10.fluid Mechanics - Properties of Matter

Fluid Mechanics & Properties of Matter
Summary
• Fluids, Surface Tension, Viscosity & Elasticity:

f F A
 Hydraulic press. p= = or F= ×f
a A a
Hydrostatic Paradox P= A P=
B PC
(i) Liquid placed in elevator: When elevator accelerates upward with acceleration ao then
pressure in
fluid, at depth 'h' may be given by,
=p h p [g + a 0 ]
B m [g + a 0 ]
and force of buoyancy,=
(ii) Free surface of liquid in horizontal acceleration:

a
tan θ = o
g
λa
p1 − p 2 =  ρ a 0 where p1 and p2 are pressures at points 1and 2 Then h1 − h 2 =0
g
(iii) Free surface of liquid in case of rotating cylinder.
v 2 ω2 r 2
h =
=
2g 2g
Equation of Continuity a1v1 = a 2 v 2
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ln general av = constant
P 1
i.e., + V 2 + gh = constant
ρ 2
2gh
(vi) Torricelli's theorem - (speed =
of efflux) v = , A2 area
= of hole A1 area of vessel
A 22
1− 2
A1
Elasticity & Viscosity:
restoring force F
=stress =
area of the body A
change in configuration
Strain,∈=
original configuration
∆L
 Longitudinalstrain =
L
∆V
=∈v volume
= strain
V
x
 Shear strain : tan φ or φ =

F/A FL
1. Young's modulus of elasticity
= Y =
∆L / L A∆L
2. Bulk modulus :
Pressure
K=
Volume strain
The reciprocal of bulk modulus of elasticity is called compressibility. K solids > K liquids > K gases
Isothermal modulus of elasticity of gas K = P (pressure of gas)
C
Adiabatic modulus of elasticity of gas K = γ × P where γ = p
Cv
Tan gentialstress F/A F
Modulus of rigidity is given by
= η or η =
=
Shear strain φ Aφ
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1 1
Potential Energy per unit volume = ( stress × strain ) = ( Y × strain 2 )
2 2
Inter-Atomic Force-Constant k = Yr0
Thus, inter-atomic force-constant k is equal to the product of Young's modulus of the material of
the wire and the normal distance r0 between the atoms of the wire.
dv dv
Newton's Law of viscosity, F ∝ A or F = −ηA
dx dx
(10 dyne ) × s × (10 cm )
−2
η is called Coefficient of viscosity. 1 decapoise
= 1N= sm −2 5 2
= 10
1
dynes
= cm −2 10 poise; η ∝
T
2 r (ρ − σ) g
2
Stoke's Law F= 6πηrv Terminal velocity =

9 η
Surface Tension
Total force on eitheir of the imaginary line ( F ) ∆W
Surface tension (T) = ;T= S=
Length of the line (  ) A
Thus, surface tension is numerically equal to surface energy or work done per unit increase
surface area.
4T
Inside a bubble: ( p − p a ) = = p excess
r
2T
Inside a drop: ( p − p a ) = = p excess
r
2T
Inside air bubble in a liquid: ( p − p a ) = = p excess
r
2T cos θ
Capillary Rise: h =
rρg
If two parallel plates with the spacing 'd' are placed in water reservoir, then height of rise
2T
⇒ 2T = ρhdg or h =
ρdg
If two concentric tubes of radius 'r1' and 'r2' (inner one is solid) are placed in water reservoir, then
2T
height of rise ⇒ h =
( r2 − r1 ) ρg
 r  2T cos θ
If weight of the liquid in the meniscus is to be consider :  h +  =
 3 tρg
Capillary Rise in a Tube of insufficient Length :
When the capillary tube is cut and its length is less then h (i.e. h'), then the liquid rises upto the
top of the tube and spreads in such a way that the radius (R') of the liquid meniscus increases and
it becomes more flat so that hR = h'R'= Constant. Hence the liquid does not overflow
r r
If h ' < h then R ' > R or > ⇒ cos θ ' < cos θ ⇒ θ ' > θ .
cos θ ' cos θ
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Practical Questions
1. A thin uniform tube is bent into a circle of radius r in the vertical plane. Equal volumes of two
immiscible liquids, whose densities areρ1 and ρ2 (ρ1>ρ2) fill half the circle. The angle θ between the
radius vector passing through the common interface and the vertical is : (2018)
π  ρ1 + ρ 2 
(a) θ = tan −1  
2  ρ1 − ρ 2 
 ρ1 − ρ 2  
(b) θ = tan −1  
 ρ1 + ρ 2  
−1 π  ρ 2 
(c) θ = tan  
2  ρ1 
 ρ1 
(d) θ = tan −1 π  
 ρ2 
2. There is a circular tube in a vertical plane. Two liquids which do not mix and of densities d1 and d2 are
filled in the tube. Each liquid subtends 900angle at centre. Radius joining their interface makes an angle
α with the vertical. Ratio d1/d2 (2014)
1 + sin α
(a)
1 − sin α
1 + cos α
(b)
1 − cos α
1 + tan α
(c)
1 − tan α
1 + sin α
(d)
1 − cos α
3. A wooden block, with a coin placed on its top, floats in water as shown m figure. The distance l and h
are shown there. After sometime the coin falls into the water. Then (2002)
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(a) l decreases and h increases

