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In the thick of graduate studies at the University of Chicago, Constanza Cortes Rodriguez
remembers feeling burnt out. “Nothing was working in the lab, and I was very stressed,”
Rodriguez says. That’s when she joined the school’s Ballroom and Latin Dance Association and
fell in love with salsa and bachata.

Dancing siphoned hours away from her research, and yet Rodriguez, quickly realized that it
was making her a better scientist.

Her experience showcases an emerging trend in our understanding of cognitive health:

Molecules made by muscles in motion can influence the structure and health of the brain.
Scientists used to think that the brain controlled the body, and while the body transmitted
signals of sensation back to the brain, the brain was isolated and in charge. But research in the
last few years has flipped that notion on its head.

Decades’ worth of research links physical activity and exercise with positive changes in the
brain in a variety of contexts.

In children, for example, physical activity is associated with better cognitive performance as
measured by IQ tests and academic achievement. Epidemiological studies on older adults
show that regular exercise reduces the risk of developing Alzheimer’s. And imaging studies
confirmed that the volume of the hippocampus—a region of the brain important in learning
and memory—is larger in individuals who are more aerobically fit compared to their sedentary
peers. These subjects, who ranged in age from 59 to 81, also performed well in spatial memory
tasks.

Moreover, exercise helps patients whose brain function has already begun to falter; it sparks
improvements in learning, attention, and memory in people with early stage Alzheimer’s
disease, schizophrenia, or brain injury. Psychologists have noticed exercise’s benefits for their
patients, too.

“Exercise can alleviate symptoms of anxiety and depression in pretty significant ways,” says Juli
Fraga, a psychologist based in San Francisco. “It’s so beneficial that psychotherapists often
prescribe it to their patients, and some even offer walk-and-talk therapy.”
Adaptado de: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/magazine/article/new-clues-are-revealing-why-exercise-can-
keep-the-brain-healthy

Realizador/ sujeto Acción Receptor/ Objeto

Mínimo Comunicativo
Constanza Cortes Rodriguez remembers feeling burnt out

1 Scientists used to think that the brain

2 the body transmitted signals of sensation back to
the brain
3 the brain was isolated and in charge
4 She joined the school’s Ballroom
5 studies confirmed that the volume of the
hippocampus
6 exercise Can alleviate symptoms of anxiety and
depression
7 physical activity is associated with better cognitive
8 exercise reduces the risk of developing
Alzheimer’s
9 aerobically fit compared to their sedentary peers
10 exercise helps patients whose brain
function