LFRA^FO RHODFMXLXF

R^HHJLFGSEF

E. JAOSHR
JAOSHR DFSF^
DFSF^ GHDES
GHDES
F. RHOK
RHOKH^
H^TEF
TEFO
O
Rrhhjlfgsef
Rrhhjlfgsef fdflfm jhlfeofo
jhlfeofo gultearkfo
gultearkfo sphseiej
sphseiej pfdf jhmfgelfo
jhmfgelfo yfok
detfodf
detfodfee dhokfo
dhokfo thr`fd
thr`fdeoy
eoyff mephrt
mephrthos
hose,
e, hdhgf
hdhgf dfo prathe
pratheour
ouref
ef tht
thtfpe
fpe tedfj
tedfj
ghouo`
ghouo`ujf
ujfo
o tfodf-
tfodf-tfo
tfodf
df jhlfeo
jhlfeofo
fo vfsjul
vfsjulhr
hr ftfu
ftfu mephrt
mephrthos
hosee shnhlu
shnhlugoy
goyff
shdfokjfo kh`flfoyf nefsf guocul shthlfm jhmfgelfo nhrugur >2 geokku
(Ankyofchf >225 dflfg Ourfrei Fged M & Jusugf Mfrdme, >268)
Rrhhjlfgpse
Rrhhjlfgpseff fdflfm
fdflfm seodrag
seodrag sphseiej
sphseiej jhmfgelfo
jhmfgelfo nhrupf nhrjurfokoyf
phriuse arkfo fjenft vfsaspfsgh dfo fjtevfse hodathl (Cuooeokmfg, >266).
Rhoyfjet eoe ghrupfjfo phoyfjet dhokfo-tfodf-tfodf mephrthose, hdhgf dfo
pratheoegf yfok tegnul fjenft jhmfgelfo yfok
yfo k nefsfoyf thr`fde pfdf trewulfo
jhtekf jhmfgelfo thtfpe dfpft tegnul `ukf shnhlug trewulfo jhtekf shphrte
pfdf pfseho galf medftedasf ([ejo`asfstra, >22=).
Rrhhjlfgpsef fdflfm tegnuloyf mephrthose deshrtfe pratheouref dfo ahdhgf
fjenft jhmfgelfo shthlfm >2 geokku ftfu shkhrf shthlfm phrsfleofo (Gfos`ahr,

>22;).
Rrhhjlfgpsef fdflfm seodrag sphseiej yfok thr`fde pfdf jhmfgelfo nhrupf
nhrjurfokoyf phriuse arkfo fjenft vfsaspfsgh dfo fjtevfse hodathl.
Rrhtheouref ftfu thrdfpftoyf 32gk ftfu lhnem pratheo dflfg ureo phr >4 `fg
ghrupfjfo tfodf yfok pfste uotuj dethkfjjfo defkoases prhhjlfgpsef.

N. JLFS
JLFSEI
EIEJ
EJFS
FSEE
Ghou
Ghouru
rutt Gfos
Gfos`a
`ahr
hr (>22
(>22;)
;),, pr
prhh
hhjl
jlfg
fgps
psef
ef de
denh
nhdf
dfjf
jfo
o gho`
gho`fd
fdee duf
duf
nhrdfsfrjfo tfodf dfo kh`flf shnfkfe nhrejut 0
 6. Rr
Rrhh
hhjl
jlfg
fgps
psef
ef reokf
reokfo
o
Tfodf dfo kh`flf yfok guocul pfdf prhhjlfgpsef reokfo fdflfm shnfkfe
nhrejut 0
f. Th
Thjf
jfof
ofo
o df
dfrf
rfm
m 642/
642/52
52 ggMk
ggMk ft
ftfu
fu lh
lhne
nem
m yf
yfok
ok de
deuj
ujur
ur pf
pfdf
df pa
pase
sese
se
nhrnfreok thrlhotfok ftfu jhofejfo sestalej 32 ggMk ftfu
f tfu lhnem. Cfrf
phokujurfo shjurfok-jurfokoyf pfdf duf jfle phghrejsffo dhokfo
`frfj phrejsf sftu `fg, shnfejoyf 9 `fg.
n. Ahdhgf ugug, jfje `fre tfokfo, dfo gujf ftfu jhofejfo nhrft nfdfo
sftu jelakrfg ftfu lhnem phr geokku.
c. Rrathe
Rratheour
ouref
ef jufotet
jufotetfte
fteii 2,3 kr ftfu
ftfu lhnem phr lethr
lethr,, juflet
jufletfte
fteii +6 ftfu
ftfu +>
pfdf ureo gedstrhfg
gedstrhfg..

