HSC CHEMISTRY

MODULE 6: ACID/BASE REACTIONS

Presented by Pete Whiting

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 1

HSC CHEMISTRY – MODULE 6: ACID/BASE REACTIONS

PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASES

Presented by Pete Whiting

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 2

HSC CHEMISTRY – MODULE 6: ACID/BASE REACTIONS – PROPERTIES OF ACIDS AND BASES

INORGANIC ACIDS AND BASES

Presented by Pete Whiting

Inquiry question: What is an acid and what is a base?

Syllabus dot point:

• investigate the correct IUPAC nomenclature and properties of common inorganic acids and bases
(ACSCH067)

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 3

What’s in this lesson?
Nomenclature

Properties of acids and bases

Common acids and bases

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Mojo Jojo and Him using chemistry for evil…

Sources (L-R): https://www.youtube.com/embed/=bIHtelBU4uA?rel=0,

www.youtube.com/embed/IkXMT7i-NqY?rel=0
© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 5
Inorganic compound Nomenclature
(n.) Compounds that
Standard IUPAC Rules apply Is it acting as
lack a central carbon No an acid? Yes Is it an oxyacid? No
for inorganic molecules
atom as a root.
s
Oxyacid (n.) An acid Ye
containing a
hydrogen, oxygen & *+, = hydrogen Use ‘Hydro’-anion
Determine the anion
another element. monochloride name – ’( "(&)’

Inorganic
nomenclature:
Review the standard
IUPAC rules for Does it end in ‘– "#$’ or ‘−&#$’?
inorganic nomenclature
from the preliminary *+, = hydrochloric acid

56

– &5
–4
course.

6
Named after the Named after the *- = hydroiodic acid
anion with the anion with the
suffix ‘−&( "(&)’ suffix ‘−789 "(&)’
Some exceptions
exist – *. / is not
named as an acid.
*. /13 *012 *. /12 *01.
sulfuric acid nitric acid sulfurous acid nitrous acid

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 6

Alkaline/basic Properties of acids and bases The PH Scale

(adj.) Property Acid Base/Alkali

Capable of
neutralising an acid Ionises to increase the Ionises to increase the
Ionisation
and having a pH [H+] [OH-]
greater than 7.

Alkaline
pH pH < 7 pH > 7

Acid (n.) Taste Sour Bitter

Donates a H+, Dissolve in H2O to create Dissolve in H2O to create
capable of Electrolytic nature conductive solutions – conductive solutions –
neutralising a base electrolytic. electrolytic.
and having a pH less
than 7. Can be neutralised by Can be neutralised by
Neutralisation Neutral
bases. acids.
Corrosive and give a
Feel Corrosive, burns.
soapy/slippery feel.
Litmus Turn blue litmus red Turn red litmus blue.

Acidic
pH (n.)
A scale that measures the
potential of hydrogen – the
activity of H+ ions in solution.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 7

Alkaline/basic Common acids and bases
(adj.) Household Iye
Capable of (NaOH solution)
neutralising an acid Household bleach
(NaCIO solution) Milk of magnesia
and having a pH
Household ammonia (Mg(OH)2)
greater than 7.
(NH3 solution)
Acid (n.) Baking soda Blood
Donates a H+, (NaHCO3)
capable of
Seawater Milk
neutralising a base
and having a pH less Freshly distilled
than 7. Egg yolks
water

Pure rain (H2O in Coffee

equilibrium with
atmospheric CO2)
Beer
Lemon juice
Orange juice

Vinegar

Carbonated beverages
Battery acid
Gastric fluid

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 8

Multiple choice activity
Name the acid H3PO4.

A. Trihydrogen phosphate

B. Hydrogen phosphate

C. Phosphorous acid

D. Phosphoric acid

E. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 9

Multiple choice – Response
Name the acid H3PO4.

A. Trihydrogen phosphate

B. Hydrogen phosphate

C. Phosphorous acid

D. Phosphoric acid

E. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 10

Multiple choice activity
A solution was shown to have a sour taste in diluted forms, reacted to turn litmus paper red.

Determine the pH of the solution described.

A. pH < 7

B. pH = 7

C. pH > 7

D. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 11

Multiple choice – Response
A solution was shown to have a sour taste in diluted forms, reacted to turn litmus paper red.

Determine the pH of the solution described.

A. pH < 7

B. pH = 7

C. pH > 7

D. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 12

Multiple choice activity
The pH of cleaning products in the home tend to be characterised as:

A. pH < 7.

B. pH = 7.

C. pH > 7.

D. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 13

Multiple choice – Response
The pH of cleaning products in the home tend to be characterised as:

A. pH < 7.

B. pH = 7.

C. pH > 7.

D. I don’t know.

© Pete Whiting & Edrolo 2018 (Written by the author) 14

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