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Grade 8 STE- RESEARCH 2

Quarter 1 – Module 3:
RESEARCH

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Grade 8 STE- Research 2
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Research
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Schools Division of Sorsogon

Schools Division Superintendent – Jose L. Doncillo, CESO V
Asst. Schools Division Superintendent – Ma. Jeany T. Abayon
Curriculum Implementation Division Chief – Rolando F. Embile
Education Program Supervisor (Science) – Michelle H. Guadamor

DEVELOPMENT TEAM OF THE MODULE

WRITERS: RONEL M. LLONA

EDITORS: CINDY D. GONZALES

JERIEL G. MARTIREZ

REVIEWERS: MICHELLE H. GUADAMOR

WELIMEN C. OSEO
REY EUGENE R. LEE
CINDY D. GONZALES
JOHN BRYAN M. EVASCO
JERIEL G. MARTIREZ

LAYOUT ARTISTS: JERIEL G. MARTIREZ

JOHN BRYAN M. EVASCO

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GRADE 8 STE- RESEARCH 2

Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Research

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 Most Essential Learning Competency

Explain the meaning, characteristics, and importance of research.

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 Research

Introduction

In the previous modules, you have learned

about the nature of ideas, describing the
characteristics of a novel idea as well as
differentiating invention and innovation.
In this module you will explore about
research, the characteristics of a scientific research
and the importance of research in various fields.

Most Essential Learning

Competency & Objectives

In this module, you will explain the meaning, characteristics, and

importance of research.

Specifically, you should be able to:

1. Define scientific research.
2. Explain the characteristics of scientific research.
3. Explain the importance of reasearch in various fields.

Duration: 2 meetings
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 Pre-Test

Before we begin with our lesson, answer first these

five (5) questions below.

Directions: Read each statement carefully and choose the best

answer by writing the letter in your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following statements define a scientific
research?
A. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical
investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations
among observed phenomena.
B. A way of finding out truths about a subject by describing the collected data
about such subject and determining their relationships or connections with
one another.
C. A type of research that puts premium or high value on people’s thinking or
point of view conditioned by their personal traits.
D. A type of research the expresses numerical forms, objective thinking,
statistical methods and measurement.
2. Which statement explains why research is empirical in nature?
A. It exhibits precise and valid judgement.
B. It is based on direct experience or observation.
C. It is based on valid processes of methodologies.
D. It is conducted in systematic and organized manner.
3. Which of the following correctly describe research as cyclical?
A. Research used valid methods and procedures.
B. Research constitutes precise and fair judgements.
C. Research starts with a problem and end with a problem.
d. Research is based on direct experience and observation.
4. Which of the following shows logical nature of research?
A. It is done in orderly manner to produce valid results.
B. It uses systematic method and procedure without bias.
C. It is based on the recommendation of existing old studies.
D. It should be done in numerous replications to produce conclusive results.
5. Which of the following best illustrate the importance of research in improving
the quality of life?
A. Increasing researchers’ income and salary.
B. People can communicate to other quicker and easier.
C. Development of rice plants that can withstand floods.
D. People now can travel distant places in short period of time.

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 How did you find the test? It’s okay if you’re not yet
sure with your answers. As you go on with this module, you
will learn and find out if your answers are correct. So buckle
up and get ready with your journey.

Learning Activities

E licit
In your previous grade level you have learned the
essential scientific attitudes and skills. Now, why do you think
these learned skills are important to you as student researcher?
That’s right, it is important because it prepares you to the world
of higher research works.
Before we proceed to our lesson you have to complete
first the bubble graph or concept map below by writing words
associated with the middle word.

Activity 1 Vocabulary Enrichment

Scientific Scientific
Attitudes Skills

A B

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 I’m glad that you still remember your previous
lesson about the primary skills used in conducting
investigation as well as the disposition of an act that
is commonly observed on how scientists work.

E ngage
Now, I want you to read and analyze the story
below and answer the follow-up questions.