(b) l increases and h decreases
(c) Both l and h increase
(d) Both l and h decrease
4. A hemispherical portion of radius R is removed from the bottom of a cylinder of radius R. The volume
of the remaining cylinder is V and mats M. It is suspended by a suing in a liquid of density ρ, where it
stays vertical.The upper surface of the cylinder is at a depth h below the liquid surface. The force on the
bottom of the cylinder by the liquid is (2001)
(a) Mg
(b) Mg − V ρ g
(c) Mg + π R 2 h ρ g
(d) ρ g (V + π R 2 h)
5. A homogeneous solid cylinder of length L and cross-sectional area A/5 is immersed such that it floats
with its axis vertical at the liquid-liquid interface with length L/4 in the denser liquid as shown in the
figure. The Iowa density liquid is open to atmosphere having pressure p0. Then, density D of solid is
given by
5
(a) d
4
4
(b) d
5
(c) 4d
d
(d)
5
6. A vessel contains oil (density = 0.8 g/cm3) over mercury (density = 13.6 g/cm3). A homogeneous
sphere floats with half its volume immersed in mercury and the other half in oil. The density of the
material of the sphere in g/cm3 is (1988)
(a) 3.3
(b) 6.4
(c) 7.2
(d) 12.8
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7. A U-tube of uniform cross-section is partially filled with a liquid I. Another liquid II which does not mix
with liquid I is poured into one side. It is found that the liquid levels of the two sides of the tube are the
same, while the level of liquid I has risen by 2 cm. If the specific gravity of liquid I is 1.1, the specific
gravity of liquid II must be (1983)
(a) 1.12
(b)1.1
(c) 1.05
(d) 1.0
8. A body floats in a liquid contained in a beaker. The whole system as shown in figure falls freely under
gravity. The upthrust on the body is (1982)
(a) zero
(b) equal to the weight of liquid displaced
(c) equal to the weight of the body in air
(d) equal to the weight of the immersed portion of the body
9. A metal ball immersed in alcohol weighs w1at 00C and w2 at 500C. The coefficient of cubical expansion
of the metal is less than that of the alcohol. Assuming that the density of the metal is large compared to
that of alcohol, it can be shown that (1980)
(a) w1>w2
(b)w1 = w2
(c) w1< w2
(d) All of these
10. Water is filled in a cylindrical container to a height of 3 m. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the
orifice and the beaker is 0.1. The square of the speed of the liquid coming out from the orifice is (g = 10
m/s2) (2005)
(a) 50m2/s2
(b) 50.5m2/s2
(c) 51m2/s2
(d) 52 m2/s2
11. A large open tank has two holes in the wall. One is a square hole of side L at a depth y from the top
and the other is a circular hole of radius R at a depth 4y from the top. When the tank is completely filled
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with water, the quantities of water flowing out per second from both holes are the same. Then. R is
equal to (2000)
(a) L / 2π
(b) 2π L
(c) L
(d) L / 2π
12. Water from a tap emerges vertically downwards with an initial speed of 1.0 m/s. The cross-sectional
area of tap is 10-4 m2. Assume that the pressure is constant throughout the steam of water and that the
flow is steady, the cross-sectional area of stream OAS m below the tap is (1998)
(a) 5.0× 10-4 m2
(b) 1.0 × 10-4 m2
(c) 5.0 × 10-5 m2
(d) 2.0× 10-5 m2
13. Density of Ice tap and that of water is σ. What will be the decrease hi volume when a mass M of ice
melts?
M
(a)
σ −ρ
σ −ρ
(b)
M
1 1
(c) M  − 
ρ σ 
1 1 1
(d)  − 
M ρ σ 
14. A 60 kg girl wearing high heel shoes balances on a single heel. If the heel is circular with a diameter
1.0 cm. What Is the pressure exerted on the horizontal floor?
(a) 6.9 ×106Pa
(b)6.2 ×106Pa
(c) 9.6 ×106Pa
(d) 9.0 ×106Pa
15. The surface area of air bubble increases four times when it rises from bottom to top of a water tank
where the temperature is uniform. If the atmospheric pressure Is 10 m of water. the depth of the water
in the tank is
(a) 30 M
(b) 40 m
(c) 70 m
(d) 80 m
16. A U-tube contains water and methylated spirit separated by mercury. The mercury columns in the
two arms are in level with 10.0 cm of water in one arm and 12.5 cm of spirit m the other. The specific
gravity of spirit would be
(a) 0.70
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(b) 0.80
(c) 0.90
(d) 0.60
17. A uniform tapering vessel shown in figure fie filled with liquid of density 900 kgm-3. The force that
acts on the base of the vessel due to liquid Is (Take, g = 10 ms-2)
(a) 3.6 N
(b) 7.2 N
(c) 9.0 N
(d) 12.0 N
18. A U-tube contains water and methylated spirit separated by mercury. If the 15.0 cm of water and
spirit each are further poured into the respective arms of the tube, what is the difference in the levels of
mercury in the two arms? (Specific gravity of mercury = 13.6)
(a) 0.221 cm
(b) 2.22 cm
(c) 0.02 cm
(d) None of these
19. A cylindrical vessel is filled with equal amounts of weight of mercury on water. The overall height of
the two layers is 29.2 cm, specific gravity of mercury is 13.6. Then the pressure of the liquid at the
bottom of the vessel is
(a) 29.2 cm of water
(b) 29.2/13.6 cm of mercury
(c) 4 cm of mercury
(d) 15.6 cm of mercury
20. The density ρ of water of bulk modulus Bata depth y in the ocean is related to the density at surface
ρ0by the relation
 ρ0 gy 
(a) ρ = ρ 0  1 − 
 B 
 ρ gy 
(b) ρ = ρ 0 1 + 0 
 B 
 B 
(c) ρ = ρ 0  1 + 
 ρ0 hgy 
 B 
(d) ρ = ρ 0  1 − 
 ρ0 gy 
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21. An aquarium tank is in the shape of a cube with one side a 4m tall glass wall. When the tank is half
filled and the water is 2 m deep, the water exerts a force F on the wall. What force does the water
exerts on the wall when the tank is full and the water is 4 m drop?
(a) 1/2 F
(b) F
(c) 2 F
(d) 4 F
22. Figure shows the vertical cross-section of a vessel filled with a liquid of density ρ. The normal thrust
per unit area on the walls of the vessel at point P, as shown will be
(a) h ρ g
(b) H ρ g
(c) ( H − h) ρ g
(d) ( H − h) ρ g cos θ
23. A beaker containing water is balanced on the pan of common balance. A solid of specific gravity 1
and mass 5 g is tied to the arm of the balance and immersed in water contained in the beaker. The scale
pan with the beaker
(a) goes down
(b) goes up
(c) remains unchanged
(d) None of these
24. Torricelli's barometer used mercury. Pascal duplicated it using French wine of density 984 kg/m3.
Determine the height of the wine column for normal atmospheric pressure.
(a) 9.5 cm
(b) 5.5 cm
(c) 10.5 cm
(d) 11.5 cm
25. An ice block floats in a liquid whose density is less than water. A part of block is outside the liquid.
When whole of ice has melted, the liquid level will
(a) rise
(b) go down
(c) remain same
(d) first rise then go down
229
26.A tank 5m high is half filled with water and then is filled to the top with oil of density 0.85 gcm-3. The
pressure at the bottom of the tank, due to these liquids is
(a) 1.85 g dyne cm-3
(b) 89.25 g dyne cm-3
(c) 462.5 g dyne cm-3
(d) 500 dyne cm-3
27. A balloon of volume 1500 m3 and weighing 1650 kg with all its equipment is filled with He (density
0.2 kg m-3). If the density of air be 1.3 kgm-3, the pull on the rope tied to the balloon will be (a) 300 kg
(b) 1950 kg
(c) 1650 kg
(d)zero
28. A cubic block is floating in a liquid with half of its volume immersed in the liquid. When the whole
system accelerates upwards with acceleration of g/3, the fraction of volume immersed in the liquid will
be
1
(a)
2
3
(b)
8
2
(c)
3
3
(d)
4
29. Two cubes each weighing 22 g exactly are taken. One is of iron (d = 8 × 103 kgm-3) and the other is of
marble (D = 3 × 103 kgm-3). They are immersed in alcohol and then weighed again
(a) iron cube weighs less
(b) iron cube weighs more
(b) both have equal weight
(d) nothing can be said
30. The spring balance A reads 2 kg with a block of mass m suspended from it. A balance B reads 5 kg
when a beaker with liquid is put on the pan of the balance. The two balances are now so arranged that
the hanging mass is inside the liquid in a beaker as shown in figure.
230
(a) The balance A will read more than 2 kg