>. Rr
Rrhh
hhjl
jlfg
fgps
psef
ef nh
nhrf
rftt
Tfodf dfo kh`flf yfok guocul pfdf prhhjlfgpsef nhrft fdflfm shnfkfe
nhrejut 0
f. Thjfofo dfrfm
dfrfm sestalej
sestalej ≨692 ggMk ftfu defstalej
defstalej ≨662ggMk.
≨662ggMk.
n. Rratheouref + ≨ 8 k/>4 `fg ftfu ≨ 3 pfdf ths chlup.
c. Alekuref
Alekuref (<
(< 422 gl
gl dflfg
dflfg >4 `fg).
`fg).
d. Sfjet jhpflf
jhpflf yfok mhnft ftfu
ftfu kfokkufo phoklemf
phoklemftfo.
tfo.
h. Oyhre hpekfstrug
hpekfstrug dfo ejthru
ejthrus.
s.
i. Ahdhgf pfru
k. Tragna
Tragnaset
setaph
aphoef.
oef.
m. Rhrtugnumfo
Rhrtugnumfo `foeo
`foeo thrmfgnft.
thrmfgnft. Htealak
Htealakee

C. HTEA
HTEALA
LAKE
KE
Ghourut ^ansao dfo [fukm (>266), htealake pfste phoyhnfn kfokkufo
eoe gfsem nhlug `hlfs. Jhcurekffo pfdf gfsflfm plfshotfse shrtf hodatmhleug
enu,
enu, fjfo
fjfo th
thtf
tfpe
pe ghjf
ghjfoe
oesg
sghh yf
yfok
ok ghoyh
ghoyhnf
nfnj
njfo
fo de
desi
siuok
uokse
se hodat
hodathl
hl df
dfo
o
munuokfoooyf dhokfo plfshotf gfsem tedfj `hlfs.
 Th
Thrd
rdfp
fpft
ft nf
nfoy
oyfj
fj if
ifjt
jtar
ar rese
reseja
ja yf
yfok
ok ghgp
ghgprh
rhde
desp
spas
ases
esee th
thr`
r`fde
fdeoy
oyff
prhhjlfgpsef. Thrdfpft jhchodhruokfo nfmwf ghgeleje lhnem nfoyfj ifjtar
reseja ugugoyf ghouo`ujjfo jhfdffo yfok lhnem nuruj. Nhrejut eoe fdflfm
nhnhrfpf ifjtar reseja yfok thrjfet (Ourfrei Fged M & Jusugf Mfrdme,
>268) 0
6. Rrh hjlfgs
hjlfgsef
ef pfdf
pfdf jhmfg
jhmfgelf
elfo
o phrtfg
phrtfgff
>. ^ewfyft
^ewfyft jhlufrk
jhlufrkff dhokfo
dhokfo prh-hjlf
prh-hjlfgsef
gsef ftfu hjlfgsef
hjlfgsef
3. Enu mfgel
mfgel dhokfo
dhokfo usef
usef jurfok
jurfok dfre
dfre >2 tfmuo
tfmuo ftfu
ftfu lhnem
lhnem dfre 38 tfmuo
tfmuo
4. [foetf
[foetf dhokfo kfokkufo
kfokkufo iuokse
iuokse arkfo
arkfo (defnhth
(defnhths,
s, phoyfjet
phoyfjet keo`fl,
keo`fl, gekrfeo
gekrfeo
dfo thjfofo dfrfm teokke)
8. Jhmf
Jhmfge
gelf
lfo
o jh
jhgn
gnfr
fr

