Lesson 6

Agricultural Arts
Agriculture is the growing of
plants or raising of animals
for human use, enjoyment
and for economic stability
of the community.
It is the cultivation of plants
and animals for food, fuel,
and other products.

Agriculture is man’s most important source of food.

Plant production the cultivation
of agricultural crops, ornamental
plants and edible mushrooms for
human use.
Animal husbandry is the branch
of agriculture concerned with
animals that are raised for meat,
fibre, milk, or other products.
 Principles, Practices and Techniques in Backyard
Gardening/Agriculture

Agricultural productivity is the measure of the quantity of

output/harvest with a given quantity of inputs

Inputs are:
fertilizer,
seed,
labor force,
farm capital
utilization
Principles, Practices and Techniques in Backyard Gardening/Agriculture

Agricultural production involves

the utilization of resources such
as soil, water and energy.
It is the ways in which a farmer
makes use of available resources.

cultivating soil
planting
raising and harvesting crops
rearing, feeding and managing animals.
Principles, Practices and Techniques in Backyard Gardening/Agriculture

Agricultural production is not

only fundamental to
improving nutrition, but is also
the main source of income for
many and the key to solve
issues on hunger.

It is affected by the amount of food we grow and produce; the

amount of land we use; and the natural and environmental factors
that cause damage to both crops and land.
Principles, Practices and Techniques in Backyard Gardening/Agriculture

Agriculture extends far

beyond farming and offers a
vast array of career
opportunities in: plant
sciences, technology, the food
sector, and in other fields.
 VARIOUS AGRICULTURAL ACTIVITIES

• Improving of the environment of the plants

grown, the animals raised and cultured fish
a. preparation of soil for planting
b. use of fertilizers
c. killing of injurious insects and pests
d. sheltering and feeding of animals
• Improving the usefulness of the plants and
animals
a. selective breeding
b. technology application
 Key Factors to Consider for Successful Agro-Farming
Agro farming is the specialized operations dedicated to
the cultivation and production of crops, livestock, or both.

1 Soil Quality
2 Crop Selection
3 Animal Breed
4 Water Management
5 Equipment Selection
Key Factors to Consider for Successful Agro-Farming
Agro farming is the practice of cultivating crops and
rearing animals for food, fuel, and other products.

6. Farm Layout
7. Pest Control
8. Market Demand
9. Labor Management
10. Environmental
11. Sustainability
 Benefits from Animal Production
• source of high-quality food
• generates income and
employment
• creates a system where energy
and nutrients are recycled
• increases soil fertility and
convert non-edible biomas into
food (rice straw, grass, waste
and manure)
 Major Preparations in Crop Production
1. Soil Treatment – to kill the disease
causing organisms, insects and some
weed seeds in the soil.
This could be done by sterilizing
the soil by:
boiling method;
baking method;
burning straw;
fumigation; and
drenching.
Major Preparations in Crop Production

2. Weeding – pulling or removing

the weeds including the roots to
prevent its growth.

3. Cultivating – keeping the soil

lose and in crumble condition to
allow the oxygen circulate into
the roots
Major Preparations in Crop Production

4. Mulching – spreading dried

straw/hull/leaves or other organic
materials to inhibit the growth of
weeds and prevent fast
evaporation of moisture from the
ground surrounding the roots.

5. Controlling Insects, pests, and

diseases – preventing the enemies
in the garden to protect the crop
Major Preparations in Crop Production

6. Building Trellis – keeping the fruits

above the ground to protect them
form wind and stepping

7. Using elevated beds – serves as

the built-in drainage during rainy
season.
Major Preparations in Crop Production

8. Transplanting – this must be done

late in the afternoon to give them a
head start in the new environment

9. Irrigation and water system -

provision of enough water supply
Major Preparations in Crop Production

10. Crop rotation – changing the

variety of crops planted in each
season to restore the fertility of
the soil
 Tips on Growing Healthy Plants
1. Know your plants
2. Make sure the container or pot is big
enough
3. Provide the right amount of sunlight
4. Provide the needed water supply
5. Fertilize when needed (banana peel
or eggshells can be a substitute)
6. Check for pests and other plant
enemies (use soap, hair or pennies as
alternative to pesticides)
7. Prune or trim to induce growth