. .

2005
 -

:
. C.

-
.
.
1
. F (x) X-
f (x) -
J
f (x), F (x) = f (x)
dF (x) = f (x) dx.
. X F (x)
f (x), F (x) + C,
C , f (x),
, , f (x)
X, .
, F (x) + C , C
, ,
f (x) ∫ f (x) dx -

f (x) dx,

-
. f (x)dx ,
f (x) .

. ,
∫ µ ¶J 2
2
x dx =
x3 + C, x + C = 3x + 0 = x2.
3

3 3 3

C ∫ µ∫ ¶J

1) d f (x) dx = f (x) dx, f (x) dx = f (x).

∫ ∫

2) F J(x) dx = dF (x) = F (x) + C.

∫
( d ,
F (x)
).

3
 , -
, F (x) f (x),
∫

f (x) dx = F (x) + C.

, -
, , -
, (.................1).

I) a ∫ , ∫

a · f (x) dx = a · f (x) dx.

∫ ∫ ∫

II) [f (x) ± g(x)]dx = f (x) dx ± g(x) dx.

∫ ∫
1
III) f (t) dt = F (t) + C, f (ax + b) dx =
a F (ax + b) + C.

∫ :

(a) f (x + b) dx = F (x + b) + C;
∫ 1
(b) f (ax) dx = F (ax) + C.
a
.
∫
1. (6x2 − 3x + 5) dx.
d ∫ ∫ II: ∫ ∫

(6x2 − 3x + 5) dx = 6x2dx − 3xdx + 5 dx,

∫ ∫I: ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫

6x2dx − 3xdx + 5 dx = 6 x2 dx − 3 xdx + 5 dx,

4
 1

∫ ∫ ∫

1) 0 · dx ∫
= C. 2) 1 · dx = dx = x + C.
α+1
3) ∫ xαdx = ∫x + C, α /= —1.
1 α+1
4) dx = = ln |x| + C, x /= 0.
dx

x x
5) dx
∫ = arctg x + C.
1+
∫ x2
√ dx
6)
∫ 1 — x2 = arcsin x + C, |x| < 1.
dx √
7) √
2 — = ln(x + x2 — 1) + C, |x| > 1.
∫ x
1 √
8) √ dx
= ln(x + x2 + 1) + C.
∫ x2 +
a 1 x x
9) ax dx = x ∫
+ C, a > 0, a /= 1. 10) e dx = e + C.
ln a
∫ ∫
∫
11) sin xdx = — cos x + C. 12) cos xdx = sin x + C.
13) dx ∫
sin2 x dx = tg x + C.
= — ctg x + C. 14) cos2 x
∫ ∫

15) sh xdx = ch x + C. 16) ch xdx = sh x + C.

5
 ∫ ∫
1 1
17) sh2 x dx = — cth x + C. 18) ch2 x dx = th x + C.

6
 ∫ ∫ . . ∫2, 3 . 1:
3
6 x2 dx — 3 xdx + 5 dx = 2x3 — x2 + 5x + C.
2
∫
3
, (6x2 — 3x + 5) dx = 2x3 — 2 x2 + 5x + C. a
∫
√
2. (1 + x )4 dx.
∫ ∫
√ √ √
d (1 + x )4 dx = (1 + 4 x + 6x + 4x x + x2) dx =
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
√
= dx + 4 xdx + 6 xdx + 4 x3/2 dx + x2 dx =
8 8 1
=x+ x3/2 + 3x2 + x5/2 + x3 + C. a
3 5 3
∫
3. (x + 1)(x2 3)
dx.J =—
2
∫ ∫ µ 3x ¶
x + x — 3x — 3
3 2
1 1 1 1
dJ = dx = x+ — — dx =
∫ 3x2 ∫ ∫ 3∫ 3 x
x2
1 1 dx dx
= 3 xdx + 3 dx — x — x2 =
1 2 1 1
= x + x — ln x + + C. a
6 3 x
III:

4. d
∫
1) dx
x— = ln |x — a| + C.
a
∫
1
2) ∫ sin mx dx = — m cos mx + C.
1
3) e—3x dx = — e—3x + C. a
3 7
 5. d ∫
∫ dx 1 x
2dx = arctg + C.
1)
+ = a 1+ a a
a
1 x2 2 (x/a)2

8
 ∫
dx ∫ x
2) √ 1 dx = arcsin + C. a
= q a
a2 — x2
a 1 — (x/a)2
:
6. d
∫ (ex 1)(e2x + 1) ∫
dx =
x
+ 1 — e—x ) dx =
— ex (e —2x

e
1 2x
= e — e x + x + e —x +
C.a 2
7. d
∫ ∫
2x2 — 3x + (2x — 5)(x + 1) + 6dx =
dx =
x+ x+
1 1 1
∫ µ ¶
6
= 2x — 5 +x + dx = x2 — 5x + 6 ln |x + 1| + C.a
1
-
-
.
8. d , ,
1 1 µ ¶
1 1 1
= = — ,
x2 — a2 (x — a)(x + a) 2a x— a x+a

¶
∫ dx 1 µ∫ 1 dx 1 1
x — a¯
dx = ¯
x2 — a2 = 2a x— ∫ x+ 2a ln + C. a
a — a
1 ¯
x+a
¯
: , -
(x + a)(x +
b)
µ ¶
1 ( x + a ) — ( x + b) 1
= 9 · 1 1 1
= — ,
(x + a)(x + b) (x + a)(x + a— b a— x+ x+a
b) b b

9. d
∫ µ∫ ¶
dx 1 x+b
dx dx 1
(x + a)(x + = = a — ln ¯
a— x+ ∫ x+ ¯ x + a¯+C. a
b) — b
b b a ¯

10
 10.
∫
dx 2
Ax2 + 2Bx + C , B — AC >
d 0. :
Ax2 + 2Bx + C = A(x — α)(x — β),

√ √
2 2
—B + B — AC —B — B — AC
α= A , β= A .
, 9, a = —β, b = —α,
∫ √
¯ Ax + B — B — AC ¯
dx 1 2
ln +C .a
Ax2 + 2Bx + C 2 √ B 12— AC ¯ Ax + B + √ B 2— AC ¯
=

∫ 11. d ∫ ,
dx dx ¯ x — 3¯
1) = ln + C.
x2 — 5x + = (x — 2)(x — 3)
∫ ¯
x —1 —1
∫
6 1 dx = ln ¯2x ¯ + C. a
= ¯
dx 2
2)
¯ ¯
4x2 + 4x — 3 4 (x — 1/2)(x + 3/2) 8 2x + 3
,
, -
.
12. d , ,
1 + cos 2mx
cos2 mx = 2 ,
∫ ∫ ∫
1 1 1 1
cos2 mx dx = dx + cos 2mx dx = x + sin 2mx + C. a
2 2 2 4m
13. d ,
1
sin mx cos nx = [sin(m + n)x + sin(m — n)x];
2
m ± n /= 0, ,
∫ 1 1
sin mx cos nxdx = — cos(m+n)x— cos(m—n)x+C. a
11
2(m + n) 2(m — n)

12
 :
∫ sin 2nx
14. J= dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . .).
sin x
d n n
Σ Σ
sin 2nx = [sin 2kx — sin(2k — 2)x] = 2 sin x cos(2k — 1)x,
k=1 k=1

Σ
n
2 cos(2k 1)x -
k=1
—
n ∫ Σ
n
Σ sin(2k — 1)x
J =2 cos(2k — 1)x dx = 2k — 1 + C.
k=1 2 a

k=1

.
∫
: , g(t) dt = G(t)+C,
∫

g[ω(x)]ωJ(x) dx = G[ω(x)] + C.

( g(t), ω(x), ωJ(x) ).

∫
f (x) dx.
-
x
t = ω(x),

f (x) dx = g[ω(x)]ωJ(x) dx,

g(t) , f (x).
, ,

13
∫

g(t) dt = G(t) + C,

14
 t = ω(x) .
∫ ∫

f (x) dx = g(t) dt, (1)

, t,
, .
∫
15. sin3 x cos xdx.
d d sin x = cos xdx , , t = sin x,

sin3 x cos xdx = sin3 xd(sin x) = t3 dt.

:
∫ 4
dt = t + C.
3 4
t
∫ x, sin x t, :
4
sin3 x cos xdx = sin x + C. a
4
t = ω(x), -
, , -
J
ω (x) dx,
, dt.
∫
16. J = sin3 xdx.
d t = sin x -
.
, -
, sin xdx , — sin xdx,
t = cos x;

— sin2 x = cos x — 1,

, .

15
 — t3 cos3 x
J∫ = sin xdx = ∫ ¡
3
dt = —t+C 3 — cos x + C. a
2 ¢
t 3
=
1

16
 -
∫t . ∫ ,

sin3 x cos xdx = sin3 xd(sin x),

sin x -
. ∫
dx
17. √ ;
x2 —
a2 !
³x´
dx à ´
d = ∫ r d
³x´2
r x 2
a —1
+C=
∫ x —a
2 2
x
— = ln a +
√ a ³
1
a
√
= ln(x + (x2 — a2) + C1,
C1 = C — ln a. t = x/a -
.
, III

........................a

, -
. , f (x) dx -
, x, x = ϕ(t) t

f [ϕ(t)] ϕJ(t) dt = g(t) dt.

E t = ω(x),
ω(x) , ϕ(t), , , -
f (x) dx.
(1), , -
, t = ω(x).

17
 18. J = √ dx √ .
∫
x(1 + 3 x )

18
 d √ √ x = t6 ( ),
x = t3, 3 x = t2, dx = 6t5 dt,
∫ t2 dt = 6µ∫ ∫ dt ¶ =
J = dt
1 + t2 1 + t2
6 —
¡√ √ ¢
= 6(t — arctg t + C ) = 6 6
x — arctg 6
x + C. a
∫
√
19. d , J= a2 — x2 dx -
, , -
x = a sin t.
, x ∈ (—a, a), t ∈ (—π/2, π/2), t = arcsin x.
:
√
a2 — x2 = a cos t, dx = a cos t dt.