(b) The balance B will read less than 5 kg
(c) The balance A will read less than 2 kg and B will read more than 5 kg
(d) The balance A will read more than 2 kg and B will read less than 5 kg
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ANSWER KEYS
1. (b) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (a) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (c) 10. (a) 11. (a) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (b) 15. (c) 16. (b) 17.
(b) 18. (a) 19. (c) 20. (b) 21. (d) 22. (c) 23. (c) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (a) 29. (b) 30. (c)
“Detail solutions are mentioned in the content library”
232
Practical Questions
ELASTICITY
1. In a collinear collision, a particle with an initial speed v0 strikes a stationary particle of the same mass.
If the final total kinetic energy is 50% greater than the original kinetic energy, the magnitude of the
relative velocity between the two particles, after collision, is : (2018)
v0
(a)
2
v
(b) 0
4
(c) 2v0
v
(d) 0
2
2. A pendulum made of a uniform wire of cross-sectional area A has time period T. When an additional
mass M is added to its bob, the time period changes to TM. If the Young’s modulus of the material of the
1
wire is Y, then is equal to (g = gravitational acceleration) (2015)
Y
  T 2  A
(a) 1 −   
  TM   Mg
 TM 2  Mg
(b)   − 1
 T   A
  TM 2  A
(c) 1 −   
  T   Mg
 TM 2  A
(d)   − 1
 T   Mg
3. The pressure of a medium is changed from 1.01 × 105 Pa to 1.165 × 105 Pa and change in volume is
10% keeping temperature constant. The bulk modulus of the medium is (2005)
(a) 204.8 × 10 Pa
5
(b) 102.4 × 105 Pa

(c) 51.2 × 105 Pa
(d) 1.55 × 105 Pa
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4. The adjacent graph shows the extension (∆l) of a wire of length 1 m suspended from the top of a roof
at one end and with a load w connected to the other end. If the cross-sectional area of the wire is 10-6
m2, calculate from the graph the Young's modulus of the material of the wire. (2003)
(a) 2 × 1011 N/m2

(b) 2 × 10-11 N/m2
(c) 3 × 1012 N/m2
(d) 2 × 1013 N/m2
5. A given quantity of an ideal gas is at pressure p and absolute temperature T. The isothermal bulk
modulus of the gas is (1998)
2
(a) p
3
(b) p
3
(c) p
2
(d) 2p
6. Two rods of different materials having coefficients of thermal expansion α1, α2 and Young's moduli Y1,
Y2 respectively are fixed between two rigid massive walls. The rods are heated such that they undergo
the same increase in temperature. There is no bending of the rods. If α1 : α2 = 2 : 3, the thermal stresses
developed it rods are equal provided Y1 : Y2 is equal to
(a) 2 : 3
(b) 1 : 1
(c) 3 : 2
(d) 4: 7
7. The following four wires are made of the same material. Which of these will have the largest
extension when the same tension is applied ?
(a) Length = 50cm, diameter = 0.5 mm
(b) Length = 100 cm, diameter = 1 mm
(c) Length = 200 cm, diameter = 2 mm
(d) Length = 300 cm, diameter = 3 mm
8. When a certain weight is suspended from a long uniform wire, its length increases by 1 cm. If the
same weight is suspended from another wire of the same material and length but having a diameter half
of the first one. the increase in length will be
(a) 0.5 cm
(b) 2 cm
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(c) 4 cm
(d) 8 cm
9. Two identical wires of rubber and iron are stretched by the same weight, then the number of atoms in
unit volume of iron wire will be
(a) equal to that of rubber
(b) less than that of the rubber
(c) more than that of the rubber
(d) none of the above
10. The ratio of diameters of two wires of same materials is n : 1. The length of each wire is 4 m. On
applying the same load, the increase in length of thin wire will be (n > 1)
(a) n2 times
(b) n times
(c) 2n times
(d) (2n + 1) times
11. A rigid bar of mass M is supported symmetrically by three wires each of length I. Those at each end
are of copper and the middle one is of iron. The ratio of their diameter, if each is to have the same
tension, is equal to
(a) Ycopper / Yiron
Yiron
(b)
Ycopper
Y 2iron
(c)
Y 2 copper
Yiron
(d)
Ycopper
12. A thick rope of rubber of density 1.6 × 103 kgm-3 and Young's modulus 6 × 106 Nm-2, 8 m in length is
hung from the ceiling of a room, the increase in its length due to its own weight is
(a) 9.6 × 10-2 m
(b) 19.2 × 10-2 m
(c) 9.6 × 10-3 m
(d) 9.6 m
13. A mild steel wire of length 2L and cross-sectional area A is stretched, well within elastic limit,
horizontally between two pillars as shown in figure. A mass m is suspended from the mid point of the
wire. Strain in the wire is
235
x2
(a)
2 L2
x
(b)
L
x2
(c)
L
x2
(d)
2L
14. A copper wire of negligible mass, 1 m length cross-sectional area 10-6 is kept on a horizontal table
with one end fixed. A ball 1 kg is attached to the other end. The wire ball are rotated with an angular
velocity 20 rad s-1. If the elongation in the wire is 10-3 m, then the Young’s modulus is
(a) 4 × 1011 Nm-2
(b) 6 × 1011 Nm-2
(c) 8 × 1011 Nm-2
(d) 10 × 1011 Nm-2
15. A uniform wire, fixed at its upper end, hangs vertically and supports a weight at its lower end. If its
radius is r, its length L and the Young's modulus for the material of the wire is E, the extension is
1. directly proportional to E
2. inversely proportional to r
3. directly proportional to L
(a) if only 3 is correct
(b) if 1, 2 are correct
(c) if 2, 3 are correct
(d) if only 1 is correct
16. The Young's modulus of a rubber string 8 cm long and density 1.5 kg/m3 is 5 × 108 N/m2, is
suspended on the ceiling in a room. The increase in length due to its own weight will be
(a) 9.5 × 10-5 m
(b)9.6 × 10-11 m
(c) 9.6 × 10-3 m
(d) 9.6 m
17. A steel cable with a radius of 1.5 cm supports a chair lift at a ski area. If the maximum stress is not to
exceed 108 N/m2, what is the maximum load the cable can support?
(a) 7 × 105 N
(b)7 × 106 N
(c) 7 × 104 N
(d) 9 × 105 N
18. A rectangular frame is to be suspended symmetrically by two strings of equal length on two supports
(Fig.) It can be done in one of the following three ways :
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The tension in the strings will be