D. RFTAIE
RFTAIESEA
SEALAK
LAKEE
Rfdf prhhjl
prhhjlfgp
fgpsef
sef thr`fd
thr`fdee spfsgh
spfsgh phgnul
phgnulum
um dfrfm
dfrfm deshrt
deshrtfe
fe dhokfo
dhokfo
rhthose kfrfg dfo fer. Rfdf neapse keo`fl dethgujfo spfsgh mhnft frthrealf
klaghr
klaghralu
alus.
s. Rfdf nhnhrf
nhnhrfpf
pf jfsus,
jfsus, lugho
lugho frt
frthre
hrealf
alf shdhge
shdhgejef
jefo
o shgpet
shgpetoyf
oyf
shmeok
shmeokkf
kf mfoyf
mfoyf dfpft
dfpft delflu
delfluee alhm
alhm sftu
sftu shl dfrfm ghrfm.
ghrfm. @fde
@fde `e
`ejf
jf shguf
shguf
frthrealf dflfg tunum ghokflfge spfsgh, gfjf thjfofo dfrfm fjfo ofej,
shnf
shnfkf
kfee us
usfmf
fmf-u
-usf
sfmf
mf uo
uotu
tuj
j ghokf
ghokftf
tfse
se jh
jhofe
ofejf
jfo
o th
thjf
jfofo
ofo ph
phre
reih
ihrr fk
fkfr
fr
ajsekh
ajsekhofs
ofsee `freok
`freokfo
fo dfpft
dfpft decuju
decujupe,
pe, shdfok
shdfokjfo
jfo jhofejf
jhofejfo
o nhrft
nhrft nfdfo
nfdfo dfo
ahdhgf yfok deshnfnjfo alhm phoegnuofo fer yfok nhrlhnemfo dflfg rufokfo
eothrstet
eothrstetefl
efl nhlug dejhtfmue
dejhtfmue shnfnoyf, guokjeo jfrhof rhthose fer dfo kfrfg.
Rratheouref dfpft deshnfnjfo alhm spfsgh frthrealf shmeokkf thr`fde phrunfmfo
pfdf klaghralus.

H. GFOEIHS
GFOEIHSTFS
TFSEE JLEOES
JLEOES
6. Rrhhjlfgsef ^eokfo
f. Th
Thjf
jfof
ofo
o df
dfrf
rfm
m 642/
642/52
52 ggMk
ggMk ft
ftfu
fu lh
lhne
nem
m yf
yfok
ok de
deuj
ujur
ur pf
pfdf
df pa
pase
sese
se

nhrnfreok thrlhotfok ftfu jhofejfo sestalej 32 ggMk ftfu lhnem.

 n. Ahdhgf ugug, jfje `fre tfokfo, dfo gujf ftfu jhofejfo nhrft nfdfo
sftu jelakrfg ftfu lhnem phr geokku.
c. Rrathe
Rratheour
ouref
ef jufotet
jufotetfte
fteii 2,3 kr ftfu
ftfu lhnem phr lethr
lethr,, juflet
jufletfte
fteii +6 ftfu
ftfu +>
pfdf ureo gedstrhfg
gedstrhfg..
>. Rrhhjlfgsef Nhrft
f. Thjfofo
Thjfofo dfrfm
dfrfm sestale
sestalej
j ≨692 ggMk ftfu defstalej
defstalej ≨662ggMk
≨662ggMk
n. Rratheouref + ≨ 8 k/>4 `fg ftfu ≨ 3 pfdf ths chlup
c. Al
Alek
ekur
uref
ef (<
(< 422
422 gl dfl
dflfg
fg >4
>4 `fg)
`fg)
d. Sfjet
Sfjet jhpflf
jhpflf yfok
yfok mhnft
mhnft ftfu
ftfu kfokkufo
kfokkufo phokl
phoklemf
emftfo
tfo
h. Oyhr
Oyhree hpekf
hpekfst
stru
rug
g dfo
dfo ejth
ejthru
russ
i. Ahdhgf pfru

k. Trag
Tragna
nase
seta
taph
phoe
oeff
m. Rhrtug
Rhrtugnumf
numfo o `foeo
`foeo thrmfg
thrmfgnft
nft.. Hteala
Htealake
ke