∫ ∫ µ ¶
√
1 1
J= a2 — x2 dx = a2 cos2 t dt = a2 2 t +4 sin 2t + C,

( . 12). t = arcsin(x/a),

1 x√ 2 2
J a — x + a2arcsinx + C.
= 2 2 a √
( , a2 sin 2t = 2a sin t · a cos t = 2x a2 — x2). a
-
. ,
.
∫
20. d g ¡ x2 xdx , g(x)
, ¢ t = x2. -
,
∫ 1∫ 1
xdx = et dt = 1 et + C e
x2 + C.
e
2
x 2 2
∫ = 2
¡
, g 3 x2 dx t=
¢
x2,..............a
19
 ∫
21. d ¡ αx2 + β µ
xdx, (µ /= —1)
t = x2 , u = αx2 +
β, ¢ xdx du =
2αxdx
∫. ,
¡ ¢ ∫ 1
µ
2
αx + β xdx = uµ du = uµ+1 + C =
2α 2α(µ +
1)

1 ¡ 2 ¢µ+1
= αx + β + C.
a 2α(µ + 1)
dx ∫
22. d ∫ g(ln x)
x = g(ln x)d ln x
∫ t = ∫ln x. ,
ln x 1
dx = ln xd ln x = ln2 x + C. a
x 2
∫ 23. d ∫ ∫
dx
g(sin x) cos xdx, g(cos x) sin xdx, g(tg x) ,
cos2 x
, ,

t = sin x, t = cos x, t = tg x.

∫
cos xdx dt
= arctg sin x + C. a
1 + sin2 x ∫
= 1+
t2 ∫ ∫
J
f (x) d f (x)
24. d dx = ( -
f f
(x) ) (x)
t = f (x). ,
2xdx x
1) 2 +1 d(x2 + 1) 2

20
 ∫
∫
=
x2 + 1
ln(x =+ 1) + C.
2) dx
∫ sin x cos x 1 dx ∫ = d(tg
∫ = ln | tg x| + C. a
= tg x cos2 x x)
cos2 x

21
 ,
a 2 — x 2, x 2 + a 2, x 2 — a 2 x -
t,

1
sin2 t + cos2 t = 1, 1 + tg2 t = sec2 t = ,
cos2 t
1
ch2 t — sh2 t = 1, 1 — th2 t = .
ch2 t
∫
dx
25. J = 2 .
(x2 + a2)
d
a dt 2 2 a2 x
x = a tg t, dx = , x +a = , t = arctg , t ∈ (—π/2,
∫ cos2 t
π/2), cos2 t a

J = cos t dt = (t + sin t · cos t) + C =

a3
2a
1 2 31
1 x x 1
= arctg + 2 2 + C.
2a3 a 2a x + a2
( t = arctg x sin t cos t
tg t = x/a . A). a
26. d

x2 —
:
a2
∫
dx
√
√
x = a ch t, dx = a sh t dt, x2 — a2 = a sh t.
∫
∫
dx = dt = t + C.
√
x2 — a2
³ √ x , Arch u
= ln u + u2 — 1 ( . A),
´
22
∫ " r #
dx ³ ´
√ x x 2
x2 —
= ln a + a —1 +C=
³ √ ´
a2
= ln x + x2 — a2 + CJ,

23
 CJ — ln a. a

, -
, , .

27. J= √dx
∫ , (α /= 0).
x2 +
√
α
d x2 + α = t — x t .
, : x2 + α = t2 — 2tx +
x2,
2 2 √ 2
t —α t +α t +α
x= , dx = dt, x2 + α = .
2t 2t 2t
2
, -

³ √ ´
∫ dt
J = t = ln t + C = ln x + x2 + α + C,
( ∫ ). a
√ dx
28. , (α < x < β).
(x — α)(β — x)
x = α cos2 ϕ + β sin2 ϕ, (0 < ϕ < π/2), ϕ
;

x — α = (β — α) sin2 ϕ, β — x = (β — α) cos2
—α
rx
ϕ, dx = 2(β α) sin ϕ cos ϕ dϕ, ϕ = arctg .
β— x
—
,
dx ∫ rx — α
J = =2 dϕ = 2ϕ + C = 2 arctg + C. a
∫ √
β— x
(x — α)(β — x)

u = f (x) v = g(x) , -
24
uJ = f J(x) vJ = gJ(x). , -
, d(uv) = u dv + v du,

25
u dv = d(uv) — v du. d(uv) ,
, uv. -
∫ ∫

u dv = uv — v du, (2)
u dv =
uvJ dx v du = vuJ dx.
∫
29. x cos xdx.
d u = x, dv = cos xdx , du = dx, v = sin x
( cos xdx -
dv; -
v,
∫ ). ∫ (2), ∫

x cos xdx = xd sin x = x sin x— sin xdx = x sin x+cos x+C. a

,
x cos x sin x.
v -
cos xdx , : -
.
(2) -
, -
dv
v du
. , ,
xdx dv, cos x u.

, .
, , ∫

Pn(x)f (x) dx,

Pn(x) n (n ), f (x)
lnm ax, eax, sinm ax, cosm ax, tgm ax, shm ax, chm ax, thm ax,

26
arcsinm ax, arccosm ax, arctgm ax, Archm ax, Arshm ax, Arthm ax,
m≥ 1 , a /= 0 ,
.

∫ .

30. J= x2 sin xdx.

∫ ∫

∫ = —x cos x —
x2 d(— cos x) 2
dJ = d(x2) =
(— cos x) ∫

= —x2 cos x + 2 x cos xdx = —x2 cos x + 2 xd sin x =

µ ∫ ¶

= —x2 cos x + 2 x sin x — sin xdx =

= —x2 cos x + 2(x sin x + cos x) + C. a

(2) -
.
∫
31. Jn = eax cos(bx) dx (a /= 0, b /= 0).
d

u = cos(bx), dv = eax dx;

du = —b sin(bx) dx, v = eax

,
a
∫
1 b
J= eax cos(bx) + eax sin(bx) dx.
a a
,

u = sin(bx), dv = eax ax
du = b cos(bx) dx, v = e .
dx,
· ∫ a¸
1 ax b 1 ax b
J = e cos(bx) + e sin(bx) — eax cos(bx) dx =
a a a a
1 ax b ax b2

= e cos(bx) + 2 e sin(bx) — 2 J.
a a 27 a
 .
∫ J,
b sin(bx) + a cos(bx)
J= eax cos(bx) dx = eax + C. a
a2 +
b2
(2) -
.
∫
32. Jn
dx (n = 1, 2, 3, . . .).
= n
(x2 + a2)
d
1
u= n
, dv = dx,
(x2 + a2)

2nxdx
du = , v = x,
(n+1)
— (x2 + a2)
(2)
∫
Jn = x + 2n x2 dx = x
n (n+1) + 2n · J.
˜
(x2 + a2) (x2 + a2) (x2 + a ) 2n

:
∫ x2 dx ∫ (x2 + a2) a2
J˜ (n+1)
= (n+1)
dx =
= (x2 + a2) — (x2 + a2)
∫ ∫
2
dx n 2 dx (n+1) n — a J n+1 .
= a =J
(x2 + a2) — (x2 + a2)

, -
x
Jn = + 2nJn — 2na2 Jn+1,
n
(x2 + a2)

28
 = 1 x 2n — 1
Jn+1 + Jn . (3)
1 n 2
2na2 2n a
(x2 + a2)

Jn+1 -
Jn
1 x
. J1 = arctg +C ,
1
(3) n = 1, a a
1 x 1 x
J2 = + 3 arctg + C2,
2a 2 2
2 x + a 2a a
1
C2 = C1 . (3) n = 2,
2a2
J3 = 1 x 3
4a 2 + J2 =
2
(x2 + 4a2
a2)
1 x 3 x 3 x
= 2
+
+ arctg + C3,
(x2 + (x2 + 8a5 a
a2) 8a4 a2)
4a2

.. , Jn
n. a

-
Pn(x)/Qm(x),

Pn(x) = a0 + a1x + . . . + anxn, Qm(x) = b0 + b1x + . . . +

bm x m , n m .
n≥m -

Pn(x) Qm(x )
29
 Pn2 (x)
= P n1 (x) + ,
Qm(x)
n 2 < m,
(n < m).

30
 I. A A
; II.
x— a , (k = 2, 3, . . .);
(x — a)k
III. Mx + N Mx + N
; IV. , (l = 2, 3, . . .);
x2 + px + q l
(x2 + px + q)

A, M, N, a, p, q , , , p2/4—q < 0,
x2 + px + q .
I II :
∫
dx = A ln |x — a| + C,
JI = A
x—a
∫ dx A 1
JII = =— + C.
A (x — a)k k — 1 (x — a)k—1
III IV
2
. x + px + q
:
¡ ¢2 ¡
x2 + px + q = x + p/2 ¢ + q — p2/4 .
q — p2/4 > 0, q — p2/4 = a2, , ,
√
a = + q — p /4 .
2
x + p/2 = t, dx = dt
µ, ¶
Mp
x2 + px + q = t2 + a2, Mx + N = Mt + N— .
2
III
∫ ∫
Mx + N Mt + (N — M p/2)
JIII = x2 + px + dx = t2 + dt =
∫q µ ¶ ∫a2

M 2t2 dt Mp dt
= 2 t + + N µ— 2 ¶ t2 + =
a2 2
M 1 Mp a t
= ln(t2 + a2) + N— arctg + C =
2 a 2 a
M ¡ ¢ 2N — Mp 2x + p
2
= l 2
n
31
x + px + q
+√
arctg
2 4q —
p
√
4q — p2
+ C.

32
 IV
∫ ∫
Mx + N Mt + (N — M p/2)
JIV = (t2 +m dx = dt =
(x2 + px + q)
a2)m
∫ µ ¶∫
M 2t dt Mp dt
= 2 (t2 + + N — 2 (t2 + . (4)
a2)m a2)m
(4)
t2 + a2 = u, 2t dt = du:
∫ 2t dt ∫ 1 1
du
= —
(t2 + a2)m um = (m — 1) um—1
+C=
1 1
= — + C. (5)
(m — 1) (t2 + a2)m—1
(4) m
(3). -
t = (2x + p)/2,
x.

- -
:
Pn(x)/Qm(x) -
.
-
Qm(x) .
, -
-
¡
(x — a) x2 + px + q ,
¢ . ,
, , Qm(x)
,
¡ ¢ ¡
Qm(x) = x — k1
. . . x — ¢k s
a1 ·
a

33
 s ¢
¡ ¢ ¡ mr
, (6)
m1 x+
· x + p1x + q1
2
. . . x2 + q
r
p r

k1, . . . ks, m1, . . . mr .

