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Module 2 - Intenetworks and Network Devices
Module 2 - Intenetworks and Network Devices
INTERNETWORKS AND
NETWORK DEVICES
PECEC 3 – Communications 3: Data Communications (Lecture)
• Accuracy
- data that have been altered in transmission and left
uncorrected are unusable.
• Timeliness
- data delivered late are useless.
• Jitter
- refers to the variation in the packet arrival time.
Internetwork
• Networking is the process of interconnecting multiple devices to
create an internetwork.
Network Media
Switching
• An internet is a switched network in which a switch connects at
least two links together.
• A switch needs to forward data from a network to another network
when required.
• The two most common types of switched networks are circuit-
switched and packet-switched networks.
Circuit-Switched Network
• A dedicated connection, Sample Circuit-Switched Network
called a circuit, is always
available between the two
end systems; the switch can
only make it active or
inactive.
• This is ideal for
communications which
require data to be
transmitted in real-time.
Packet-Switched Network
• A type of network Sample Packet-Switched Network
communication in which
blocks of data called packet
are being exchanged from
end-to-end instead of having
a continuous communication
we see between two
telephone sets.
• This type is more flexible and
more efficient if some
amount of delay is
acceptable.
The Internet
Conceptual View of the Internet
- telephony (voice)
- telegraph (encoded messages)
- In 1972, Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn, both of whom were part of
the core ARPANET group, collaborated on what they called the
Internetting Project.
- The idea of this project is to link dissimilar networks so that a
host on one network can communicate with another host from the
other network.
- There were many problems to overcome: diverse packet
sizes, diverse interfaces, and diverse transmission rates, as well as
differing reliability requirements.
- Cerf and Kahn devised the idea of a device called a gateway
to serve as the intermediary hardware to transfer data from one
network to another.
PLDT SPRINT
Network Network
PLDT SPRINT
Cisco 7000
Router
Syracuse
University in New
York
University of San
Carlos in Cebu
Course References
• Forouzan, Behrouz (2007) Data Communications and Networking
(4th ed.) McGraw-Hill Education
• Tomasi, W. (2004) Electronic Communication Systems (5th ed.)
• Sapak, M. (2017) Digital Communications (1st ed.)
• Ciora, J (2008) CCNA Exam Prep (2nd ed.) Pearson Education Inc.
• Odom, W. (2019) CCNA 200-301 Official Cert Guide Library vol. 1
& 2 (1st ed.) Cisco Press
• https://jimayson.wordpress.com/2011/08/13/the-night-benjie-
hooked-up-the-philippines-to-the-internet/