I. RHGH^EJ
RHGH^EJSFF
SFFO
O RHOXO@
RHOXO@FOK
FOK
Rhghrejsffo lfnarftareug ghlepute 0
6. Rhghrejsff
Rhghrejsffo
o dfrfm lhokjfp
lhokjfp dhokfo mfpusfo
mfpusfo dfrfm
dfrfm
f. Rhouruofo
Rhouruofo mhgaklane
mhgaklaneo
o (oelfe
(oelfe ru`ujfo
ru`ujfo uotuj
uotuj enu
enu mfgel
mfgel fdflfm
fdflfm 6>-64
6>-64 kr
%)
n. Mhgftajret ghoeokjft (oelfe ru`ujfo 3;-43 val%)
c. Tragna
Tragnaset
set ghour
ghouruo
uo (oelfe
(oelfe ru`uj
ru`ujfo
fo 682-482
682-482 renu/gg3)
renu/gg
>. Xr
Xreo
eofl
fles
es
Dethgujfo pratheouref dedflfg ureo
3. Rhghrejsff
Rhghrejsffo
o iuokse
iuokse mfte
4. Ths Jegef
Jegef Dfrfm
Dfrfm
Fsfg Xrft Ghoeokjft
8. ^fde
^fdeal
alak
akee
K. JAGR
JAGRLEJ
LEJFSE
FSE
6. Rfdf Enu
Dhpr
Dhprhs
hsee yfok
yfok tedf
tedfj
j th
thrt
rtfok
fokfo
foee dh
dhokf
okfo
o nf
nfej
ej fj
fjfo
fo ghoe
ghoegn
gnul
uljf
jfo
o
psejases, prhvflhose
p rhvflhose psejases pfdf
pfd f jhmfgelfo tedfj delfparjfo fjfo thtfpe
mfl eoe deyfjeoe shnfkfe jfsus yfok lfokjf (Jarostheo dfo Clfytao, >22>).
Gfreohscu ht fl. (>264) ghokuokjfpjfo nfmwf jagplejfse thrjfet dhokfo
fd
fdfo
foyf
yf st
strh
rhss df
dfo
o dh
dhpr
prhs
hsee fo
foth
thof
oftf
tfll pf
pfdf
df en
enu
u de
defo
fotf
tfrf
rfoy
oyff fd
fdfl
flfm
fm
phrdfrfmfo, thr`fdeoyf fnartus spaotfo, dethgujfooyf jhlfeofo pfdf
plfshotf dfo fdfoyf ohjrases pfdf velle dfo dhseduf, shrtf desiuokse
hodatmhlefl.
Enu dhokfo dhprhse
dhprhse fothoftfl
fothoftfl dfpft ghoyhnfnjfo
ghoyhnfnjfo jhkfkflfo eoesefse
eoesefse

ghoyusu dfo nhrjurfokoyf durfse lfjtfse. Fjfo thtfpe, seift jfusfl nhlug
`hlfs, mfl eoe jhguokjeofo thrjfet dhokfo ohurahodajreo pfdf enu
(Ghltzhr-Nrady dfo Stuhnh, >264).
>. Rfdf Nfye
Nfyee yfok
Nfy yfok enuoyf
enuoyf ghokfl
ghokflfge
fge str
strhs,
hs, chgfs,
chgfs, ftfu
ftfu nfmjfo
nfmjfo dhprhs
dhprhsee
fothoftfl ghgpuoyfe phoeokjftfo reseja uotuj thr`fde jhlfmerfo prhgftur
(Laagfos ht fl.,
fl., >263), ghoyhnfnjfo nhrft nfye lfmer rhodfm ([fda ht fl.,
fl.,
>264: Laagfos ht fl.,
fl., >263), shrtf dfpft ghokkfokku serjulfse gfthrofl-
ih
ihtf
tfll (I
(Iu
u ht fl.,
fl., >264). Strhs dfo fdfoyf dhprhse shlfgf jhmfgelfo hrft
jfetfo
jfetfooyf
oyf dhokfo
dhokfo guocul
guoculoyf
oyf kfokkuf
kfokkufoo
oo phrjhg
phrjhgnfok
nfokfo
fo sfrfi
sfrfi `foeo,
`foeo,
jh
jhlf
lfeo
eofo
fo plfs
plfsho
hotf
tf,, fn
fnar
artu
tuss yf
yfok
ok spao
spaotf
tfo,
o, df
dfo
o jh
jhlf
lfme
merf
rfo
o prht
prhthr
hrg
g
(Gfreohscu ht fl.,
fl., >264).
Fofj-fofj yfok lfmer dfre enu yfok ghokflfge dhprhse fothoftfl
lhnem guokjeo ghokflfge phoyegpfokfo phrelfju dfo gfsflfm psejalakes
ge
gesf
sflo
loyf
yf dh
dhpr
prhs
hsee sh
shrt
rtff kfokk
kfokkufo
ufo ph
phrt
rtug
ugnu
numf
mfo
o dfo ph
phrj
rjhg
hgnf
nfok
okfo
fo
([hessgfo ht fl.,
fl., >264).
M. RHOFTFLFJSF
RHOFTFLFJSFOFFO
OFFO GHDES
6. Rr
Rrhh
hhjl
jlfg
fgps
psef
ef ^e
^eok
okfo
fo
Ghourut Sfeiuddeo (>22=), de nfwfm eoe fdflfm nhnhrfpf phoftflfjsfoffo
pfdf enu mfgel dhokfo prhhjlfgpsef reokfo 0
f. Xsef
Xsef jhmfg
jhmfgel
elfo
fo jurfo
jurfok
k dfre
dfre 3;
3; geokku
geokku
6) ^fwf
^fwftt @f
@fllfo
Ghgfotfu thjfofo dfrfm, pratheouref, rhilhjs, dfo jaodese `foeo,
Lhnem
Lhnem nfoyfj
nfoyfj esterf
esterfmft
mft,, Deet
Deet nefsf,
nefsf, Ted
Tedfj
fj phrlu
phrlu denhre
denhrejfo
jfo anft-
anft-
anftfo, Fpfnelf rfwft `flfo tedfj ghguokjeojfo, gfjf delfjujfo
phrfwftfo de rugfm sfjet.

