WORLD

WAR I
Group Presentation
 Sub Topics
▪ Time-Line
▪ War Participants
▪ Sub Causes Of WW I
▪ Main Causes
▪ Ammunition Of WW I
▪ Entry Of U.S.
▪ Extreme Sinking of the Lusitania
▪ The League Of Nations
▪ Contender Of Ottoman Turkey
▪ The Treaty Of Versailles
▪ Social And Economic Effects
▪ End Of WW I
Time-line
DATE EVENT
June 28, 1914 Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophia are killed by
Black Hand Serbian nationalists (Gavrilo Princip).
July 28, 1914 Austria declares war on Serbia. Russia, an ally of Serbia, prepares to
enter the war
August 1, 1914 Germany declares war on Russia
August 3, 1914 Germany declares war on France
August 4, 1914 German army invades neutral Belgium on its way to attack France.
Great Britain declares war on Germany. The United States declares its
neutrality
May 10, 1916 Germans suspend unrestricted submarine warfare
May 31, 1916 German and British navies clash in Battle of Jutland
June 24, 1916 The Battle of the Somme begins
Time-Line
May 10, 1916 Germans suspend unrestricted submarine warfare
May 31, 1916 German and British navies clash in Battle of Jutland
June 24, 1916 The Battle of the Somme begins
September 15, 1916 British use tanks for the first time at Somme
November 7, 1916 Woodrow Wilson is elected President of the United States
January 31, 1917 Germany resumes unrestricted submarine warfare
February 3, 1917 The U.S. severs diplomatic relations with Germany
March 1, 1917 The U.S. discovers the Zimmermann Telegram plot
April 2, 1917 President Wilson delivers his war message to Congress
April 6, 1917 The United States declares war on Germany
June 15, 1917 Congress enacts the Espionage Act
June 25, 1917 First American troops land in France
November 10 1917 British launch Third Battle of Ypres against the Germans
War Participants
▪ During the conflict,
Germany,
Austria-Hungary,
Bulgaria and the
Ottoman Empire (the
Central Powers) fought
against Great Britain,
France, Russia, Italy,
Romania, Canada,
Japan and the United
States (the Allied
Powers).
Sub Causes of WWI
World War I occurred between
July 1914 and November 11,
1918. By the end of the war, over
17 million people would be killed
including over 100,000 American
troops. The reason why war
erupted is actually much more
complicated than a simple list of
causes. While there was a chain
of events that directly led to the
fighting, the actual root causes
are much deeper and part of
continued debate and discussion.
This list is an overview of the
most popular reasons that are
cited as the root causes of World
War 1.
Main Cause
The immediate cause of World War I that made the
above-mentioned items come into play (alliances,
imperialism, militarism, nationalism) was the
assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of
Austria-Hungary. In June 1914, a
Serbian-nationalist terrorist group called the Black
Hand sent groups to assassinate the Archduke.
Their first attempt failed when a driver avoided a
grenade thrown at their car. However, later that day
a Serbian nationalist named Gavrilo Princip
assassinated him and his wife while they were in
Sarajevo, Bosnia which was part of
AustriaHungary. This was in protest to
Austria-Hungary having control of this region.
Serbia wanted to take over Bosnia and
Herzegovina. This assassination led to
Austria-Hungary declaring war on Serbia. When
Russia began to mobilize due to its alliance with
Serbia, Germany declared war on Russia. Thus
began the expansion of the war to include all those
involved in the mutual defense alliances.
Ammunition used for WWI
Weapons played a big part in creating the difficult and unusual circumstances
of trench warfare which the British Army encountered during the First World
War (1914-18).
▪ Artillery.
▪ Machine guns.
▪ Aircraft.
▪ Mortars.
▪ Mines.
▪ Rifles.
▪ Gas,
▪ Trench clubs,
▪ tanks
▪ Barbed wire
▪ Grenades
U.S. ENTRY INTO WORLD WAR I
The United States played a crucial
role in the outcome of World War I
and the subsequent peace treaty,
however, the country tried very
hard to stay neutral throughout
most of the conflict which it saw as
a European affair. By 1917,
Woodrow Wilson's policy and
public opinion changed in favor of
the US entry into World War I. By
war's end, more countries,
including the U.S., became
involved. The fighting spanned and
devastated most of Europe, and
over 15 million people were
killed.Yet, this was only the
beginning. World War I set the
stage for further tensions and one
of the most devastating wars in
history.
Extreme Sinking of the Lusitania
In May 1915, a German U-boat
sunk the British passenger ship
Lusitania off the coast of Ireland.
Over 1,000 passengers were killed,
including 128 Americans. Although
the ship may have been carrying
military equipment along with the
civilians, the Americans were
infuriated because the people on
board weren’t warned before the
sinking. In addition to straining
diplomatic relations between the
US and Germany, the Sinking of
the Lusitania further increased
anti-German sentiment in America.
The League Of Nations
The Baltic states were so weak that
the Russians could recapture them
whenever they wanted to.East
Prussia, an important part of
Germany was separated from the
rest of the country by a strip of land
(called Polish Corridor) to give
Poland access to the Sea This can
cause World War II Again.Millions of
Germans were now in
Czechoslovakia, This provide the
Germans an excuse for invading in
1939.There were now millions of
Russian in Poland. This provide
Russian an excuse for invading in
1939.Yugoslavia was a mixture of
races and religions. The country was
very unstable and liable to break
apart.
Contender of Ottoman Turkey
The Ottoman entry into World War I
began on 29 October 1914 when it
launched the Black Sea Raid against
Russian ports. Following the attack,
Russia and its allies (Britain and France)
declared war on the Ottomans in
November 1914. The Ottoman Empire
started military action after three months
of formal neutrality, but it had signed a
secret alliance with the Central Powers in
August 1914.The empire fell into disorder
with the declaration of war along with
Germany. The great landmass of
Anatolia was between the Ottoman
army's headquarters in Istanbul and
many of the theatres of war.
The Treaty Of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles, signed in 1919 at the
Palace of Versailles in Paris at the end of World
War I, codified peace terms between Germany
and the victorious Allies. The Treaty of Versailles
held Germany responsible for starting the war and
imposed harsh penalties on the Germans,
including loss of territory, massive reparations
payments and demilitarization.
Far from the “peace without victory” that U.S.
President Woodrow Wilson had outlined in his
famous Fourteen Points in early 1918, the
Treaty of Versailles humiliated Germany while
failing to resolve the underlying issues that
had led to war in the first place. Economic
distress and seething resentment of the treaty
within Germany helped fuel the rise of Adolf
Hitler and his Nazi Party, as well as World War
II.
Social And Economic Effects
Social Effects
Even before the guns fell silent on
the Western Front, the long-term
social consequences of World War
One were being felt back home.
Women had a stronger voice,
education, health and housing
appeared on the government's
radar, and the old politics were
swept away.
Economic Effect
Rockoff estimates the total cost of World
War I to the United States at
approximately $32 billion, or 52 percent
of gross national product at the time. He
breaks down the financing of the U.S.
war effort as follows: 22 percent in
taxes, 58 percent through borrowings
from the public, and 20 percent in
money creation.
End Of World War I

July 28, 1914 – November

11, 1918
Germany had formally surrendered on
November 11, 1918, and all nations had
agreed to stop fighting while the terms of
peace were negotiated. On June 28,
1919, Germany and the Allied Nations
(including Britain, France, Italy and
Russia) signed the Treaty of Versailles,
formally ending the war.