Unit – 6

Algebraic Expansion

Expand the given expressions.

(a) (a + b)2 =

( b ) ( a – b )2 =

( c ) ( x + 5 ) ( x – 5) =

( d ) ( x – 2 )2 =

( e ) ( 2x + 3 )2 =

( f ) ( 3x + 2)2 _ ( 3x – 2 )2 =

Basic Method of factorization

1. Extract the common

x2 + 2x =
4a2 - 8a2 =

7a – 56 a2 =

3c2 d3 + 15cd2 =

2. Difference of two squares

x2 – y2 = ( x + y ) ( x – y)
b2 - 9 =
4x2 – 25 =
49x2 - 36y2 =
3. Positive constant, middle term positive
x2 + 3x + 2 = ( x + 2) ( x + 1 )

x2 + 7x + 6 =

x2 + 6x + 8 =

x2 + 19x + 48 =

4. Positive constant, middle term negative

x2 – 5x + 6 = ( x – 3 ) ( x – 2 )

x2 – 18x + 45 =

x2 – 8x + 12 =

x2 – 15 x + 56 =

5. Negative constant, middle term positive

x2 + 2x – 15 = ( x + 5 ) ( x – 3 )

x2 + x – 72 =

x2 + 3x – 18 =

x2 + 3x – 40 =

6. Negative constant, middle term negative

x2 - 2x – 15 = ( x – 5 ) ( x + 3 )

x2 – 4x – 45 =

x2 – x – 30 =

x2 – 5x – 36 =
 Zero – product Law

If ab = 0 then either a = 0 or b = 0. x2 = 3x

(x–1)(x+2)=0 x2 - 3x = 0

x–1 =0 (or) x+2 =0 x(x–3)=0

x=1 or x = -2 x=0 or x–3=0

x=3

Solve the following equations.

1. 3x ( x – 5 ) = 0 4. x2 = 5x

2. x2 + x = 55 5. x2 - 7x + 12 = 0
2

3 .x2 - 3x – 4 = 0 6. x2 + 5x + 4 = 0
Taking square root of both sides

x2 = a where a> 0, then x = + √ a or – √ a .

1. Solve x2 = 121. ( OR ) x2 = 121

√ x2 = √ 112 x2 - 121 = 0

x = ± 11 x 2 - 112 = 0

(x + 11 ) ( x – 11 ) = 0

x + 11 = 0 or x – 11 = 0

x = - 11 or x = 11

2. Solve ( x – 1 )2 = 9.

3. X2 – 25 = 0

4. ( x – 3 )2 = 5