LESSON 1:

INTRODUCTION TO HAIR STYLING

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

This lesson will widen your knowledge about hairstyling, how beneficial it is having hairstyling
skills, and equip you with the responsibilities of a hairstylist. As hairstylist, how do you achieve
success in hairstyling? How does hair styling differ from hairdressing? As a customer, have you
experienced a satisfying service provided by your hairstylist?

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

The learner demonstrates an understanding of the core concepts and theories in performing
styling through:
 Expressing ideas about hairstyling.
 Appreciating the benefits of having hair styling skills.
 Inculcating the responsibilities of a hairstylist

LET US STUDY!
Introduction
Hairdressing is an artistic craft, which can be compared to other professions/arts such as
floristry, window dressing, or clothing design. Therefore, you must develop your artistic ability, after
all, hairdressing is a business that offers services to enhance the client's appearance, thus creating a
better impression.

Development of Hair Styling

The oldest known depiction of hair styling is hair braiding which dates back about 30,000
years. In history, women's hair was often elaborately and carefully dressed in special ways. From the
time of the Roman Empire until the Middle Ages, most women grew their hair if it would naturally
grow.
Between the late 15th century and the 16th century, a very high hairline on the forehead was
considered attractive. Around the same time, European men often wore their hair cropped no longer
than shoulder-length. In the early 17th century, male hairstyles grew longer, with waves or curls
being considered desirable.
Throughout times, people have worn their hair in a wide variety of styles, largely determined
by the fashions of the culture they live in. Hairstyles are markers and signifiers of social class, age,
marital status, racial identification, political beliefs, and attitudes about gender.
For you to have more ideas on hairstyling, below is a discussion of who can be considered as
hairstylist and what is hairstyling:

Who is a hairstylist?
Hairstylist is a person who cuts and styles people's hair professionally, studies and applies of
beauty treatment. They help people to look and feel their best with a good hairstyle. They may be
asked by the clients to curl, wave, perm, bleach, tint or dye a customer’s hair, or merely to cut and
style it.

What is hairstyling?
A hairstyle, hairdo, or haircut refers to the styling of hair, usually on the human scalp.
Sometimes, this could also mean an editing of facial or body hair. The fashioning of hair can be
considered an aspect of personal grooming, fashion, and cosmetics, although practical, cultural, and
popular considerations also influence some hairstyles.
 Each appointment begins with a consultation with the customer, to find out what they want
done to their hair and offer potential options. They may suggest a hairstyle compatible with the
client’s physical features or determine the best style from the client’s instructions and
preferences.
  In determining the style appropriate for each client, consider the desired look, hair texture,
length and density, the client’s head shape and facial features, and hair growth pattern and
elasticity.
 As styles continually change and evolve, hairdressers must also continue to upgrade and learn
new skills to keep up with new trends, products, and styles. This training may involve
travelling to attend conventions and hair shows or taking short courses at private styling
schools.
 Part of the success in hairstyling is dependent on the availability and working condition of
tools, materials, and equipment needed such as brushes, combs, rollers, pins, clips, hairdryers,
crimping irons, curling tongs, straightening iron, hot brushes, and styling products.
 Physical factors include natural hair type and growth patterns, face and head shape from
various angles, and overall body proportions; medical considerations may also apply.
 Self-image may be directed towards conforming to mainstream values (military-style crew cuts
or current "fad" hairstyles such as the Dido flip), identifying with distinctively groomed
subgroups (e.g., punk hair), or obeying religious dictates (e.g., Orthodox Jewish have payot,
Rastafari have Dreadlocks, North India jatas, or the Sikh practice of Kesh), though this is highly
contextual and a "mainstream" look in one setting may be limited to a "subgroup" in another.

A hairstyle is achieved by arranging hair in a certain way, occasionally using combs, a blow-dryer,
gel, or other products. The practice of styling hair is often called hairdressing, especially when done as
an occupation.
Hairstyling may also include adding accessories (such as headbands or barrettes) to the hair to
hold it in place, enhance its ornamental appearance, or partially or fully conceal it with coverings such
as a kippa, hijab, tam, or turban.

