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SWITCHGEAR 97

OUTLINE

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)

MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB)

RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER(RCD)

97

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

98

98

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

99

99

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

100

100

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

101

101

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

102

102

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

103

103

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

104

104

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

105

105

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

106

106

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

107

FIXED THERMAL, FIXED MAGNETIC

ADJUSTABLE THERMAL, FIXED MAGNETIC

FIXED THERMAL, ADJUSTABLE MAGNETIC
ADJUSTABLE THERMAL, ADJUSTABLE MAGNETIC

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SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

108

The meanings of the screen-printed items on the

selector switches of the trip units are:

Ir: adjustment of the long time (or thermal)

setting.
This is a multiplication coefficient of the rating of
the device. Role: protection against overloads.

tr: long time delay in seconds, enabling in

particular the starting current of a motor to be
tolerated.

Isd: short time ("magnetic" or "Im").

This is a multiplier of the Ir setting, often 1.5 to
10 times the Ir current. Role: protection against
short circuits.

108

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

109

tsd: short time delay, enabling in particular the

discrimination (time) to be increased with
downstream feeders and the magnetization peaks
of a transformer or a motor to be tolerated.

Ii: instantaneous current. Role: protecting the

installation against strong short circuits (dead
short circuits) by instantaneous tripping and self-
protection of the circuit breaker.
The li setting must be higher than the Isd setting.

Ig: Ground fault protection. Role: for monitoring

the earth fault current circulating in the (Protective
Earth) PE conductor in TNS earthing systems.

tg: Ground fault protection time delay.

109

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

110

110

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

111

111

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

112

Type B MCCB:
These MCCB trips at current 3 to 5 times its rated current with tripping
time of 0.04 to 13 seconds. These are the 2nd most sensitive types of
MCCB after type Z as they can tolerate very small surges. It must not be
used in places having normal low surges. It will frequently trip even in
normal conditions. They are used for resistive loads and other resistive
elements.
Type C MCCB:
Such MCCB trips at current surges 5 to 10 times its rated current with
tripping time of 0.04 to 5 seconds. As they can tolerate higher surges than
type B, they are used for small inductive loads such as small motors,
transformers and electromagnets used in industries.
112

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SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

113

Type D MCCB:
trips at current 10 to 20 times its rated current with a tripping time of
0.04 to 3 seconds. They can tolerate the highest surges; therefore, they
are used for highly inductive loads having very high inrush current such
as large electrical motors in industries.
Type K MCCB:
trips at 10 to 12 times its rated current with a tripping time of 0.04 to 5
seconds. They are used for inductive loads such as motors with high
inrush current.
Type Z MCCB:
is the most sensitive MCCB as they trip at 2 to 3 times its rated current.
They are used for sensitive semiconductor-based medical or other
expensive equipment that is vulnerable to low current surges.
113

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

114

Applications of MCCBs
Since MCCB can handle very high currents, they are used for heavy-duty applications
such as in industries.
•Motor Protection: MCCB is used in industries to protect large electrical motors from
overloading. It offers adjustable trip settings to tolerate the high starting current with
necessary delay.
•Welding Machine Protection: Welding machines draw a very large amount of current
that an MCB cannot handle. Therefore, MCCB is used for welding machines.
•Electric Feeders Protection: Due to its adjustable setting and high current handling, it
is used in electric feeders to distribute Power because it carries hundreds of amps that a
normal MCB cannot handle.
•Generator Protection: They are also used for protection of large generator that
generates hundreds of amps.
•Capacitor Bank Protection: Capacitor bank is used for power factor correction. MCCB
is also used for its protection against high currents.

114

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SWITCHGEAR 115

OUTLINE

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)

MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB)

RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER(RCD)

115

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB) 116

116

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SWITCHGEAR: AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB) 117

117

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB) 118

118

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SWITCHGEAR: AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB) 119

119

SWITCHGEAR 120

OUTLINE

MINIATURE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCB)

MOLDED CASE CIRCUIT BREAKER (MCCB)

AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB)

RESIDUAL CURRENT CIRCUIT BREAKER(RCD)

120

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SWITCHGEAR: AIR CIRCUIT BREAKER (ACB) 121

121

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE (RCD) 122

I
60 mA

I
60 mA

122

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SWITCHGEAR: RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE (RCD) 123

AT
AT SENSING
SENSING COIL
COIL
F1=F
F1≠F22
I1≠I2
I1=I2 ∴∴
F1 𝐹𝐹 =
≠ 00
I1 I1
∴∴ RELAY
RELAY DON’T
TRIP TRIP
I2 F2 I2

123

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE (RCD) 124

124

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SWITCHGEAR: RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE (RCD) 125

125

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: RESIDUAL CURRENT DEVICE (RCD) 126

126

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127

SWITCHGEAR: HIGH
VOLTAGE CIRCUIT
BREAKERS

127

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, 128

OVERVIEW.

128

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SWITCHGEAR: HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, 129

OVERVIEW.

129

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, 130

OVERVIEW.

130

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SWITCHGEAR: HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, 131

OVERVIEW.

131

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT BREAKERS, 132

OVERVIEW.

General
classification
of high
voltage CBs:

132

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SWITCHGEAR: TYPES OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT 133

BREAKERS.

133

SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

SWITCHGEAR: TYPES OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT 134

BREAKERS.

134

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SWITCHGEAR: TYPES OF HIGH VOLTAGE CIRCUIT 135

BREAKERS.
Present trends in choice of CBs:

135

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