Cardo is living with his family, Alyana his wife, and his
grandmother Lola Flora who is diagnosed with diabetes. His brother
suggests taking herbal plants while his cousin wants her Lola to go to
a faith healer. Alyana wants her to take the medicine prescribed by
her doctor. However, Cardo is curious or not confident about the
effectiveness among the three medications and he is now in trouble
and needs your help. So, as a young scientist, what will you do to help in finding out
which practice is factual, proven and effective for the safety of Cardo’s mother? How
would you verify if the particular medication is good for the health of Lola Flora?
Questions:
1. How can you verify which method is more effective?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2. How did you come up with your decision?
________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

To know more about this particular method, kindly

perform the next activities.

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 E xplore
What else do you know about research?
Expand what you know about it when you perform
these two activities.

Activity 1: Getting to Know Research!

In this activity you are going to define scientific research and
identify which characteristics of research given the illustration. Read
and analyze the diagram below and answer the following questions.

Image Credit: https://www.thougthco.com/scientific-method-p2-75

Guide Questions:
Q1. What can you say about the methods involved in the study?
_______________________________________________
Q2. How will you define a scientific research?
_______________________________________________

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 Activity 2: Characteristics of Research

In this activity, you will explain the characteristics of

scientific research. Analyze the pictures below which illustrates
the different characteristics of research and explain each
question using the pictures

Pictures Questions

Why research is empirical?

Why research is logical?

Why research is replicable?

Why research is analytical?

Why research is cyclical?

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 Activity 3: Importance of Research
In this activity you will explain the importance of research.
Below are images which depict the importance of research in
various fields. Explain how research plays its vital role in each
field.
You may read and search for references to help you in
answering this activity.

IMPORTANCE OF RESEARCH

1. Economy

2. Agriculture

3. Medicine

4. Education

5. Transporation and
Communication

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 Good job! To have an in-depth understanding
of the concepts let us now discuss your answers.

E xplain
Scientific research may be defined as a
systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical
investigation of hypothetical propositions about the
presumed relations among observed phenomena.

This definition of research contains the basic terms necessary in

defining the method of scientific research and describes a procedure
that has been accepted for centuries. However, regardless of its origin,
all research begins with a basic question or proposition about a specific
phenomenon.

Characteristics of Research
There are six characteristics of research, namely, (1) Empirical, (2) Logical,
(3) Cyclical, (4) Analytical, (5) Replicability and (6) Critical.
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the
researcher. The collection of data relies on practical experience without
benefit of the scientific knowledge or theory. In scientific use, the term
empirical refers to the gathering of data using only evidence that is observable
by the senses or in some cases using calibrated scientific instruments.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles. Scientific
investigation is done in an orderly manner so that the researcher has
confidence on the results. Logical examination of the procedures used in the
research enables the researcher to draw valid conclusions. Thus, the logic of
valid research makes it important for decision making.
3. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process. It starts with a problem and end with
a problem. For instance, a researcher who completes his study states his
findings and draws up his conclusions and recommendations. In his
recommendations, many problems may crop up as other subjects for study
hence, the cycle is repeated.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the
data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or case study. For
example, in historical research, the data gathered focus on the past.
5. Replicability. The research designs and procedures are replicated to enable
the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results. Similarities and
differences of replicated researchers can be compared. The more replications
of researches, the more valid and conclusive the results would be.
6. Critical. Research exhibits careful and precise judgement. A higher level of
confidence must be established, i.e., at 1.0 per cent or 0.5 per cent level of
confidence. Based on these levels of confidence, the researcher is confidently

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 precise in his interpretations on whether the results are significant or
insignificant, or whether to reject or accept the hypothesis.

Importance of Research
Research is of great value to man. Through research, the quality of man’s life
is improved from conventional to modern because life becomes not only meaningful
but enriching as well.

1. Research and Agriculture. Agricultural research system helps to achieve

sustainable food and income security for all agricultural producers and
consumers, particularly for resource-poor households, whether they are in
rural or urban areas.
2. Research and Medicine. Health research has high value to society. It can
provide important information about disease trends and risk factors, outcomes
of treatment or public health interventions, functional abilities, patterns of care,
and health care costs and use. Clinical trials can provide important
information about the efficacy and adverse effects of medical interventions by
controlling the variables that could impact the results of the study, but
feedback from real-world clinical experience is also crucial for comparing and
improving the use of drugs, vaccines, medical devices, and diagnostics.
3. Research and Education. Educational research is important because of
contributing knowledge development, practical improvement, and policy
information. Therefore, educators can use those research findings to improve
their competences and teaching and learning process (Yulirahmawati, 2008).
4. Research and Economy. Economic research refers to matters concerning
the environment and which may lead to improved techniques to ensure
sustainable food production.
5. Research and Communication. It plays important role in growth and job
creation. They add value to goods and services, make business and
government processes more efficient, and deliver the services that citizens
and businesses need.
6. Research and Transportation. A good transport system in logistics activities
could provide better logistics efficiency, reduce operation cost and promote
service quality.