34
 , (x — ai)ki -
Qm(x) (6) ki -

(i)
A (i)
A2 (i)
1
+ +...+ A ki , (7)
x — ai (x — ai)2 (x — ai)ki
¡ ¢ Pn(x)/Qm(x),
2
x + pjx + qj mj
m
j

(j) (j) (j)

M
(j) x+N M x+N M
(j)
x + Nm
(j)
1
mj
1
+ 2 2
+...+ j . (8)
x2 + pjx + (x2 + x + qj)2 (x2 + pjx + qj)mj
qj pj
, (6), -
,
Pn(x)/Qm(x). , .. -

A(i)α, α = 1, 2, . . . ki, i = 1, 2, . . . , s,

M (j), N j , β = 1, 2, . . . mj, j = 1, 2, . . . , r,
β β

, -
.
Pn(x)/Qm(x)
(7), (8),
.
, , Qm(x); -
, , -
-
. -
Qm(x) ,
(m — 1).
, -
Pn(x), -
, -
35
 .
Pn(x)/Qm(x) ,

36
 ,
.
.
∫ 2x2 + 2x + 13
33. J= dx.
(x — 2) (x2
+ 1) 2

P 2 (x ) 2x2 + 2x + 13
d , -
(x — 2) (x2 + 2
1)
=
Q5(x)

P 2 (x )
2x2 + 2x + A Bx + Dx + E
13 C
= + + .
Q5(x) (x — 2) (x2 + 1) 2
x— 2 x2 + 1 (x2 + 1)2
=

, -
,
¡ ¢
2
2x +2x+13 = A x + 1 +(Bx+C)(x2 +1)(x—2)+(Dx+E)(x—2).
2 2

x
,

x4 0 = A+B ,
x3 0 = —2B + C,
x2 2 = 2A + B — 2C + D,
x1 2 = —2B + C — 2D + E,
0
x 13 = A — 2C — 2E,
A = 1, B = —1, C = —2, D = —3, E = —4. ,
2x2 + 2x +
13 1 x+ 3x + 4
2
— — .
(x — 2) (x2 + 1)2 2
= x—2 x2 + 1 (x2 + 1)

-
,
37
 ∫
∫ ∫
3x + 4
dx x + dx — dx =
2
J = —
x— 2 x2 + 1 (x2 + 1)2
1 3 — 4x 1 (x —
2)2
= +
2 x2 + 1 2 — 4 arctg x + C. a
ln x2 + 1

38
 -
, (x—ai)
Qm(x), .
-
, ,
, x = ai.
,
,
1
x — ai Pn(x)/Qm(x).
x
34. d
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x — 3)

x A3
A1 A2 + .
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x — = x+ + x+ x— 3
3) 1 2

x = A1(x + 2)(x — 3) + A2(x + 1)(x — 3) + A3(x + 1)(x + 2).

x = —1,
x = —2, x = 3,

—1 = —4A1, —2 = 5A2, 3 = 20A3,

1 2 3
A1 = , a2 = — , A3 = .
, 4 5 20
x 1 1 2 1 3 1
= — + .a
(x + 1)(x + 2)(x — 3) 4 x+1 5 x+2 20 x — 3

-
- -
.
∫ (x4 + 1) dx
35. J= .
x5 + x4 — x3 — x2
39
 d :

x5 + x4 — x3 — x2 = x2(x3 + x2 — x — 1) =
= x2(x + 1)(x2 — 1) = x2(x + 1)2(x — 1).

,
x4 + 1
A B C D E
= + + + + .
x5 + x4 — x3 — x2 x x2 x—1 x+1 (x + 1)2

x4 + 1 = Ax(x — 1)(x + 1)2 + B(x — 1)(x + 1)2 +

+Cx2(x + 1)2 + Dx2(x2 — 1) + Ex2(x — 1). (9)

(9) x = 0, x = 1, x = —1,
B = —1, C = 1/2, E = —1.
,
(9):

4x3 = A(x + 1)(4x2 — x — 1) + B(x + 1)(3x — 1) +

+ 2Cx(x + 1)(2x + 1) + 2Dx(2x2 — 1) + Ex(3x — 2),

x = 0. :

0 = —A — B, A = 1.

, x = —1, —4 = —2D + 5E,

D = —1/2. ,
∫ ∫ ∫ ∫ ∫
dx dx 1 dx 1 dx dx
J = + =
x — x 2 2 x — 1 —2 x + 1 — (x + 1)2
1 1 1 1
= ln |x| + + ln |x — 1| — ln |x + 1| + +C=
x 2 2 x + 1
= 2x + 1 +1 (x — 1)x2
ln ¯ ¯
¯ ¯.
x(x + 1) 2 x+1 a
Pn(x)/Qm(x) -
, ,
:
40
 ∫ Pn(x) ∫
Pn1 (x) Pn2 (x) dx, (10)
Qm(x) dx = Qm (x) + Q m (x)
1 2

Qm 2(x) = (x — a1) . . . (x — as)(x + p1x + q1) . . . (x2 + prx + qr)

2

, ( ) -
Qm(x), Qm1 (x) =
Qm(x)/Qm2 (x), Pn1 (x) Pn2 (x) -
, , , -
, Qm1 (x) Qm2 (x).
Pn1 (x) Pn2 (x) (10),

.
(10) -
∫
, dx.
Pn(x)
Qm(x)
, -
-
, .. -
- .
36.
∫
4x4 + 4x3 + 16x2 + 12x + 8
J dx.
= (x + 1)2 (x2 + 1) 2

d : Q1 = Q2 = (x + 1)(x2 + 1) = x3 + x2 + x + 1,
ax2 + bx + c ∫
J= dx2 + ex + f
x3 + x2 + x + 1 dx.
+ x3 + x2 + x + 1

4x4 + 4x3 + 16x2 + 12x + 8

JJ = =
(x + 1)2 (x2
+ 1) 2

µ
2
ax + bx + c ¶J dx2 + ex + f
= + .
x3 + x2 + x + 1 x3 + x2 + x + 1
, -
41
 -

42
 ,

4x4 + 4x3 + 16x2 + 12x + 8 = (2ax + b)(x3 + x2 + x + 1)—

2 2 3
2 2
+ x + 1).
— (ax + bx + c)(3x + 2x + 1) + (dx + ex + f )(x +
x

x -
, ,
a, b, . . . , f :
x5 0 = d( d ),
x4 4 = —a + e ,
x3 4 = —2b + e + f ,
x 2 16 = a — b — 3c + e +
f 1, x 12 = 2a — 2c + e + f ,
x0 8 = b— c+ f .
, a = —1, b = 1, c = —4, d = 0, e = 3,
f = 3,
∫
x2 — x + dx x2 — x + 4
4
J=—
x3 + x2 + x + =— +3 arctg x+C. a
+3 x2 + 1 x3 + x2 + x + 1
1 ∗ ∗ ∗

-
. -

t = ω(x), -
. R[x, u(x), . . .] -
, ..
P [x, u(x), . . .]
R[x, u(x), . . .] ,
= Q[x, u(x), . . .]

P [x, u(x), . . .], Q[x, u(x), . . .]

x, u(x), . . ., u(x) x.

43
5 ,
"
∫
µ αx + β¶1/m
R x, # dx
γx + δ

∫ R µ ¶
" αx + β 1/m
J = # dx, (11)
γx + δ
x, µ
αx + β
¶
1/m

t = ω(x) = , (12)
γx +
δ
m αx + β δtm — β
t = , x = ϕ(t) =
γx + δ . (13)
α — γtm
∫

J= R[ϕ(t), t]ϕJ(t) dt. (14)

R, ϕ, ϕJ , (14)
. , -
, x , t = ω(x).
∫ (14)
µ αx + β¶r µ ¶
R αx + β s , . . .
· , , dx
γx + δ γx + δ ¸
x,

r, s, . . .. -
(12), -
m r, s, . . . .
∫ √
x + 1√
+ dx.
37. J=
2 (x + 1) — x + 1
2

d - (αx + β)/(γx + δ)
44
 , x + 1.
√
t= x + 1, x = t2 — 1, dx = 2t dt.

45
 ∫
∫ ∫ µ ¶
t+
t + t dt = 2 2 2t + 2
2
J = 2 dt = — dt =
2

t4 — t t3 — 1
t— t2 + t + 1
(t — 1)2 2 1 2t +
1
= ln 2 √ — √ arctg √ + √ C =
tx —
+ t2+ 1x + 1 +32 2 3 2 x+1+1
= ln √ — √ arctg √ + C.
ax+ x+1+2 3 3
∫
dx
38. J= q
3
(2 + x) (2 — .
x)5
d (11) -
:

J=
∫ µ 2 + x ¶1/3
2—x dx .
(2 — x)2

µ ¶1/3
t= 2 — x 1 — t3
, x= ,
2+x 1 + t3
12 t2 dt 1 1 + t3
= .
dx = — 2 2—x 4t 3
, (1 + t3)
∫
∫ ¡ ¢
2 3 3 dt µ ¶2/3
3
t +1 t dt 2+x

3
=— =
J = —12 4 t3
+ C. a
16t6 (t3 + 1) 2
2—x
8
∫ ³ ´
R x, √ax2 + bx + c dx

∫ ³ ´
√ 2
R x, ax + bx + c dx, a /= 0, b2 — 4ac /= 0, (15)
46
 -
:
√ √
1) ax2 + bx + c = t ± a x, , a > 0.
, ,
√ √
ax + bx + c = t — a x.
2

47
 √
, , bx + c = t — 2 a tx,
2

√ √
t2 — c 2
a t + bt + c a
√ dt,
x= √ , dx = (2 a t + )2
2 2 at+b
√ b
√ 2
√
a t √+ bt + c a
ax2 + bx + c .
2 at+b
=
,
x ,
√
x, ax2 + bx + c
t. (15)
. x -
√ √
t = ax + bx + c ∓ a x.
2

√ √
2) ax + bx + c = xt ± c ,
2 , c > 0.
, (
+ ):

√ √
√ ax2 + bx + c c
2 ct— b
x = a — t2 , t= x√ ,
√ —
c t — bt + a c dt,
2

dx = 2 (a — t2)2
√ √ 2
√
ax2 + bx + c c t — bt + a c
a — t2 .
=
√
3) ax2 + bx + c = ±t(x λ)
√
ax2 + bx + c = ±t(x — µ), , -
λ µ:

ax2 + bx + c = a(x — λ)(x — µ);

.
√
ax2 + bx + c = t(x — λ).
48
 (x — λ),
:
a(x — µ) = t2(x — λ),

49
 —aµ + λt2 a ( µ — λ) t
x= , dx = 2 dt,
t2 — a (t2 — a)2
√ 2 √
ax + bx + c a(λ — µ)t
t=
ax2 + bx + c t2 — a .
, =
(x — λ)
∫ √
1 —√ 1 + x + x2
39. J= dx.
x 1 + x + x2
d.........................................................................
√
1 + x + x2 = tx + 1,

