SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
Lec 1/ Pre-Mid 2nd Sem
Human flourishing
● Aristotle
● becoming a good person through
practice, and having a life of the mind.
Eudaimonia
● refers to the condition of human flourishing
or living well
● happiness, welfare, flourishing/wellbeing,
Aristotle's view on the good
● the good is what is good for purposeful
and goal-directed entities.
● The good of each species is the finality
existing in that species.
Western ideas on human flourishing
● focus on individual flourishing as an end
● Egoism and self-interest
● individuals seek their own good/flourishing.
Eastern ideas on human flourishing
● place emphasis on community & idea of
self sacrifice for sake of welfare of society.
● Emphasis on interconnectedness,
harmony, and cultivation.
Eudaimonia
● Person reason for choosing actions stems
from the idea that she must pursue own
good or flourishing
Science
● voyage of exploration
● ongoing and endless process
Impact of Science & Technology on Society:
1. Changed the way we live, work, and think
2. Techno-scientific discoveries and
inventions
3. Influence on individual well-being,
national progress, and environmental
sustainability.
Scientific method
● organized approach to seek knowledge
& answer questions
● forming & testing hypotheses to explain
phenomena.
● logical process used to observe & anser
question
Iterative Process
● scientific method that allows backing up
and repeating.
Steps on how to solve a problem
1. Observe & identify
2. Identify the problem
3. Formulate a hypothesis
4. Conduct experiment
5. Gather and analyze the data
6. Formulate a conclusion & provide
recommendation
importance of diversity and collaboration in the
scientific community towards human flourishing
1. Collaboration and diversity balance
○ possible biases different sets of
beliefs, cultural backgrounds, and
values to balance out the possible
biase
2. Diversity & collaboration stimulate
problem solving.
○ different backgrounds choose to
investigate different question
3. Diverse and collaboration facilitate
specialization
○ diversity generate new research
methods, explanations and ideas,
4. Diversity and collaboration are inspiration
and motivation
○ Interactions encourage innovation
& development of ideas.
5. Diversity and collaboration divide labor.
○ Science is too wide for an
individual on own to handle.
What are the Human Conditions Before and
After Science and Technology? 31
Before Science and Technology:
1. Personal life was not dependent on
technology
2. Purchasing products, living,
communicating, traveling, were less
influenced by technology
3. Mobile phones were simpler and had
fewer functionalities
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
Lec 1/ Pre-Mid 2nd Sem
4. Businesses and organizations faced
challenges in saving time and production
costs.
5. Medicine and healthcare had limitations
in terms of research, treatments, and
saving lives.
6. Agriculture relied on poor irrigation
methods
7. Education relied on blackboards and
chalk, which lack visual illustration.
After Science and Technology:
1. Personal life is highly dependent on
technology,
2. Mobile phones increased functionality.
3. help businesses save time and production
costs
4. Medicine and healthcare have develop
new drugs, treatments, and technology
5. Agriculture advanced irrigation methods
6. Education use of gadgets, smart
whiteboards, internet for learning and
research, providing visual illustrations
3 ways we can understand by “ A Good Life”
1. The Moral Life
2. The Life of Pleasure
3. The Fulfilled life
The Moral Life
● we use the word “Good” is to express
moral approval.
● a responsible life where a moral person
strives to lend assistance to those in need.
● They possess and practice many of the
most important virtues.
● They don't live their entire lives just for
themselves.
Christian moral life - is one that seeks to cultivate
and practice virtue.
The life of Pleasure
Pleasure
● what makes life worth living.
● experience that feels good, that involves
the enjoyment of something.
● enjoying lots of recreational pleasures:
good food, good wine, skiing, scuba
diving, lounging by the pool in the sun with
a cocktail and a beautiful partner.
The Fulfilled Life
● being perfectly alive, filled with purpose
and satisfaction
● We value various things as they serve as
means to other things,
● Ex: smoney for desired purchases and
leisure for pursuing interests.
● Living a fulfilled life involves pursuing your
passions and values.
The meaningful life
● well-being of their family is the main source
of meaning in life.
● one feel connected to the world around
you in all aspects of your life.
● life that has a sense of purpose, fulfilment,
and significance.
The Finished Life
● one that is both enviable and admirable in
all or most of the ways outlined above.
Materialism
● Universe & matter only made up of atoms
● comfort, pleasure, and wealth are the only
highest goals.
● Leucippus & Democritus
Hedonism
● End goal of life in attaining pleasure
● Does not buy any notion of afterlife
● since life is limited, one must indulge itself
with pleasures
● Eat, drink, & be merry for tomorrow we die”.
● if the pleasure was finally gained,
happiness remains fixed.
● Epicurus
Stoicism
● Virtue is happiness & judgement should
based on behavior rather than words
● Practical application than intellectual
enterprise
Stoicism
● School of thought created to who live their
lives in real world
SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY & SOCIETY
Lec 1/ Pre-Mid 2nd Sem
Theism
● ultimate basis of happiness is the
communion w/ God.
● Belief in the existence of a god or gods.
Humanism
● Human beings have the right &
responsibility to give meaning and shape
their own lives.
● Not only stewards of created but
individuals who control for themeselevs &
the world outside them
What is the ultimate goal of a good life?
Eudaimonia,
● means “flourishing” or “living well”,
● ultimate goal of existence.
Role of technology in achieving good life?
● Tallowed us to tamper time and space.
● Communication has been a lot easier for
people from different parts of the world.
Television
● product of different experiments by vaious
people.
● “electric telecope” that had 18 resolution.
● platform for advertisements and
information dissemination.
Computers and Laptops
● Charles Babbage, designed the Analytical
Engine which was used as the basic
framework of the computers even until the
present time.
Roles Played by These Technological
Advancements
● communication. Texting and phoning are
two services provided by mobile phones.
Robotics and Humanity
Robotics
● actuated mechanism programmable in
two or more axes with a degree of
autonomy, moving within its environment,
to perform intended tasks.
service robot
● robot that performs useful tasks for
humans or equipment excluding industrial
automation application.
Personal service robot
● service robot for personal use
● service robot used for non-commercial
task, usually by laypersons.
Ex: domestic servant robot
automated wheelchair,
personal mobility assist robot,
pet exercising robot.
Professional service robot
● service robot for professional use
● service robot used for commercial task,
usually operated by a properly trained
operator.
Ex: cleaning robot for public places,
delivery robot in offices or hospitals,
fire-fighting robot,
rehabilitation robot,
surgery robot in hospitals. I
Roles Played by Robot
These laws were formulated by Isaac Asimov
back in the 1940s.
1. A robot may not injure a human being or,
through inaction, allow a human being to
come to harm
2. A robot must obey the orders given by
human beings except where such orders
would conflict with the first law.
3. A robot must protect its own existence as
long as such protection does not conflict
with the first and second law.
Ethical Dilemma/s Faced by Robotics
1. safety.
2. emotional component.