(a) the same in all cases
(b) least in (i)
(c) least in (ii)
(d) least in (iii)
19. A 1 m long wire is stretched without tension at 300C between two rigid supports. What strain will be
produced in the wire if the temperature falls to 00C ? (Given, α = 12 × 10-6 K-1)
(a) 36 × 10-5
(b) 64 × 10-5
(c) 0.78
(d) 0.32
20. If x is longitudinal strain produced in a wire of Young’s modulus Y, then energy stored in the material
of the wire per unit volume is
(a) Yx2
(b) 2Yx2
1 2
(c) Yx
2
1
(d) Yx2
2
21. Two identical wires are suspended from the same rigid support but one Is of copper and the other is
of iron. Young's modulus of iron is thrice that of copper. The weights to be added on copper and iron
wires so the ends are on the same level must be in the ration of :
(a) 1 : 3
(b) 1 : 1
(c) 3 : 1
(d) 4 : 1
22. The temperature of a wire of length 1 m and area of cross-section 1 cm2 is increased from 00C to
1000C. If rod is not allowed to increased in length, the force required will be (α = 10-5/0C and Y = 1011
N/m2)
(a) 103 N
(b) 104 N
(c) 105 N
(d) 109 N
23. A substance breaks clown by a stress of 106 Nm-2. If the density of the material of the wire is 3 × 103
kgm-3, then the length of the wire of that is substance which will break under its own weight when
suspended vertically is nearly
237
(a) 3.4 m
(b) 34 m
(c) 340 m
(d) 3400 m
24. Two identical wires of rubber and iron are stretched by the same weight, then the number of atoms
in unit volume of iron wire will be
(a) equal to that of rubber
(b) less than that of the rubber
(c) more than that of the rubber
(d) none of the above
25. On increasing the length by 0.5 mm in a steel wire of length 2 m and area of cross-section 2 mm2, the
force required is [Y for steel = 2.2 × 1011 Nm-2)
(a) 1.1 × 105 N
(b) 1.1 × 104 N
(c) 1.1 × 103 N
(d) 1.1 × 102 N
26. Two wires of the same material and length are stretched by the same force. Their masses are in the
ratio 3 : 2. Their elongations are in the ratio
(a) 3 : 2
(b) 9 : 4
(c) 2 : 3
(d) 4 : 9
27. A 100 N force stretches the length of a hanging wire by 0.5 mm. The force required to stretch a wire,
of the same material and length but having four times the diameter, by 0.5 mm is
(a) 100 N
(b) 400 N
(c) 1200 N
(d) 1600 N
28. Two wires of the same length and same material but radii in the ratio of 1 : 2 are stretched by
unequal forces to produce equal elongation. The ratio of the two forces is
(a) 1 : 1
(b) 1 : 2
(c) 2 : 3
(d) 1 : 4
29. Two wires of the same material have lengths in the ratio 1: 2 and their radii are in the ratio 1: 2 . If
they are stretched by applying equal forces, the increase in their lengths will be in the ratio of
(a) 2 :2
(b) 2 : 2
(c) 1:1
(d) 1: 4
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30. A wire of length L and radius r is clamped rigidly at one end. When the other end of the wire is pulled
by a force F its length increases by l. Another wire of the same material of length 4L, radius 4r is pulled
by a force 4F. The increase in length will be
l
(a)
2
(b) l
(c) 2l
(d) 4l
31. When a weight of 5 kg is suspended from a copper wire of length 30 m and diameter 0.5 mm, the
length of the wire increases by 2.4 cm. If the diameter is doubled, the extension produced is
(a) 1.2 cm
(b) 0.6 cm
(c) 0.3 cm
(d) 0.15 cm
32. The length of a wire is increased by 1 mm on the application of a given load. In a wire of the same
material, but of length and radius twice that of the first, on the application of the same load, extension
is
(a) 0.25 mm
(b) 0.5 mm
(c) 2 mm
(d) 4 mm
33. An aluminium rod, Young's modulus 7.0 × 109 Nm-2, has a breaking strain of 0.2%. The minimum
cross-sectional area of the rod in mt in order to support a load of 104 N is
(a) 1 × 10-2
(b) 1.4 × 10-3
(c) 1.0 × 10-3
(d) 7.1 × 10-4
34. A substance breaks down by a stress of 106 Nm-2. If the density of the material of the wire is 3 × 103
kg m-3, then the length of the wire of the substance which will break under its own weight when
suspended vertically is
(a) 66.6 m
(b) 60.0 m
(c) 33.3 m
(d) 30.0 m
35. A steel ring of radius r and cross-sectional area A is fitted on a wooden disc of radius R(R > r). If
Young's modulus be E, then the force with which the steel ring is expanded is
R
(a) AE
r
(R − r)
(b) AE
r
239
E  R−r 
(c)  
A A 
Er
(d)
AR
36. Find the extension produced in a copper of length 2m and diameter 3 mm, when a force of 30 N is
applied. Young's modulus for copper = 1.1 × 1011 Nm-2
(a) 0.2 mm
(b) 0.04 mm
(c) 0.08 mm
(d) 0.68 mm
37. A wire extends by 1 mm when a force is applied. Double the force is applied to another wire of same
material and length but half the radius of cross-section. The elongation of the wire in mm will be
(a) 8
(b) 4
(c) 2
(d) 1
38. A 1 m long steel wire of cross-sectional area 1 mm2 is extended by 1 mm. If Y = 2 × 1011Nm-2, then
the work done is
(a) 0.1 J
(b) 0.2 J
(c) 0.3 J
(d) 0.4 J
39. A wire is stretched 1 mm by a force of 1 kN. How far would a wire of the same material and length
but of four times that diameter be stretched by the same force ?
1
(a) mm
2
1
(b) mm
4
1
(c) mm
8
1
(d) mm
16
40. Two bare A and B of circular cross-section and of same volume and made of the same material are
subjected to tension. If the diameter of A is half that of B and if the force applied to both the rods is the
same and it is in the elastic limit, the ratio of extension of A to that of B will be
(a) 16 : 1
(b) 8 : 1
(c) 4 : 1
(d) 2 : 1
240
41. A steel wire has length 2 m, radius 1 mm and Y = 2 × 1011 Nm-2. A 1 kg sphere is attached to one end
of the wire and whirled in a vertical circle with an angular velocity of 2 revolutions per second. When the
sphere is at the lowest point of the vertical circle, the elongation of the wire is nearly (Take, g = 10 ms-2)
(a) 1 mm
(b) 2 mm
(c) 0.1 mm
(d) 0.01 mm
42. Two wires of equal cross-section but one made of steel and the other of copper are joined end to
end. When at the combination is kept under tension, the elongations in the two wires are found to be
