ASSIGNMENT

COURSE TITLE-SCHOOL ORGANISATION AND MANAGEMENT

COURSE CODE- 111

KALKA INSTITUTE FOR RESEARCH AND ADVANCED STUDIES

GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY

BACHELOR OF EDUCATION (2023-2025)

1
Submitted to- Submitted by-
1
Dr. Shubham Saxena Chahek Kalra
 INDEX
S.NO. Content Slide No.
2
1. Objectives 3
2. Introd 4……..12

3. Principle of construction of 13……18

time-table

4. Needs and Importance of 19

time-table

5. Construction of time-table 20….23

by pupil teacher

6. Use of ICT in construction 24….26

of time-table

7. Software's used by schools 28…..30

in construction of time-
table

8. Reflection 31

9. References 32
 3 INTRODUCTION
❖ This assignment serves as a record of my most recent practical experience utilizing information and
communication technology (ICT) to create a school time-table as required by our B.Ed. curriculum.
❖ This task, which emphasizes the value of using technology to speed up the process has given me a real
understanding about the types of time-table, needs and importance of time-table and Principles of time-table.
❖ I have learned a great deal about the subtleties and complexity of school administration through this
experience.
❖ I went to St. Andrews Senior secondary school located in I.P Extension, Patparganj, Delhi for PSE and
conducted school and classroom observation. The school’s aim is to impart holistic Education to the students
to develop the varied facets of a child’s personality i.e. physical, intellectual, spiritual and emotional.
4
About the Assignment

In this assignment pupil teachers will get a hands on experience on the construction of time
table . School’s second clock is Time-Table .It ensures orderly work and ensures the
realization of school objectives . In addition, student teachers are required to create
definitions, meanings, and principles to bear in mind when creating different kinds of
timetables. They are also need to write on how ICT is used to create timetables and what
software the school uses to create them. A well-crafted schedule can be an effective tool for
both professional and personal growth, promoting stress reduction, goal achievement, time
management, and general wellbeing.
5
OBJECTIVES
❑ To familiarize pupil teachers with the fundamental principles and best practices
involved in the construction of a school timetable.
❑ To encourage effective communication and coordination among pupil teachers and with
faculty mentors during the timetable construction process.
❑ To enable pupil teachers to critically evaluate the effectiveness of the constructed
timetable in meeting the diverse needs of students, teachers, and the school as a whole.
❑ To understand the principles, Needs and Importance of Time-Table
❑ To encourage reflective practice among pupil teachers, prompting them to analyze the
outcomes of their timetable construction and identify areas for improvement.
6 TIME-TABLE
❖ A timetable, often referred to as a structured and organized plan that outlines a sequence of
events, activities, or tasks over a specific period of time.
❖ It provides a detailed chronological order of what is to be done, when it is to be done, and
where it will take place.
❖ It is a schedule that outlines the timing and sequence of classes, lectures, exams, and other
activities for students and teachers in a school.
❖ They can be displayed in various formats, such as tables, charts, or calendars, and may be
available in both physical and digital forms. They serve as essential tools for time
management and organization, helping individuals and organizations make the most of their
available time and resources.
❖ According to Dr . Jaswant Singh, “ The schedule is the sparkplug of school which sets into
motion its various activities and programmes.”
7
TYPES OF TIME TABLE
Vacant
Consolidate Class time Teacher’s
periods time
d time table table time table
table

Co-curricular
Games time Home work
activities time
table time table
table
 8

❖ It is also known as the general time-table.

❖ It is a complete picture of the entire school programme per day.
❖ It is not only the sum total of all the class time tables in a concise form but also a record of
every teacher’s daily work.
❖ It shows the details of every individual teacher, with regard to his curricular and co-
curricular activities in the school.
❖ This time-table is generally meant for the headmaster, but one of the copies should be put up
in the staff room.
9

➢ It is a time-table of each class, each section.

➢ It shows the distribution of subjects with teacher for each period.
➢ It helps students and teachers to plan their day accordingly.
➢ In addition to the regular subjects, there are slots for sports, free-periods, extracurricular
activities, etc.
➢ All the sections and classes in a school follow their respective time-table and have a copy of it
put in the classroom.
10

❑ As the name implies, this time-table is for teacher’s.