>) ^fwf
^fwftt Eofp
Eofp
Deet nefsf, Ghgfotfu thjfofo dfrfm duf jfle dflfg shmfre dfo
pratheouref sftu jfle dflfg shmfre, Tedfj phrlu anft-anftfo, Tedfj
phrlu deurhtej, jhcufle `ejf thrdfpft hdhgf pfru, dhjagphosfse
jardes
jardes ftfu
ftfu kfkfl
kfkfl keo`fl
keo`fl fjut,
fjut, Fpfnel
Fpfnelff thjfofo
thjfofo defsta
defstalej
lej turuo
turuo
sfgpfe oargfl, enu dfpft depulfokjfo dhokfo ghgnhrejfo ofsemft
uotuj esterfmft, guoculoyf kh`flf prhhjlfgpsef nhrft, dfo jaotral
duf jfle dflfg shgeokku.
n. Xsef jhmfgelfo lhnem dfre 3; geokku
6) Fpfnel
Fpfnelff shrvej
shrvejss gftfok,
gftfok, lfjujfo
lfjujfo eodujse
eodujse dhokfo
dhokfo ajsetase
ajsetaseo
o 8 EX
dflf
dflfg
g 822g
822gL
L dhjs
dhjsttras
rash EY 62 th
thtths
hs//ghoe
ghoett ft
ftfu
fu dhok
dhokfo
fo
prastfklfodeo.
>) Fpfnelf
Fpfnelf shrvejs
shrvejs nhlug gftfok,
gftfok, nhrejfo
nhrejfo prastfklf
prastfklfodeo,
odeo, gesapras
gesaprastal
tal
ftfu jfththr Ialhy, ftfu thrgeofse dhokfo shjsea shsfrhf.
>. Rrhh
Rrhhjl
jlfg
fgps
psef
ef Nhr
Nhrft
ft

De nfwfm eoe fdflfm phofokfofo fwfl yfok dfpft denhrejfo jhpfdf pfseho
dhokfo prhhjlfgpsef nhrft ghourut Sfeiuddeo (>22=)
(>22= ) 0
 f. Fpfn
Fpfnel
elff th
thjf
jfof
ofo
o defs
defsta
tale
lej
j lhne
lhnem
m df
dfre
re 662g
662ggM
gMk,
k, nh
nhre
rejf
jfo
o th
thrf
rfpe
pe
fotemephrthose sfgpfe thjfofo defstalej de fotfrf 52-622ggMk.

n. Rfsfok eoius ^eokhr Lfjtft dhokfo `frug nhsfr ujurfo 69 kfukh ftfu
lhnem.

c. Xjur jhshegnfokf
jhshegnfokfo
o cferfo,
cferfo, `fokfo sfgpfe thr`fde
thr`fde avhrla
avhrlafd.
fd.

d. Jfththresf
Jfththresfse
se ureoh
ureoh uotuj phokhlufr
phokhlufrfo
fo valugh
valugh dfo pratheour
pratheouref.
ef. Fpfnelf
Fpfnelf
`uglfm ureoh
u reoh <32gL phr `fg, eoius cferfo dephrmftejfo 6 6/= `fg dfo
pfotfu jhguokjeofo hdhgf pfru.

h. @f
@fokf
okfo
o teok
teokkf
kflj
ljfo
fo pf
pfse
seho
ho sh
shode
odere
refo
fo jf
jfrh
rhof
of jh
jh`f
`fok
ok de
desh
shrt
rtfe
fe fs
fspe
perf
rfse
se
dfpft thr`fde shwfjtu-wfjtu.

i. Anshrv
Anshrvfse
fse tfodf-
tfodf-tfo
tfodf
df vetfl,
vetfl, rhilhjs
rhilhjs dfo dhoyut
dhoyut `fotuok
`fotuok `foeo
`foeo shtefp
shtefp
`fg.

k. Fusjul
Fusjultfs
tfsee pfru
pfru uotuj
uotuj ghoc
ghocfre
fre tfodf
tfodf

m. Fusjultfse pfru uotuj ghocfre tfodf hdhgf pfru. Jrhpetfse ghrupfjfo

tfodf hdhgf pfru. @ejf thr`fde hdhgf pfru, stap phgnhrefo cferfo dfo
nhrejfo deurhtej
deurhtej gesfloyf
gesfloyf iurashgedh 42 gk eotrfvhof.

e. Oelfe phgnhjufo dfrfm dhokfo u`e phgnhjufo

phgnhjufo nhdsedh
nhdsedh.. @ejf phgnhjufo
tedfj thr`fde shsudfm ; ghoet, jhguokjeofo thrdfpft jafkulfpfte.

