Medium Forces Movment and Changing

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1.2 Forces, Movement & Changing Shape

Question Paper
Course Edexcel IGCSE Physics

Section 1. Forces & Motion
Topic 1.2 Forces, Movement & Changing Shape
Difficulty Medium
Time allowed: 140
Score: /115
Percentage: /100
Page 1 of 33
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Question 1
When an object falls at terminal velocity
A. it accelerates at 10 m/s2
B. it has no weight
C. the resultant vertical force is downwards
D. the vertical forces on it are balanced
[1 mark]
Question 2
The student puts a pile of 400 sheets of paper on a table.
He uses a ruler to measure the height of the pile.
The student records the thickness of the pile as 4.1 cm.

This means that the thickness of one piece of paper is about
A. 1 cm
B. 1 mm
C. 0.1 mm
D. 0.01 mm
[1 mark]
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Question 3a
The diagram shows a man pulling a child on a sledge.
The acceleration of the sledge is 1.5 m/s2. The mass of the child and sledge is 38 kg.
(i)
State the equation linking force, mass and acceleration.
(1)
(ii)
Calculate the force needed to produce this acceleration.
(2)
force = ............................................... N
(iii)
Suggest a reason why the force exerted on the sledge by the man must be greater than the force calculated.
(1)
[4 marks]
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Question 3b
The sledge starts from rest and accelerates at 1.5 m/s2 until its velocity is 2.8 m/s.
(i)
State the relationship between acceleration, velocity and time.
(1)
(ii)
Show that the time taken to reach 2.8 m/s is about 2 s.
(2)
[3 marks]
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Question 3c
This velocity-time graph shows the motion of the sledge as it travels down a hill.
(i)
Calculate the distance travelled by the sledge.
(3)
distance travelled = ............................................... m

(ii)
State the equation linking average speed, distance moved and time taken.
(1)
(iii)
Calculate the average speed of the sledge for the whole journey.
(2)
average speed = ...............................................m/s

[6 marks]
Page 5 of 33
Question 4
A car pulls a caravan along a horizontal road.
The caravan is removed and the car makes the return journey without it.
Without the van, the car has a greater acceleration and uses less fuel.
Explain these changes.
[3 marks]
Page 6 of 33
Question 5a
A student investigates the extension of a rubber band when masses are added.
Tick the boxes to select the correct items of apparatus that the student would need in order to complete this investigation.
Two items have already been selected.
[1 mark]
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Question 5b
The table below shows the student's results.
(i)
Complete the table by inserting the missing force.
(1)
(ii)
Plot a graph to show how force varies with extension.
(5)
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(iii)
Use the information from the graph to explain whether the rubber band obeys Hooke's Law.
(2)
[8 marks]
Page 9 of 33
Question 6
A rabbit runs across the road in front of a car.
The driver applies the brakes.
State four factors that affect the chance of the rabbit escaping without being hit.
[4 marks]
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Page 11 of 33
Question 7a
Parachutes are used to slow down a spacecraft as it falls through the atmosphere.
Photograph G shows an Apollo spacecraft with three parachutes attached.
This spacecraft falls at a constant velocity.

(i)
State the name of this constant velocity.
(1)
(ii)
Explain why this velocity stays at a constant value.
(3)
(iii)
Photograph H shows an identical Apollo spacecraft. Only two of its parachutes are working.
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Explain how the constant velocity reached by this spacecraft compares with the constant velocity of the spacecraft shown
in photograph G.
(2)
[6 marks]
Question 7b
Photograph I shows a space shuttle using a parachute when it lands on a runway.
Explain what would happen to the stopping distance of the shuttle if this parachute did not open.
[2 marks]
Page 13 of 33
Question 8a
A student investigates the extension of an elastic band for different forces.
(i)
List the laboratory apparatus that the student needs for this investigation.
(3)
(ii)
Extension, force and temperature are variables for this investigation.
Draw a line from each variable to its type.
(2)
(iii)
Describe how the student can measure the extension of the elastic band when he adds a force of 12 N.
(2)
[7 marks]
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Page 15 of 33
Question 8b
The student obtains this data as he first adds weights to the elastic band (loading) and as he then removes weights from the
band (unloading).
He plots the loading data on a graph as shown.

(i)
Suggest how the student could improve the quality of his data.
(2)
(ii)
Draw a curve of best fit through the loading data.
(1)
(iii)
On the same axes, plot the unloading data.
(2)
(iv)
Draw a curve of best fit through the unloading data.
(1)
(v)
The student concludes that the band is an elastic material and that it obeys Hooke’s law.
Discuss whether his conclusion is correct.
You should support your argument with data.
(3)
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[9 marks]
Page 18 of 33
Question 9a
A skydiver jumps from an aircraft.
The mass of the skydiver is 70 kg.
(i)
State the equation linking weight, mass and g.
(1)
(ii)
Calculate the weight of the skydiver and state the unit.
(2)
weight = ....................................... unit .......................................