❑ On a daily, weekly, and monthly basis, they can monitor their classrooms and adjust their
lesson plans.
❑ This time-table e details the missed time and designated classroom for a particular teacher.
❑ Each teacher will have their own customized timetable made according to them.
❑ There are certain teachers who will teach many courses, and the teacher-specific timetable
will also list the subjects they are responsible for.
 11

▪ This time-table includes the vacant periods of all the teachers

▪ It is helpful in allocating work when the teacher is absent.
▪ Some students cannot behave properly in the absence of a teacher. So, if on a particular day
one or more teacher is absent, the Headmaster must keep their classes busy in one way or the
other.
▪ And the best way of doing this job is to consult the Free periods time-table and send those
teachers to their classes, who are vacant in those periods.
▪ Therefore, this time-table is typically stored at the administrative chief's or principal's office
so that the efficient distribution of teachers can be done by looking at the free periods
available throughout the institution.
12

❖ This time-table, as the name suggests, lists the various sports and games that are played on
the school's indoor and outdoor playfields.
❖ It shows which particular group is engaged in a particular game at a particular time.
❖ The school's principal and the Head of physical education manage this time-table.
❖ Groups for games are not organized on basis of sections and classes.
❖ These are organized on the basis of age and proficiency in games.
13 Co-curricular activities, Time-
Table
✓ In addition to games variety of co-curricular activities is also organized in every good school.
✓ A regular time-table of all such activities is prepared in the beginning of each session showing
different types of activities in the school, the names of teacher incharge of those activities, the
place where they are to be held and the time when they are to be undertaken.
✓ This saves a lot of duplication and over-lapping and facilities in the formation of groups of
pupils, participating in the activities of their own choice and liking.
✓ This time-table is typically made available on the noticeboard or given to the students in
advance.
14
Home work Time Table
• In every good school, some homework is daily assigned to pupils in various subjects.
• In order to see that this home work that does not becomes a mental strain on the average
pupil, a home work time-table is prepared before hand by section and class.
• It shows the amount of homework to be set by the teacher for the class or classes in his or her
own subject.
• A copy of this time-table is put up in each class or section and the monitor has to see that
home work for the day has been assigned by the teacher.
• With the homework timetable, it is possible to balance the time spent on different subjects at
home. This will help parents to allocate the time for different homework assignments.
 15

Needs and Importance of time-table

 The timetable is a necessary tool for the efficient working of a school. It is really a mirror that reflects the
entire educational programme of the school. "It is the timetable that supplies the framework within which
the work of the school proceeds. It is the instrument through which the purpose of the school is to
function.“ It is the Second clock of school. Major needs and importance of time-table are listed below:-
 1. It ensures smooth and orderly working of the school
 2. It prevents wastage of time and energy
 3.It ensures equitable distribution of work among teachers
 4. It ensures equitable distribution of time to different subjects and activities
 5. It helps in adjusting schoolwork according to the needs of pupils
 6.It helps in the formulation of good habits
 7. It promotes school discipline
 16 PRINCIPLES OF CONSTRUCTION
OF TIME-TABLE
The timetable provides a clear perspective and thorough image of the activities taking place in the
classroom, including what work is being done during which periods, where, by whom, and when. When
creating a useful timetable, the following principles must be kept in mind-

1. TYPE OF SCHOOL
We see firstly whether the school is girls/boys oriented or co educational, rural, or urban, secondary or senior
secondary. We determine the nature of activities involved in the school is to be taken in to consideration while framing
the time table.
2. AMOUNT OF TIME AVAILABLE
Time table is framed keeping in view available time i.e., the length of the school year and total number of holidays.
 17

3. DEPARTMENTAL RULES-The state department of education establishes the duration of the academic
year, as well as its terms, including the start and end dates, length of the school day, and even the number of
periods for each subject.
4. PRINCIPLE OF JUSTICE- It is important to take great caution when distributing work.
A) Each instructor is given the subjects that they believe they are best equipped to teach.
B) He or she only instructs in two departments.
C)Each teacher's workload is roughly equal to that of other teachers.
 18

5. THE DIFFICULTY OF SUBJECTS AND THEIR RELATIVE IMPORTANCE- The amount of time
spent on a subject should correspond to its importance and level of difficulty. The relevance of a subject in the
school curriculum is determined by certain socioeconomic factors, and time is allocated to it in the time table
as a result.

