SUBMITTED BY: MARYAM KHAN SUBMITTED TO: MA’AM MUeeN abid DATED: MAR 17,

2024
 STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3
Ask a Research Take IVs
Question and DVs

STEP 6 STEP 5 STEP 4

Hypothesis Sample Population

STEP 9
STEP 7 STEP 8
Data
Designing an Data
analyzation
experiment collection

STEP 12 STEP 11 STEP 10

Presentation Report your Result
results

STEP 13
Replication
EXPLANATION:
STEP 1: Think about something you are curious about or something you want
to find out. It could be anything you are wondering about. Once you have a
question then state it clearly. Make it clear that what are you trying to figure
out.
STEP 2: Then do some background research and learn what others have
already found about your topic. Then decide exactly what question you want to
answer.
STEP 3: Identify the variables like independent and dependent variable.
Firstly, variable is something that changes or varies. They are of two kinds,
Independent variable and Dependent variable. Independent variable is
something that you are changing or testing in your experiment. It is like a
“cause” or the thing that you are interested in seeing how it affects the
dependent variable. And Dependent variables is something that you are
measuring to see if they are changing because of the Independent variable. It is
like an “effect” or the thing that you are interested in seeing how it is influenced
by Independent variable.
STEP 4: Population is everyone or everything that you are interested in. It is
like a full pot of rice.
STEP 5: Sample is the small group you actually going to study. It is like you
take out a bit of rice, from the pot, to taste.
STEP 6: Hypothesis is making a guess about what you think will happen in
your study. This is a statement that you get after going through literature. There
are four kinds of hypothesis. First is null hypothesis, this hypothesis says that
there is no relationship between the variables you are studying. Second is
alternative hypothesis says that there is a relationship between the variables you
are studying. Third one is directional hypothesis that is when you predict a
specific direction of the relationship between variables and fourth one is non-
directional hypothesis and that is when you do not predict a specific direction of
the relationship between the variables.
STEP 7: Experimental design is a plan you make to test your hypothesis in a
systematic way.
STEP 8: Data collection is when you collect data from the sample you
selected. This data collection can ne in the form of interviews or questionnaires
etc.
STEP 9: Statistically analyze the data that you have collected. Here research is
done basically.
STEP 10: Based on your analysis, decide what your data is telling you and
what it means for your hypothesis or research question.
STEP 11: Report writing is like a written form of your experiment and your
report is entered in the collection of other literature.
STEP 12: Share your results with people which can be in the form of viva.
STEP 13: Replication suggest that your hypothesis can be copied or
reproduced again. In simpler terms, the research can be conducted again after
going through your research.