E. RH
RHOC
OCHK
HKFM
FMFO
FO
Rhoc
Rhochk
hkfm
fmfo
fo tegnul
gnuloy
oyff prhh
prhhjl
jlfg
fgps
pseef dfpf
dfpftt de
dellfjuj
fjujfo
fo dhok
dhokfo
fo
phghrejsffo fothoftfl cfrh shcfrf thrftur. Kh`flf eoe eoe dfpft detfokfoe shcfrf
thpft.
thpft. Rhoyulu
Rhoyulumfo
mfo thotfo
thotfok
k gfoiff
gfoifftt ese
eserfm
rfmft
ft fjfo
fjfo nfoyfj
nfoyfj nhrkuof
nhrkuof dflfg
dflfg
phochkfmfo. Esterfmft tedfj shlflu nhrfrte terfm nfreok de thgpft tedur, thtfpe enu
gfsem dfpft ghlfjujfo jhkeftfo shmfre-mfre, mfoyf dejurfoke fotfrf jhkeftfo
thrs
thrshn
hnut
ut,, enu
enu defo
defo`u
`urj
rjfo
fo duduj
duduj ft
ftfu
fu nh
nhrn
rnfr
freo
eok.
k. Outr
Outres
esee phote
photeok
ok uo
uotu
tuj
j
 dephrm
dephrmfte
ftejfo
jfo shlfgf
shlfgf mfgel,
mfgel, thrutf
thrutfgf
gf prathe
pratheo.
o. Deht
Deht prathe
pratheo
o yfok fdhjuft
fdhjuft
nhrgfoifft uotuj phrtugnumfo dfo phrnfejfo shl dfo trfosiargfse leped.

EE. JAOSHR
JAOSHR DFSF^
DFSF^ JHRH^F
JHRH^F[FT
[FTFO
FO
F. RHOKJF@EFO
RHOKJF@EFO
f. Dftf Xgug Rfseho
Ofgf, Xsef, `hoes jhlfgeo, fkfgf, flfgft, suju/nfoksf, stftus
phrjfweofo, phjhr`ffo, phodedejfo
n. ^ewfyft Jhmfgelfo dfo Rhrsfleofo yfok lflu
c. ^ewfyft Keohjalake
d. Dftf ugug Jhshmftfo Sfft eoe

6. Stftus ansthtrec (KRFM)

>. Jhfdffo ugug, jhsfdrfo, NN/TN
3. Tfodf-tfodf Yetfl
4. Mhfd Ta Tah

RALF IXOKSE JHSHMFTFO

f. Fjtevetfs
Kh`flf 0 jhlhgfmfo, phofgnfmfo nhrft nfdfo, rhilhj iesealakes +/+ , rhilhj
pftalakes -/-.
Tfodf 0 phgnhokjfjfo jfje, `fre tfokfo, dfo gujf
n. Serjulfse
Kh`flf 0 phouruofo ajshkho
Tfodf 0 Eosphjse 0 Rhrut ghgnuocet shsufe usef jhmfgelfo fthrg, se
sejftrej
jftrej
nhjfs aphrfse ( - ) Rflpfse 0 Lhapald E 0 thrfnf iuodus uthre 3 `fre de nfwfm
prac. ]ypmaedhus thrfnf gfssf nhsfr, luofj, oadulhr. Lhapald EE 0 thrfnf
tfmfofo thrnhsfr de shnhlfm jere, nfkefo – nfkefo jhcel `foeo de shnhlfm
jfofo.
jfofo. Lhapal
Lhapald
d EEE 0 thrfnf
thrfnf gfsf jhrfs,
jhrfs, thr
thriej
iejser
ser.. Lhapal
Lhapald
d EY 0 nfkefo
nfkefo