1 + x + x2 = t2x2 + 2tx + 1,

2t — 1
x= , dx = 2 1 t + t2
1 — t2 —
dt,
√ √ (1 — t 2 )2
1+x+ x2 1 1 — t + t2
t= 1+x+ x2 .
— 1 — t2
, =
x
√ ,
∫
—2t dt
¯ ¯2 1 + x + x2 — 2 — x¯
2¯ + C = ln + C. a
J = = 1— 2
¯ x ¯
ln 1 — t2 t

, -
∫
dx
27 √ x2 ± .
∫ a2
dx
√
40. a2 — x2
,
.
50
d
√
a2 — x2 = t(a — x);

51
 2

t2 —
+ 11 42at+ dt √ 22at
x=a , dx = (t , a2 — x2 = t + 1
, 1)2

∫ ∫ r
dx a+x
√a2 — x2 = 2 t2 + = 2 arctg t + C = 2 arctg + C.
1
dt
a— x
r
a+x x π
2 arctg = arcsin + , (—a < x < a),
a— x a 2
.............................................................................................................a
,

,
. -
-
.
41. d -
√
a2 — x2 = xt — a, , ,
∫
∫ dt
dx =—2 =
√a2 — x2 2
t +1
√
a+ a2 x2
= 2 arctg t + C = — 2 + C.
—x
arctg
:
(—a, 0) (0, a), x=0 -
√
— 2 arctg a + a2 — x2
, x
x li x→0+
lim m
52
Ã √
a+ a2 = π,
— 2 arctg !
à — x2 = —π.
x
— 2 arctg √
a+ a2
!
— x2
x

53
 -
, 2π ,
, (—a, a),
x=0 .

,

x
a +√ a2 — x2  arcsin a — π 0 < x < a,
— 2 arctg =
x x

arcsin +π — a < x < 0. a
a
-
. -
, ∫ .
P (x) dx
√n
Qm(x) ax2 + bx +
c
∫
P
√n(x) dx
2
Qm (x) ax + bx +
,
Pn(x) Qm(x) c , -
Pn(x)/Qm(x)...............................................
∫

1) √ Pn(x) dx ;
ax2 + bx + c
∫ dx
√ ;
2) (x — α) n 2
ax + bx + c
∫
( Mx +
m√N ) dx
3) (x2 + px + ) ax + bx + , p2 — 4q < 0.
q c
2

54
 ∫
¡ ¢±
2
Pn(x) ax + bx + c dx
1/2

∫
√ Pn(x) dx
, Pn (x) -
ax2 + bx +
c
n,
∫ Pn(x) dx
√ =
ax2 + bx +
∫
c √
dx . (16)
(x) ax2 + bx + c + λ √ax2 + bx +
= Pn—1
c

λ , Pn—1(x) n — 1.
Pn—1(x) λ -
(16),

√ x)(ax2 + bx + c)
Pn(√
2 ,
Pn(x) ax + bx + c
= ax2 + bx + c

∫
√
Pn(x) ax2 + bx + c dx.

∫
42. x2 + 3x + 5
J= √ dx.
x — 2x + 10
2
d (16) ∫
√
dx
J = (Ax + B) x2 — 2x + 10 + λ √ ,
x2 — 2x + 10
A, B λ....................................................................
,
x2 + 3x + 5

55
√ =
x2 — 2x + 10
√ (Ax + B)(x — 1) λ
2
=A — 2x + 10 √ +√ .
+ x — 2x + 10
2 x — 2x + 10
2
x

56
 ,
x2 + 3x + 5 = A(x2 — 2x + 10) + (Ax + B)(x — 1) + λ,

1 = 2A, 3 = —3A + B, 5 = 10A — B + λ,

1 9 9
A= , B= , λ= .
2 2 2
∫
√
1 9 dx
J = 2 (x + 9) x2 — 2x + 10 +2 √ =
(x — 1)2 +
√ ³ 9 √ ´
x+9 2 9
= 2 x — 2x + 10 + 2 ln x — 1 + x2 — 2x + 10 + C. a
∫
dx
√
∫ (x — α)n ax2 + bx +
dx
c

√ , n>0
2 n
, (x — α) ax + bx + c -
1
x—α= . ∫
t
dx
43. J=
√
.

d (x — 3) x2 +
1 4 dt
x— 3= , dx = — ;
∫ t t2
J=— dt
=
√
13t2 + 6t + 1 ¡√ √ ¢
∫
1 d 13 t + 3/ 13
q =
=—√ ¢2
13 13 t +√ 13 +
√
1 ¯√ ¡√ 3 2 4/13 ¯
3/
= — √ ln ¯ 13 t + √ + √ 13t + 6t + 1¯ + C =
13 13 ¯
— √1
57 13
√
 √
3 x2 + 4¯
= ln + + + C. a
13 ¯x — 3 13 x— ¯
3

58
 ,
∫
( Mx + N ) dx
m√ ,
2
(x + px + ) ax + bx +
c
q 2
.
∫ dx
(2m+1)/2
(ax2 + bx + c)

∫ dx
=
(ax2 + bx + c) (2m+1)/2 ∫

= dx , (17)
(ax2 + bx + c) m
(ax2 + bx + c) 1/2

m>0 ³√ , ´J
2ax +
t= ax2 + bx + c b . (18)
√
= 2 ax2 + bx +
c
, 4(ax2 + bx + c),

4t2(ax2 + bx + c) = (4a2x2 + 4abx + b2).

4a(ax2+bx+c),
,

4(a — t2)(ax2 + bx + c) = 4ac — b2,

, ,
¡ 2 ¢m µ ¶m
ax + bx + = 4ac — b 2
1
c 4 m . (19)
(a — t2)
(18) ,
2ax + b
t √ax2 + bx + c = .
2
, :
³√ ´J
√
ax2 + bx + c dt + t ax2 + bx + c dx =
59
 √
= ax2 + bx + c dt + t2 dx = a dx,

60
 dx dt
√ax2 + bx + c . (20)
= a — t2

(19) (20) ,
µ ¶m ∫
∫ dx ¢
4 2 m—1
(ax2 + bx + c) ¡ a—t dt,
= 4ac —
(2m+1)/2
b2
(17) ∫ .
dx
44. J= .
(2x2 — x+
d ³√ ´J
2)7/2 4x 1
t= 2x2 — x + 2 = √ —
2 2x2 — x + 2

√ dx = dt
2x2 — x + 2 2 — t2
,
µ ¶ =
¡ 2 15
3
(2 —1 t 2 )3
3375 1
2x ¢3— x + =
4 64
2
(2 — t2)3
.
64 ∫
J=
3375 ¡ ¢
2
2— t 2
dt.
" x,
64 4x — 1 —1 (4x — 1)3
J = 2 +
3375 (2x2 — x + 2)1/2 6 (2x
# 2 — x + 2)3/2

1 (4x — 1)5
+ .a
160 (2x2 — x + 2)∫5/2
dx
√
(x2 + λ2)n αx2 +
∫
dx β
61
 √ , n>0
2 2 n 2
(x + λ ) αx + β
,
r
β = t. (21)
α + x2

62
 ³√ ´J
αx
t= αx2 + β = √ . (22)
αx2 +

(20), β
√ dx =
dt
αx2 + β α — t2 ;
,
¡
x2 + λ = β ¢ 2 2 2 2
—αλ t + λ α
.
α (α — t2)

dx√ ¡
∫ = ∫ 2¢
k—1
(x2 + λ2)k αx2 + β k α—t dt ,
α [(β — αλ )t + λ2α2]k
2 2

-
. ∫
dx
45. J=
√
.

d a) (x2 + 2) x2 —
r 1
1 dx
= v, = 1 — v2, = v dv;
1 —x2 x3

1 x2

∫ √ √
dv 3+v 21
¯ ¯
J = = √ ln √ √ +C =
3 — 2v2√ 2 √6 ¯ 3—v 2¯
1 ¯ x 3 + 2x2 — 2 ¯
= √ ln √ √ + C.
2 6 ¯ x 3 — 2x — 2
2 ¯

) ³√ ´J :
t= x2 — 1 =√ dx dt
, √ = ,
x

63
x2 — x2 — 1 — t2
1 1
2 2 — 3t2
x +2= ,
1 — t2

64
 ∫ √ √
dt 2+t 3 1
¯ ¯
J = = √ ln √ √ +C =
6 ¯ 2—t 3¯
2 — 3t2 √ 2 √
1 ¯ x 3 + 2x2 — 2 ¯
= √ ln √ √ + C.
2 6 ¯ x 3 — 2x — 2
2 ¯

, ,
, -
......................................................a
∫
( Mx + N ) dx
m√
) ax + bx +
2
(x + px + c
2
q
∫
( Mx + N ) dx
J = m√ , (23)
(x2 + px + q) ax2 + bx + c

.
¡ ¢ ¡
1) ax2 + bx + c¢ = a x2 + px + q -
.

∫ ∫
1 ( Mx + N ) dx M
√ (2x + p) dx
J √ = 2 a +
a (2m+1)/2 (2m+1)/2
(x2
+ px +∫ q) (x2 + px + q)
2N — Mp dx . (24)
+ √
2 a
(x 2 + px + q)
(2m+1)/2

t = x2 + px + q,
(18).
¡ ¢ ¡
2) , ax2 + bx + c /= a x2 + px + q ,
¢
,
.
.
65
 2a) p /= b/a
µt + ν
x= , (25)
t+
1
µ ν ,
. (25) , -
,
(µ2 + pµ + q)t2
2
x + px + q = +
(t + 1)2
[2µν + p(µ + ν) + 2q]t + (ν2 + pν + q)
+ ,
(t + 1)2
2
2 (aµ + bµ +
c)t2
ax + bx + c +
(t + 1)2
=
[2aµν + b(µ + ν) + 2c]t + (aν2 + bν + c)
+ .
(t + 1)2
µ ν -
t:

2µν + p(µ + ν) + 2q = 0, 2aµν + b(µ + ν) + 2c = 0.

aq — c bq — cp
(µ + ν) = —2 , µν = .
ap — b ap — b
,µ ν
(ap — b)z2 + 2(aq — c)z + (bq — cp) = 0. (26)

, (26) -
, , , (25) .
(23)
∫
P (t) dt
J = √ ,
2
(t + λ) m 2
αt + β

P (t) 2m — 1 λ > 0. m>1

¡ 2 ¢m
P (t)/ t + λ ,
∫
(Akt + Bk) dt
Jk = 66
 k
√
(t2 + λ) αt2
,
+β
. . . , m).