Benefits of Learning the Art of Hair Styling:

Your hairstyle has a very strong impact on your personality. As your overall appearance
depends upon your hairstyle, that is why hair styling is becoming a popular business and people
spend a lot of money and time to get their hair done the way they like. If you have a little skill and
interest, then you can get a lot of benefits by learning hair styling.

You can learn hairstyling skills from a good esthetician school, but these guides can be helpful
as you start your career.
 The first advantage of learning hair styling skill is that most men get regular haircuts usually
once or twice a month.
 Hairstyling is not only learning different hairstyles; it includes offering different haircuts,
shampooing, blow-drying, coloring, and many other treatments related to hair. So, you have a
lot of things to do or offer for your client and make money.
 Nowadays, women have become more conscious about their looks and try to keep looking
younger by getting fresh hairstyles, colors, and other beauty treatments that salons offer.
 If you know your profession well, you will have lots of clients around you all the time to keep
your business flourishing. So, there are some financial benefits of learning hairstyling and
other things in this profession.
 It is not necessary to start up your own business after getting certified by an esthetician school,
you can work in a salon as a stylist and benefit from the experience of those who know better
techniques and more actual experience.
 You will only get a job in a good salon if you are a qualified hairstylist and groom your skills
before establishing your own business.
 It is essential to learn the skills before stepping into a professional field. You can learn a variety
of haircuts and styles and bring variations in them if you have learned the basic art of styling.
 For those who have a passion for this; hair styling is an art. If you have an artistic mind, then
you will love to play with different types of hair and enjoy experimenting with them. By
learning such styling from esthetician schools, you will get to know how to bring change in
 one's appearance with your skills. It gives a good feeling when people like their new looks with
your skill and appreciate your talent.

Hair Stylist Duties and Responsibilities:

Hair Stylists work with customers to help them achieve the look they wanted or desired. Some
of the duties and responsibilities of a good hairstylist include:
 Shampoo, cut, dye, and style hair. Apply chemicals to change the texture of hair.
 Work with razors, trimmers, and other implements to achieve desired looks.
 Give clients advice on how to maintain a hairstyle or look.
 Style clients' hair for special events such as weddings and photoshoots.
 Order and maintain supplies for hair styling and coloring.
 Ensure work areas are clean and in alignment with applicable health and safety regulations.
LESSON 2:
HAIRSTYLING

WHAT IS THIS LESSON ABOUT?

After learning about what hairstyling is, as well as the responsibilities and duties of a hair
stylist, in hair design, it is important to analyze the natural tendencies of the client’s hair. This means
looking at the peculiarities of hair growth, such as hairline growth patterns. In this lesson, you will
learn how to analyze the fundamental principles of hairstyling, use the appropriate tools and
materials for hairstyling, and observe safety precautions and sanitation while working.

WHAT WILL YOU LEARN?

The learner demonstrates an understanding of the core concepts and theories of performing
styling through:
 Analyzing the fundamental principles of hairstyling.
 Using appropriate equipment, implements, and supplies.
 Observing safety precautions and sanitation while working

LET US STUDY!
Analyzing Head and Facial Features Heads and faces come in all shapes and sizes:
It will be helpful to observe the following characteristics:
 face length and width against the normal proportion.
 the wildest point on the face (cheek, forehead, or chin)
 the shape of the forehead (square, round, or heart-shaped hairline)
 the chin (square, rounded, or pointed)

Analyzing Other Factors Affecting Hair Design

1. Body Proportions
This includes the client’s head, neck, and shoulders. A large elaborate hairstyle on the same
person can upset his/her proportions and emphasize his/her size. Likewise, a short, cropped hairstyle
on the same person may also be out of proportion.
The hairstyle should therefore relate to the body proportions and be balanced. A tall person
who wears his/her hair too high accentuates his/her height, while a style with volume at the side and
flatness on the top will not suit a short person. It is important to note the body shape and size of the
hairstyle to maintain a balanced look.
2. Occasions and Dress
A. Occasion - There are two types to consider: day and evening. A daytime style must be
practical and easy to manage, whereas an evening style can be created for a special
occasion. Such a style may even have to go with a certain dress.
B. Dress - the client’s dress will usually reflect his/her job and the way he/she lives; the
hairstyle should complement the dress.