thrnfwfm `foeo thlfm gfsuj peotu ftfs pfokkul. Fusjultfse 0 N@F 64> x/6―
 rhkulfr, Hlegeofse, pratheouref + ≨ 8 k/>4 `fg ftfu ≨ 3 pfdf ths chlup,
alekuref.
c. Gfjfofo / cferfo
Kh`flf 0 phoeokjftfo nhrft nfdfo, guotfm-guotfm
Tfodf 0 oyhre hpekfstreug,
d. Eothkretfs hka
Kh`flf 0 phrfsffo tfjut
Tfodf 0 chgfs.
h. Ohurashosare
Kh`flf 0 mephrthose
Tfodf 0 jh`fok ftfu jagf

i. Oyhre / jhoyfgfofo
Kh`flf 0 oyhre hpekfstreug, oyhre jhpflf, sfjet jhpflf, ejthrus, kfokkufo
phoklemftfo
Tfodf 0 khlesfm,
k. Rhrofifsfo
Kh`flf 0 vhsejulhr, ^maoje -/-, [mhzeok -/-, saoar
Tfodf 0 erfgf thrftur, neseok tedfj fdf
m. Jhfgfofo
Kh`flf 0 `ftum, kfokkufo phokemftfo, phrdfrfmfo spaotfo.
Tfodf 0
e. Shjsufletfs
Kh`flf 0 Stftus Ansthtrejus

N. DEFKOASF
DEFKOASF GHDES
6. Oyhre fjut n/d phohjfofo eotrfjfreoefl
>. Jhtedfjshegnfokfo outrese jurfok dfre jhnutumfo tunum n/d gufl, guotfm
3. Fosehtfs
C. EOTH^YHOSE
EOTH^YHOSE

O DEFKOASF
OAC OEC
A JHRH^F[FTFO
6. Oyhre fjut n/d - Jaotral Oyhre Rfeo Gfofkhgho
phohjfofo eotrjrfoefl - Teokjft Oyhre 6. Lfjujfo phokjf`efo
Jrethref mfsel 0 oyhre shcfrf
- Gfgpu ghokotral jagprhmhosei
oyhre (thrgfsuj lajfse, sjflf
- Ghlfparjfo nfmwf oyhre, ifjtar prhsepetfse)
oyhre nhrjurfok >. Anshrvfse rhfjse
- Gfgpu ghokhofle oaovhrnfl dfo

oyhre (sjflf oyhre, jhtedfjoyfgfofo

phoyhnfn oyhre, 3. Hvfluf
ufsse phokflfgfo
tfodf dfo kh`flf) oyhre gfsf lfgpfu
- Ghoyftfjfo 4. F`frjfo thjoej Oao
oyfgfo shthlfm ifrgfjalake
ifrgfjalake (^hlfjsfse
(^hlfjsfse
oyhre nhrjurfok dfo destrfjse)
8. Jalfnarfse dhokfo
dajthr thrjfet
phgnhrefo flofkhtej.
>. Jhtedfjshegnfokfo - Stftus outrese Outreteao Gfofkhghot
ou
outr
tres
esee jurf
jurfok
ok df
dfre
re - Stftus outrese 0 6. Jf`e
Jf`e gufl
gufl df
dfo
o guot
guotfm
fm
jhnutu
jhnutumfo
mfo tunum
tunum n/d fsupfo gfjfofo & >. Ed
Edho
hote
teie
iejfs
jfsee phoy
phoyhn
hnfn
fn
gufl, guotfm. cferfo gufl dfo guotfm
Jrethref Mfsel 0 3. Jf`e
Jf`e ghou
ghou gfjf
gfjfof
ofo
o
- Gfgpu yfok dejaosugse
ghokedhoteiejfse 4. Fo`u
Fo`urj
rjfo
fo pf
pfse
seho
ho uotuj
uotuj
jhnutumfo outrese ghoeokjftjfo pratheo

- Gufl
Gufl df
dfo
o guot
guotfm
fm dfo vetfgeo C
 nhrjurfok 8. Fo`u
Fo`urj
rjfo
fo pf
pfse
seho
ho uotuj
uotuj
- Tedfj `fde ghokurfoke jaosugse
phouruofo NN yfok gfjfofo yfok
nhrfrte ghfokfoduok yadeug
3. Fosehtfs - Teokjft Jhchgfsfo 6. Edhot
dhotei
eieejfs
jfse Rhoy
Rhoyhn
hnfn
fn
Jrethref Mfsel 0 jhchgfsfo
- Gfgpu >. Daraok pfseho uotuj
ghokedhoteiejfse ghokuokjfpjfo
dfo phrfsfffo, jhtfjutfo,
ghokuokjfpjfo phrshpse
rfsf chgfs 3. Dhokfrjfo dhokfo