[3 marks]
Question 9b
The graph shows the vertical velocity of the skydiver during the first 40 s of the fall.
His parachute is not open during this time.
Explain the shape of the graph.

[4 marks]
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Question 9c
The diagram shows the skydiver falling at a constant velocity.
Add two labelled arrows to the diagram to represent the forces acting on the skydiver.
[3 marks]
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Question 9d
The skydiver opens his parachute after 40 s.
Continue the line on the graph to show how the skydiver’s vertical velocity changes and reaches terminal velocity.
[2 marks]
Question 10a
The graph shows the minimum stopping distances, in metres, for a car travelling at different speeds on a dry road.
Complete the equation to show the link between stopping distance, thinking distance and braking distance.
[1 mark]
Page 21 of 33
Question 10b
Describe the patterns shown in the graph.
[2 marks]
Question 10c
Use the graph to estimate the stopping distance for a car travelling at 35 miles per hour.
stopping distance = ......................................... m
[1 mark]
Question 10d
To find the minimum stopping distance, several different cars were tested.
Suggest how the data from the different cars should be used to give the values in the graph.
[1 mark]
Question 10e
The tests were carried out on a dry road.
If the road is icy, describe and explain what change there would be, if any, to
(i)
the thinking distance
(2)
(ii)
the braking distance
(2)
[4 marks]
Page 22 of 33
Question 11a
A student investigates how the extension of a spring varies when he hangs different loads from it.
Write a plan for the student’s investigation.

Your plan should include details of how the student can make accurate measurements.
You may add to the diagram to help your answer.
[5 marks]
Page 23 of 33
Question 11b
The student finds that the spring obeys Hooke’s law.
Draw a graph on the axes to show Hooke’s law relationship. Label the axes.
[3 marks]
Question 11c
The student concludes that the spring shows elastic behaviour.
Explain what is meant by the term elastic behaviour.
[2 marks]
Page 24 of 33
Question 12a
A student investigates friction between a block of wood and different types of surface.
The student uses the equipment shown in photograph A to measure the force needed to move the block of wood.
(i)
Suggest why the student places masses on the block.
(1)
(ii)
Explain why he keeps the masses constant during the experiment.
(1)
[2 marks]
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Page 26 of 33
Question 12b
The student investigates five different types of surface.
The table shows his results.
(i)
Give an example of a non-continuous variable in this investigation.
(1)
(ii)
Complete the table by inserting the missing average.
(1)
(iii)
Display the average force results for this investigation on the grid.
(4)
Page 27 of 33
[6 marks]
Question 12c
The student compares his results with others in the class.
He finds that they have different values for the forces.
Suggest why.
Page 28 of 33
[2 marks]
Question 12d
The student repeats the investigation using another block of wood as shown in photograph B.
This block of wood has the same mass but a different area of contact.
Explain how this change affects the pressure on the surface.
[2 marks]
Question 12e
Suggest two ways in which the student could reduce friction between the two surfaces.
[2 marks]
Page 29 of 33
Question 13a
A student investigates whether a spring obeys Hooke’s law.
She uses the apparatus shown in the photograph.
Which additional measuring instrument does the student need for the investigation?
[1 mark]
Question 13b
Explain how the student can investigate whether the spring obeys Hooke’s law.
[5 marks]
Page 30 of 33
Question 14a
A hot-air balloon is tied to the ground by two ropes.
The diagram shows the forces acting on the balloon.
The tension T in each rope is 200 N.
The ropes are untied and the balloon starts to move upwards.
State the value of the force acting downwards on the balloon immediately after the ropes are untied and before the balloon
starts moving.
force downwards = ............................................... N

[1 mark]
Page 31 of 33
Question 14b
(i)
State the relationship between unbalanced force, mass and acceleration.
(1)
(ii)
The balloon has a total mass of 910 kg.
The initial unbalanced force on the balloon is 400 N upwards.
Calculate the initial acceleration.
(2)
initial acceleration = ............................................... m/s2

[3 marks]
Question 14c
Explain how the upward acceleration of the balloon changes during the first few seconds of its flight.
[3 marks]
Question 14d
While the balloon is still accelerating, the pilot controls the balloon by pouring some sand from the bags.
Explain how this affects the upward acceleration of the balloon.
[2 marks]
Page 32 of 33
Page 33 of 33

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1.2 Forces, Movement & Changing Shape

Course Edexcel IGCSE Physics

Time allowed: 140

The student records the thickness of the pile as 4.1 cm.

distance travelled = ............................................... m

average speed = ...............................................m/s

Two items have already been selected.

This spacecraft falls at a constant velocity.

He plots the loading data on a graph as shown.

weight = ....................................... unit .......................................

Explain the shape of the graph.

Write a plan for the student’s investigation.

force downwards = ............................................... N

initial acceleration = ............................................... m/s2

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