equal. What is the ratio of the lengths of the two wires lengths (Given, Y for steel = 2 × 1011 Nm-2)
(a) 2 : 11
(b) 11 : 2
(c) 20 : 11
(d) 11 : 20
43. The Young's modulus of braes and steel are 10 × 1010 Nm-2 and 2 × 1011 Nm-2 respectively. A brass
wire and a steel wire of the same length are extended by 1 mm under the same force. The radii of the
brass and steel wires are RB and RS respectively. Then
(a) RS = 2 RB
RB
(b) RS =
2
(c) RS = 4 RB
R
(d) RS = B
4
44. When the tension in a metal wire is T1, its length is l1. When the tension is T2, its length is l2. The
natural length of wire is
T2
(a) (l1 + l2 )
T1
(b) T1l1 + T2l2
lT −l T
(c) 1 2 2 1
T2 − T1
lT +l T
(d) 1 2 2 1
T2 + T1
241
45. A rubber rope of length 8 m is hung from the ceiling of a room. What is the increase in length of the
rope due to its own weight? (Given Young's modulus of elasticity of rubber a 5 × 106 Nm-2 and density of
rubber = 1.5 × 106 kgm-3. Take g = 10 ms-2)
(a) 1.5 mm
(b) 6 mm
(c) 24 mm
(d) 96 mm
242
ANSWER KEYS
1. (c) 2. (d) 3. (d) 4. (a) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (a) 8. (c) 9. (c) 10. (a) 11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (a) 14. (a) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17.
(c) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (d) 21. (a) 22. (b) 23. (b) 24. (c) 25. (d) 26. (c) 27. (d) 28. (d) 29. (c) 30. (b) 31. (b) 32.
(b) 33. (d) 34. (c) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (a) 41. (a) 42. (c) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. (d)
243
Practical Questions
VISCOCITY
1. The terminal velocity v of a spherical ball of lead of radius R falling through a viscous liquid varies with
R such that
v
(a) = constant
R
(b) vR = constant
(c) v – constant
v
(d) = constant
R2
2. The rate of steady volume flow of water through a capillary tube of length l and radius r under a
pressure difference of p, is V. This tube is connected with another tube of the same length but half the
radius in series. Then the rate of steady volume flow through them is (The pressure difference across the
combination is p)
V
(a)
16
V
(b)
17
16V
(c)
17
17V
(d)
16
3. A small spherical ball of steel falls through a viscous medium with terminal velocity v. If a ball of twice
the radius of the first one but of the same mass is dropped through the same method, it will fall with a
terminal velocity (neglect buoyancy)
v
(a)
2
v
(b)
2
(c) v
(d) 2v
244
4. A tall cylinder is filled with a viscous oil. A round pebble is dropped from the top with zero initial
velocity. From the plot shown in figure, indicate the one that represents the velocity (v) of the pebble as
a function of time (t).
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
5. A rain drop of radius 0.3 mm has a terminal velocity in air = 1 ms-1. The viscous force on it is
(a) 101.73 × 10-4 dyne
(b) 101.73 × 10-5 dyne
(c) 16.95 × 10-4 dyne
(d) 16.95 × 10-5 dyne
6. A metallic sphere of mass M falls through glycerin with a terminal velocity v. If we drop a ball of mass
8 M of same metal into a column of glycerin, the terminal velocity of the ball will be
(a) 2 v
(b) 4v
(c) 8 v
(d) 16 v
245
7. A rain drop of radius 1.5 mm, experiences a drag force F. (2 × 10-5v) N, while falling through air from a
height 2 km, with a velocity v. The terminal velocity of the rain drop will be nearly (use g =10 ms-2)
(a) 200 ms-1
(b) 80 ms-1
(c) 7 ms-1
(d) 3 ms-1
8. Which of the following diagrams (figure) does not represent a streamline flow?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
9. A marble of mass x and diameter 2 r is gently released a tall cylinder containing honey. If the marble
displaces mass y ( < x) of the liquid, then the terminal velocity is proportional to
(a) (x + y)
(b) (x - y)
x+y
(c)
r
(x-y)
(d)
r
10. A small iron sphere is dropped from a great height. It attains its terminal velocity after having fallen
32 m. Then, it covers the rest of the path with terminal velocity only. The work done by air friction
during the first 32 m of fall is W1. The work done by air friction during the subsequent 32 m fall is W2.
(a)W1> W2
246
(b) W1<W2
(c) W1 =W2
(d) W2= 32W1
11. A spherical ball is dropped in a long column of viscous liquid. Which of the following graphs
represent the variation of
(i) gravitational force with time
(ii) viscous force with time
(iii) net force acting on the ball with time?
(a) Q, R, P
(b) R, Q, P
(c) P, Q, R
(d) R, P, Q
12. A large tank is filled with water to a height H. A small hole is made at the base of the tank if takes T1
H
time to decrease the height of water to (η > 1) and if takes T2 time to take out the rest of water if T1
l
= T2 then the value of η is
(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 4
(d) 2 2
13. An incompressible liquid flows through a horizontal tube as shown in the figure. Then, the velocity
fluid is
(a) 3 m/s
(b) 1.5 m/s
(c) 1.0 m/s
(d) 2.25 m/s
14. Water flowing out of the mouth of a tap and falling vertically in streamline flow forms a tapering
column, i.e., the area of cross-section of the liquid column decreases as it moves down. Which of the
following is the most accurate explanation for this?
247
(a) Falling water tries to reach a terminal velocity and hence, reduces the area of cross-section to
balance upward and downward forces
(b) As the water mows down, its speed increases and hence, its pressure decreases. It Is then
compressed by atmosphere
(c) The surface tension causes the exposed surface area of the liquid to decrease continuously
(d) The mass of water flowing out per second through any cross-section must remain constant. As the
water is almost incompressible, so the volume of water flowing out per second must remain constant As
this is equal to velocity × area, the area decreases as velocity increases
15. If two ping pong balls are suspended near each other and a fast stream of air is produce within the
space of the balls, the balls
(a) come nearer to each other
(b) move away from each other
(c) remain in their original positions
(d) move far away
16. Along a streamline