Now that you have understood the

concepts of research, let’s try to apply what
you’ve learned in the next task.

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 E laborate/ Extend
Now you already knew the meaning, characteristics
and importance of research. This time, in the space provided
make a graphical presentation/concept map of meaning
characteristics and importance of research in various fields.

Rubric Scoring Guide

Points Description
5 A graphic organizer that is complete and comprehensive.
4 One part of the organizer is not filled but the given ideas are correct.
3 Two parts of the organizer is not filled but the given ideas are correct.
Two parts of the organizer is not filled and some of the ideas are not
2 correct.
Three parts of the organizer is not filled and some of the given ideas are
1 not correct.

Extend: On the space provided, make a reflection on how scientific research

helps you in your daily life.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
______________.

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 Vocabulary List

You may refer to the following vocabulary words used in this module:

Analytical- Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the data,

whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or case study. For example, in historical
research, the data gathered focus on the past.
Critical- Research exhibits careful and precise judgement. A higher level of
confidence must be established, i.e., at 1.0 per cent or 5.0 per cent level of
confidence. Based on these levels of confidence, the researcher is confidently
precise in his interpretations on whether the results are significant or insignificant, or
whether to reject or accept the hypothesis.

Cyclical- Research is a cyclical process. It starts with a problem. For instance, a

researcher who completes his study states his findings and draws up his conclusions
and recommendations. In his recommendations, many problems may crop up as
other subjects for study hence, the cycle is repeated.

Empirical- Research is based on direct experience or observation by the

researcher. The collection of data relies on practical experience without benefit of the
scientific knowledge or theory.

Logical- Research is based on valid procedures and principles. Scientific

investigation is done in an orderly manner so that the researcher has confidence on
the results. Logical examination of the procedures used in the research enables the
researcher to draw valid conclusions. Thus, the logic of valid research makes it
important for decision making.

Replicability- The research designs and procedures are replicated to enable the
researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results. Similarities and differences of
replicated researchers can be compared. The more replications of researches, the
more valid and conclusive the results would be.

Scientific Research- may be defined as a systematic, controlled, empirical, and

critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations
among observed phenomena.

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 Post-Test
We’re almost done! Let us know if you
learned something out of our lesson.

E valuate
I. Directions: Read each statement carefully and choose the best
answer by writing the letter in your answer sheet.
1. Which of the following statements defined scientific research?
A. A systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical investigation
of hypothetical propositions about the presumed relations among
observed phenomena.
B. A way of finding out truths about a subject by describing the collected data
about such subject and determining their relationships or connections with
one another.
C. A type of research that puts premium or high value on people’s thinking or
point of view conditioned by their personal traits.
D. A type of research the expresses numerical forms, objective thinking,
statistical methods and measurement.
2. Which statement explains why research is empirical in nature?
A. It exhibits precise and valid judgement.
B. It is based on direct experience or observation.
C. It is based on valid processes of methodologies.
D. It is conducted in systematic and organized manner.
3. Which of the following best describe research as cyclical?
A. Research used valid methods and procedures.
B. Research constitutes precise and fair judgements.
C. Research starts with a problem and end with a problem.
D. Research is based on direct experience and observation.
4. Which of the following shows logical nature of research?
A. It is done in orderly manner to produce valid results.
B. It uses systematic method and procedure without bias.
C. It is based on the recommendation of existing old studies.
D. It should be done in numerous replications to produce conclusive results.
5. Which of the following best illustrate the importance of research in improving
the quality of life?
A. Increasing researchers’ income and salary.
B. People can communicate to other quicker and easier.
C. Development of rice plants that can withstand floods.
D. People now can travel distant places in short period of time.

