Practice Exercises with Numerical Sets and Operations with Real

Numbers
Use the exercises proposed in this document to prepare the different evalua-
tions that will be carried out on Numerical Sets and operations. Exercises in red
have to be solved and uploaded to moodle by 19:59, on march 07, 2024

Ratio, Rate and Proportions Practice

Ratios:
A ratio es a comparison of two quantities that have the same units. You can express a ratio in any one of the
following ways:
18
18 : 5 18 to 5
5
Examples:
1. If one store has 360 items and anothes store has 100 of the same items, express the ratio of the items in
the two stores:
360
or 360 : 100 or 360 to 100
100
Tatios are usually written in lowest terms; therefore the above example would reduce in this way:
360 ÷ 20 18
=
100 ÷ 20 5
2. John earns 350aweek.Histake − homepay, however, is295. What is the ratio of his gross pay to his
take-home pay?
350 70
=
295 59
Rates:
A rate is a comparison of two quantities that have different units. Rates are usually expressed in the fractional
form.
Example:
1. Fran paid $16 for her 12-month subscription to Better Homes and Gardens magazine. Express this
situations as a rate.
$16.00 $4.00
=
12magazines magazines
In the simplification, Fran pays $4.00 for each three magazines she receives, if she wants to know the
exact prize she pays for each magazine, then she needs to divide $4.00 by 3. This will give her the price
per magazine (also called the unit rate).

$4.00
= $1.33/magazine
3
Proportions:
A proportion is a statement in which two ratios of two rates are equal. It can be given as a sentence in words,
but most often a proportion is an algebraic equation. Example:
1. The equation:
3 21
=
5 35
is a proportion because its cross-products are equal.

3 × 35 = 105 and 5 × 21 = 105

Proportions are solved by using the cross-product rule

 Practice Exercises
1. Write each ratio as a fraction in lowest terms:

(a) 2 to 4 (d) 3 to 12 (g) 15 to 36

(b) 6:18 (e) 7:4 (h) 35:7
15 8 11
(c) (f) (i)
20 28 88

2. Write each of the following rates as a unit rate:

3 Tablespoons $450
(a) (e)
2 teaspoons 18 shares
135 pitches 2500 meters
(b) (f)
45 strikes 15 seconds
128 miles $5082
(c) (g)
4 hours 475 square yards
2250 pencils 750 gallons
(d) (h)
18 boxes 14 minutes

3. Write the following phrases as ratios and reduce to lowest terms.

(a) Mr. Reeves planted 5 bean plants and 12 tomato plants in his garden. What is the ratio of bean
plants to tomato plants?
(b) In a recent year in Tennessee, there were 53 telephones for every 100 people. What was the ratio of
phones to people?
(c) In one season, a basketball team won 60 games and lost 20 games. What is the ratio of games won
to games lost?
(d) A mallard duck has 13 ducklings. Five of the ducklings are male. What is the ratio of male to female
ducklings?
(e) Bebe paid $8.00 for 20 pounds of oranges. What is the ratio of the price of oranges to the pound of
oranges?

4. Solve each proportion and give the answer in simplest form.

(a) 6 : 8 = n : 12 0.4 11
(f) =
2 8 1.5 n
(b) = (g) 2.5 : 3.5 = n : 2
7 n
n 11 (h) 4 to 8 = 15 to n
(c) =
6 3 (i) 44 to 121 = n to 11
(d) 4 : n = 6 : 9
(j) 18 : n = 3 : 11
3 2
(e) = 1
n 5 (k) 24 : 0.25 = n :
3