67
 2b) p = b/a, x = t — p/2 -
(23) (27).

∫ ∫ :
Ak αt√dt dt
√
Jk = + .
2
(t + λ)k 2
αt + β 2
(t + λ) k 2
αt + β
α Bk
√

u= αt2 + β. -
(21)∫ (22).
(x + 3) dx
46. J=
√
.

d - (x2 — x + 1) x2 + x +
µt + 1ν
x= ,
t+1

x ± x+1 (µ2 ± µ + 1)t2 + [2µν ± (µ + ν) + 2]t + (ν2 ± ν +

2
= .
1) (t + 21)

2µν ± (µ + ν) + 2 = 0,

µ + ν = 0, µν = —1,
, , µ = 1, ν = —1.
t—1 2 4t + 2
dt
x= , dx = , x+3= ,
t+1 (t + t+1
√
1)2

x2 — x + 1 t2 + 3 3t2 + 1
(t + 1)2 √ +x+1 ,
= , x2 = t+1

, , t + 1 > 0 ( . . x < 1).

,

68
 ∫
J = (8t + 4) dt =
(t2 + 3)√3t2 + ∫ 1 ∫
t dt dt
= 8 √ +4 √ .
(t2 + 3) 3t2 + 1 (t2 + 3) 3t2 + 1

69
 √
√ u= 3t2 + 1
r 3t2 +
8 arctg + CJ.
1
3t
8
u=√ ,
∫ 3t2 + 1 √ √
du 1 3 3 + 2 2u
¯ ¯
J2 = 12 = √ ln √ √ + C JJ .
27 — 8u2 6 ¯3 3 — 2 2u¯
x:
J = √ x2 + x + 1
√ +
√ 8 arctg 2(x — 1)
√ √ √
1 ¯ 3 x2 + x + 1 + 2(x + 1) ¯
+ √ ln √ √ √ + C. a
6 ¯ 3 x + x + 1 — 2(x + 1)¯
2

∫ ³ √
R ´x, ax2 + bx + c dx

∫ ³ ´
√
R x, ax2 + bx + c dx,

-
.
, ,
t = x + b/(2a). -
: ax2 + bx + c = ±p2t2 ± q2,
∫ ³ √ ´
(I) ∫ R t, p2t2 + q2 dt ;
³ √ ´
(II) R t, p2t2 — q2 dt ;
∫ ³ √ ´
(III) R t, q2 — p2t2 dt .
70
 I III -
, ( -
), -
, :
p p
(I) t= sh z;
q tg z, t=
q
p p
(II) t = sec z, t= ch z;
q q
p p p
(III) t = sin z, t= cos z, t= th z.
q q q
dx
∫ 47. J= s .
(5 + 2x + x2)3

d 5 + 2x + x2 = 4 + (x + 1)2,
t = x + 1. ∫
dt
J = s ,
(4 + t2)3

I. q t = 2 tg
qz
2 dz
dt = , (4 + t2)3 = 23 (1 + tg2)z 3 8
.
cos2 z cos3 z
=

∫
1 1 1 tg
J = cos z dz = sin z + C = √ +C=
4 4 4 1 + tg2
1 z x+ z
1
t/2
= √ +C= √ + C. a
4 2
1 + t /4 4 5 + 2x + x 2
∫ q
48. J= (x2 — 1)3 dx.
d II;
71
x = ch t, dx = sh t dt.

72
 ∫ q dt = ∫ µ ¶
¡ t— 2
J ch 2 ∫ 4
sh t dt = ch 2t — 1 dt =
¢
3
= 1
∫ ∫ ∫ 2
1 1 1
= 4 ∫ ch2 2t dt — 2 ch 2t dt + 4 dt =
1 1 1
= (ch 4t + 1) dt — sh 2t + t =
8 4 4
1 1 3
= sh 4t — sh 2t + t + C.
32 4 8
x:
³ √
´
t = Arch x = ln x + x2 — 1
√
; sh 2t = 2 sh
—
t ch t = 2x x2 1;
√ ¡
sh 4t = 2 sh 2t ch 2t = 4x x2 — 1¢2x2 — 1 .
, √ √ ³ √ ´
1 ¡ ¢ 1 3
J = x 2x2 — 1 x2 — 1 — x x2 — 1 + ln x + x2 — 1 + C. a
8 2 8

-
, .∫
dx
49. J=
³
.
√ ´√
1+ x x—
d
x2
x = sin2 t, dx = 2 sin t cos t dt.

∫ ∫ ∫
2 sin t cos t dt 2 dt 1 — sin t
=2 dt =
J = s 1 + sin t cos2 t
=
(1 + sin t) sin2 t — sin4 t
√ √
2 2 x 2 2( x — 1)
73
= 2 tg t — +C √ —√ +C √
cos t + C. a
= 1—x 1—x 1—x
=

74
 ∫ p
) dx, (28)
xm (axn +
b

a, b (a /= 0, b /= 0), m, n, p
, (n /= 0, p /= 0),
. (28)
:
1) p ;
t = xN , N m n;
m+
1 ; axn + b = ts,
2)
n
s p;
m+1
3) +p ; a+bx—n =
t s, n
s p.
, -
(28)
. √
∫ √
3
1+ 4x ∫ ³ ´1/
50. J = √ = x— 1+ 3 dx.
d x 1/2
x1/4
1 1 1
, p= ;
m=— , n= 4 3
2
m+ —(1/2) + = 2,
1n =1
(1/4)
.
√ ¡ ¢ ¡ ¢
4 3
1+ 4
x = t , x= t —1
3 3
, dx = 12t t — 1
2 3
dt.

75
 ∫
¡ ¢ 3
J = 12 t —t
6 3
dt = 7 t4(4t3 — 7) + C =

3¡ √ ¢ ¡ √
4/3
¢
= 71 +
4
x 4 x — 3 + C. a
4

76
 ∫ ∫
dx ¡ ¢—
1/4
51. J = √ = 0
x 1+x 4
dx.

d 4
1 + x4
1
m = 0, n = 4, p=— ;
, 4

m+1 1 1
+p= = 0.
n 4 — 4

4
x +
1 + x —4 = ¡ ¢— ¡ ¢—
1/4 5/4
1 =t, 4
x= t —1 4
, dx = —t t — 1 3 4
dt,

x4
√ ¡ ¢—
1/4
4
1 + x4 = tx = t t — 1 4
∫ ∫ µ ¶ ∫
2
t dt 1 1 1 1 dt
dt — =
J = — = — t2 + 1
t4 — 1 t+1 t— 2
4
1
1 t+1 1
= 4 ln ¯ t — 1¯ — 2 arctg t + C √
= √ 1 + x4 + x
4
1 + x4
¯4
1
1
= ln + C. a
√ 4 — x
4 arctg
1 + x4 — x 2

, -
, -
. ,
∫ n
∫
z=x
m n
p 1 1
x (ax + b dx = (az + b)pzq dz = , (29)
J
)
n p, q
n
m+1
q = — 1. Jp, q
: n
1) p ; 2) q ; 3) p + q .
77
Jp, q -

78
 :
(az + b)p+1zq+1 p+ q + 2
(I) Jp, q = +
b(p + 1) Jp+1, q , (p /= —1),
— b(p + 1)
p+1 q+1
(II) Jp, q = (az + b) z — p + q + 2
b(q + 1) Jp, q+1 , (q /= —1),
a b(q
bp + 1)

(az + b)pzq+1
(III) Jp, q = + Jp—1, q , (p + q /= —1),
p + q +
p+11q
(az + b) z — p + q +
bq 1
(IV) Jp, q = Jp, q—1 , (p + q /= —1),
a(p + q + 1) a(p + q + 1)
p q
.
52. ∫
xm dx
Hm = √ (m ),
1 — x2
,
m.
d n = 2, p = —1/2; m

m+ m+1
= ,
1 2
m n
m+1 m+1 1 m
+p
= — = ,
n 2 2 2
. -
z = x2
∫
(1 z)—1/2z 1
21 —
(m—1)/2
dz = J—21 , m−1
2 .
2
, m > 1, -
(IV),
2
J— 21 , m−1 =— — (1 z)1/2z(m—1)/2 +
2
79
 —
m 1 J—21 , m−3 ,
m m
2

, ,
1 √
m—1
Hm = — m —1
x 1— x2 + m—2 .
m m
H

80
 , m 2, -
∫
Hm xdx √
2
1 + C,
H = √ = — 1—x
1 — x2
m ,
H0 =
dx
∫ √ = arcsin x + C,
1 — x2
m .
m < —1, m = —µ, µ > 1.
(II)
(1 — z)1/2z(m+1)/2 m+2
J— 1 , m−1 = 2 + J 1 , m+1 ,
2 2 m+1 m + 1 —2 2
√
—(µ—1)
xx2 1— µ—2
H —µ = — + H—(µ—2) .
µ—1 µ— 1

µ 2, ∫ √ H —µ
dx ¯1 — 1 — x2 ¯
+ C,
H —1 = √ = ln ¯
x 1 — x2 ¯ x
µ , ∫ √
dx 1 — x2
√ + C,
H —2 = =— x
x2 1 — x2
m.................a

6
∫

R(sin x, cos x) dx

-
-
x
t = tg (—π < x < π).
2 81
 ,
2 tg(x/2) 2t 1 — tg2(x/2) 1 — t2
sin x = = = ,
1 + tg2(x/2) 2
, cos x = 1 + tg2(x/2) 1 + t2
1+t
x = 2 arctg t, dx = 2 dt ,
1 + t2

∫ ∫ µ ¶
2t 1— t 2
dt
R(sin x, cos x) dx = R ,
2 1 + t2 1 + 1 + t2
. -
t2
.
:

1) R(— sin x, cos x) = —R(sin x, cos x), -

t = cos x, x ∈ (—π/2, π/2);

2) R(sin x, — cos x) = —R(sin x, cos x) , -

t = sin x, x ∈ (0, π);

3) R(— sin x, — cos x) = R(sin x, cos x) -

t = tg x, x ∈ (—π/2, π/2).
∫
53. J= sin2 x cos3 xdx.
d cos x, -
t = sin x, cos xdx = dt, sin2 x = 1 — t2:
3 5 sin3 x sin5 x
J∫ = t (1 — ) dt = t — t + C
2 + C. a
= 5
t2 3 5 3
—
∫ sin5 x
54. J= dx.
cos4 x
d sin x
— sin x. t = cos x :
∫
t4 — 2 t2 + 2 1
1
J = —
82
 dt —t — + +C=
t4 t 3t3 2 1
= — cos x — + + C. a
cos x 3 cos3 x

83
 ∫

55. J= dx
sin x cos2 x
4

d
sin x — sin x cos x — cos x .
dt 2 t2 2 1
t = tg x, dx = , sin x = , cos x = ,
1 + t2 1 + t2 1 + t2

∫ ¡
t2 +
¢
J =1 2 dt =
t4 2 1 1
=t+ + + C = tg x — 2 ctg x + ctg3 x + C. a

56.
t 3t3 ∫ 3
1 1 — r2
J= dx.
2 1 — 2r cos x + r2
d t = tg(x/2).
J = (1 — r )
2 µ2 dt
(1 — r) + (1 +¶r)2t2= µ ¶
∫
1+r 1+r x
= arctg t + C = arctg tg + C. a
1—r 1—r 2

R(sin x, cos x) ∫ .
dx
57. J=
sin x cos2 x
d sin x + cos2 x = 1; 2

2 2
∫
J = ∫ sin x + cos x dx = ∫
sin x cos2 x sin x dx + dx
cos 2x sin x =
∫ ∫
d cos x d cos x 1 1 1 — cos x
= — — = + ln + C. a
cos x2 1 — cos x
2 cos x 2 1 + cos x
∫

R(sh x, ch x) dx.

