Republic of the Philippines

President Ramon Magsaysay State University

Iba, Zambales (Main Campus)
GRADUATE SCHOOL

TITLE: PSYCHOLOGICAL FOUNDATION(BEHAVIORISM AND COGNITIVISM)

WRITTEN REPORT

NAME: WILBERT B. FRONDA

SUBJECT:MA-217 CONTEMPORARY APPROACHES TO VALUES EDUCATION

What is Psychology?

 Psychology derived from Greek ‘”psyche” which means soul.

 It is a discipline devoted to the study of behavior, mind, and thought
 It deals with the study of mental processes that determines a person’s behavior and thinking
 when applied to teaching and learning, it provides understanding how students learn and
understand a body of knowledge

The curriculum developer

 has to know how students’ learn and take consideration individual differences when designing a
curriculum.
 Is interested in knowing how organization of the curriculum can enhance learning
 the curriculum can be considered successful, if the students learn and gain knowledge.
 RALPH TYLER- a well known scholar in curriculum development
 He proposed in the 1960s that anything is to be taught in the classroom should be subjected to a
psychology screen to establish wether they are congruent with how humans learn

PSYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES INFLUENCING CURRICULUM

 BEHAVIORISM
 COGNITIVISM
 CONSTRUCTIVISM
 HUMANISM

BEHAVIORISM

 Behaviorism is a theory of learning based on the idea that all behaviors are acquired through
conditioning, and conditioning occurs through interaction with the environment. Behaviorists
believe that our actions are shaped by environmental stimuli/
 Republic of the Philippines
President Ramon Magsaysay State University
Iba, Zambales (Main Campus)
GRADUATE SCHOOL

Example:

 The teachers reward their class or certain students with a party or special treat at the end of the
week for good behavior throughout the week.

What is the role of the teacher and the students in Behaviorism?

 From a behaviorist perspective, the role of the learner is to be acted upon by the teacher-
controlled environment.
 The teacher's role is to manipulate the environment to shape behavior.
 Thus, the student is not an agent in the learning process, but rather an animal that instinctively
reacts to the environment.

Two Types of Behaviorism

 Classical conditioning
 Operant Conditioning

COGNITIVISM

 Cognitivism is a learning theory that focuses on how information is received, organized,

stored and retrieved by the mind.

For Example:

 Cognitive processes combine the acquisition of knowledge and skills with the ability to apply
information in new situation.

Cognitive Learning Strategies in the Classroom

 Asking students to reflect on their experience

 Helping students find new solutions to problem
 Encouraging discussions about what is being taught
 Helping students explore and understand how ideas are connected

Role of Teachers based on the Cognitive Learning Strategies

Is to facilitate discovery by providing the necessary resources.