Faculty of Engineering

Eng. Marwa Ashraf

Name:…………………………… ID:……………………..
Quiz 1
1- Monitor three consecutive phone calls going through a telephone switching
office. Classify each one as a voice call (v) if someone is speaking, or a data
call (d) if the call is carrying a modem or fax signal. Your observation is a
sequence of three letters (each one is either v or d ) . For example, three voice
calls correspond to 𝑣𝑣𝑣. The outcomes 𝑣𝑣𝑣 and 𝑑𝑑𝑑 have probability 0.2
whereas each of the other outcomes 𝑣𝑣𝑑 𝑣𝑑𝑣 𝑣𝑑𝑑 𝑑𝑣𝑣 𝑑𝑣𝑑 and 𝑑𝑑𝑣 has
probability 0.1. 𝑁 counts the number of voice calls in the three calls you have
observed. Calculate the following probabilities:

a. 𝑃 (𝑁 = 2)
b. 𝑃({𝑣𝑣𝑑 }|𝑁 = 2)
c. 𝑃({𝑑𝑑𝑣 }|𝑁 = 2)
d. 𝑃(𝑁𝑣 = 2|𝑁 ≥ 1)

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 Faculty of Engineering
Eng. Marwa Ashraf

2- A quality – control engineer inspects a random sample of 3 batteries from

each of 24 car batteries ready to be shipped. If such a lot contains 6 batteries
with slight defects, what are the probabilities that the inspector`s sample will
contain:
a. None of the batteries with defects?
b. Only one of the batteries with defects?
c. At least two of the batteries with defects?
d. Find the probability distribution of the number of defects.

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 Faculty of Engineering
Eng. Marwa Ashraf

3- Suppose that we select a whole number at random between 100 and 999,
inclusive. What is the probability that it has at least one 1 in it? What is the
probability that it has exactly two 3's in it?

Bonus Question
A truth serum given to a suspect is known to be 90% reliable when the person
is guilty and 99% reliable when the person is innocent. If a suspect is selected
from a group of suspects of which only 5% are guilty and the serum indicates
that he is guilty, what is the probability that he is innocent?

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