Object Oriented Programming & Java

Data Type Conversion

by
Mr. Santanu Basak
Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science &
Engineering,
University of Engineering & Management, Jaipur
 Data Type Conversion
• Implicit Conversion
– Automatic Conversion
• Explicit Conversion
– Conversion by typecasting
 Data Type Conversion : Implicit conversion
Lower size data type to higher size data type:
byte -> short -> int -> long -> float -> double

● byte is converted into

○ short, int, long, float, double
● short is converted into
○ int, long, float, double
● int is converted into
○ long, float, double
● float is converted into
○ double
 Data Type Conversion : Implicit conversion
In opposite direction we use explicit conversion and that
may cause data loss

double -> float -> long -> int -> short -> byte
 Data Type Conversion : Implicit conversion
int i=10;
double d=10.11;

● Automatic Conversion int to double

○ d=i;
● Causes Error
○ i=d
● Explicit Conversion - Lossy Conversion
○ i=(int)d
 Automatic Conversion : Uses
• To resolve call, if no matching method found
– If we are passing values with lower size data
type to a method, but that method accepts
values with higher size data type, then data
type is converted automatically (implicitly)
 Automatic Conversion
class A { Output:
void play(int a){ int
System.out.println("int"); double
} double
void play(double a){
System.out.println("double"); Explanation:
} a.play(10) calls play(int)
} a.play(10.10) calls play(double)
class Test { a.play(10.10f) calls play(double)
public static void main(String args[]){
A a=new A();
a.play(10);
a.play(10.10);
a.play(10.10f);
}
}
 Automatic Conversion
class Cal { Output:
int add(int a, int b){ 30
return a+b; 30.3
} 30.7
double add(double a, double b){ Explanation:
return a+b; c.add(10, 20) calls add(int, int)
} c.add(10.1f, 20.2f) calls add(double, double)
} c.add(10.1, 20.2) calls add(double, double)
class MyClass {
public static void main(String args[]){

Cal c=new Cal();

System.out.println(c.add(10, 20));
System.out.println(c.add(10.1f, 20.2f));
System.out.println(c.add(10.3, 20.4));
}
}
 Automatic Conversion
class A { Output:
void play(int a, double b){ int, double
System.out.println("int, double"); double, int
}
void play(double a, int b){ Explanation:
System.out.println("double, int"); a.play(5, 7.1) calls play(int a, double b)
} a.play(8.1, 9) calls play(double a, int b)
}
class MyClass {
public static void main(String args[]){
A a=new A();

a.play(5, 7.1);
a.play(8.1, 9);
}
}
 Automatic Conversion : Ambiguous
class A { Explanation:
void play(int a, double b){ • Both method play(int, double) in A and
System.out.println("int, double"); method play(double, int) in A match as
} • a.play(2, 3) can call both methods
– play(int a, double b)
void play(double a, int b){
• int 3 can be converted into double 3
System.out.println("double, int"); – play(double a, int b)
} • int 2 can be converted into double 2
} • So it calling is ambiguous
class MyClass {
public static void main(String args[]){
A a=new A();

//Causes Error
a.play(2, 3);
}
}
 Object as Parameter
class Cal { class MyClass2 {
int a,b; public static void main(String args[]){
Cal(){ Cal c1=new Cal();
a=0;
Cal c2=new Cal(10,20);
b=0;
Cal c3=new Cal(10,20);
}
Cal(int i, int j) {
a=i;
System.out.println(c1.equal(c2));
b=j; System.out.println(c2.equal(c3));
}
boolean equal(Cal c) { }
if(a==c.a && b==c.b) }
return true;
else
return false;
}
}
 Object as Return type
class Cal { class MyClass2 {
int a; public static void main(String
args[]){
Cal(int i) { Cal c2=new Cal(10);
a=i; Cal c3;
}
c3=c2.incr();
Cal incr() {
System.out.println(c3.a);
Cal c=new Cal(a+1);
}
return c;
} }
}
 Automatic Conversion with Objects
class A { Output:
int i=0; 0
} 0
class B extends A {
int i=1;
}
class Test{
void display(A a){
System.out.println(a.i);
}
public static void main(String args[]){
A a=new A();
B b=new B();
Test t=new Test();
t.display(a);
t.display(b);
}
}
 Automatic Conversion with Objects
class A { Output:
void play(){
System.out.println("play of A"); play of A
} play of B
}
class B extends A {
void play(){
System.out.println("play of B");
}
}
class Test{
void display(A obj){
obj.play();
}
public static void main(String args[]){
A a=new A();
B b=new B();
Test t=new Test();
t.display(a);
t.display(b);
}
}
 Reference/s

Java
The Complete Reference
by
Herbert Schildt