13
 Hooray, you have finished your first module for
research!
Please check your answers by referring to the
answer key. If you scored lower than 4, please go over
the earlier parts of this module and take on the activities
once again. If you scored 4 or above, you are now
ready for the next module. CONGRATULATIONS!

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 Answer Keys
Pre-Test Answer Keys
1. A 4. A
2. B 5. C
3. C

Learning Activities Answer Keys

Elicit:
Scientific Attitudes Skills
1. Curiosity 1. Observing
2. Intellectual honesty 2. Measuring
3. Critical-mindedness 3. Inferring
4. Open-mindedness 4. Classifying
5. Predicting
5. Skepticism
6. Communicating
6. Objectivity
7. Perseverance
Engage:
1. Do Scientific Research. Student’s answer may vary.
2. Scientific Research follows a systematic, controlled, empirical, and critical
investigation in formulating a solution. Student’s answer may vary.
Explore:
Activity 1
1. The study follows a particular method. Answers may vary.
2. Scientific Research may be defined as a systematic, controlled, empirical,
and critical investigation of hypothetical propositions about the presumed
relations among observed phenomena. Answers may vary
Activity 2
Student’s answers may vary.
1. Empirical. Research is based on direct experience or observation by the
researcher. The collection of data relies on practical experience without benefit of the
scientific knowledge or theory. In scientific use, the term empirical refers to the
gathering of data using only evidence that is observable by the senses or in some
cases using calibrated scientific instruments.
2. Logical. Research is based on valid procedures and principles. Scientific
investigation is done in an orderly manner so that the researcher has confidence on
the results. Logical examination of the procedures used in the research enables the

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researcher to draw valid conclusions. Thus, the logic of valid research makes it
important for decision making.
3. Replicability. The research designs and procedures are replicated to
enable the researcher to arrive at valid and conclusive results. Similarities and
differences of replicated researchers can be compared. The more replications of
researches, the more valid and conclusive the results would be.
4. Analytical. Research utilizes proven analytical procedures in gathering the
data, whether historical, descriptive, experimental, or case study. For example, in
historical research, the data gathered focus on the past.
5. Cyclical. Research is a cyclical process. It starts with a problem and end
with a problem. For instance, a researcher who completes his study states his
findings and draws up his conclusions and recommendations. In his
recommendations, many problems may crop up as other subjects for study hence,
the cycle is repeated.
Elaboration: Graphical presentation (Answers may vary).
Empirical

Logical

Characteristics of Cyclical
Research
Analytical

Replicability

Critical
RESEARCH
may be defined as
-
Research and
a systematic, Society
controlled,
empirical, and Research and
critical Economy
investigation of
hypothetical
propositions about Research and
the presumed Social Sciences
Research and
relations among Importance of Environmental
observed
phenomena. research in Science
various fields Research and
Culture

Extend: Student’s answers may vary.

Post-Test Answer Keys

1. A 4. A
2. B 5. C
3. C

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 References

Published References
Henson, R., and R. Soriano. 1999. Communicating Research: A Course Guide.
Booklore Publishing Corporation.
Ariola, M. 2006. Principles and Methods of Research. Rex Book Store, Inc.

Calmorin, L., and M. Calmorin. 2004. Methods of Research and Thesis Writing. Rex
Book Store, Inc.
Baraceros, E. 2017. Practical Research 1. Rex Book Store, Inc.

Baraceros, E.2017. Practical Research 2. Rex Book Store, Inc.

Graphics
https://www.facebook.com/Pierette-Simpson-134827096548099/
https://images.summitmedia-digital.com/topgear/images/2019/04/25/het-dost-pnr-
article-photo-1556172180.jpg
anthonypicciano.com
https://iddskenya.com/photos/ritm
www.alamy.com
quantumcomputingtech.blogspotcom
blog.grapholite.com
https://undsci.berkeley.edu/images/us101/repitition.gif
https:www.roevalleyenterprises.com/news/post.php?s=2016-12-15-the-7-business-
lessons-you-should-learn-by-30
https:www.questionpro.com/blog/empirical-research/
Teacher Graphics by freepik.com
pathways.cu.edu.egypt

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