- Yet
Yetfl seko dflf
dflfg
g phoum phrmftefo
nftfs oargfl 4. Nfot
Nfotu
u pfseh
pfseho
o ghokh
ghokhof
ofll
- Rastur tunum, setufse yfok
hjsprhse wf`fm, ghoegnuljfo
nfmfsf tunum jhchgfsfo
ghouo`ujfo 8. Ghgnhrejfo hdujfse
nhrjurfokoyf thotfok prashs
teokjft jhchgfsfo jhmfgelfo

D. EGRLHGHOTFSE
EGRLHGHOTFSE & HYFLXFSE
HYFLXFSE
Egplhghotfse fdflfm teodfjfo jhphrfwftfo yfok delfjujfo shsufe dhokfo
rhocfof jhphrfwftfo yfok denuft shsufe dhokfo jhfdffo pfseho.
Hvfluf
Hvflufse
se ghrupf
ghrupfjfo
jfo lfokfj
lfokfjfm
fm prashs
prashs jhphrfw
jhphrfwftf
ftfo
o yfok ghohot
ghohotujf
ujfo
o
fpfjfm eothrvhose jhphrfwftfo thlfm nhrmfsel ghoeokjftfjfo jaodese jleho.

RHOUEGRFOKFO JDG

Thjfofo Dfrfm
Ghoeokjft
642/52TD ? Mfgel < >2 geokku Oargfl

Mfgel ? >2 geokku

Suphregpashd Rrh
Mephrthose Jraoej
Hjlfgsef

Rrhhjlfgsef Jh`fok (-)

Jh`fok (+)

Sesthg sfrfi
segpftes ghoeokjft
Yfsa spfsgh pfdf
phgnulum dfrfm
Khlesfm

MCL Ghoeokjft
Rhouruofo
phokesefo dfrfm de Fosehtfs
vhotrejhl jere

Gufl Guotfm

Rhohjfofo
Eotrfjrfoefl Jhtedfjshegnfokfo
Outrese Jurfok dfre
jhnutumfo tunum

Oyhre fjut DFITF^ RXSTJF

Nulh
Nulhcm
cmhj
hj,, K.,
K., Nutc
Nutcmh
mhr,
r, M.,
M., Dacm
Dacmth
thrg
rgfo
fo,, @.,
@., & [fko
[fkohr
hr,, C. (>
(>26
26;)
;).. Ourseok
Eothrvhoteaos Clfsseiecfteao (OEC) (Hdese jhhofg hd.). (E. Our`foofm, Hd.)
Uakyfjfrtf0 Hlshvehr (gacaghdef).

Gaarmhfd, S., @maosao, G., Gffs, G., & Swfosao , H. (>26;). Ourseok Autcaghs
Clfsseiecfteao (OAC) Rhokujurfo Autcaghs Jhshmftfo (Hdese Jhlegf hd.). (E.
Our`foffm, Hd.) Uakyfjfrtf0 Hlshvehr (gacaghdef).

Gfos`a
Gfos`ahr,
hr, F., Supram
Supramfet
fetf,
f, [frdmf
[frdmfoe
oe [.E.,
[.E., Shteaw
Shteawulf
ulfo
o [. >22;
>22;.. Jfpetf Shlhjtf
Jhdajthrfo.. @fjfrtf 0 Ghdef Fhsculfpeus IJXE. p.664-66=.
Jhdajthrfo
Ourfrei, F. M., & Jusugf, M. (>268). Fplejfse Fsumfo Jhphrfwftfo Nhrdfsfrjfo
Defkoasf Ghdes dfo Ofodf OEC-OAC (Hdese ^hvese @eled 3 hd.). Uakyfjfrtf0

Ghdecfteao @ak`f.
Seocl
Seoclfe
fer,
r, C. (>22
(>225)
5).. Nuju Sfju Jhnedfofo ( F Ged [eih's Mfodnaaj). (H.
(H. G.
[fmyuoeoksem, Hd.) @fjfrtf0 Jhdajthrfo HKC.

Sf
Sfei
eiud
udde
deo,
o, F.
F.N.
N. >2
>22=
2=.. Rhlfyfofo Jhshmftfo Gfthrofl dfo Ohaoftfl. @f
@fjf
jfrt
rtff 0
Ufyfsfo Neof Rustfjf Sfrwaoa Rrfweramfrd`a. p.>66->64.

[ejo`asfstra, Kulfrde M. >22=. Nuju Elgu Jhnedfofo hdese Jhtekf Chtfjfo Jhtu`um.
Ufyfsfo Neof Rustfjf Sfrwaoa Rrfweramfe`a. @fjfrtf, Eodaohsef.