CPH L4: PRIMARY HEALTH ● 1/1000 in developed

CARE countries and 20-30/1000

in developing countries
● 200 die each year, 100 die
before the age of 5, 100
Primary Health Care survive to the age of 40
-essential health care made ● Infant Mortality Rates
universally accessible to individuals ○ 90/1000 in 37
and acceptable countries
○ 50/1000 in 68
Alma Ata Declaration countries
-main goal of Governments
and World Health Organization in ● Safe Water Supply
the coming decades should be ○ 100% coverage in
attained by all people by the year developed
2000 countries
○ <50% coverage in
● Average Life Expectancy: developing
72 in developed countries, countries
50 in Africa and Southern
Asia Per capita income
● 24 countries with <50 years -measure of the amount of
● 46 countries with <60 years money earned per persian in a
nation
Life Expectancy World Rankings -evaluate the standard of
1. Monaco living and quality of life
2. Japan
3. Singapore Policy Basis for the Health for All
4. Macau ● Alleviate the conditions of
5. San Marino the poor people
6. Iceland ● Increase the work capacity
7. Hongkong ● Reduces political instability
8. Andorra
9. Switzerland Ways of Viewing HFA / 2000
10. Guernsey ● An exhortation to engage in
11. Is(not)rea long term planning
12. Luxembourg ● Contribution of health to
13. Australia social and economic
14. Italy development
15. Sweden ● Health is a fundamental
16. Liechtenstein human right
17. Jersey ● Health begins at home, in
18. Canada schools and in factories
19. France ● Better approaches in
20. Norway preventing diseases
● Alleviating unavoidable
Death Rate diseases and disability
 ● Better ways of growing up, ● Structure
growing old and dying ○ Made with the
gracefully people with political
will and
Primary Health Care Dimensions commitment
● Approach
○ Basic right Declaration of Alma Ata
○ Partnership I. Definition of Health
between the -complete state of
government the physical, mental and social
individual and the well-being
community
○ Health as an II. Health Status
outcome of -inequality between
socio-cultural, the developed and
economic physical developing countries is
& biological factors socially, politically and
○ Use appropriate economically unacceptable
technology
○ Intersectoral collab III. Economic and Social
Development
● Service -required by health
○ Food and nutrition IV. Right of People
○ Safe water -participate
sanitation individually and collectively
○ Maternal and child in the planning and
healthcare implementation of health
○ Family planning care
○ Immunization
○ Prevention, control V. Responsibility of
and treatment of Government
common diseases -health of the
○ Provision of people
essential drugs
○ Prevention and VI. Criteria for PHC
control of -practical and
non-communicable socially acceptable
diseases and methods universally
lifestyle associated accessible to individuals
diseases and families for
○ Promotion of dental self-reliance and
health self-determination
○ Promotion of health
care rehabilitation VII. PHC Activities
of the elderly and -social, biomedical,
the disabled health services, research
and public health
experience
 -coordination of
various sectors
VIII. Government Policies,
Strategies and Plans
-sustenance of
PHC
IX. International
Organizations
-cooperation of
WHO, UNICEF, etc…
X. Peaceful strategy
-better use of
world’s resources
Basic Requirements for Sound
PHC (8 A’s and 3 C’s)
● Appropriateness
-human needs,
priorities and policies
● Accessibility
-can be evaluated
● Availability
-anytime, anywhere
● Accessibility
-geographic,
economic cultural
● Acceptability
-confidentiality and
privacy
● Affordability
-cost within the
resources
● Adequacy
-need and demand
of the community
● Accountability
-feasibility and
financial records
● Completeness
-prevention, early
detection, treatment,
follow-up, etc…
● Comprehensiveness
-all types of health
problems
● Continuity
-coordination of
health providers
Primary Functions of PHC
● Provision of Continuous
and Comprehensive care
● Referral system
● Coordination of Health
Services
● Network of Social Welfare
and Public Health Services
● Economic and Social
Services
Features of PHC
● An Element of Health
System
-1st level of contact
with the people
● Focus on Priorities
-essential health
care needed
● Scientific Basis
-scientifically sound
technologies
● Culture Sensitivity
-socially acceptable
methods
● Equity
-universal
accessibility
 ● Community Participation
-planning, ● Pathogenesis Period
organizing, actuating, ○ Reaction of the
coordinating Host to stimulus
○ Early Lesions
● Sustainability and ○ Advanced Disease
Self-Reliance ○ Convalescence
-continuity of ○ Early Diagnosis
projects and Prompt
Treatment
Levels of Care ○ Rehabilitation
● Primary
○ Barangay health Health Programs of the
Stations Philippines
○ Barangay health ● Adolescent and the Youth
workers Development Program
○ Public Health ● Botika ng Barangay
Nurses ● Breastfeeding Program
● Blood Donation Program
● Secondary ● Cancer Control Program
○ District hospitals ● Child Health
○ Radiation ● Diabetes Mellitus
Technologists Prevention Program
○ Medical ● Dengue Control Program
Technologists ● Doctors to the Barrios
● Tertiary Program
○ Regional Hospitals
○ Provincial Hospitals

Primary Goals of Healthcare

System
● Better Health Outcomes:
Good Quality of Life
● More Responsive Health
System: Adequacy of
Services
● Equitable Health Care
Financing: Free or Low
Services

Levels of Application
● Pre-Pathogenesis Period
○ Agent
○ Host
○ Environment
○ Stimulus
○ Health Promotion
○ Specific Protection