LECTURE READING 13: ANALYSIS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE

BEAM
PROBLEM 1. Investigation Problem

Determine the unfactored concentrated dead load at midspan of the 300 mm x 600 mm reinforced
concrete beam with 5 – 20 mm ϕ bars as shown. fc’ = 25 MPa and fy = 420 MPa. Concrete cover is 40 mm.
The dead load includes the weight of the beam itself.

PD

4m 4m

wD = 15 kn/m and wL = 5 kN/m

300 mm

600 mm

10 mm ϕ stirrups

5 – 20 mm ϕ

PD = 1.2 P where P is unknown

d = t - ½ ϕm - ϕs - cc = 600 - ½ (20) - 10 - 40 = 540 mm

π
As = (20)2 (5) = 1570.80 mm2
4

As fy 1570.80 (420)
a = ' = = 103.49 mm
0.85 fc b 0.85 ( 25 ) (300)
MOMENT CAPACITY

a
For concrete: M = ϕ 0.85 fc’ ab (d - ) formula 2
2
103.49
M = 0.90 (0.85) (25) (103.49) (300) (540 - ) / (1000)2
2
M = 289.91 kN.m divide it by (1000)2 to be kN.m

a
For steel: M = ϕ As fy (d - ) formula 3
2
103.49
M = 0.90 (1570.80) (420) (540 - ) / (1000)2
2
M = 289.91 kN.m

Mcap = 289.91 kN.m

w = 1.2 D + 1.6 L = 1.2 (15) + 1.6 (5) = 26 kN/m

EXTERNAL MOMENT

wL
2
P L
M = + D formula for moment of simply supported beam
8 4
2
26(8) 1.2 P(8)
M = + = 208 + 2.4 P
8 4
Mext = 208 + 2.4 P

Mcap = Mext
289.91 = 208 + 2.4 P

P = 34.13 kN ANSWER
PROBLEM 2. Design Problem

Determine the number of 20 mm ϕ rebars used in the structural design of the second span of the continuous
beam shown using the following data:

fc’ = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa
b x D = 400 mm x 600 mm (dimension of beam)
Partition: 150 mm thick CHB wall with density of 19.60 kN/m3 and 600 mm grout spacing plastered at
both sides with height of 2.53 m

From slab design of each slab step 7 load transfer D = 19 kN/m unfactored
L = 8 kN/m unfactored

STEP 1. DESIGN DATA

fc’ = 25 MPa
fy = 420 MPa

From slab design

wD = 19 (2) = 38 kN/m
wL = 8 (2) = 16 kN/m

PL = 1.87 + 2 (0.24) = 2.35 kPa page 2-14 NSCP 2015 (partition)

STEP 2. THICKNESS

From page 4-62 NSCP 2015 below, the second span is continuous at both ends and fy = 420 MPa
Therefore:
L 6(1000)
t = = = 285.71 mm ¿ 600 mm SAFE
21 21

STEP 3. LOADINGS

wB = 23.60 (0.40) (0.60) = 5.66 kN/m weight of the beam itself

wsDL = 38 slab dead load
wP = 2.35 (2.53) = 5.95 weight of partition, height = 2.53 m

D = 49.61 kN/m
L = 16 kN/m

w = 1.2 D + 1.6 L = 1.2 (49.61) + 1.6 (16) = 85.13 kN/m using SDM
STEP 4. Shear and Moment

To analyze continuous slab, we can use section 406.5 pages 4-37 to 4-38, NSCP 2015

NOTE: from footnote (1) to calculate negative moment L shall be the average of the adjacent clear span lengths
For second span

2 2
wL 85.13(5.5)
-ML = = = 257.52 kN.m
10 10
2 2
wL 85.13(6)
+M = = = 191.54 kN.m
16 16
2 2
wL 85.13(6)
-MR = = = 278.61 kN.m
11 11
 wL 85.13(6)
V = = = 255.39 kN.m
2 2

STEP 5. REINFORCEMENT

A) Main Reinforcement
1) –MR = 278.61 kN.m consider first the largest moment
d = effective depth
d = D - ½ ϴm - ϴs - cc
d = 600 - ½ (20) - 10 - 40 thickness = 215 mm, minimum concrete cover = 40mm
d = 540mm minimum rebar size = 12 mm ϕ

As fy As (420)
a = ' = formula 1, b = width = 1m = 1000 mm
0.85 fc b 0.85 ( 25 ) (400)
a = 0.05 As

a
M = ϕ As fy (d – ) formula 3
2
0.05 As
278.61 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 540 – ) multiply moment by (1000)2 so that unit is
2
N.mm
2
278.61(1000)
= 540 As - 0.025 As2 simplifying
0.90(420)
737063.49 = 540 As - 0.025 As2
0 = 0.025 As2 - 540 As + 737063.49
0 = As2 - 21600 As + 29482539.60 divide both sides by 0.01

By quadratic equation
0 = ax2 + bx + c
where: a = 1, b = -21600, c = 29482539.60
x2 = As2, x = As

by quadratic formula

−b ± √ b 2−4 ac
x = 2a

−(−21600 ) ± √ (−21600)2−4 (1)(29482539.60)

As =
2(1)
As = 20135.82 / 1464.18
As = 1464.18 mm2 use lesser value

Asmin can be solved applying the section below section 409.6.1.2, page 4-64 NSCP 2015
 Asmin = √ fc' bd √ 25 (400) (540) = 642.86 mm2
=
4 fy 4 (420)
1.4 bd 1.4 ( 400 ) (540)
= = = 720 mm2 ADOPT
fy 420

Asmax = Pmax bd = 0.75 Pb bd

'
fc 600
= 0.75 [ 0.85 β1 ( ¿ ] bd formula 4, β 1 = 0.85 bec, fc’ ¿ 28 MPa
fy 600+fy
25 600
= 0.75 (0.85) (0.85)( )( ¿ (400) (540)
420 600+420
= 4098.21 mm2

therefore: As = 1464.18 mm2 ¿ Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

-AsR = 1464.18 mm2

As
n = n = numbers of rebars
Ao

1464.18
n = π = 4.65 say 5
(20)2
4

Use 5-20 mm ϕ bars

2) –ML = 257.52 kN.m

d = 540 mm
a = 0.05 As
 a
M = ϕ As fy (d – )
2
0.05 As
257.52 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 540 - )
2
0 = As2 – 21600 As + 27250793.6 simplifying

By quadratic formula

As = 20254.59 / 1345.41

As = 1345.41 mm2 ¿Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

Therefore -AsL = 1345.41 mm2

As
n = n = numbers of rebars
Ao

1345.41
n = π = 4.28 say 5
(20)2
4

Use 5-20 mm ϕ bars

3) +M = 191.54 kN.m

d = 540 mm
a = 0.05 As

a
M = ϕ As fy (d – )
2
0.05 As
191.54 (1000)2 = 0.90 As (420) ( 540 - )
2
0 = As2 – 21600 As + 20268783.2 simplifying

By quadratic formula

As = 20616.88 / 983.12

As = 983.12 mm2 ¿Asmin SAFE

¿ Asmax SAFE

Therefore +As = 983.12 mm2

As
n = n = numbers of rebars
Ao
 1983.12
n = π = 3.13 say 4
(20)2
4

Use 4-20 mm ϕ bars