(a) the velocity of a fluid particle remains constant
(b) the velocity of an fluid particles crossing a given position is a constant
(c) the velocity of all fluid particles at a given instant is constant
(d) the speed of a fluid particle remains constant
17. An Ideal fluid flows through a pipe of circular cross-section made of two sections with diameters 2.5
cm and 3.75 cm.The ratio of the velocities in the two pipes is
(a) 9 : 4
(b) 3 : 2
(c) 3: 2
(d) 2: 3
18. Air is streaming past a horizontal air plane wing such that its speed is 120 ms-1 over the upper
surface sod 90 ms-1 at the lower surface. If the density of air 1.3 kgm-3, what will be the gross lift on the
wing? If the wing is 10 m long and has an average width of 2m,
(a) 81.9 N
(b) 8.19 kN
(c) 81.9 kN
(d) 819 kN
19. Three tubes A, B and C are connected to a horizontal pipe in which liquid is flowing. The radii of pipe
at the joints of A, B and C are 2 cm, 1 cm and 2 cm respectively. The height of liquid
(a) in A is maximum
(b) in A and B is equal
248
(c) is same in all the three

(d) in A and C is same
20. Figs. (i) and (ii) refer to the steady flow of a (non-viscous) liquid. Which of the two figures is/are
incorrect?
(a) Fig. (i)

(b) Fig. (ii)
(c) both (i) and (ii)
(d) None of these
21. A tank is filled with water upto a height H. Water is allowed to come out of a hole P in one of the
walls at a depth h below the surface of water (see figure). Express the horizontal distance X in terms of H
and h.
=
(a) X h( H − h)
h
(b) X
= ( H − h)
2
(c) X 2 h( H − h)
=
=
(d) X 4 ( H − h)
22. Water stands at level A in the arrangement shown in the figure. What will happen if a jet of air is
gently blown into the horizontal tube in the direction shown in the figure?
(a) Water will rise above A in the capillary tube

(b) Water will fall below A in the capillary tube
(c) There will be no effect on the level of water in the capillary tube
(d) Air will emerge from end B in the form of bubbles
249
23. A cylindrical drum, open at the top, contains 15 L of water. It drains out through a small opening at
the bottom. 5 L of water comes out in time t1, the next 5 L, in further time t2 and the last 5 L in further
time t3. Then
(a) t1 < t2 < t3
(b) t1 > t2 > t3
(c) t1 = t2 = t3
(d) t2 > t1 = t3
24. The level of water in a tank is 5 m high. A hole of 10 cm2 is made in the bottom of the tank. The rate
of leakage of water from the hole is
(a) 10–2 m3 s-1
(b) 102 m3 s-1
(c) 10 m3 s-1
(d) 10-1 m3 s-1
25. A fluid flows through a horizontal pipe having two different cross-sections of area A and 2 A. If the
pressure at the thin cross-section Is p and fluid velocity is v, the velocity and pressure at the thicker
cross-section is (take the density of fluid as ρ)
v 1
(a) , p + ρv2
2 2
v 3
(b) , p + ρ v 2
4 8
v 3
(c) , p + ρ v 2
2 8
3 2
(d) v, p + ρ v
4
ANSWERS
1. (d) 2. (b) 3. (a) 4. (c) 5. (a) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (d) 9. (d) 10. (b) 11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (c) 14. (d) 15. (a) 16. (b) 17.
(a) 18. (c) 19. (d) 20. (a) 21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (a) 24. (a) 25. (c)
250
Practical Questions
SURFACE TENSION
251
1. A small soap bubble of radius 4cm is trapped inside another bubble of radius 6cm without any contact.
Let P2 be the pressure inside the inner bubble and P0the pressure outside the outer bubble. Radius of
another bubble with pressure difference P2 - P0 between its inside and outside would be:
(2018)
(a) 2.4cm
(b) 12cm
(c) 4.8cm
(d) 6cm
2. The following observations were taken for determining surface tension T of water by capillary method.
Diameter of capillary, d = 1.25 × 10-2 in rise of water, h= 145 × 10-2m. Using g = 9.80 m/s2 and the simplified
rhg
relation T= ×103 N/m , the possible error in surface tension is 2 closest to
2
(2017)
(a) 1.5%
(b) 2.4%
(c)10%
(d) 0.15%
3. On heating water, bubble beings formed at the bottom of the vessel detach and rise. Take the bubbles
to be spheres of radius R and making a circular contact of radius R and making a circular contact of radius
r with the bottom of the vessel. If r << R and the surface tension of water is T, value of r just before bubbles
detach is (density of water is ρ) (2014)
ρw g
(a) R 2
3T
ρw g
(b) R 2
6T
3ρ w g
(c) R 2
T
(d) None of these
4. Assume that a drop of liquid evaporates by decrease in its surface energy, so that its temperature
remains unchanged. What should be the minimum radius of the drop for this to be possible? The surface
tension is T, density of liquid is ρ and L is its latent heat of vaporization (2013)
ρL
(a)
T
252
T
(b)
ρL
T
(c)
ρL
2T
(d)
ρL
5. A glass tube of uniform internal radius (r) has a valve separating the two identical ends. Initially, the
valve is in a tightly closed position. End 1 has a hemispherical soap bubble of radius r. End 2 has sub-
hemispherical soap bubble as shown in figure. Just after opening the valve. (2008)
(a) air from end 1 flows towards end 2. No change in the volume of the soap bubbles
(b) air from end 1 flows towards end 2. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 decreases
(c) no change occurs
(d) air from end 2 flows towards end 1. Volume of the soap bubble at end 1 increases
6. Water is filled up to a height h in a beaker of radius R as shown in the figure. The density of water isρ,
the surface tension of water is T and the atmospheric pressure is p. Consider a vertical section ABCD of
the water column through a diameter of the breaker. The force on water on one side of this section by
water on the other side of this section has magnitude (2007)
(a) | 2 p0 Rh + π R 2 ρ gh − 2 RT |
(b) | 2 p0 Rh + R ρ gh 2 − 2 RT |
(c) | p0π R 2 + R ρ gh 2 − 2 RT |
(d) | p0π R 2 + R ρ gh 2 + 2 RT |
7. A thin metal disc of radius r float on water surface and bends the surface downwards along the
perimeter making an angle θ with vertical edge of the disc. If the disc displaces a weight of water w and
surface tension of water is T, then the weight of metal disc is
(a) 2π rT + w
(b) 2π rT cos θ − w
(c) 2π rT cos θ + w
(d) w − 2π rT cos θ
253
8. A ring is cut from a platinum tube 8.5 cm internal diameter and 8.7 cm external diameter. It is supported
horizontally from a pan of a balance so, that it comes in contact with the water is in glass vessel. If an extra
3.47 g-wt is required to pull it away from water, surface tension of water is
(a) 72.07 dyne cm-1
(b) 70.80 dyne cm-1
(c) 65.35 dyne cm-1
(d) 60.00 dyne cm-1
9. What is the pressure inside the drop of mercury of radius 3.00 mm at room temperature? Surface
tension of mercury at that temperature (200C) is 4.65 × 10-1 N/m. The atmospheric pressure is 101 × 105
Pa. Also give the excess pressure inside the drop.
(a) 1.01 × 105 Pa, 320Pa
(b) 1.01 × 105 Pa, 310Pa
(c) 310 Pa, 1.01 × 105Pa
(d) 320 Pa, 1.01 × 105Pa
10. What is the radius of the biggest aluminium coin of thickness, t and density ρ, which will still be able
to float on the water surface of surface tension S?
4S
(a)
3ρ gt
3S
(b)
4 ρ gt
2S
(c)
ρ gt
S
(d)
ρ gt
11. 8000 identical water drops are combined to form a big drop then the ratio to the final surface energy
to the initial surface energy, if all the drops together is
(a) 1 : 10
(b) 1 :15
(c) 1 : 20
(d) 1 : 25
12. A frame made of a metallic wire enclosing a surface area A is covered with a soap film. If the area of
the frame of metallic wire is reduced by 50%, the energy of the soap film will be changed by
(a) 100 %
(b) 75 %
(c) 50 %
(d) 25 %
13. A mercury drop of radius 1 cm is broken into 106 droplets of equal size.
The work done is (S = 35 × 10-2 Nm-1)
(a) 4.35 × 10-2J
(b) 4.35 × 10-3 J
254
(c) 4.35 × 10-6 J

