1

ASSESSMENT COVER SHEET

Programme Learner name

Assignment title Assessor name
Unit Code. & title Targeted assessment criteria
Issue date Submission deadline
Date submitted
Marks Marks
Question allocated awarded
Feedback

Total Marks
General comments

I certify that the evidence submitted for this assignment is the learner’s own. The learner has
Assessor declaration clearly referenced any sources used in the work. I understand that false declaration is a form
of malpractice.
Assessor signature Date
Learner comments
Learner signature Date
2
 3

TASK 3

ASSUMING THE EFFICIENCY

To calculate the corresponding average mass flow rate of water through the turbines at the Hoover Dam, we can use the
following formula:

Power = (Efficiency) x (Mass Flow Rate) x (Acceleration Due to Gravity) x (Head)

Where:

Power = 4.2 TWh = 4.2 x 10^12 Wh

Efficiency = 85% = 0.85 (decimal form)

Acceleration Due to Gravity (g) = 9.81 m/s² (standard value)

Head = 180 m

We need to find the Mass Flow Rate (MFR), which is in kg/s.

Rearrange the formula to solve for Mass Flow Rate (MFR):

MFR = Power / [(Efficiency) x (Acceleration Due to Gravity) x (Head)]

Let's simplify the values:

MFR = (4.2 x 10^12 Wh) / [(0.85) x (9.81 m/s²) x (180 m)]

Now, calculate:

MFR = (4.2 x 10^12 Wh) / [(0.85) x (9.81 m/s²) x (180 m)]

 4

MFR ≈ 2.27 x 10^6 kg/s

So, the average mass flow rate of water passing through the turbines at the Hoover Dam is approximately 2.27 x 10^6
kg/s.

CALCULATING THE POWER GENERATED

Calculating the power generated when 1333 tonnes/second of water flows through the turbines, you can use the
formula in above (A):

Where:

Mass Flow Rate (MFR) = 1333 tonnes/second = 1,333,000 kg/second (1 tonne = 1000 kg)

g (acceleration due to gravity) = 9.81 m/s² (standard value)

Head = 180 m

Efficiency = 0.85

Now, simplifying the values to calculate the power:

Power = (1,333,000 kg/s) x (9.81 m/s²) x (180 m) x 0.85

Power ≈ 2.08 x 10^9 Watts

So, when 1333 tonnes/second of water flows through the turbines at the Hoover Dam, the power generated is
approximately 2.08 gigawatts (GW).

TASK 4

FINDING THERMAL EFFICIENCY

 5

Thermal Efficiency (η) = (Useful Output Energy) / (Input Energy)

First, we need to calculate the electrical energy generated:

Electrical Energy = Max. Demand x Load Factor

Max. Demand = 20,000 kW

Load Factor = 40% (0.4 in decimal form)

Therefore ,

Electrical Energy = 20,000 kW x 0.4 = 8,000 kWh

Now, we need to calculate the energy contained in the coal consumed:

Energy Input = Coal Consumption x Energy Content of Coal

Coal Consumption = 0.9 kg/kWh

Energy Content of Coal = Cost of 1 ton of coal / (1,000 kg/ton)

The cost of 1 ton of coal is Rs. 300.

Energy Content of Coal = 300 Rs. / 1,000 kg = 0.3 Rs./kg

Energy Input = 0.9 kg/kWh x 0.3 Rs./kg = 0.27 Rs./kWh

Now, we can calculate the thermal efficiency:

Thermal Efficiency (η) = (Useful Output Energy) / (Input Energy)

Thermal Efficiency (η) = (8,000 kWh) / (0.27 Rs./kWh)

Thermal Efficiency (η) = 29,629.63

So, the thermal efficiency of the thermal power station is approximately 29,629.63
 6

FINDING COAL BILL PER ANNUM

Coal Consumption per annum = Electrical Energy Generated / (Boiler Efficiency x Turbine
Efficiency x Energy Content of Coal)

We've already calculated the electrical energy generated, which is 8,000 kWh per day.

Boiler Efficiency = 85% (0.85 in decimal form)

Turbine Efficiency = 90% (0.90 in decimal form)

Energy Content of Coal = 0.3 Rs./kg (as calculated previously)

Now, let's calculate the coal consumption per annum:

Coal Consumption per annum = 8,000 kWh / (0.85 x 0.90 x 0.3 Rs./kg)

Coal Consumption per annum = 98,765.43 kg/year

Now, to calculate the coal bill per annum, we need to multiply the coal consumption by the cost of 1 ton of coal (Rs. 300)
and convert it to rupees (Rs.):

Coal Bill per annum = (Coal Consumption per annum / 1,000 kg/ton) x Cost of 1 ton of coal

Coal Bill per annum = (98,765.43 kg / 1,000 kg/ton) x 300 Rs./ton

Coal Bill per annum = 29,629.63 Rs./year

So, the coal bill per annum for the thermal power station is approximately 29,629.63 Rs. This represents the annual cost
of coal required to generate the electrical energy.
7