NATIONAL PUBLIC SCHOOL

ITPL, BENGALURU
Social Science
Geography- Ch-8 Human Resources
Lead Notes

Class: VIII No. of pages: 2

Date- 18.01.22
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III. Distinguish between:

1. Densely populated and moderately populated regions

Densely populated regions-

• Regions where the population is above 100 persons per square km.
• Density is very high along the fertile river valleys and industrial regions of the world.
• Examples: Eastern Asia and South Asia (India, Pakistan, etc.)

Moderately populated regions -

• Regions where the population is between 50 and 100 persons per square km.
• Moderately populated regions are found in regions that are agriculturally developed and semi-urban
in nature. Industries have begun to develop here.
• Examples: Iran, Iraq, and Eastern Europe

3. Sex ratio and dependency ratio

Sex ratio
• Number of females per thousand males.
• In the European and African countries, the number of females is more than males.
• In India, the sex ratio is not balanced. Except in Kerala, in all the other states of India, the female
population is lesser than the male population

Dependency ratio
• Dependents are people below 15 years and above 65 years of age. The economically active
population falls between 15 and 65 years of age.

• The ratio between these dependent and economically active groups is called the dependency ratio.
• The comparison of the dependent population and working population is used to calculate the
dependency ratio.
• The dependency ratio is high in India

Answer the following questions.

6. What are the reasons for the rapid growth of the population?

• Some of the key reasons for the rapid growth of the population are-

NPS.ITPL/2021-22/ LN -SSC
 • The stable and increasing birth rate
• A significantly reduced death rate (due to the development in medical science and technology)
• Lack of awareness about family planning programs
• Superstitious beliefs and customs.

7. What is a population pyramid? Describe India’s population pyramid. What conclusions can you
draw from it? How is it expected to change by 2050?

The population pyramid

• Is a graphical representation of the population composition of a country. Also called an age-sex
pyramid.
• It also shows the total population, divided into various age groups, e.g., 5 to 9, 10 to 14 years.
• The percentage of the total population, subdivided into males and females, in each of those groups.
• The shape of the population pyramid of a country reveals two major details about the people, age
group and sex ratio.

India’s population pyramid-

• Due to rapidly developing medical technology and improving standards of living many children
survived to adulthood, showing a bulge in the middle of the population pyramid.
• India is a classic example of the pyramid bulging in the middle because of the increase in the life
expectancy of the people. By 2050 the life expectancy will increase to 82 to 85years.

NPS.ITPL/2021-22/ LN -SSC