(d) 4.35 × 10-8 J
14. Surface tension of a soap solution is able of 2.0 cm diameter will be

(a) 7.6 × 10-6πJ
(b) 15.2 × 10-6πJ
(c) 1.9 × 10-6πJ
(d) 1 × 10-4πJ
15. A drop of water breaks into two droplets of equal size. ln this process, which of the following
statements is correct?
(a) The sum of the temperatures of the two droplets together is equal to temperature of the original drop
(b) The sum of the masses of the two droplets is equal to mass of drop
(c) The sum of the radii of the two droplets is equal to the radius of the drop
(d) The sum of the surface areas of the two droplets is equal to the surface area of the original drop
16. Work done in splotting a drop of water of 1mm radius no 106 droplets is (surface tension of water 72
× 10-3J / m2)
(a)9.8 × 10-5J
(b)8.95 × 10-5J
(c) 5.89 × 10-5J
(d) 5.98 × 10-6J
17. A drop of liquid of diameter 2 8 mm breaks up into identical drops. The change in energy is nearly IlS
= 75 dyne cm-1)
(a) zero
(b) 19 erg
(c) 46 erg
(d) 74 erg
18. The surface energy of a liquid drop is u. It is sprayed 1000 equal droplets. Then its surface energy
becomes
(a) u
(b) 10 u
(c) 100 u
(d) 1000 u
19. A water film is made between two straight parallel wires of length 10 cm separated by 5 mm from
each other. If the distance between the wires is increased by 2 mm. How much work will be done? Surface
tension for water is 72 dyne cm-1.
(a) 288 erg
(b) 72 erg
(c) 144 erg
(d) 216 erg
20. What change in surface energy will be noticed when a drop of radius R splits up into 1000 droplets of
radius r, surface tension T ?
255
(a) 4 πR2T
(b) 7 πR2T
(c)16 πR2T
(d) 36 πR2T
21. Let, W be the work done, when a bubble of volume V is formed from a given solution. How much work
is required to be done to form a bubble of volume 2 V ?
(a) W
(b) 2W
(c) 21/3 W
(d) 41/3 W
22. What is the ratio of surface energy of 1 small drop and 1 large drop if 1000 drops combined to form 1
large drop?
(a) 100 : 1
(b) 1000: 1
(c) 10 : 1
(d) 1 : 100
23. A bigger drop of radius R is converted into n smaller drops of radius r, the required energy is
(a) (4π r 2 n − 4π R 2 )T
4 4 
(b)  π r 3 n − π R 3  T
3 3 
(c) (4π R − 4π r )nT
2 2
(d) (n 4π r 2 − 4π R 2 )T
24. The angle of contact at the interface of water-glass is 00Ethylalcohol-glass is 00, Mercury-glass is 1400
and Methyliodide-glass is 300. A glass capillary is put in a trough Containing one of these four liquids. It is
observed that the meniscus is convex. The liquid in the trough is
(a) water
(b) ethylalcohol
(c) mercury
(d) methyliodide
25. The diagram shows three soap bubbles A, B and C prepared by blowing the capillary tube fitted with
stop cocks S, S1, S2 and S3. With stop cock S closed and stop cocks S1, S2 and S3 opened
(a) B will start collapsing with volumes of A and C increasing