6. PRINCIPLE OF FATIGUE- The factors of exhaustion have a variety of effects on how the school
timetable is created. At certain times of the day, children become tired. It is both physiological and physical in
character. It has a definite weakening influence on interest, learning outcomes, and attention.
19

7. PRINCIPLES OF VARIETY- It has been seen experimentally that change of room seat and posture
usually is an antidote against weakness. it is applied on both students and teachers variety can be introduced in
the following manners-
A)No subject expect science practical should be kept far two consecutive periods.
B) The same class should not set in the same room far the whole day.
C) The same teacher should not have two consecutive periods in the same class.
D) If subject is taught only 2/3 time a week, period should follow at intervals.
E) The physical training periods, science practical and drawing work follow a change

8. FREE PERIODS FOR TEACHERS.

We should provide free periods for teachers so as to increase their efficiency and also to provide time for their
correction work.
 20

9. RULES OF PLAY AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY- To combat boredom, it is important to pay

close attention to the demands for rest and recreation and to include a variety of extra co-curricular
activities in the time-table.
10. MAXIMUM RESOURCE UTILIZATION-Always keep in mind your qualifications, your
experience, and the size of the room. so as to utilize all resources as fully as possible and to prevent
resource waste or underutilization.
11. ELASTICITY- The timetable needs to be flexible in order to accommodate the teachers' schedules.
21

12. Staff equipment and building-

While constructing a good time-table, the number and qualifications of teachers, the number and size
of classes and class-rooms and equipment, therein, should always be from that of a two-teacher or
multi-teacher school.
Again in case of a school where one room is used for two classes, the time-table will be arranged in
different manner as compared to a school with a spacious building.
Equipment and furniture, available in a School, also determine the construction of time-table to a
certain extent.
22

CONSTRUCTION OF TIME TABLE

 CLASS TIME TABLE
St. Andrews Scots Senior Secondary School
23
Class- XIIth- B
Class Teacher- Chahek Kalra
Periods
0 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th

DAYS 8:00- 8:45-9:20 9:20- 9:55- 10:35-11:10 11:10- 11:30-12:10 12:10- 12:40-1:30
8:45a am 9:55 am 10:35 am am 11:30 12:40
m am
MONDAY Z Chemistry Chemist English Physics B PHE Biology Chemistry
E ry Practical R Practical
R E
TUESDAY Chemistry English English Physics PHE Biology Chemistry
O A
Practical Practical
K

WEDNESDAY English English Physics Biology PHE Biology Sports

THURSDAY English Physics Physics Biology PHE Biology Biology

practical Practical
FRIDAY Chemistry Physics Physics Painting PHE Biology Sports
Practical
 TEACHER’S TIME TABLE
24
St. Andrews Scots Senior Secondary School
Teacher’s Name- Chahek Kalra
Subject-Chemistry

Periods
0 1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th

DAYS 8:00- 8:45-9:20 9:20- 9:55-10:35 10:35- 11:10- 11:30- 12:10- 12:40-
8:45a am 9:55 am am 11:10 am 11:30 am 12:10 12:40 1:30
m
MONDAY Z XIIth-B XIIth-A XIth-B XIIth-C B Xth-D Free XIth-C
E R
TUESDAY R XIIth-B XIIth-A XIth-B XIIth-C E Xth-D XIth-A XIth-C
O A
WEDNESDAY XIIth-B XIIth-B XIth-C Free XIIth-C Free Xth-C
K
THURSDAY XIIth-B XIIth-B XIth-C XIth-A XIIth-C XI-B Xth-C

FRIDAY XIIth-B Free XIth-A XIth-A Free XIth-B Free

25
26
27
 28

Use of ICT in Construction of Time-Table

1. Scheduling Software: Specialized scheduling software, often designed for educational institutions,
allows school administrators to input various constraints and requirements. The software then automatically
generates an optimized timetable, taking into account factors like classroom availability, teacher preferences,
and subject allocation.

2. Automated Conflict Resolution: ICT tools can identify and resolve scheduling conflicts, such as teacher
unavailability, classroom double bookings, or subject overlaps, making the process faster and less error-
prone.

3. Resource Allocation: ICT systems can efficiently allocate resources, such as classrooms, labs, and
equipment, ensuring they are used optimally and fairly across different classes and activities
 29
4. Customization: Many scheduling software packages allow schools to customize their timetables according
to their unique needs, such as adding special events, assemblies, or extracurricular activities.

5. User-Friendly Interfaces: These software tools typically feature user-friendly interfaces, making it easier
for school administrators to input data and generate timetables.

6. Real-Time Updates: ICT systems can update schedules in real-time, allowing for immediate adjustments in
the event of unexpected changes or disruptions.

7. Integration with Student Information Systems: Timetable software can integrate with student
information systems to pull in data on student registrations, class enrollments, and teacher assignments,
ensuring consistency and accuracy.

8. Multi-User Collaboration: Cloud-based scheduling software enables multiple users, including teachers and
administrators, to access and collaborate on the timetable.
 30

9. Reporting and Analytics : ICT tools provide reporting and analytical

capabilities, allowing schools to evaluate past timetables and make data-
driven decisions to improve future scheduling.