, ,
84
 R(sin x, cos x) dx, -
x
t= .
th 2

85
 2 th(x/2) 2t 1 + th2(x/2) 1 + t2
sh x = =
= 1 ,ch x = 1 — th2(x/2) ,
1 — th2(x/2) —t
2 1 — t2
2 dt
x = 2 Arth t,dx = ,
1 — t2
∫ ∫ µ ¶
2
2t 1+t dt
R(sh x, ch x) dx = R .
2 1 — t 2
1 — t 2 1 — t 2
,

, -
, :
1) R(— sh x, ch x) = —R(sh x, ch x), t = ch x;

2) R(sh x, — ch x) = —R(sh x, ch x), t = sh x;

3) R(— sh x, — ch x) = R(sh x, ch x), t = th x.

, ,
R(sh x, ch x)
.
∫
58. J= ch3 x sh8 xdx.
d ch x; -
∫ t = sh x. ∫

J = (1 + sh2 x) sh8 xd sh x = (1 + t2)t8 dt =

1
9 11
= t +t +C sh9 x + 1 sh11 x + C. a
9 11 = 9 11
∫
2 sh x + 3 ch x
59. J= dx.
4 sh x + 5 ch x
d , -
ch x sh x, , ,
(ch x)J = sh x, (sh x)J = ch x.

:
86
2 sh x + 3 ch x = α(4 sh x + 5 ch x) + β(4 ch x + 5 sh x).

87
 α β
(
4α + 5β = 2,
5α + 4β = 3,

α = 7/9, β = —2/9. ,
∫ ∫
7 2 4 ch x + 5 sh x
J= 9 dx — 9 4 sh x + 5 ch x dx =

∫
7 2 d(4 sh x + 5 ch x)
= 9x — 9 4 sh x + 5 ch =
x 7 2
= x — ln(4 sh x + 5 ch x) + C. a
9 9
∫
sinν x · cosµ xdx, shν x · chµ xdx
∫
∫ ∫

J1 = sinν x cosµ xdx, J2 = shν x chµ xdx

(µ, ν )

t = sin x, t = cos x,

, ,
t = sh x, t = ch x,
.

t = sin2 x, dt = 2 sin x cos xdx,

J1 Jp, q, -
(29) . 46:
1∫ ¡
J1 = 2 ¢ µ−1
2 sin ν—1 1 — sin 2
· 2 sin x cos xdx =
x
∫ t) µ−1 ν−1

1 (1 — 2
t 2 dt =
= 288
1
Jµ−1 ; ν−1 .
2 2 2

89
 -
, J1 , µ ν
, µ+ν .
ν ( µ) , -
t = cos x ( t = sin x).
µ ν ( ),
t = tg x
t = ctg x.
µ ν ,
, -

sin 2x 2
1 — cos 2x 1 + cos 2x
sin x cos x = , sin x = , cos2 x = .
2 2 2
, ν = 2n, µ = 2m, ν≥µ

sin2n x cos2m x = (sin x cos x)2m sin2(n—m) x =

µ ¶ µ ¶—
2m n m
= sin 2x 1 — cos 2x ,
2 2
ν<µ
2(m—n)
sin2n x cos2m x = (sin
µ x cos x)
¶ µ
2n
cos x¶=
2n n—m
sin 2x 1 + cos 2x
= .
2 2

C sinν1 2x · cosµ1 2x,

ν+µ
ν1 + µ1 ≥ n + m . ,
2
=
ν 1, µ1 ,
.
, sin 4x cos 4x, .. -
, ,
, .
µ ν ( -
) ,
90
 -
(c. 47):

(I)
sinν+1 x cosµ+1 x
∫ ν
sin x xdx = +
cos —
µ µ+1
∫
ν+µ+2
+ sinν x cosµ+2 xdx, /
µ= 1;
µ+1 —
∫
sinν+1 x cosµ+1 x
(II) sin ν x µ xdx = +
cos = ν +
1
ν + µ + 2∫
sinν+2 x cosµ xdx, ν = 1;
∫ ν+1 /
(III) sin ν x µ ν+1
sin x cos µ—1
x
cos xdx = + —
= ν +
µ
µ — 1∫
+ sinν x cosµ—2 xdx, ν + µ = 0;
∫ ν + µ/
(IV) sin ν x µ sinν—1 x cosµ+1 x
cos xdx = +
= ν +
ν — 1µ∫
+ sinν—2 x cosµ xdx, ν + µ = 0.
ν+µ
/
-
ν µ 2 ( ). -
ν µ ,

, -
ν µ, —1, 0 1:

∫ ∫

1) ∫ dx = x + C; 2) ∫ cos xdx = sin x + C;

³ ´
dx x π
3) sin xdx = — cos x + C; 4) = ln ¯tg + ¯ + C;
cos x 2 4
∫ ∫
dx ¯
¯ x¯ sin x
5)
∫
sin x = ln tg 2¯ + C; 6) cos x dx = — ln | cos x| + C;
cos x 2

91
 ∫
sin x + C;
7) dx = ln | sin x| + C; sin x cos xdx =
2
8) ∫ sin x
dx = ln |tg x| + C .
9)
sin x cos x

92
 -
∫

shν x chµ xdx.

∫
60. J= sin2 x cos4 xdx.
d t = tg x, -
:
1 1 1
sin2 x cos4 x = sin2 2x (cos 2x + 1) = sin2 2x cos 2x + (1 — cos 4x);
8 8 16
1 1 1
J= sin3 2x + x— sin 4x + C. a
48 16 64
∫
cos4 x
61. J
= sin3 x
d t = cos dx
x, . II
III :
∫ ∫
4
cos x — cos 5
x — 3 cos4 x
dx = dx,
sin3 x 2 sin2 x sin x
∫ 2 cos4
1 cos3 x + cos2
x sin dx = x sin
dx =
3 ∫
x 1 x x

¯ ¯
= 3 cos3 x + cos x + ln¯ tg2 ¯ +
C,
cos5 x 3 ¯ x
J=— 2
— cos x — ln¯ tg ¯ + C. a
2 sin x 2 2
¯
.
3 ,

Pn(x)eax, Pn(x) sin bx,

Pn(x) . ,

93
ex , sin x
xn xn
,

94
 .

,
,

( )
∫ ∫ dy
ex dx = = li(y) + C, y (0,
x 1) ln y
∈
( )
∫
sin x
x dx = Si(x) + C, x ∈ (—∞, +∞)

( )
1 ∫
2
√ e —x dx = Φ0(x) + C, x ∈ (—∞, +∞)
2π

, ,

, -
. li(x), Si(x), Φ0(x)

x sin x 1 —x 2
,
ln x , √ e ,
x 2π :
Si(0) = 0, lim li(y) = 0, Φ0(0) = 0.
y→0+
62. ∫ li(x)
J = dx
ln2 x
d , -
dx
u = x, dv = ,
x ln2 x ∫
dx d ln x 1
du = dx, v=
x ln2 x ∫
= ln2 x = — ln x .

95
 ∫
x x
J = —ln + =— + li(x) + C. a
ln ln
dx x x x

96
7

:
√ √
∫ (x x )(1 + x ) ∫ dx
(k > 1).
1. √3 dx.
— x 2. (x — a)k
∫ ∫ 2x3 3x2 + x 2
ax + b — dx.
3. dx. x+3
4. —
cx + d
sin(2n + 1)x
5. ∫ cos mx sin nxdx (m n = 0). 6. dx (n > 0).
∫ ∫ sin x
xdx ± / ∫
7. x22 3 dx.
1 + x 4.
∫ ∫ cos x
dx
9. ∫ 8. . 10. ∫ tg xdx.
x ln x ln ln
dx
11. x . 12. ctg xdx.
∫ 2 2 2 2 ∫ √
A sin x + B cos x
dx arctg x
13. . 14. dx.
∫ cos x ∫ 1+
1 dx x2 dx
15. tg · . 16. 3/2
.
∫ x x2 ∫
(x2 + )
dx 2 dx
17. . 18. a .
3/2 3/2
∫ (x — a )
2 2 ∫ (a2 — x2)

19. ∫ x3 ln xdx. 20. ∫ arcsin xdx.

21. ∫ arctg xdx. 22. ∫ eax sin bx dx.

dx dx
23. . 24. .

25. x2 (1 + x2)2 ∫ x4 + 1
∫ dx dx
√ √ . 26. .
3
4x2 + 4x + 1 2x + x2 (1 +
∫ 1 x2)2 ∫
—
27. √ dx dx. 28.
3
x 1 + x5
∫ 97
√ — x3 dx.
3
x

29. 2x4 4x3 + 24x2 40x + 20

dx.
(x — 1) (x — 2x + 2)
2 3

98
 ∫ x6 x5 + x4 + 2x3 + 3x2 + 3x + 3
30. dx.
— (x + 1)2 (x2 + x + 1)3
-
m = —3 m = 4:
∫ ∫
xm xm
31. √ dx. 32. √ dx .
x2 — 1 x2 + 1
:
∫ ∫ √
x2 dx ax2 + b
33. √ dx.
. ∫ x
∫ 2
ax + b dx
35. 34. √
dx dx.
√ (a + x ) a — x
2 2 2 2
x+ .
2
∫ x —x+1 ∫
37. √x — x + 1
3
dx
dx.
∫ x2 + 2x + 2 ∫ √ dx.
38. x3dx (x — 1) dxx2 — 2x — 1
3

39. √ q dx.
dx. (7x — x — 10)
2 3
(1 + x) 1 + 2x — x 2

40.
∫ ∫
dx dx
√
41. 2 2 . 42. q dx.
(x + 2) 2x — 2x + (2 + x) (2 —
3

∫ 5 ∫ x)5
43. dx sin2 x cos
sin x sin . dx.
x sin x +
∫ 2x cos x
45. dx 44.
. ∫
∫ ∫ cos 4 dx.
3x
46. sin x
dx dx
47. . 48. .
a + b tg a + b cos x
∫ x ch2 x
49. ∫
dx . 3
dx.
cos5 x sh x
99
50.
 ∫ ∫

51. ∫ tg6 xdx. 52. ∫ sin4 cos6 xdx.