The different fashion types can be described as follows:

 High fashion: These clients usually have modern, current hairstyles and clothes.
 Quietly elegant: This image is typical of people who work in an official capacity and
requires a hairstyle with a simple but well-groomed finish.
 Conservative: These clients are conformists. They want traditional and practical
hairstyles.
 Casual: This group usually wants an easy-care, no-fuss hairstyle.
3. Age
 There are five groups to consider:
 Children
 Teenagers
 Client aged 20 to 40 yrs. old.
 Middle-aged clients (40 to 60 yrs. old)
 Senior citizens (60 yrs. old and above)

The older the client, the softer the hairstyle you will need to create. Younger clients can usually
wear straight or geometric hairstyles.

Tools, Materials, and Equipment Used in Hairstyling:

The success of hairstyling is not only dependent on the skill of the hairstylist, but also on the
availability and working conditions of tools, materials, and equipment needed.
Below are some of them:

1. BRUSHES - are used before settings to disentangle the hair before shampooing and after
setting to remove all the roller marks and to dress the hair. Flat brushes are normally used
with open tufts of bristles that can go through the hair easily without tangling.
2. COMBS - are used to removing tangles (usually when the hair is wet) for parting and
sectioning the hair and for combing out or dressing the hair.
a. Dressing combs - ideal for backcombing, smoothing, and dressing the hair.
b. Tail combs - used for setting and for sectioning the hair.
c. Rake combs - useful for disentangling hair after shampooing.
3. ROLLERS - can be used to add volume to the hair as well as make it curly. Heated hot rollers
(used on dry hair) are a speedy way of creating strong curls. For loose curls, take out the
rollers while they are still warm. Velcro rollers are non-heated, but you can put them into dry
or damp hair to add lift at the roots.
4. PINS AND CLIPS
a. Straight pins - are made of metal and must never be used during perming, as they will react
with the perm lotion and discolor the hair. They are used to secure rollers during setting
and for dressing long hair.
b. Plastic setting pins - these can be also used to hold rollers in place during setting, but they
do tend to distort the hair and leave marks.
c. Fine Hairpins - are mainly used during combing out, especially when putting up long hair.
They are often available in several shades to match the client’s hair color. They are not very
strong and will hold only small amounts of hair.
5. HAIR DRYERS - hand-held dryers/diffusers are used to quickly blow-dry the hair. It is a matter
of personal choice when buying a hairdryer.
6. CRIMPING IRONS - have textured plates that produce a pattern of straight-line crimps on
straight hair. They create volume, make the hair appear thicker, and are useful for long hair.
7. ELECTRIC CURLING TONGS OR IRONS - are thermally equipment, consisting of a metal
cylinder barrel, around which hair is wrapped to add curl or wave movement.
8. STRAIGHTENING IRONS - are used after blow-drying to give a blunt, sleek, and straight look.
The two flat, heated plates are clamped over a section of hair and slowly drawn down to ends.
It should not be used too often, as they cause too much dryness to the hair.
9. HOT BRUSHES - are easier to use than tongs, but it will be difficult to achieve quite as many
different effects (such as ringlets) with them. Hot brushes work in the same way as tongs but
the teeth or bristles help to grip the hair. They can be easier to work with than tongs, but you
must take clean sections, or they can become tangled in the hair.

Observing Safety Precautions and Sanitation:

 Always wear your protective equipment (PPE).
 Clean up any spillages immediately.
 Ensure that all tools and equipment are properly sterilized.
 Appliance should never be left unattended when plugged in.
 Most electrical unit is hot when in use. Do not let eyes or bare skin touch heated surfaces.
 Make sure that the client is comfortable throughout the service.
 Sanitize implements, cape, and your workstation.
 Wash your hands with soap and warm water.