5. Solve the exercises by using proportions. If necessary, round your answers to two decimal places.

(a) You jog 3.6 miles in 30 minutes. At that rate, how long will it take you to jog 5.7 miles?
(b) An airplane flies 105 miles in 30 minutes. How far can it fly in 85 minutes if the speed is constant?
(c) What is the cost of six filters if eight filtes cost $ 39.92?
(d) If one gallos of paint covers 825 square feet, hor much paint is needed to cover 3250 square feet?
(e) Four employees can wash 20 vehicles in 5 hours. How long would it take five employees to wash the
same number of vehicles?
(f) If 8 cases of merchandise cost $60, what would a dozen cases cost?
(g) Benito saves $6 out of every $20 he earns. He earned 90 one month. How much did he save?
 (h) A man who is 6 feet tall casts a shadow that is 11 feet long. At the same time, a tree casts a shadow
that is 33 feet long. What is the height of the tree?
(i) Mr. Savage used 3 gallons of paint to cover 1,350 square feet of wall space. At this rate, how much
paint will be needed to cover 1,800 square feet?
(j) In his last game, the Rams’ quarterback completed 10 out of 18 passes he threw. At this rate how
many passes will he attempt if he completes 15 passes?
(k) Serena paid a tax of $288 on a house assessed at $48,000. Using the same tax rate, find the tax on
a house assessed at $59,000.
(l) At Kolbens Building, 3 out of every 7 employees use public transportation. There are 9,800 employees
at the building. How many use public transportation?
(m) At the snack bar, 7 hot dogs are sold for every 10 hamburgers sold. At this rate, how many
hamburgers will be sold if 63 hot dogs are sold?
(n) Jack delivered 90 circulars in 20 minutes. At this rate, how long will it take him to deliver 135
circulars?
(o) At the airport, 4 planes land every 8 minutes. At this rate, how many planes will land in one hour?
(p) Out of 80 students surveyed, 20 are girls. What is the ratio of girls to the total number of students
surveyed?
(q) The ratio of dogs to cats being adopted today at the animal rescue center is 7 to 5. If there are 70
cats up for adoption, how many dogs are there?
(r) Fifty out of 125 eighth graders took summer school. What is the ratio of eighth graders who took
summer school to the total number of eighth graders?
(s) Uncle Buck used 5 cups of flour to make 8 dozen muffins. How many cups of flour would he need to
make 20 dozen muffins?
(t) On a map, 2 inches represents 60 miles. If a line between two cities measures 9 inches, how many
miles apart are they?
(u) Brian mixed 8 cups of milk to make 6 dozen brownies. At that rate, how many cups of milk would
he need to make 15 dozen brownies?
(v) A five-foot boy casts a two-foot shadow. At the same time, the shadow of the court house tower is
25 feet in length. How tall is the court house tower?
(w) On a scale drawing of an office space floor plan, 1 inch represents 3 feet. The length of the copier
room measures 7 inches on the floor plan. How many feet does that represent?
(x) On a scale drawing, 3 inches represent 50 miles. If a line segment between two points measured 7
inches, how many miles would it represent?
6. Solve each of the compound proportion problems. If necessary, round your answers to two decimal places.
(a) 30 men repair a road in 56 days by working 6 hours daily. In how many days 45 men will repair the
same road by working 7 hours daily?
(b) If the price of a carpet 8 metre long and 3 metre wide is $628, what will be the price of 12 metre
long and 6 metre wide carpet?
(c) 70 men can complete a wall of 150 metre length in 12 days. How many men will complete the wall
of length 600 metre in 30 days?
(d) If the fare of 12 quintal luggage for a distance of 18 km is 12 rupees, how much fare will be charged
for a luggage of 9 quintals for a distance of 20 km?
(e) 65 men working 10 hours a day can finish a job in 21 days. How many men are employed to finish
the job in 14 days if they work 13 hours a day?
(f) A furniture factory makes 400 units of an executive chair in 9 days with the help of 25 machines.
How many units can be made in 18 days with the help of 15 machines?
(g) Tahir started a business with a capital of $15,000. After 5 months Umar also joined him with an
investment of $30,000. At the start of 9 month’s Usman joined them by investing $45,000. At the
end of the year they earned a profit of $406,000. Find the share of each one. Para resolver
este ejercicio, tener en cuenta el tiempo que cada integrante aportó su
parte al negocio.
(h) Aslam and Akram invested Rs.27,000 and Rs. 30,000 to start a business. If they earned a profit of
Rs.66,500 at the end of the year, find the profit of each one.
(i) A man left $240,000 as an inheritance. The heirs are 6 daughters and 2 sons. Find the share each
of them receives if a son receives twice his sister’s share.