53. sh2 x ch3 xdx. 54. (2x + 1)earctg x dx.

∫ ∫
x cos x — sin x dx
55. x2 dx. 56. a + b cos x + c sin .
x

10
57. ∫ (x2 + 1)√ x2 + x + 1 x3 + 1
√— dx.
∫ x +x+1—x
2

dx 2
58. A cos x + 2B sin x cos x + C sin2 x, (AC — B >
2

0). Si(x), li(x), Φ0(x) -

∫ ∫

59. sin x Si(x) dx. 60. li(x) dx.

∫ ∫

61. xΦ0(x) dx. 62. Φ0(x) dx.

10
A -
, -

A.1

sin2 x + cos2 x = 1; tg x · ctg x = 1;

1 1
1 + tg2 x = 1 + ctg2 x =
cos2 ; 2
.
x sin x

x 2
t = tg , sin x = , cos x = 1 —t
, dx = 2 dt
.
2t

1+t2 1+t2 1+t2

2

sin(x ± y) = sin x cos y ± cos x sin y;

cos(x ± y) = cos x cos y ∓ sin x sin y;
sin(x + y + z) = sin x cos y cos z + cos x sin y cos z+
+ cos x cos y sin z — sin x sin y sin z;
cos(x + y + z) = cos x cos y cos z — sin x sin y cos z—
— sin x cos y sin z — cos x sin y sin z;
tg x ± tg y ctg x ctg y ∓ 1
tg(x ± y) = ; ctg(x ± y) = ;
1 ∓ tg x tg y ctg y ± ctg x

x sin
2 10
 r r
1 — cos x 1 + cos x
=± ; =± ;

10
 x sin x
tg r 1 — cos x = 1 — cos x
2 = 1 + cos 1 + cos = sin x ;
x ± x x 1 + cos x
ctg r sin x = .
2 = 1 + cos sin x
x 1 — cos =
± x 1 — cos x
.

sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x 2 tg x

;
= 1 + tg2 x

cos 2x = 2 1 — tg2 x
x — sin x =
cos2 1 + tg2 x
=
= 2 cos2 x — 1 = 1 — 2 sin2 x ;

tg 2x = 2 tg x 2
= ;
1 — tg2 x ctg x — tg x
ctg2 x — 1 ctg x — tg x
ctg 2x = = ;
2 ctg x 2

sin 3x = 3 sin x — 4 sin3 x ; cos 3x = 4 cos3 x — 3 cos x ;

tg 3x = 3 tg x tg3 x ctg3 x 3 ctg x

;
— ; ctg 3x = 3 ctg—
2
x— 1
1 —3 3 tg2 x
sin 4x = 8 cos x sin x — 4 cos x sin x ;cos 4x = 8 cos4 x — 8 cos2 x + 1 ;

tg 4x = 4 tg x — 4 tg3 x —
ctg4 x 6 ctg2 x + 1
; ctg 4x = 4 ctg3 x — 4 ctg x .
1 — 6 tg2 x + tg4 x

cos nx = cosn x — Cn2 cosn—2 x sin2 x +

+ C 4 ncosn—4 x sin4 x — C 6n cosn—6 x sin6 x + . . . ;
10
sin nx = C 1 ncosn—1 x sin x — Cn3 cosn—3 x sin3 x +
+ C 5ncosn—5 x sin5 x — . . . .

10
 x+y x—y
sin x + sin y = 2 sin cos ;
2 2
x+y x—y
sin x — sin y = 2 cos 2 sin 2 ;
x+y x—y
cos x + cos y = 2 cos cos ;
2 2
x+y y—x
cos x — cos y = 2 sin sin ;
2 2
√ ³ ´ √ ³ ´
π π
cos x ± sin x = 2 sin 4 ± x = 2 cos 4 ∓ x ;

sin(x ± y) sin(x ± y)
tg x ± tg y = cos x cos y ; ctg x ± ctg y = ±sin x sin ;
y
cos(x — y) cos(x + y)
tg x + ctg y = cos x sin y ; ctg x — tg y = ±sin x cos y .

sin x sin y 1
[cos(x — y) — cos(x + y)];
= cos x cos y 2
1
[cos(x — y) + cos(x + y)];
= 2
1
[sin(x — y) + sin(x + y)];
sin x cos y 2
=
cos(x + y) cos(x — y) = cos2 y — sin2 x = cos2 x — sin2 y ;
sin(x + y) sin(x — y) = cos2 y — cos2 x = sin2 x — sin2 y;
tg x + tg y tg x — tg y
tg x tg y = = — ctg x — ctg
ctg x + ctg ;
y y
ctg x + ctg
y ctg x — ctg y
ctg x ctg y = = — tg x — tg y ;
tg x + tg y
tg x + ctg y
y 1
tg x ctg y =
ctg x + tg
10
 —
tg x — ctg y ctg x — tg y
= ;
sin x sin y sin z [sin(x + y — z) + sin(y + z — x)+
= 4
+ sin(z + x — y) — sin(x + y +
z)]; 1
sin x cos y cos z = [sin(x + y — z) — sin(y + z — x)+
4

10
 + sin(z + x — y) + sin(x + y + z)];
1
sin x sin y cos z = [— cos(x + y — z) + cos(y + z — x)+
4
+ cos(z + x — y) — cos(x + y + z)];
1
cos x cos y cos z = [cos(x + y — z) + cos(y + z — x)+
4
+ cos(z + x — y) + cos(x + y + z)].

1 — cos 2x 1 + cos 2x
sin2 x = 2 ; cos2 x = 2 ;
3 sin x — sin 3x 3 cos x + cos 3x
sin3 x = 4 ; cos3 x = 4 ;
cos 4x — 4 cos 2x + 3 cos 4x + 4 cos 2x + 3
sin4 x = 8 ; cos4 x = 8 .

π x
arcsin x = — arcsin(—x)
— arccos x = arctg √ ;
= 2π 1 — xx2
arccos x = π — arccos(—x) = — arcsin x = arcctg √ — ;
π 2 x 1 x2
arctg x = — arctg(—x) = — arcctg x = arcsin √ ;
2π 1 x+ x2
arcctg x = π — arcctg(—x) = — arctg x = arccos √ .
2 1 + x2

 ³ √ √ ´
arcsin x 1 — y2 + y 1 — y2
 xy ≤ 0 x2 + y2 ≤ 1;

, ³ √ ´
 √
arcsin x + arcsin y π — arcsinx x> 0,
1— y >y 0+ y x21 +—y2y > 1;
2 2

= 
, ³ √ √ ´

—π — arcsinx <x 0,1 y—<y02 + y2 1 — 2
x + y2 y> 1;

,
10
  ³ √ √
— arcsin x 1 — y2 — y 1 — y2
 xy ≥ 0 x2 + y2 ≥ 1;

´ ³ √
 √
arcsin x — arcsin y = , π — arcsin x 1 — y — y 1 — y2
2

´ x > 0, y < 0 x2 + y2 > 1;

³ √ √ ´
,
—π
 — arcsin x 1 — y2 — y 2 1 —2 y2
 x < 0, y > 0 x + y > 1;
,
 ³ ´
√ √
 arccos xy — 1 — x 1 — y
2 2 ,
 x + y ≥
0; ³ √ √ ´
arccos x + arccos y = 
 2π — arccos xy — 1 — x2 1 — y2

, ³x + y √≤ 0; √
— arccos xy + 1 — x2 1 — y2

arccos x — arccos y =
´ x ≥ y;
 ³ √ √ ´
,
arccos xy + 1 — x 1 — y
2 2 ,

x < y;

x+y
 arctg1 — xy xy < 1;
 x+
arctg x + arctg y y
π + arctg1 — xy x > 0, xy > 1;
= x+y
 π + arctg x < 0, xy > 1;
1 — xy

—
x— y
 arctg1 + xy , xy > —1;
 x+
arctg x — arctg y = y
π + arctg , x > 0, xy < —1;
1— x—xy
 π y
+ arctg , x < 0, xy < —1.

— 1 + xy
10
 ( )

a = sin x a = cos x a = tg x a = ctg x

√ a 1
sin x a ±√ ±√
± 1— a 2
1 + a2 1 + a2

√ 1 a
cos x a ±√ ±√
± 1— a 2
1 + a2 1 + a2
√
a 1 — a2 1
tg x ± a
± a
√ a
√1 — a
2

1 — a2 a 1
ctg x ± a
± √ a
a 1 — a2

. -
,

. √ , sin x = a,
1 — a2 π a
ctg x =
(0 ≤ x ≤ ), arcsin a = arctg √ .
a 2 1 — a2
A.2

sh x = ex + e— sh ch x
ex — e—x , ch x = , th x , cth x = .
x2 x ch sh x
2 =
x

sh z = —i sin iz, ch z = cos iz, th z = —i tg iz, cth x = i ctg iz,

11
sin z = —i sh iz, cos z = ch iz, tg z = —i th iz, ctg z = i cth iz.