(b) C will start collapsing with volume of A and B increasing
(c) volume of A, B and C will become equal in equilibrium
(d) C and A will both start collapsing with volume of B increasing
256
26. The amount of work done in blowing a soap bubble such that its diameter increases from d to D is (S
= surface tension of solution)
(a) π ( D 2 − d 2 ) S
(b) 2π ( D 2 − d 2 ) S
(c) 4π ( D 2 − d 2 ) S
(d) 8π ( D 2 − d 2 ) S
2
27. If pressure at half the depth of a lake is equal to pressure at the bottom of the lake then what is
3
the depth of the lake?
(a) 10 m
(b) 20 m
(c) 60 m
(d) 30 m
28. In a test experiment on a model aeroplane in a wind tunnel, the flow speeds on the upper and lower
surfaces of the wing are 70 m/s and 63 m/s respectively. What is the lift on the wing, if its area is 2.5 m2?
Take the density of air to be 1.3 kg/m3.
(a) 5.1 × 102 N
(b) 6.1 × 102 N
(c)1.6 × 103N
(d)1.5×103 N
29. With the increase in temperature, the angle of contact

(a) decreases
(b) increases
(c) remains constant
(d) sometimes increases and sometimes decreases
30. Water rises to a height of 10 cm in a capillary tube and mercury falls to a depth of 3.42 cm in the same
capillary tube. If the density of mercury and water are 1350 and 00 respectively, the ratio of surface tension
of water and mercury is
(a) 1 : 0.15
(b) 1 : 3
(c) 1 :6.5
(d)1.5 : 1
31. Water rises to a height of 16.3 cm in a capillary of height 18 cm above the water level. If the tube is
cut at a height of 12 cm in the capillary tube,
(a) water will come as a fountain from the capillary tube
(b) water will stay at a height of 12 cm in the capillary tube
(c) the height of water in the capillary tube will be 10.3 cm
(d) water height flow down the sides of the capillary tube
257
32. Water rises in a capillary tube to a height h. It will rise to a height more than h
(a) on the surface of sun
(b) in a lift moving down with an acceleration
(c) at the poles
(d) in a lift moving up with an acceleration
33. If a liquid is placed in a vertical cylindrical vessel and the vessel is rotated about its axis, the liquid will
take the shape of figure.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
34. By inserting a capillary tube upto a depth l in the water rises to a height h. If the lower end of the
capillary tube is closed inside water and the capillary is taken out and closed end opened, to what height
the water will remain in the tube, when l >h
(a) zero
(b) l + h
(c) 2 h
(d) h
35. Two capillary tubes of radii 0.2 cm and 0.4 cm are dipped in the same liquid. The ratio of heights
through which liquid will rise in the tubes is
(a)1 : 2
(b) 2 :1
258
(c) 1 : 4
(d) 4 : 1
36. The rate of flow of liquid through a capillary tube of radius r is V, when the pressure difference across
the two ends of the capillary is p. If pressure is increased by 3 p and radius is reduced to r/2, then the rate
of flow becomes
(a) V/9
(b) 3V/8
(c) V/4
(d) V/3
37. Water in a vessel of uniform cross-section escapes through a narrow tube at the base of the vessel.
Which graph given below represents the variation of the height h of the liquid with time t?
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
38. When a pinch of salt or any other salt which is soluble in water is added to water, its surface
(a) Increases
(b) decreases
(c) may Increase or decrease depending upon salt
(d) None of the above
39. At which of the following temperatures, the values of surface tension of water is minimum?
(a) 40C
259
(b) 250 C
(c) 500 C
(d) 750 C
40. Two spherical soap bubbles of radii a and b in vacuum coalesce under isothermal conditions. The
resulting bubble has a radius given by
( a + b)
(a)
2
ab
(b)
a+b
(c) a 2 + b 2
(d) a + b
41. When two soap bubbles of radius r1 and r2 (r2> r1) coalesce, the radius of curvature of common surface
is
(a) (r2 − r1 )
(b) (r2 + r1 )
r2 − r1
(c)
r1r2
rr
(d) 2 1
r2 − r1
42. Which graph represent the variation of surface tension with temperature over small temperature
ranges for water?
(a)
(b)
(c)
260
(d)
43. A capillary tube of radius R and length L is connected m series with another tube of radius R/2 and
length L/4. If the pressure difference across the two tubes taken together is p, then the ratio of pressure
difference across the first tube to that across the second tube is
(a)1 : 4
(b) 1 :1
(c) 4 :1
(d) 2 : 1
44. The relative velocity of two parallel layers of water is 8 cms-1. If the perpendicular distance between
the layers is 0.1 cm, then velocity gradient will be
(a) 40 s-1
(b) 50 s-1
(c) 60 s-1
(d) 80 s-1
45. Two water pipes P and Q having diameter 2 × 10-2 m and 4 × 10-2 m respectively are joined in series
with the main supply line of water. The velocity of water flowing in pipe P is
(a) 4 times that of Q
(b) 2 times that of Q
(c) 1/2 times that of Q
(d) 1/4 times that of Q
261
ANSWER KEYS
1.(a) 2. (a) 3. (a) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (b) 7. (c) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (c) 11. (c) 12. (c) 13. (a) 14. (b) 15. (b) 16. (b) 17. (d)
18. (b) 19. (a) 20. (d) 21. (d) 22. (d) 23. (d) 24. (c) 25. (b) 26. (b) 27. (b) 28. (d) 29. (a) 30. (c) 31. (b) 32. (b)
33. (c) 34.(c) 35. (b) 36. (c) 37. (a) 38. (a) 39. (d) 40. (c) 41. (d) 42. (b) 43. (a) 44. (d) 45. (a)
262

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Fluid Mechanics & Properties of Matter

Fluid Mechanics & Properties of Matter

• Fluids, Surface Tension, Viscosity & Elasticity:

(ii) Free surface of liquid in horizontal acceleration:

Equation of Continuity a1v1 = a 2 v 2

Stoke's Law F= 6πηrv Terminal velocity =

(a) l decreases and h increases

(a) The balance A will read more than 2 kg

“Detail solutions are mentioned in the content library”

(b) 102.4 × 105 Pa

(a) 2 × 1011 N/m2

The tension in the strings will be

“Detail solutions are mentioned in the content library”

16. Along a streamline

(c) is same in all the three

(a) Fig. (i)

(a) Water will rise above A in the capillary tube

“Detail solutions are mentioned in the content library”

(c) 4.35 × 10-6 J

14. Surface tension of a soap solution is able of 2.0 cm diameter will be

(a) B will start collapsing with volumes of A and C increasing

29. With the increase in temperature, the angle of contact

“Detail solutions are mentioned in the content library”

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