn to …

要求：

1.条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥；

2.文中不能出现其他人名和地名等信息；

3.在答题卡的相应位置作答。

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【参考范文】

Mary could hardly find the way back home without her mother on a Sunday afternoon.

She remembers clearly when she went to the zoo with her mother ，The zoo was crowded with visitors. Near

the gate of the zoo stood two pretty giraffes. Mary had never seen such amazing animals before. She was so

interested in the animals that she looked at every small movement of them carefully. After a while, she wanted to

tell her mother what she’d found about these animals. However, she noticed there was no one around. She felt

afraid and worried, but she remembered that her mother told her not to move when being lost. So she waited for her

mother just at the gate of the zoo. Soon after, she saw her mother walking to the gate anxiously. When seeing her

mother, Mary was happy and ran to her mother.

It is her mother that told her what to do when being lost.It is important that we should be calm down to come

up with ideas.

【详解】

1. 题干解读：题目要求根据提示要点，结合图片提示进行详细地描述故事的发生以及过程及结果，可

以适当的发挥，写作时要运用正确的英语表达，要选用恰当的词汇和短语。
2. 写作指导：写作时要紧密结合所给出的要点内容，本文应该用第三人称来介绍内容；时态采用一般过去

时；在介绍内容时，力求语言准确，内容完整，保证行文连贯，条理清晰。

（2022·吉林长春·中考真题）

疫情（the COVID-19 pandemic）期间，总有些特别的事使你心存感恩。某英文网站正在开展以“疫情

故事”为主题的征文活动，请用英文写一篇不少于 80 词的短文投稿，讲述一段疫情期间的故事（人与人的

互助或自身的成长等），写出你的感受与收获。

要求：1.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；2.文中不得出现真实的姓名和校名。

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【参考范文】

My couldn’t get enough food During the COVID-19 pandemic without my neighbor Mr Huang.

I remember clearly when we had to stay at home Because of the COVID-19 ， we had little food to eat.

Ordering food online was very difficult at first.I felt terrified .Mr Huang knew everything happened to my family.

He sent many vegetables and fruit to me. Our family were moved by what he had done. We also realized that we

should pass this love one by one. Small actions can make a big difference.

It is Mr Huang that make me realize that we should help others in need. Helping others is helping yourself.

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇材料作文。介绍疫情期间发生的一个故事。

2.写作指导：本文采用一般过去时，人称以第一人称和第三人称为主。分为三段式：第一段引出主题；第

二段讲述发生在自己身边的故事；最后一段总结概括。写作时保持主谓一致性，做到无语法和标点错误。
 D

（2022·黑龙江·中考真题）

图示作文：仔细观察图片，展开合理想象，然后写一篇短文。

提示词：holiday, activities, colorful, meaningful, museum.

要求：1.词数：80-100 之间。

2.字迹工整，语法正确，意思连贯，合乎逻辑，可适当发挥。

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【参考范文】

Xiao Li and her classmates couldn't have colorful and meaningful life without activities in the holiday.

He remembers clearly they didn’t feel very excited about it before they took part in many activities In the

holiday. Xiao Li joined the art club, and she practiced handwriting carefully. Some girls joined the cooking

club.Their parents thought it was a waste of time. They only needed to study. But children were really fond of

cooking. Some were in the sports club to do exercise, such as running and playing basketball. Others went to the

history museum. There they learned a lot about the heroes in their hometown. They made great contributions to

their hometown. Children admired them very much.

It is the holiday activities that all the children fell in love with .They would leave sweet memories during their

lifetime. What colorful and meaningful activities they had!

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇看图作文。要求根据图片和提示内容进行写作，注意要点齐全，可适当

发挥。

2.写作指导：写作时要以第三人称来行文，时态用一般现在时。作文可分为两段，第一段介绍图片中的孩

子们做了哪些假日活动；第二段总结。要保证语言连贯，无语法和拼写错误。

（2022·湖北湖北·中考真题）

饮食不当，可能会诱发多种疾病。以下图片是李华同学的一次就诊经历，请结合图片及所给提示词，

发挥你的想象，用英语写一篇不少于 80 词的短文，讲述一下他经历了什么，以后要注意些什么。文中不得

出现真实的姓名和校名。

提示词：at the clinic (诊所)；junk food；stomachache；medicine

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【参考范文】

Li Hua couldn't fall ill without eating junk food last night.

He remembers clearly when he went to bed ，he felt stomachache and his father took him to a clinic right

away.He said he ate lots of junk food after dinner.A nurse listened to him carefully and then, the nurse took him to

see a doctor. The doctor examined him carefully. He told him to take some medicine and rest in bed.

It is the junk food that make him sick .Junk food is delicious, but it is not so healthy. We should eat regularly

and do sports often. The better living habits are, the healthier we’ll be.

【详解】1.题干解读：本文是一篇看图作文。根据图片以及图片上的词汇展开想象写一篇作文，关于李华

的就诊经历。

2.写作指导：本文时态采用一般过去时行文；人称以第三人称为主。结合题干内容和图片可知李华应该是

肚子疼。所以可以围绕这一点展开叙述。写作时确保语句通顺，无单词语法错误。
中考英语写作讲义