10. Student and Parent Access: Many schools provide access to timetables
for students and parents through web portals or mobile apps, ensuring that
everyone can stay informed about class schedules and changes.
11. Budget Efficiency: Efficient timetables can lead to better resource
management, potentially reducing operational costs.

12. Emergency Planning: ICT tools can assist schools in creating emergency
schedules and response plans in case of unforeseen events or disruptions.
 31

Software of School used in the Construction of Time-table

St. Andrews Senior Secondary School, IP Extension Patparganj doesn’t use a particular software for time
table construction, they do it manually. They use Google Meet, WhatsApp and Gmail to share the Time-
Table with students and parents.
They records all the data i.e. marks, CBSE registrations, library transactions, fees dues, calendars, circulars
and attendance on their created application i.e. The St. Andrews E-content app. They have created this
app by the help of a software named Sonnet. Sonet eSSMS is not just a software, its a platform specially
designed for direct communication between parent and the institution.This application is only accessed by
the teachers. This application is created by EPR system.
32
 33

Software’s used by schools to design Time-

table
There are various software options and tools that can be used in Information and Communication
Technology (ICT) to create timetables in schools. These software solutions are designed to streamline the
scheduling process and help school administrators, teachers, and staff efficiently manage class schedules.
Here are some popular timetable making software applications:

1) aSc Timetables: aSc Timetables is widely used in schools to generate class schedules. It features an
intuitive interface and can handle complex scheduling requirements, including multiple classes, subjects,
and teachers.
2) FET (Free Timetabling Software):FET is an open-source, cross-platform software for timetabling. It’s
suitable for schools with limited budgets and offers powerful scheduling capabilities
 34

3. TimeTabler: TimeTabler is a comprehensive timetable software with advanced features for schools and
colleges. It can handle complex scheduling requirements, including split classes, rotations, and multiple
campuses.

4. Edusense Timetable: Edusense is a specialized timetable software designed for educational institutions. It
allows for the creation of schedules, taking into account various constraints and preferences, such as classroom
availability, teacher availability, and subject allocation.

5. Tes Timetable: Tes Timetable, powered by Edval, gives you flexibility to deliver better, more cost-effective
curriculums across all your school locations
35
Conclusion
In conclusion, the assignment titled "The Pupil Teachers to be given hands-on experience in the construction of
the Time Table using ICT of a School by the Faculty Mentors Keeping in Mind all the Principles of Time-Table
Preparation" has been a comprehensive and enlightening endeavor. The practical application of constructing a
school timetable using Information and Communication Technology (ICT), under the guidance of faculty
mentors, has provided valuable insights and contributed to both personal and professional development. the
assignment has been instrumental in preparing pupil teachers for their future roles as educators. The hands-on
experience, coupled with the guidance of faculty mentors, has equipped them with practical skills, technological
proficiency, and a holistic understanding of the principles governing time-table preparation in schools. This
experience is not only relevant for their current academic pursuits but also lays a strong foundation for their
future careers in education. The incorporation of ICT tools has not only enriched technological skills but has
also highlighted the significance of integrating technology into educational practices.
36
Reflection
With this help of this assignment, I have developed an understanding of the difficulties and the
complexity that the school administration face while constructing an effective time-table.
Working with ICT tools for time-table construction was a hands-on experience that significantly
improved my proficiency in technology. Learning to navigate and leverage software for efficient
scheduling has broadened my skill set and prepared me for future technological challenges in
education. I learnt about the Principles, Needs and Importance of Time-Table. the assignment
provided a holistic learning experience that combined theoretical knowledge, technical skills,
and practical application. It not only deepened my understanding of time-table preparation but
also enhanced my problem-solving abilities, collaborative skills, and technological proficiency.
 37
References
1)https://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUKEwjIjZe4rP
eBAxUz9zgGHc7pD-
2) UQFnoECAgQAw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.academyfront.com%2Fblog%2Fdifferent-types-of-timetables-
that-can-be-managed-perfectly-with-school-
3)erp.html&usg=AOvVaw1qEnrApRn2bCiKpLs50xdV&opi=89978449
4)https://fedena.com/blog/2019/10/types-of-timetable-how-to-manage-them-effectively-with-school-erp.html
5)https://onlinenotebank.wordpress.com/2022/01/18/time-table-meaning-types-and-principles-of-time-table/
6)http://visionaryteacher.weebly.com/uploads/4/9/7/0/49703363/need_and_importance_of_the_timetable.pdf
7)https://ictcurriculum.gov.in/mod/page/view.php?id=310
8)https://www.softwaresuggest.com/school-time-table-software