11
 z = x+iy ,i (i2 = —1).
, f -
f (x), f (ax),
,
sin x i sh x cos x ch x.

ch2 x — sh2 x 1= 1; th x cth x = 1; 1

1 — th2 x = ; cth2 x — 1 = ;
2 2
ch x sh x
ch x + sh x = ex; ch x — sh x = e—x.

x
t= ,
th 2
2 th(x/2) 2t 1 + th2(x/2) 1 + t2
sh x = = = ,
, ch x =
1 — th2(x/2) 12—dtt 2 1 — th2(x/2) 1 — t2
dx =
, x = 2 Arth t.
1 — t2

sh(—x) = — sh x; ch(—x) = ch x; th(—x) = — th x.

sh(x ± y) = sh x ch y ± ch x sh y; ch(x ± y) = ch x ch y ± sh x
th x ± th y 1 ± cth x cth y
sh y; th(x ± y) = ; cth(x ± y) = .
1 ± th x th y cth x ± cth y

11
 r r
x ch x — 1 x ch x + 1
sh 2 = ± 2 ; ch 2 = 2 ;

x sh x r
th = ch x — ch x — 1
2 ch x + =
1 = ch x + 1 ;
x 1 sh x ±
cth sh x ch x + = r ch x + 1 .
2 1 ch x — 1
= =
sh x ±
ch x —
1
.

sh 2x = 2 sh x ch x 2 th x
;
= 1 — th x2

ch 2x = sh2 x + ch2 x = 2 ch2 x — 1 = 2 sh2 x + 1;

sh 3x = 3 sh x + 4 sh3 x; ch 3x = —3 ch x + 4 ch3 x;
sh 4x = 4 sh3 x ch x + 4 ch3 x sh x; ch 4x = ch4 x + 6 ch2 x sh2 x + sh4 x;

th 2x = 2 th x 1 + cth2 x
.
2
; cth 2x = 2 cth x
1 + th x

x± y x∓ y
sh x ± sh y = 2 sh 2 ch 2 ;

x+y x—y x+y x—y

ch x + ch y = 2 ch 2 ch 2 ; ch x — ch y = 2 sh 2 sh 2 ;
sh(x ± y) sh(y ± x)
th x ± th y = ch x ch ; cth x ± cth y = sh x sh y .
y

11
sh x sh y 1
[ch(x + y) — ch(x — y)];
= ch x ch 2
1
[ch(x — y) + ch(x + y)] ;
y= 2

11
 sh x ch y = 1
[sh(x — y) + sh(x + y)];
22
sh(x + y) sh(x — y) = ch x — ch2 y = sh2 x — sh2
y; ch(x + y) ch(x — y) = sh2 x + ch2 y = ch2 x +
sh2 y.

(ch x ± sh y)n = ch nx ± sh nx.

1 1
sh2 x = (ch 2x — 1); ch2 x = (ch 2x + 1);
2 2

y= Arsh x ( ), x = sh y;
y= Arch x ( ), x = ch y;
y= Arth x ( ), x = th y;
y= Arcth x ( ), x = cth y.
, y = ch x -
. -
y = Arch x.

³ √
y = Arsh x = ln x + ´ x2 + 1 ;
 ³ √, ´
ln x x2 1 x 1 < y 0;
³ — ´ — ≥
y = Arch x = r √
ln— x∞+ x2≤
1+ x— 1 , x≥ 1 0≤ y≤
y = Arth x = ln 1 1+x
+∞; = ln
11
 |x| < 1;
1—x 2 1—x

11
 r
x +
y = Arcth x = ln 1 x+
1 |x| > 1.
1 = ln

x— 1 2 x— 1

( -
)

a = sh x a = ch x a = th x a = cth x
√ a 1
sh x a ± a2 — 1 ± ±
√ √
1 — a2 a2 — 1
√
1 a
ch x a2 + 1 a √ √
1 — a2 a2 — 1
√
a 1
th x ±√ a2 — 1 a
± a
a2 + 1
√ a
a2 + 1 a 1
cth x ± a
± a
a √
a2 — 1

sh x = a, cth x √a2 + 1 √
a2 + 1
= .
(x ≥ 0), Arsh a = a
a
Arcth
.

³ √ ´
Arsh x ± Arch y = Arsh xy ± (1 + x2)(y2 — 1) =
h √ √ i
= Arch y 1 + x2 ± x y2 — 1
³ √ √
; Arsh x ± Arsh y = Arsh x 1 + y2 ± y 1 + x2
´ ³ √
´
;
11
 Arch x ± Arch y = Arsh xy ± (x2 — 1)(y2 — 1) ;
x y
Arth x + Arth y = Arth ± ;
1 ± xy
1 xy
Arcth x ± Arcth y = Arcth ±
.x±
y

11
B

c -
, .
Pn(x), Qm(x)
x; R[x, u(x), . . . ] -
x, u(x), . . . ; u(x) x.
, ,
, .

.
∫

1. g[ω(x)]ωJ(x) dx ( . 9).
d ω(x) = t . a
. 15 17, 20 24.
∫
2. u(x)vJ(x) dx ( . 15).
d ∫ : ∫

u(x)vJ(x) dx = uv — v(x)uJ(x) dx. a

. 29 32.
3. ∫ Pn(x) Pn(x)
Qm(x) dx, n < m,
Qm(x)
( . 21).
d -

A Mx + N
(x — a)k 2 k
, (k = 1, 2, . . .).
(x + px + q)
,
, . . 4, 5 .
Qm(x) -

11
( . 26). a
∫. 33 36.
Mx + N
4. dx, M, N, p, q (c. 20).
2
x + px +
d q x + p/2 = t a
. 33 .
∫
Mx + N
5. dx, M, N, p, q ,n
(x2 + px +
q)n20).
(c.
d x + p/2 = t
∫
∫
2t dt dt .
(t2 + 1)n (t2 + 1)n

t 2 + a2 = u, -
. 6.........................................a
. 33 .
∫
6. Jn dx
= , n (c. 19).
n
(x2 + a2)
d
1 1
Jn+1 = x 2n — J n. a
1 +
2na2 n 2n a2
(x2 + a2)

(c. 14).
. 25, 32 .
∫ αx + β
7. R (x, Y r, Y s, . . .) dx, Y = , r, s, . . .
γx + δ
(c. 28).
d
µ αx + β¶1/m
t= ,
γx + δ
m r, s,.........a
. 18, 37, 38.

12
 ∫

8. xm (axn + b)p dx, m, n, p (c. 45).

12
d :
1) p ,

t = xN ,

N m n;
m+1
2) ,
n
axn + b = ts,

s p;
m+1
3) +p ,
n
a + bx—n = ts,

s p.
, p m -
z = xn ∫

Jp,q = (az + b)pzq dz

(c. 45), -
.........................a
. 50 52.
∫
9. Jp,q = (az +b)pzq dz, p, q
.
d  (c. 47):
p+1 q+1
 (az + b) z p+ q + 2
+ Jp+1, q ;
b(p + 1) b(p + 1)
Jp, q =
(az + b)p+1zq+1
—
 p+ q +
— a2 Jp, q+1;
 b(q + 1) b(q + 1)
bp
(az + b)pzq+1

 p + q + 1 + p + q + Jp—1, q ;
Jp, q =
(az + b)p+1zq 1
bq
12
  — Jp, q—1 . a
 a(p + q + 1) a(p + q + 1)
. 52.

12
 ∫
³
10. R x, √
´ ax2 + bx + c dx .

d I. (c. 29):
√√
= txt±± acx,
1) ax 2
2) √ ax2 +
+ bx
bx +
+ cc = , ca >> 0;
√
3) 0; ax2 + bx + c = ±t(x — λ), -
; λ .
II. T
(c. 42). a
.∫ 19, 26 28, 39 41, 47 49.
11. √Pn (x) dx (c. 33).
Qm(x) ax2 + bx + c
Pn(x)
d ,
Qm(x)

.....................................a

∫ ∫
√ Pn(x) dx √
2
12. ax2 + bx + , Pn (x) ax + bx + c dx (c. 34).
c
d
∫
∫ Pn(x) dx √
√ dx
= P n—1 (x) ax2 + bx + c + λ √ ,
2
ax + bx + 2
ax + bx +
c c
Pn—1(x) λ -
.............................................................................................a
. 42.
∫
13. √dx (c. 35)
(x — α)n ax2 + bx +
c 1
d x—α= . a
. 43. t
∫
15. dx
√ , n , a, b, c
2 2 n 2
(c. 37). (x + b ) ax + c
12
 r
c
d a+ = t,
x2
³√ ´J
√ αx . a
t= αx2 + β = αx2 + β
. ∫ 45.
( Mx + N ) dx
16. , m ,
m√
(x2 + px + ) ax + bx +
q c
M, N, a, b, c, p, q (c. 39).
2
¡
d 1) (ax2 + bx + c) = a x2 + px + q ,
¢
J1 = M ∫
2a (2ax + b) dx
(ax2 + bx + c)(2m+1)/2
µ ¶∫
Mb dx
J2 = N — .
2a (ax2 + bx + c)
(2m+1)/2
t = ax2 + bx + c,
( . . 14).
2) (ax + bx + c) = a¡ x2 + px + q
2
¢ p = b/a, -
µt /
+ν
x= ,/ µ ν
t+
1
,
(c. 40).
¡
3) (ax2 + bx + c) /= a x2 + px + q p = b/a,
x = t — p/2 (c.¢41). a
.∫ 46.

17. R(sin x, cos x) dx (c. 48).

d 1)
R(— sin x, cos x) = —R(sin x, cos x),
t = cos x ;
2)
R(sin x, — cos x) = —R(sin x, cos x),
12
t = sin x ;

12
3)
R(— sin x, — cos x) = R(sin x, cos x),
t = tg x ;
4)
x
t = tg ,
2
................................................a
.∫ 53 57.

18. R(sh x, ch x) dx (c. 50).

d 1)
R(— sh x, ch x) = —R(sh x, ch x),
t = ch x ;
2)
R(sh x, — ch x) = —R(sh x, ch x),
t = sh x ;
3) R(— sh x, — ch x) = R(sh x, ch x),
t = th x ;
4)
x
t = th
2
.....................................a
. 58, 59.
∫
19. R(sinm x, cosn x) dx, R(shm x, chn x) dx, m, n -
∫ (c. 53)
d 1) m , , -
, t = cos x t = ch x .
2) n , , ,
t = sin x t = sh x .
3) m+ n , , -
, t = tg x t = th x .
4) m n ,
;

12
 m n ,
. 9. a
. 60, 61.
∫ ∫
20. p
R(sin x, cos x) dx, q
R(shp x, chq x) dx, p, q -
( . 52).
d t = sin x (t = sh x )
∫

tp(1 ± t2)q—1 dt,

p q ( . 54). a

∫
21. Pn(x)f (x) dx, f (x) , -
, , , -
.
d ( . 15). a
. 29 32.

12
[1] . . -
. . 2. .: . , 1948.
[2] . ., . ., . ., . .
: . .:
. / . . . .: .
. . .-................1986.
[3] . . .-
: , 1998.
[4] . . -
. .: , 1962.

12
1 3

2
9

3 15

4
19

5 ,
28

6
48

7 -
57

A
, 60
A.1 . . . 60
A.2 ..... 65

70

77

13
 . .2005 . . .2005 .
. . 60×84 1/16. . . 5. 300. .

42004
5, , . . , 2

13
13